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Sherlock Holmes and the Copyright Tangle

spagiola passes along a New York Times piece on the copyright travails of Sherlock Holmes. "At his age [123 years], Holmes would logically seem to have entered the public domain. But not only is the character still under copyright in the United States, for nearly 80 years he has also been caught in a web of ownership issues so tangled that Professor Moriarty wouldn't have wished them upon him."

53 of 290 comments (clear)

  1. The copyright cash cow by Brian+Boitano · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Basically, nobody wants to give up rights to it because they can make money from it.

    --
    What would Brian Boitano do?
    1. Re:The copyright cash cow by derGoldstein · · Score: 5, Funny

      Basically, nobody wants to give up rights to it because they can make money from it.

      Not "Basically", but rather "Elementary"!

      --
      Entomologically speaking, the spider is not a bug, it's a feature.
    2. Re:The copyright cash cow by timmarhy · · Score: 4, Insightful

      if you can milk something infinately, it removes all incentive to create new creative works, completely undermining the whole arguement for copyright in the first place. how does this simple fact fail with law makers?

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    3. Re:The copyright cash cow by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It doesn't fail with them. They just don't care. They get paid to write more long-lasting, restrictive copyright laws, so they do it. All those "for the good of culture" arguments are just smokes and mirrors, so it's less obvious.

    4. Re:The copyright cash cow by Hurricane78 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Huh? Incentive for creative work was an argument for copyright?

      No. It wasn’t. Look at the word. It says copyright. The right to copy. To reproduce the work.
      It has nothing to do with creativity or art. It has to do with publishers and money.

      What you mean, is the author’s right.
      Which, from what I heard, is nearly meaningless in the USA. Right?

      In Germany we have the Urheberrecht instead of the copyright. The Urheberrecht (literally “originator’s right”) is the right of the one who created the work. And it can’t be given away. Ever. (The rule is, that if you’re payed by the hour, the payer is the originator. If you’re payed all at once, you are.)
      Which is pretty nice.

      Except that many people here start to think we are government by US laws. They always see the term “copyright“ and think that’s a German thing. Which results in silly things, like people stating to own the copyright on something they literally just copied. Like this idiot here, who really just scanned stuff in, and now thinks this entitles him to some right.

      Nowadays, nobody needs publishers anymore. So they are clinging to the last twig they still got: Extending copyright as far as possible. Like with this thing here. If your life would depend on it, you’d do the same. It always gets looong and weird at the end.
      But I don’t worry, since it’s impossible to keep this going forever. Sooner or later, there is no art and no artist left. New artists already couldn’t care less about them. And there will be a time, where their extensions will become just so silly, that everybody stops taking them seriously.

      --
      Any sufficiently advanced intelligence is indistinguishable from stupidity.
    5. Re:The copyright cash cow by interkin3tic · · Score: 4, Insightful

      if you can milk something infinately, it removes all incentive to create new creative works, completely undermining the whole arguement for copyright in the first place.

      I'd point out that Sir Arthur Conan Doyle is also very dead, which probably prevents him from making new creative works more than a lack of financial incentive, but I agree with you in principle.

    6. Re:The copyright cash cow by beowulfcluster · · Score: 4, Informative

      Copyright laws were made at first because publishers made copies of authors' works without their consent or giving them compensation. The idea was to give authors control for a time to allow them to profit from it and thereby encourage more creative works. That's been twisted now of course but that was the idea at the time.

    7. Re:The copyright cash cow by aussie_a · · Score: 5, Funny

      Taking a public domain character and inserting them into a story, or being forced to come up with something new - and possibly better - instead?

      Dunno. Let's look at Disney classics like Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and compare it with one of their latest, Bolt.

    8. Re:The copyright cash cow by Wildclaw · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Yup. In fact, copyright in itself is self defeating as any increase in actual information produced is offset by the loss of actual copies of said information due to higher copying costs.

      To be fair, that is not 100% true. If the extra information produced is of higher quality it can still be worth it. But that is pretty much the only situation where copyright can be motivated. However, in that case, I don't really see any evidence for copyright beyond 5 years, as quality information should have no problem earning back its money in that amount of time. And allowing non-quality information to profit from copyright laws is inefficient.

    9. Re:The copyright cash cow by westlake · · Score: 3, Insightful

      if you can milk something infinately, it removes all incentive to create new creative works

      Sherlock Holmes is a piss-poor example for this argument.

      The character is arguably the most famous and instantly recognizable in all English literature.

      There have been hundreds if not thousands of new Holmes stories published. Countless books, films, stage, radio and tv productions. In each generation, a new actor becomes the definitive Sherlock Holmes.

      There have puppet shows, comics, cartoons, graphic novels - Dover even publishes a set of paper dolls.

      The modern mystery and detective story begins with Holmes. Doyle introduced three important and suggestive ideas:

      1 Holmes is a private detective, in the modern meaning of the word.He is almost never reduced to solving a problem with a fist or a gun, I don't think of how fresh and novel that was.

      2 Doyle separated the narrator and the detective.

      Watson can tell the story in the first person without cheating the reader.

      He can ask the questions the reader wants answered. He can be an Archie Goodwin or a Nora Charles.

      2 Holmes is firmly anchored in a particular time and place - a time and place he instantly invokes.

    10. Re:The copyright cash cow by MrNaz · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Disney would beg to differ.

      --
      I hate printers.
    11. Re:The copyright cash cow by IndustrialComplex · · Score: 4, Informative

      Because the law doesn't say copyrights are eternal. Therefore you cannot milk something indefinitely.

      If I passed a law that said copyrights now last 10^100 years our cowards on the Supreme Court would still say it was constitutional because it fit the definition of 'limited time'. even if that time would be some time after the heat death of the freaking universe.

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    12. Re:The copyright cash cow by Moryath · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Consider the following point:

      Holmes, in the country of his birth (Britain), has been public domain for TWENTY YEARS.
      Holmes, in the US and thanks to our fucked up laws passed by paid-off, bribed, and otherwise corrupt legislators, is covered by "copyright" law in the US all the way until 2023. At which time the character will be 136 years old.

      Keep in mind that the NORMAL term of our fucked-up copyright laws is supposed to be either 95 years for "works for hire" (bought and paid for by hookers sent to legislators courtesy of Disney Corp and Sonny Bono's widow), or "Death of the author plus 70 years", which means the copyright on all of Conan Doyle's Holmes stories should have passed into public domain in the US back in 2000 (Sir Artie died in 1930). Actually, they should have passed back in 1980 (and did), but every time it gets close, Disney sends another round of hookers and bags of cash to Congress to buy another extension.

    13. Re:The copyright cash cow by frogzilla · · Score: 3, Informative

      I don't remember Holmes ever saying "Elementary" in the stories. Wikipedia confirms this:

      A third major reference is the oft-quoted but non-canonical phrase: "Elementary, my dear Watson." This phrase was never actually said by Holmes, since it does not appear in any of the sixty Holmes stories written by Conan Doyle.

      Now, do we trust wikipedia? Discuss.

    14. Re:The copyright cash cow by fruitbane · · Score: 3, Interesting

      According to US copyright law and Project Gutenberg, the original Sherlock Holmes stories are in the public domain. This means that the original form of the character is available for re-presentation and re-imagining. Now, it may be that there is some later, more potent version of Sherlock Holmes that is still copyright protected. Certainly all of the movies are. But the original stories, and the ability to create derivatives of the original character as written, that's no longer locked up. The Times article is not clear on what's protected and what's not. It's not like for a continuum of works there's simply an on/off switch, protected/not protected.

  2. Disney by BlackHawk-666 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    You can blame Disney and their rodent for the current state of copyright laws. Don't think that when copyright period for Mickey once again draws to a close there won't be a large bundle of cash handed out to the nearest person able to extend the period another 20-50 years.

    --
    All those moments will be lost in time, like tears in rain.
    1. Re:Disney by myowntrueself · · Score: 4, Interesting

      You can blame Disney and their rodent for the current state of copyright laws. Don't think that when copyright period for Mickey once again draws to a close there won't be a large bundle of cash handed out to the nearest person able to extend the period another 20-50 years.

      One way to stop this would be to turn Mickey into an pop culture symbol for a pedophile or terrorist...

      Degrade the icon to the point where Disney would rather wash their hands of the rodent.

      --
      In the free world the media isn't government run; the government is media run.
    2. Re:Disney by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

      Time to get 4chan to use Mickey Mouse instead of Pedo Bear

    3. Re:Disney by sootman · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Which makes Disney the worst kind of hypocrite, since they've built their empire on public domain works, from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) and Pinocchio (1940) to The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996) and Rapunzel (later this year) and many others in between. Over 70 years of taking from the public domain and what have they given back? NOTHING. Fuckers.

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  3. Sherlock Holmes on Project Gutenberg by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative
  4. What a crock by davmoo · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The fact that none of the current living "heirs" is a direct descendant of the author is further proof of how screwed up our system is.

    But I can understand why they fight so hard. If they didn't have Holmes, they'd have to all get real jobs and work for a living.

    --
    I want a new quote. One that won't spill. One that don't cost too much. Or come in a pill.
    1. Re:What a crock by lordholm · · Score: 3, Interesting

      The only reason to extend after the death is to ensure that the husband/wife receives a pension and the children are supported until they can start working by themselves. For the first part, 70 years is most likely a bit excessive for most cases, and for the second case definitely excessive. How about: lifetime of spouse or until the youngest child is 25 years, whichever is greater. This may be difficult to administer, in that case, just make it 25 years after death and you have covered it in 95% of all cases.

      --
      "Civis Europaeus sum!"
    2. Re:What a crock by Tim+C · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I don't see why not, and copyrights can certainly be transferred. The screwed-up bit, in my opinion, is this:

      In 1980 Sherlock Holmes and Conan Doyle’s other works entered the public domain in Britain. In America the passage of the Copyright Act of 1976 gave an author or his heirs a chance to recapture lost rights; Conan Doyle’s daughter, Jean, did so in 1981.

      So here in Britain they would appear to be in the public domain, as one would expect, but in the US his daughter was given the chance to say "no, actually, I'd like to keep the copyright for longer please"? Or am I misunderstanding that paragraph?

    3. Re:What a crock by LordLucless · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Huh? What's so special about an author, that they get life insurance for free? Everyone else has to pay for that sort of guarantee for our dependants. Copyright should be a fixed term, regardless of the mortal status of the author.

      --
      Just because you're paranoid doesn't mean there isn't an invisible demon about to eat your face
    4. Re:What a crock by derGoldstein · · Score: 4, Informative

      This reminds me of the Smiley Face trademark escapades. The posters for the Watchmen movie were different depending on the country. There was also an issue with Wal-Mart using it, apparently.

      Copyright lawyers have to earn their salaries somehow, I suppose.

      --
      Entomologically speaking, the spider is not a bug, it's a feature.
    5. Re:What a crock by Toonol · · Score: 4, Informative

      In America the passage of the Copyright Act of 1976 gave an author or his heirs a chance to recapture lost rights; Conan Doyle's daughter, Jean, did so in 1981.

      Yes, and it's a travesty. The heirs of Jack Kirby are using it in an attempt to steal dozens of characters that Kirby helped create while at Marvel back in the 60's, and the heirs of Siegal used it to reclaim the character of Superboy from DC. It is going to happen a LOT in the upcoming decade.

    6. Re:What a crock by h4rm0ny · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Huh? What's so special about an author, that they get life insurance for free? Everyone else has to pay for that sort of guarantee for our dependants.

      You get paid in real time. Do a month's work, get a month's pay, set some aside for life insurance or pension. An author is more like a long-term investor. They put in a lot of work up front and their rewards come in over years, sometimes decades. If you write a novel, die, and then a year later it gets its second larger print run after good reviews / word of mouth, or it gets bought for turning into a film, or whatever, your widow would get nothing to represent the value of the work. That's why copyright projects forwards in time, because the earnings project forward in time. What, if your partner invests all their hours and money into long-term stocks, you don't get the earnings back from that because they died?

      Also, it reduces the incentive for movie producers to kill you so they can use your work for free. ;)

      --

      Aide-toi, le Ciel t'aidera - Jeanne D'Arc.
    7. Re:What a crock by foobsr · · Score: 3, Insightful

      How about: lifetime of spouse or until the youngest child is 25 years, whichever is greater.

      Pff, they will ensure that offspring is created from a sperm bank each quarter of a century.

      CC.

      --
      TaijiQuan (Huang, 5 loosenings)
    8. Re:What a crock by JAlexoi · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Nope. Actually fixed term copyrights are the best countermeasure against "incentive for movie producers to kill you so they can use your work for free".
      If the copyright is fixed at 70 years after publication, then nobody cares you are alive or dead. If the copyright is your life + 70 years, then there is a higher incentive to kill you to get the work in the public domain ASAP.
      BTW this extreme privileges that writers, singers and actors get. Painters and sculpturers never had those, and are now fighting to have a cut of their work's re-sales.

    9. Re:What a crock by TheLink · · Score: 3, Insightful

      > those reasons are basically the only ones that hold at all for having copyright extended after the death of an author

      There's another reason: if copyrights ended on the death of an author, authors might somehow end up having lower lifespans than average.

      Having it author's death + 25 at least makes them wait a bit longer...

      Fixed term from creation date is better of course - decouples the death from the copyright.

      --
  5. Ah, greed by derGoldstein · · Score: 5, Funny

    Mr. Lellenberg said that Sherlock Holmes remains under copyright protection in the United States through 2023, and that any new properties involving the detective “definitely should” be licensed by the Conan Doyle estate. Asked about a recent Red Bull television commercial that features a cartoon Holmes and Watson, Mr. Lellenberg said he had not seen it. “Very interesting,” he said. “News to me.”

    He then twirled his mustache, petted the Persian cat on his lap, raised an eyebrow, tilted his head, rubbed his hands together, and said: "release the lawyers!"

    --
    Entomologically speaking, the spider is not a bug, it's a feature.
  6. So much for public domain... by Manip · · Score: 5, Interesting

    So you create copyright works in country A, and when that expires you then renew your copyright in country B? After that expires will they just transfer it yet again to another country and extend it yet again? Since all of these countries have [evil] trade treaties copyright in one is copyright in all....

    Copyright is seriously out of control and I point the finger squarely at the US for creating this greedy flawed system...

    1. Re:So much for public domain... by Psaakyrn · · Score: 3, Informative

      Funny, cause the Berne Convention came first (in the sense of copyrights lasting longer than the author).

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berne_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Literary_and_Artistic_Works

  7. where does the 2023 date come from? by Trepidity · · Score: 5, Interesting

    The article doesn't explain precisely why it's still under copyright, except that it was renewed in 1981 after falling into the public domain, as permitted by the Copyright Act of 1976. But why hasn't it fallen back into the public domain again? Looking through this chart, I can't find any combination of circumstances that would allow an 1887 work, whose author died in 1930, to remain in copyright until 2023.

    1. Re:where does the 2023 date come from? by Pretzalzz · · Score: 4, Informative

      The last sherlock holmes story was published in 1927 which would theoretically last under copyright until 2023. But the majority of the stories are pre-1920 and presumably public domain. The post-1923 are also considered the worst according to wikipedia. But mostly in the bookstore you see a large compilation of Sherlock Holmes with every story. To publish every story you'd need to pay a royalty for the 5% still under copyright. The estate charges an inflated amount for this 5% and the publisher pays it since he is spreading the cost over the stories that he doesn't have to strictly pay for.

    2. Re:where does the 2023 date come from? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      120 years.

      One. Hundred. And. Twenty. Fucking. Years.

      That's just obscene.

    3. Re:where does the 2023 date come from? by vrai · · Score: 5, Funny

      But as an author, if I can't receive remuneration for a work I didn't publish 119 years ago, what's my incentive to continue to write unpublished material? People like you would have us live in an age denuded of ancient, unpublished authors!

    4. Re:where does the 2023 date come from? by Dracul · · Score: 4, Interesting

      And consequently (particularly for those making movies) the key characters and associated details remain protected, preventing their use by others. This allows particularly devious estates the option of commissioning new stories with the same characters so as to create all new copyrights for the future (remembering that the plots of stories are not as well protected as the elaborate details that bring them to life).

    5. Re:where does the 2023 date come from? by Donkey_Hotey · · Score: 3, Insightful

      And they say there's no need for a "-1: Obnoxious, Overbearing, and Clueless" moderation...

      --
      (There is supposed to be a Sarcmark® here, but my $1.99 check hasn't cleared, yet...)
    6. Re:where does the 2023 date come from? by icebraining · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Yes, poor Conan Doyle. If we don't extend the copyright even further, he could die from starvation! Oh, wait...

  8. "Sherlock Holmes was the Conan Doyle family curse" by lordlod · · Score: 3, Funny

    The Conan Doyle family would like your pity.

    They were forced to obtain and maintain the copyright on the Sherlock Holmes stories. It's so terribly hard managing all those bank accounts.

    In fact, Jean Conan Doyle said that "Sherlock Holmes was the Conan Doyle family curse."

    I certainly feel something for the family now.

  9. Time to revert back to the 1790-1922 laws by mykos · · Score: 5, Insightful

    If IP owners are going to be such absolute children about this, maybe we should revert back to the old law.

    It was once legally agreed upon that 14+14 years was an adequate amount of time to commercially exploit your copyright. With today's digital distribution and rapid-fire publishing houses, does it really need to be a HUNDRED years?

    1. Re:Time to revert back to the 1790-1922 laws by jecblackpepper · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Of course the copyright holders want a long copyright not so much so that they can earn money from older works, but to prevent them becoming public domain and diluting the market for new works that they produce. If copyright were 25 years, then all the films, books, music and TV from before 1985 would be available for everyone. I would think that quite a lot of people would be completely happy to spend their leisure time with just that material - it is still within cultural relevance for most people; whereas century old material is of much less cultural relevance, except for the really great classics.

  10. Unspeakable Evil... by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 3, Funny

    Wasn't Professor Moriarty put in charge of the U.S. Patent Office?

  11. "Really, sir?" by Anachragnome · · Score: 3, Funny

    "Yes, really, Watson. I'm sure the Traveler will allow us the use of his machine."

    "Is there no other way, sir? This seems most excessive..." Watson trailed off, fully aware of the futility in trying to sway Holmes from his conviction. Perhaps Holmes is right. Nip this in the bud while the opportunity still remained.

    "Sir, how do you suggest we approach this matter? Surely you cannot expect to drop in from a century in the future and expect tea and scones? The matter of that rather scary looking contraption you wish to employ needs to be addressed as well, sir."

    "Quite simple, Watson. I intend that we should mount this "contraption", as you put it, and set the controls to precisely 19 feet in elevation, the corner of Glasshouse and Regent, on the morning of August 16 in the year 1974. Then return." Holmes removed his spectacles and gave them a quick rubbing with the bottom edge of his smoking vest, closely watching Watson from the corner of his eye. The smoke from his pipe cloaked his gaze from Watson.

    Watson's eyes glazed slightly as he took in what Holmes had just said. Then they widened. Then they widened more.

    "You cannot be serious, sir! You mean to crush Ms. Nina under that contraption?" Watson said, his astonishment tinged with an obvious air of distaste. "Sir, I implore you. Have we really come to this? Time traveling assassins?"

    Holmes, more tired then he had ever been in his life, gave Watson a sad, almost regretful smile. "If we are ever to live the life Arthur intended, to solve the riddles that require solving, to live up to our potential, she must die. Then all will be right in the world of Sir Doyle."

    Watson, always the one to find some solace in the worst of circumstances, flashed Holmes a quick grin of highly polished teeth. "Can I bring a camera?"

  12. Re:Think like a politician by El_Muerte_TDS · · Score: 5, Insightful

    If copyright is extended jobs are lost. You don't need to hire people to create new stuff because you can still earn money from the ancient stuff.

  13. Re:Think like a politician by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 4, Insightful

    If you extend copyright: Some number of jobs (thousands, tens of thousands?) saved.

    What jobs? Once the work is created, the author, strictly speaking, doesn't have a job, unless he starts working on a new one.

    Or did you mean lawyers and accountants?

  14. No shit, Sherlock? by flyingfsck · · Score: 4, Funny

    That Americanism says it all...

    --
    Excuse me, but please get off my Pennisetum Clandestinum, eh!
  15. Re:i don't understand by Jiro · · Score: 4, Informative

    Because this is a typical kdawson article, that in this case picked a New York Times article that was itself also clueless.

    Most Holmes stories were published prior to 1923 and are in public domain in the US. The remaining stories are copyrighted, but if you don't use any elements from those copyrighted stories you should be fine, and since they are only a few at the end, it really isn't all that hard not to use anything from those stories. To say that Sherlock Holmes is copyrighted until 2023 is a little misleading--if you want to use material covering his entire Doyle career (his last Doyle story was 1927), then you have to wait until 2023, but you generally won't need to.

  16. Re:i don't understand by JAlexoi · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Or stay the fuck away from the US market. I pray to god, for you guys to have a revolution, since you are being fucked over by all of that "new royalty".

  17. Copyright laws are theft of culture. by Greymoon · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Copyrights are granted as a contract between society and the creator. Society grants protection for an artist's work for a brief time, in return society becomes the benefactor of these works once copyrights elapse. Failure to release works to public domain and instituting new copyright laws to lengthen copyright duration violate this contract, in effect theft of culture. Copyrights - 7 years. Patents - 10 years. Anything more is stealing your culture.

  18. You can't copyright a character. by CrimsonAvenger · · Score: 5, Informative

    You can Trademark a character, but you can't Copyright him.
    You can Copyright "The Hound of the Baskervilles" (which is in the Public Domain), but "Sherlock Holmes" isn't Copyrightable.

    Note that much of the Holmes canon is in the Public Domain, since it was originally published in the 19th century. There are only a few Conan Doyle stories (and a great many movies and Holmes stories by other authors) that were Copyrighted late enough to still be under Copyright.

    Note also that owning the Trademark for Holmes allows one to play goalkeeper for anyone who wants to do an original Holmes work (and extract money in the process), but it doesn't actually allow one to control the republishing of the original Holmes stories from the 19th Century.

    --

    "I do not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it"
  19. Re:Get rid of copyright by Andorin · · Score: 3, Informative

    You do understand that Creative Commons licenses are legally based on the very same copyright you want to get rid of, right?

    --
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