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Grounded Russian Nuclear Sub Photographed With Sonar

Lanxon sends in an intriguing piece from Wired: "This eerie wreck image is not computer-generated. It's the sonar image of Russian nuclear submarine B-159 (called K-159 before decommissioning), which has been lying 248m down in the Barents Sea, between Norway and Russia, since 2003. The Russian Federation hired Adus, a Scottish company that specializes in high-resolution sonar surveying, to evaluate if it would be possible to recover the wreck. 'The operation was complicated as the submarine was very deep, so we had to use the sonar equipment mounted on a remotely operated vehicle' [also pictured in the article], says Martin Dean, the managing director of Adus and a forensic-wreck archaeologist. 'We also had a problem with the surveying due to the density of North Atlantic cod attracted to the sound of the sonar and the light of the cameras.'"

37 of 143 comments (clear)

  1. Pardon my pedanticism... by Spykk · · Score: 4, Insightful

    This eerie wreck image is not computer generated.

    You don't have to use 3d studio max to generate an image with a computer. I would suggest that this image is in fact generated by a computer. It's just generated from sonar data instead of an artists interpretation.

    1. Re:Pardon my pedanticism... by Droideka-TheGuy · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I'd say most webcam photos are generated from boredom actually. Or stupidity, if one looks too long on facebook.

    2. Re:Pardon my pedanticism... by lennier1 · · Score: 3, Funny

      I doubt sunk submarines are that active on Chatroulette.

    3. Re:Pardon my pedanticism... by SheeEttin · · Score: 4, Insightful

      That's your only problem? What about using the term "photograph" with sonar? Shouldn't it be a sonograph?
      (Also, the term "computer-generated" doesn't apply to the image itself, but the content. By your definition, even your digital camera takes computer-generated pictures. ;) )

    4. Re:Pardon my pedanticism... by forkazoo · · Score: 5, Insightful

      You don't have to use 3d studio max to generate an image with a computer. I would suggest that this image is in fact generated by a computer. It's just generated from sonar data instead of an artists interpretation.

      Yeah, that's kind of a canonical example of a computer generated image. They had a bunch of sonar data which was put through an algorithm which resulted in a picture. People don't really seem to care what words mean anymore. It's a shame. Or, maybe it's a pancake. Doesn't make any difference to most people.

    5. Re:Pardon my pedanticism... by gig · · Score: 3, Funny

      Yeah, not using "sonographed" is the bigger mistake.

    6. Re:Pardon my pedanticism... by Jurily · · Score: 4, Funny

      It's a shame. Or, maybe it's a pancake. Doesn't make any difference to most people.

      I'm very apancaked that Slashdot has editors who can't read.

    7. Re:Pardon my pedanticism... by mforbes · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I disagree. The image is computer interpreted. To imply that it's computer generated is to imply that there is no physical analog of the object the image represents.

      --

      Allegedly real newspaper headline from 1998:
      Man Struck by Lightning Faces Battery Charge

    8. Re:Pardon my pedanticism... by roman_mir · · Score: 2

      Alas the product wave summarized the continuity of the repercussion and thus systematically diffused the colloquialism.

      The girth of the azimuth has perpetuated limitless capacity to burden the overcoming. Ceramic boulder caved into the singularity, which in itself lambasted in lie of the experimental sentiment profusely.

      Capricorn?

    9. Re:Pardon my pedanticism... by ultranova · · Score: 3, Informative

      Why is there no noise?

      Noise changes from moment to moment, so take several images and average them (or simply remove outliers).

      How would the software know what parts should be yellow, and what parts should be black?

      Iron is hard, while the mud at the ocean floor is soft. It produces a different kind of echo, which can be visualized by colorization.

      This is all guesswork, but that's what I'd do if I had to do a project like this.

      I guess it's too much to ask of a mainstream magazine to just give us the image, without tweaking it by hand to make it all purty.

      What image? Sonar doesn't produce an image, it produces round-trip timing and waveform shift data. That data can be turned into an image by processing with a computer or by hand, however since this image is entirely artificial to begin with it's quite arbitrary to say "process this much and no more".

      So no, they can't give you the original image, because it doesn't exist and never has. I suppose they could give you the raw sonar data, but what would you do with it, apart from turning it into an image every bit as artificial as the one in the article?

      --

      Forget magic. Any technology distinguishable from divine power is insufficiently advanced.

    10. Re:Pardon my pedanticism... by Scrameustache · · Score: 2, Informative

      I disagree. The image is computer interpreted. To imply that it's computer generated is to imply that there is no physical analog of the object the image represents.

      If you look at a CG Artist's portfolio you'll see computer generated images of stuff he had on his desk (cell phones, etc). In fact, the best looking CG uses photographs of the object and it's environment for realistic textures and lighting.

      Careful about "imply". "Imply" will lead you astray.

      --

      You can't take the sky from me...

    11. Re:Pardon my pedanticism... by drinkypoo · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I disagree. The image is computer interpreted. To imply that it's computer generated is to imply that there is no physical analog of the object the image represents.

      I disagree some more. I would argue that a computer generated image is one made by a computer from non-visual data. This fits that description perfectly. CG involves images invented from geometry and textures. Sonar images obviously processed by computer, as these are, are generated from sonar data. Either way there's no image that the image is based upon.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
  2. Re:Photograph... by Garble+Snarky · · Score: 2, Informative

    sonograph

  3. Fishies! by JesterJosh · · Score: 3, Interesting

    "We also had a problem with the surveying due to the density of north Atlantic cod attracted to the sound of the sonar and the light of the cameras. So at the beginning we had to turn off the equipment for 40 minutes and wait for the fish to go."

    Thought the sonar wasn't good for the marine life in that they would avoid it. Is this a peculiarity of cod?

    1. Re:Fishies! by lazy_playboy · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I don't understand your logic. Hot lightbulbs are bad for moths but they're still attracted to them.

    2. Re:Fishies! by mjwx · · Score: 2, Funny

      Thought the sonar wasn't good for the marine life in that they would avoid it. Is this a peculiarity of cod?

      Not really, the lazy sods are just using this as the excuse for getting the lines out and drinking for an hour on Russian government money.

      --
      Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
    3. Re:Fishies! by tokul · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Thought the sonar wasn't good for the marine life in that they would avoid it. Is this a peculiarity of cod?

      Cod are not mammals. They are stupid, don't care about sound (no echolocation gift from mother nature) and are attracted to light and disturbed ocean floor.

  4. Published April First by ildon · · Score: 2

    April first is a really unfortunate date to publish any article on the internet that isn't a joke. The whole day has basically been ruined by people taking April Fools too far.

  5. The image *is* computer generated by EnglishTim · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The image is obviously computer generated; it's just computer generated from a real dataset. (Although the dataset has been coloured to separate the sub from the sea floor and a model of the sub fitted to the data so that when rendered the sub will obscure the sea floor behind the sub)

    1. Re:The image *is* computer generated by Droideka-TheGuy · · Score: 2, Funny

      Definitely photo-shopped.

    2. Re:The image *is* computer generated by md65536 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It's also obvious that the image was rendered with a point of view different from the sonar sensor. "image is not computer generated" makes no sense at all.

    3. Re:The image *is* computer generated by treeves · · Score: 4, Funny

      Sono-shopped, you mean.

      --
      ...the future crusty old bastards are already drinking the Kool-Aid.
  6. Re:Must have been built well by Mitchell314 · · Score: 4, Funny

    Are you crazy? That sub is nothing more than a bunch of lines now.

    --
    I read TFA and all I got was this lousy cookie
  7. Re:Must have been built well by Plazmid · · Score: 4, Informative

    I don't think so, looks like there's a large gash in the ballast tanks. Besides it'd make more sense to fill it with gasoline(or attach large bags of it as is done in salvage operations), which is incompressible and doesn't expand like air as your Russian submarine, soon to be converted into floating nuclear powered datacenter, gets closer to the surface. Though, this submarine wasn't really in prime condition before it sunk(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_submarine_K-159)....

  8. Re:Must have been built well by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    Probably the pressure hull kept everything ok, but according to the story, the sub went down stern first, implanted itself 8m (about 24 feet) into the seabed, then broke at the seabed, and the rest came crashing down (as you see it). You can try to pull up the part thats up (248m of water is only about 806 feet). 3 250 ton cranes could slowly winch it up (provided none of the stuff stuck in the seabed is still attached). Lifting balloons could also be attached. And while you are at it, the Kirsk is within 100km of this wreck as is S80. I understand that these are grave sites and wouldn't mind treating them that way, but its that pesky nuclear poison that will slowly kill everything within 1000 km that causes problems.

  9. Re:Must have been built well by reverseengineer · · Score: 2, Informative

    The Wikipedia page for the K-159 submarine includes a picture of how it looked right before its sinking. (The sub in the picture faces the opposite direction as on the sonar image, so it is difficult to get an idea of the damage sustained in the sinking.) While on its final voyage, it was kept afloat with pontoons, which evidently are no longer with the sub. According to this article from 2007, one of the sources for the wiki article, the sub was crumbling at the end of its operational lifetime, and it may have had the hatches open at the time of sinking. So it will be a challenge to raise it. Notably, that Times article discusses a recovery "next summer" from the vantage point of Jan. 2007; it obviously has yet to occur.

    --
    "FDA staff reviewers expressed concern about the number of patients who were left out of the study because they died."
  10. Glomar Explorer by theycallmeB · · Score: 4, Informative

    Too bad the Glomar Explorer has been refitted for deep sea oil drilling. The biggest problem she would have had with a wreck 248 meters down is that it might be too shallow, as the wreck Glomar Explorer was designed to go after was 4.9km down. The Russians would probably object to its use, though, given the ship's history.

    1. Re:Glomar Explorer by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The Russians would probably object to its use, though, given the ship's history.

      The political baggage of it's history would be the least of my worries, its the K-129 breaking in half during salvage and two nuclear tipped missiles sliding out of their silos and falling 2000m+ to the ocean floor that would worry me more if somebody decided to use the Glomar Explorer for another nuclear salvage job. The Glomar Explorer's record on it's single (barely) successful salvage isn't exactly confidence inspiring.

  11. Photographed with Sonar? by Ihlosi · · Score: 3, Informative
    How do you do that? Snap a picture of what your sonar screen is showing?

    If you create an image of something using sound waves, the correct term would be "sonographed". "Photographed" implies that you used light to create the image.

  12. Re:Must have been built well by OrangeCatholic · · Score: 2, Informative

    >and yeah that might just be how it looks

    Correct. Try R'ing T one-page FA. The back 8m is snapped off. That's the part they didn't show.

  13. deep ? by giampy · · Score: 4, Informative

    I really don't get how 248 m is considered "very deep". For a reference the Titanic lies at 4000m depth, and there are points in the pacific ocean where the depth is around 13000 m ...

    Maybe there is a reason why it says so, i just don't see it ...

    --
    We learn from history that we learn nothing from history - Tom Veneziano
    1. Re:deep ? by mjwx · · Score: 2, Informative

      I really don't get how 248 m is considered "very deep". For a reference the Titanic lies at 4000m depth, and there are points in the pacific ocean where the depth is around 13000 m ...

      That's what I though, WWII German submarines could go to 250 metres. I'm certain that commercially available submarines could easily reach that depth. I think the problem is not depth but area. Scanning the sea floor for anomalies at 250 M for 50 sq KM would be time consuming under ideal conditions.

      --
      Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
    2. Re:deep ? by Mindcontrolled · · Score: 4, Informative

      It's very deep in terms of sonar technology, I guess. The article talks about having to use ROV-mounted sonar equipment, so they apparently could not get good resolution reflections with a towed sonar from the ship. I suppose the thermal or haline layering of seawater creates too much diffraction at this depth to get a high-resolution sonograph from the surface.

      --
      Ubi solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant.
  14. Re:Must have been built well by Vectormatic · · Score: 5, Informative

    this one wasnt dumped because of a power plant failure.

    The k-159 did experience a primary coolant leak sometime in its operational life, but apperently it wasnt that bad of an incident, since it continued to opperate two more years before its power plant was overhauled. The incident happened in 1965, and the sub was decommisioned in 1989. After that it spent 14 years rusting away at a dock, after which it was to be towed to polyarny for scrapping. Since the 14 years of zero maintenance left it in a barely floating state, the russians welded some floating pontoons to the side, which where also only barely floating.

    During the voyage, one pontoon broke off during a storm, and the thing sank.

    I'm not saying the reactor in that thing is in perfect state, but i do think that at the time of decommision (1989), the power plant would have been fine (for soviet values of fine). The boat sank because of leaks in the hull, not a reactor failure

    --
    People, what a bunch of bastards
  15. Re:Must have been built well by Vectormatic · · Score: 2, Insightful

    wow, didnt know about s80, thanks for the pointer

    i dont really see a reason for lifting the s80 though, it might have caried two nuclear warheards (it was able to cary two ssn-3 cruise missiles, some variants of which had a nuclear tip), but since s80 already has been raised once (for the investigation of the sinking), i would think the soviets would have removed the missiles at that time. So nothing really dangerous (perhaps a few tonnes of diesel fuel) remains in the s80, best let it be.

    K-159 is a different story though, but wikipedia reports that the kursk has been raised and dismantled already.

    --
    People, what a bunch of bastards
  16. People never cared, really by Moraelin · · Score: 2, Informative

    Unfortunately there is no "anymore" there. People never cared much for using words exactly how their grandfather did. Otherwise you'd still be speaking like in Beowulf. What is nowadays the right way to read and write in modern English would have been the _awfully_ wrong way a mere couple of hundred years ago. (E.g., "knight" used to be read exactly like it's written, with a hard K, an I like in "dim", and the G and H actually pronounced. Look at the mangled way you're reading it nowadays. Tut tut.)

    Any modern language in fact consists of the typos, mis-pronunciations and funky kewl-kid ways of using words, from the ages past.

    Meanings change too. "Seelie" once meant holy or blessed, now it evolved into "silly". "Thing" once meant a session of a ruling assembly (think: your city council in session), and by extension the assembly itself. Then it evolved to mean by extension the agenda of that meeting, then a topic on that agenda, then the object that will be the topic of that discussion, then eventually just the modern meaning of "thing."

    There's your "shame" vs "pancake" right there.

    So, you know, essentially complaining about kids using words wrong compared to _your_ seelie standard, is essentially hypocritical. Unless you're also going to go, "man, look at how we mangled the beautiful language of Shakespeare. Whar is this junk I'm speaking?" ;)

    --
    A polar bear is a cartesian bear after a coordinate transform.
    1. Re:People never cared, really by NeutronCowboy · · Score: 3, Insightful

      There's a difference between making up new words and pronouncing old ones in a different way, and making up new words because your vocabulary sucks (anybody who says "defensed", I'm looking at you). One is evolution, the other is ignorance. Yes, both will always occur, but that doesn't mean we have to embrace both.

      There's value in having a consistent way of referring to things: people will actually be able to understand each other. This discussion is a nice example of how diverging meanings can hurt understanding.

      As for your example of the proper pronunciation of knight, do you mean to imply that we all should speak German? ;)

      --
      Those who can, do. Those who can't, sue.