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Univ. Help Desk Staffer Extorts Over Copyright Violations

McGruber writes "The Atlanta fishwrap is reporting that an University of Georgia 'IT security support' employee was accusing students of copyright violations, then demanding money to clear their names. Sounds like he's been caught stealing the RIAA business model."

52 of 153 comments (clear)

  1. What are you doing here? by LostCluster · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Seems like universities don't understand who's paying the bills... this job shouldn't have existed in the first place. Nobody from the school should be in the business of making copyright accusations. That's the RIAA's job, and they're doing a heck of a job.

    1. Re:What are you doing here? by russotto · · Score: 5, Informative

      Mods on crack as usual. GP (modded "Troll") is correct (according to the article, anyway) and parent (modded "Informative") is wrong.

      Dehelean was employed in IT security support, according to police. He reportedly was in charge of monitoring illegal music downloads on university computers.

    2. Re:What are you doing here? by kkwst2 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Not sure who's on crack, but I disagree with you. His job from your quote was monitoring, which says nothing about "making copyright accusations" and certainly not extorting the students. So the GP (your parent) is more correct in my book.

      The GGP seems to think that just because the students are paying tuition that the university should just turn a blind eye to illegal activity on their network? That just doesn't make sense. Whether or not you think it should be illegal is another thing, but the school certainly has every right to monitor their networks.

    3. Re:What are you doing here? by Runaway1956 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      "but the school certainly has every right to monitor their networks."

      I disagree - strongly. The school is NOT supposed to be a police force, period. The ONLY things a campus should police is the physical safety of it's staff, students, and visitors. No school should attempt to be the moral enforcement arm of government, or of corporate America. I find it offensive to think that some schools aid and abet the extortion racket that RIAA engages in.

      --
      "Windows is like the faint smell of piss in a subway: it's there, and there's nothing you can do about it." - Charlie Br
    4. Re:What are you doing here? by tkohler · · Score: 4, Insightful

      TFA says the position was to monitor "University Computers". The university DOES have a right and obligation to keep their own computers (I assume this means office workers, staff, labs and etc.) free of "illegal" downloads, especially since the RIAA would likely see the university as a deep pocket, not to mention viruses, malware and other costly IT problems. I agree with your point for student-owned computers, even using the university network.

    5. Re:What are you doing here? by ottothecow · · Score: 4, Interesting
      Yeah, his job only existed because they received so many RIAA requests that they needed a full time person to handle them...what a waste of money.

      For those who don't know...the setup with academic institutions (maybe tied to some payment/government funds/agreement) is that all the RIAA has to do is send them a letter with the IP and content. The school will then go and find the kid and give them some sort of a slap on the wrist and tell them not to do it again. At my university, they kicked you off the network until you talked to the assistant dean of students. First offense was a slap on the wrist (delivered with the apathetic "yeah...we have to do this...its wrong...don't do it again" that you would expect). Second offense was a $2000 fine. Third offense was unclear but involved a disciplinary hearing...doubt anyone ever got past the second offense.

      Compare this to how it works with a normal ISP: RIAA sends a letter with IP and content, ISP says "wtf is this?", RIAA says "we want their info", ISP says "as soon as you have a court order". ISP's have a bottom line to worry about and aren't going to pay someone to do what universities do (and their service agreements probably prevent it) and they are not going to turn over customer information without a subpoena (well...in theory). At the same time, the RIAA is not going to waste lawyer dollars getting a subpoena for every single infringer. It is much easier to spend the lawyer dollars writing letters to offenders with IP's in an academic institutions block--it kicks off one filesharer and scares them and their friends into being more careful in the future since they know that someone can see what they are doing.

      --
      Bottles.
    6. Re:What are you doing here? by dirtyJay · · Score: 4, Informative

      I work on a campus as well, and we do pretty much the same thing. It's not our job to police the students systems, if they want to steal crap virus infected music that's okay with me. But when they do it over our network there's hell to pay. We currently use a 3 strikes policy, we look for specific protocols, not data itself, and if we detect torrent or generic p2p traffic we disable their internet access. Once that happens they need to go to the student IT office to have their systems checked out and any offending apps removed. We always give them the choice not to remove the apps, but we wont allow them on our network until removal is verified. On the 3rd offense they need to set up a meeting with the dean of students to have their access restored. Very rarely does it get this far. On another front, if we detect that type of activity on a staff system they're reprimanded and educated about the risks associated, then fired on the spot if it happens again. We don't do this because of any extortion attempts by the RIAA, for us its purely a security and bandwidth based decision.

    7. Re:What are you doing here? by ottothecow · · Score: 4, Insightful
      Wow guys...seems kind of harsh. Detecting bittorrent or generic p2p equals an access ban? Are you sure you are a regular /. poster and not a clueless manager?

      My school did NOT do this. My school did nothing at all unless they recieved a DMCA notice from a content owner. I believe my school even maintained a page with instructions on how to disable content uploading in popular programs like limewire. No administrator of an academic network in their right mind would disable any port/protocol...college students get really uppity on things like freedom of speech and computer science students get really angry when they can't pull down legit linux ISO torrents (and lets not forget about the wow players who need their updates).

      You should only be disabling access after a confirmed infraction. My school took the DMCA notice and compared it to their logs before taking any action...and yes, there were occasions where they determined that it was an incorrect notice and the user could not have caused the infraction.

      --
      Bottles.
    8. Re:What are you doing here? by ottothecow · · Score: 2, Insightful
      Except for the fact that for a residential university, you are acting as an ISP. Why not do like everyone else and require a firewall to join the network and be done? Security on a personal computer is the student's problem...not yours (even though they will want your help when something goes wrong). As for the extra traffic...Academic institutions usually get fat pipes at favorable rates and your students are definitely paying for access...if comcast can still offer a neutral pipe for $60 a month...why can't you?

      Don't you have computer science students/professors or anyone else who might be interested in investigating new technologies that rely on p2p? As for the code of conduct...if they sign a code of conduct that says they won't pirate stuff (or face the consequences), then you should either hold them to that code of conduct and allow unfettered access or trash the code and enforce. This is the ivory tower--there should be freedom.

      What I would imagine is going on instead, is anyone smart enough (or with savvy friends) has figured out a bunch of workarounds and everyone else is just getting screwed. Glad I didn't go to school wherever you are.

      --
      Bottles.
    9. Re:What are you doing here? by phillipsjk256 · · Score: 2, Informative

      But.. P2P protocols have significant non-infringing uses. The IP protocol itself is P2P. Filtering on protocol is stupid IMO. Do you block gopher, FTP and Usenet as well?

    10. Re:What are you doing here? by ottothecow · · Score: 2, Informative
      You are missing the point of my original post however which points out that university students typically do not get sued.

      It is an odd balance because people on a university network are far less likely to get sued but at the same time far more likely to receive some sort of punishment for their infringement (and its still only uploading that you get busted for). It is much easier for the RIAA to pick up a university IP and send a letter but the punishment is far less severe than a lawsuit.

      --
      Bottles.
    11. Re:What are you doing here? by Mr.+Freeman · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The university has no obligation to do a god damned thing with their computers. Sure, they might want to keep it free of certain stuff, but there's no obligation to. What the RIAA says the university should be responsible for and what they're actually responsible for are two separate things.

      --
      -1 disagree is not a modifier for a reason. -1 troll, flaimbait, redundant, overrated are NOT acceptable substitutes.
  2. It should have been patented! by biryokumaru · · Score: 4, Funny

    This is why we need business method patents!

    --
    When you're afraid to download music illegally in your own home, then the terrorists have won!
    1. Re:It should have been patented! by Wowsers · · Score: 4, Informative

      This is why we need business method patents!

      The Mafia would have prior art claims over the RIAA and MPAA.

      --
      Take Nobody's Word For It.
    2. Re:It should have been patented! by zill · · Score: 5, Funny

      This is why we need business method patents!

      The Mafia would have prior art claims over the RIAA and MPAA.

      I thought "Mafia" was just Italian for RIAA?

    3. Re:It should have been patented! by ClarifyAmbiguity · · Score: 4, Insightful

      This is why we need business method patents!

      The Mafia would have prior art claims over the RIAA and MPAA.

      And the government would have prior art claims over the Mafia!

    4. Re:It should have been patented! by Weaselmancer · · Score: 4, Funny

      This is why we need business method patents!

      The Mafia would have prior art claims over the RIAA and MPAA.

      And the government would have prior art claims over the Mafia!

      I think the prostitutes are eventually going to win this argument.

      --
      Weaselmancer
      rediculous.
  3. University Legal Services? by LostCluster · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I don't know about UGA, but when I went to college all students were covered with free lawyers and lawyers-in-training from the law school on campus for any dispute that didn't involve the university. They helped me fight off an MPAA attack when they didn't like my posting on Slashdot.

    It should be a selling point to students that they'll be okay if they just need a little help by proving they did nothing wrong. Again, what side is UGA on here?

    1. Re:University Legal Services? by SnapShot · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Sounds interesting, is there a story behind that? What did you post on /. that got the MPAA's panties in a bunch?

      --
      Waltz, nymph, for quick jigs vex Bud.
    2. Re:University Legal Services? by Xest · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Yes, I'm intrigued to know too as it implies that Slashdot possibly handed over his details in response to a complaint from the MPAA.

    3. Re:University Legal Services? by Daniel+Dvorkin · · Score: 4, Insightful

      My guess is that the university hired this guy to avoid having to provide legal aid to students -- i.e., catch them before the RIAA does and handle the matter internally. It would be nice if they took a hard line in defense of students' rights instead, but you can't necessarily expect them to do that. It seems like universities' responses to the RIAA's anti-student campaign have been all over the map. A few do defend their students to the end, more actively collaborate with the RIAA, and most are somewhere in the middle. State schools are in a particular bind, of course, since (a) most of them are having serious financial problems these days, and (b) they depend for much of their budgets on easily-bought state legislators.

      --
      The correlation between ignorance of statistics and using "correlation is not causation" as an argument is close to 1.
    4. Re:University Legal Services? by Bagels · · Score: 3, Interesting
      ...or that it was publicly available from his account (in the form of email address or homepage link) at the time.

      I think I remember Slashdot being forced to turn over details in a Scientology case, but I don't remember any others.

      --
      --- Bwah?
    5. Re:University Legal Services? by Gilmoure · · Score: 4, Funny

      Children, there's a time and a place for everything. It's called college.

      --Chef

      --
      I drank what? -- Socrates
    6. Re:University Legal Services? by Pharmboy · · Score: 3, Insightful

      ?It should be a selling point to students that they'll be okay if they just need a little help by proving they did nothing wrong.

      The fact that the burden of proof is on the students to begin with shows how fucked up the system is.

      --
      Tequila: It's not just for breakfast anymore!
    7. Re:University Legal Services? by spartacus_prime · · Score: 2, Funny

      No, people go to business school to engage in illegal activities.

      --
      If you can read this, it means that I bothered to log in.
    8. Re:University Legal Services? by calibre-not-output · · Score: 3, Interesting

      The thing is, they don't have to prove they did nothing wrong. They just have to prove that the accusation's "proof" that they did something wrong is bull. The wonders of our legal system: innocent until proven guilty, much to the dismay of patent and copyright trolls everywhere.

      --
      Nothing lasts forever but the certainty of change.
    9. Re:University Legal Services? by eleuthero · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Legally, yes. Should the law have existed, no. Just because Rosa Parks was used as a banner for a movement that needed to happen does not mean that her individual crime was good. The law must be upheld or we have chaos (I know, some of you would like this). I am glad that there is now greater equality between people (largely as a result of citizens acting within the law rather than, as with Rosa Parks, against it, however unjust - lawful assemblies, petitions, freedom marches, etc. - and even some of these were assaulted, though this was usually outside the law).

      Are there times when breaking the law is appropriate? Definitely - but over music or which seat/not-seat you are going to be on in a bus? I think not. If it is a matter of life or death (for instance with those who are oppressed in China, then breaking the law, which will have consequences, strikes me as appropriate).

      And yes, sadly I don't match my own standard, but we have to start somewhere.

    10. Re:University Legal Services? by MiniMike · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Are you equating the battle for equal civil rights to allowing people to freely download songs they don't want to pay for? Really?

    11. Re:University Legal Services? by LostCluster · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Here's the short version of the story.

      The MPAA tried to hit every IT program in the nation with a "if you didn't pay for it, you stole it" presentation. Word of this spread through /., so everyone saw it coming. Nearly everybody in the class walked out when the MPAA's presenter entered the room... she wanted to cancel the presentation when they saw just me left, but I told the professor I'd demand a refund for the skipped class if he didn't present something, so the MPAA lady went through the script.

      Then, it was time for questions. And I attacked the DVDCCA (DVD Copy Control Authority) by asking where they came from, who owned them, and who pays to keeps the lights on in their office. She nicely backed up in her presentation to show that they were paid for by the makers of DVD players, and they had to pay dues to this organization or you won't be able to play new DVD releases.

      Mentioned this on /. and then it just happens that my school's law program was also interested in this. Here was the theory... the DVDCCA had become an illegal cartel. DVD makers were being blackmailed to maintain compatibility, but they weren't the people gaining any benefit. There they go...

      And their first defense was to attack me. They tried to discredit me on /. but what they ended up doing was exposing their arguments to the world, and were being shot down by law students who knew more than me.

      So their next tactic was to offer me money to go away. I had a number in my head, but it was off by more than an order of magnitude from what they offered, so no deal.

      At this point, /. turned over my IP address and the university was tricked into giving away my phone number. They sent the team doing the MPAA movie downloader shakedowns to me. I was smart enough to not tell them how much I had for a long while, and then I called University Legal Services.

      I was connected with law professors at the university's law school and only had to tell them what I had done privately because they had already read and interacted with me on /. and knew the public writings of themselves, other /. users, and me.

      They gave me the key... tell the "collectors" after three calls that they were harassing me, then hide behind the University Legal Service's representation. They were flustered... I was basically inviting the lawsuit, and everybody involved was sure I'd win. Their handbook didn't cover that situation.

      So... now they've got a problem. We were dropping the c-word ("cartel") all over /. and they had no defense because they were guilty as charged on that. For a few days, it was thought that the DVDCCA would go bankrupt leading Hollywood to have to chose between unencrypted movies, or no further releases until a legal scheme could be thought up.

      Just in time... they solved their part of the puzzle. If the MPAA member studies wanted copy protection, they'd have to pay for it themselves. The DVDCCA started collecting a fee on each disc that used their technology, and argued that publishers would pass that extra dollar and change on to customers, and the $19.99 price would be replaced by $22.99 thanks to me. Um, that never happened!

      So, in the end I discovered something that the MPAA didn't like, and their first reaction was to accuse me of downloading I never did. When their proof on that came up empty, they then addressed the original problem.

    12. Re:University Legal Services? by Sir_Lewk · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I am not equating, merely comparing. I do not believe that breaking unjust laws is unethical, regardless of magnitude.

      --
      "linux is just DOS with a UNIX like syntax" -- Galactic Dominator (944134)
    13. Re:University Legal Services? by LostCluster · · Score: 4, Informative

      If you know somebody who has Lexis-Nexis access, the article written by the Syracuse Post-Standard is there and that article went national via the AP. Slashdot picked up that story, but trying to find something from 2002 is nearly impossible these days.

  4. Aaaah, the double standard. by Oxford_Comma_Lover · · Score: 3, Interesting

    If you own the content and threaten to sue, it's good business. If you don't own the content and threaten to help someone sue, it's extortion.

    The blackmail is despicable. But the whitemail is hardly pristine.

    --
    -- IANAL, this isn't legal advice, and definitely isn't legal advice for you. Also, Squee!
    1. Re:Aaaah, the double standard. by RulerOf · · Score: 2, Funny

      How can someone possibly "hold copyright on the media"?

      Blu-Ray, anyone?

      --
      Boot Windows, Linux, and ESX over the network for free.
  5. Isn't about RIAA/copyright, is social engineering by NevarMore · · Score: 5, Interesting

    This is actually a pretty common scam.

    1. Find something that the target group is aware of that "threatens" them
    2. Build up a cover that you are in a position to make that happen to them sooner
    3. Claim you can make it go away for $$$. Enough so you make some money, but low enough that the target can scrounge it up.
    3. ALTERNATE Pretend to be on the targets side. Say you can call a guy and do them a favor and be all sly and help a brother out for a few bucks compared to massive fines or legal action.
    4. Cover your tracks and don't get too greedy and be ready to drop and run. This is where the guy in the article failed.
    5. Profit

  6. Re:Isn't about RIAA/copyright, is social engineeri by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

    It's called a "Protection Racket", and it's not a 'scam' as much as 'extortion'. 'Scam' would imply more fraud than demanding something under threat.

  7. There's a word for this... by Angst+Badger · · Score: 3, Interesting

    ...and I think it's "asshole". Wow, what a jerk.

    That said, this is the sort of situation that inevitably arises when violating the law. If you steal cars, and someone steals your stolen goods -- or tries to extort protection money from you, who are you going to call? A considerable proportion of organized crime exists because of this quandary. Ergo, my guess is that the lid was blown off this situation when the miscreant, probably carelessly, tried to lean on a student who wasn't actually pirating anything.

    --
    Proud member of the Weirdo-American community.
    1. Re:There's a word for this... by Ltap · · Score: 2, Interesting

      This is known as a Mexican Standoff - when two groups who are in trouble with the law, and neither group is able to turn the other in without incriminating/exposing themselves. The idea of police reducing sentences for people who provide evidence was designed to stop this; people then have a better chance of being able to turn in fellow criminals and not suffer as much as they would be if they had been turned in. The problem is that no "solution" to this problem is perfect, and there are endless Game Theory-esque permutations that arose when people tried to find one.

      --
      Yet Another Tech Blog
      (but so much more, including game and movie reviews)
      http://yanteb.peasantoid.org
  8. Local copy by richwmn · · Score: 4, Informative

    Article in the Athens (home of UGa) paper -- http://onlineathens.com/stories/020310/uga_558085836.shtml.

  9. Re:"a" not "an" :) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    Here is *a* useful article:

    http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/540/01/

  10. The rotten apple in the bag by Logibeara · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Can anyone name a carreer field where corruption hasn't existed? Seems like there's always at least one guy(or girl) figuring out if it's profitable or not.

    --
    I'd rather search for the answers than just ask the questions.
  11. Re:Isn't about RIAA/copyright, is social engineeri by berashith · · Score: 4, Funny

    That sure is a mighty fine music and movie collection you have downloaded. Sure would be a shame if something were to happen to it.

  12. There's nothing wrong with protecting ones rights by JSBiff · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I'm really sick of all the idiots on the Internet who really see no difference between someone protecting the legal rights granted to them by Congress (who received a mandate [or if mandate is too strong a word, at least explicit permission] to do so directly from the Constitution), and some idiot who has no right to ask you for money.

    Now, I know someone is going to bring up an argument that RIAA are a bunch of rent-seeking squatters who screw the artists, and it should be the artists who hold the copyrights, not RIAA which is a third party, so how is the RIAA any different from the guy in this article? Here's the simple truth: the difference is that the artists agreed to the terms offered to them by the RIAA member labels, and received compensation. Now, I'm no fan of the RIAA. I think the best thing that could happen to music would be for a few other labels to arise that truly compete with the RIAA (both competing to sign artists with more favorable terms, and competing to sell the products to customers with more favorable terms), but the fact remains that the artists signed away their copyrights and accepted the money. Even though they may have been in a position where they didn't think they could get better terms from any other labels, ultimately they are adults who voluntarily accepted those terms, and made a business deal, and the RIAA has done nothing illegal. The copyright statutes allow for the transfer of copyright.

    So long as the RIAA-members have legally obtained their copyrights, they are well within their legal rights. If you don't like the way the copyright laws currently exist, then you need to work hard to get them changed. But, it's easier to just violate copyright law than to actually effect change (either by getting a popular movement started to change copyright and convince people that the changes are just and necessary, OR by starting up some competition and letting the Free Market solve the problem - both of which are hard work), so people take the lazy way out. They just make illegal copies, and blame everybody else.

  13. Copyright Paranoia by ari_j · · Score: 4, Interesting

    In a related issue, I recently had an eBay listing pulled, stating that a copyright holder had ordered it to be taken down for violating their copyright. It was in fact an original, unopened DVD package (not salable through Half.com). Not an unlawful copy, and explicitly allowed by the first-sale doctrine, which is part of US copyright law. I contacted eBay and they gave me an e-mail address to contact the "Verified Rights Owner (VeRO)", who has an agreement with eBay that requires them not to abuse their power to take down listings.

    In this case, the VeRO is well-known for taking down legitimate listings in order to ensure that nobody buys their product second-hand. The VeRO, of course, has zero incentive to do any investigation into whether they were incorrect, since (a) they already got their cookies by eliminating a market competitor and (b) eBay will not do anything about it if they were wrong. In my case, the VeRO contact person actually bragged to me about taking down "hundreds of listings every day."

    I've heard of similar stories involving other VeROs. The best part is that you can't relist the item safely, since it'll get taken down again and eBay will be happy to revoke your account if you have a couple of strikes for "copyright violation." It's a really crummy deal, but it's part of the copyright idiocy that we live with today. If you run a used bookstore or music store, I hope you have a good insurance policy and a lawyer on retainer. Someone is going to come in with the torches any day to make sure that people only buy new copies of their content. If we could do this to make other consumer goods more rapidly consumed, we'd be a step closer to a Brave New World.

  14. Re:Isn't about RIAA/copyright, is social engineeri by Alwin+Henseler · · Score: 2, Funny

    Do I read this correctly, you're threathening the Anonymous Coward?

  15. Question About Universities' Position on Copyright by dragmar · · Score: 4, Interesting

    If there is a position at a University created to monitor copyright violations, are they not acknowledging a copyright violation on their network is their responsibility and if violated can now be held accountable? (Please forgive my English, its my primary language)

  16. Re:There's nothing wrong with protecting ones righ by JerryLove · · Score: 5, Insightful

    And if the RIAA were practicing due dilligence to avoid accusing the innocent, and if the RIAA were making sure to only persue copyrights it actually owns, and if the RIAA were behaving legally and ethically in its investigation, and if the RIAA was attempting a good-faith protection of copyright (they seem to just see this as a revenue stream), and if the penalties were sane, then I would agree with you.

    I support copyright, though I oppose that it's been extended to a century or more here in the US. I oppose piracy when there are good legitemate alternatives. That's a far cry from supporting an organization that takes exorbitant money from the innocent because it can.

  17. Re:Isn't about RIAA/copyright, is social engineeri by camperdave · · Score: 3, Funny

    Do I read this correctly, you're threathening the Anonymous Coward?

    What, like he's going to threaten the Anonymous Hero?

    --
    When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
  18. Re:Evidence??? by PuckstopperGA · · Score: 3, Informative

    Police set up a sting operation and had a plain clothes officer meet the employee who demanded the money.

  19. Re:I want that job by PuckstopperGA · · Score: 2, Informative

    I work at UGA. While I didn't know this guy, I do know he did a lot of work in campus-wide anti-virus. So his job was a lot more than just e-mailing students who sparked a DMCA letter.

  20. Re:I want that job by millia · · Score: 2, Informative

    Well, he did have another job function that I know of, but they didn't mention it in the article.

    Always fun when you see your place of employment in a newspaper article.

    --
    stored on computers from birth to the grave
  21. Re:Isn't about RIAA/copyright, is social engineeri by fibrewire · · Score: 2, Interesting

    THIS particular system is protected by the law - the college has no case against Dehelean

    Don't believe me? Look at http://www.bsa.org/

  22. Re:There's nothing wrong with protecting ones righ by jimicus · · Score: 2, Insightful

    So long as the RIAA-members have legally obtained their copyrights, they are well within their legal rights. If you don't like the way the copyright laws currently exist

    To be fair, I think there are a number of issues at stake here:

    • How fairly were those rights obtained? We live in a much more complicated society today than in the mid 18th century, and the extent to which a small number of organisations have systematically set themselves up to screw the very people upon whose output they depend and yet continue to get away with it was probably never dreamed of. If there was real competition, a record label could openly embrace a "Do no evil" policy and promptly swallow up the rights to every new, interesting artist for years to come. As it stands, the only record labels to have such policies are by and large minute - and certainly won't be getting anyone to number 1 soon.
    • Is the purpose of copyrights to encourage the arts or to encourage idleness? If the former, why is it necessary for them to continue for decades after the artist dies? There's a whole industry dedicated to providing for your loved ones if you die suddenly - it's called life insurance. Did that industry not exist back then? (Serious question, it may not have done)