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Mark Zuckerberg, In It To Change the World?

schmidt349 submitted a story about Zuckerberg that might fly in the face of what you've heard of the guy in the past. "Award-winning New York Times journalist David Kirkpatrick's new book The Facebook Effect presents readers with a complex view of Facebook's founder and CEO. Primed by hours of conversation and research deep into the history of the social network, Kirkpatrick reaches the conclusion that money isn't a primary motivation for Zuckerberg, 'a coder more than a CEO, a philosopher more than a businessman, a 26-year-old who has consistently avoided selling out because he sees Facebook as his way to change the world.' Kirkpatrick deftly handles the controversy surrounding Facebook's sometimes cavalier attitude toward user privacy, and the result is a much more balanced and less sensationalist account of Facebook's past, present, and future."

65 of 268 comments (clear)

  1. Well Obviously. by Adambomb · · Score: 5, Funny

    This is true of course. He wants to change the world from one in which he has less money into one in which he has more money.

    --
    Ice Cream has no bones.
    1. Re:Well Obviously. by Kenoli · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It won't be popular unless braindead retards can use it unassisted, and social networking is all about the popularity contest.

    2. Re:Well Obviously. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      am i the only person that hasn't signed up for facebook?

      No, but I wonder sometimes if communicating by email with people these days is perceived analogous to communicating by fax machine, or telegram. I *like* email dammit.

    3. Re:Well Obviously. by asukasoryu · · Score: 4, Funny

      I'm with you. I hate Facebook. I hate talking to my family, I've disowned most of the friends I've ever had, and I certainly don't want to talk to anyone from high school, my childhood, or friends of people I've had minimal contact with. If I want to interact with someone, I do it without posting details about my life on the interwebs. How can you put something on the internet and complain about privacy? Independent is the way to be.

      --
      There are more things in heaven and earth than are dreamt of in your philosophy.
    4. Re:Well Obviously. by Monkeedude1212 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      the actual application is trivial save for the scaling to millions of users...

      Exactly.

      Now, You can spout that your independant framework is the best way to go, and even if you manage to master the untrivial task of scaling to millions of users, when you get offered large sums of money for your product, lets see you not sell out.

      I may not like what Zuckerberg is doing, but I can't honestly say I wouldn't do the same were I in his position. I think a small bit of the hate directed towards him is generated by the jealousy that his product is on top.

    5. Re:Well Obviously. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      Welcome to Slashdot, you'll fit right in.

    6. Re:Well Obviously. by jalefkowit · · Score: 3, Insightful

      the actual application is trivial save for the scaling to millions of users...

      Which is a bit like saying that traveling to the Moon is trivial save for building a Saturn V rocket.

    7. Re:Well Obviously. by eln · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Getting the code to work right is not the tough part. Hell, making the code scalable to millions of users isn't even the tough part. Getting enough people to use your social network so that you reach the critical mass Facebook has is the tough part.

    8. Re:Well Obviously. by GrumblyStuff · · Score: 2, Insightful

      No, fuck off with your updates, your farmville, your "Jimmy likes this comment!", your photo-tagging, and updated ToS (now with more caveats!) and forcing default settings to the most open option.

    9. Re:Well Obviously. by Michael+Kristopeit · · Score: 2, Interesting

      granted getting the code scalable to millions or billions of users isn't "tough", but it also isn't affordable for nearly anyone.

    10. Re:Well Obviously. by aztektum · · Score: 2, Insightful

      That and the fact he is a colossal d-bag

      --
      :: aztek ::
      No sig for you!!
    11. Re:Well Obviously. by Michael+Kristopeit · · Score: 3, Insightful
      facebook is not analogous to any of the things you've listed... you really couldn't talk to your family without facebook?

      get real. you're just too lazy to make something better or easier.

    12. Re:Well Obviously. by GIL_Dude · · Score: 4, Insightful

      People who say "post something on the internet and then complain about privacy" are missing a key point: Access Controls. Facebook has them. Just like many web sites do. The problem is that Facebook has a habit of either removing or neutering certain controls and making available information that they shouldn't.

      This is similar to having a HR web site at work where people can access their own records to update emergency contact, children, addresses, etc. This site probably has lots of info on you (national ID number, etc.). Now imagine the admin of the site made a change that neutered or removed the access control list so that everyone in the company could see each other's information. Well, you posted it on the intranet so it's your fault? Not really - it is the fault of that admin. In Facebook's case it is the fault of them changing their model and changing items that had an access control list to public.

    13. Re:Well Obviously. by david_thornley · · Score: 2, Informative

      To rephrase your last phrase, social networking is all about the network effect. Facebook is useful to me because I've got friends and family on it, not because of (shudder) Mafia Wars. A social network without anybody I wanted to, um, socialize with would be useless to me.

      --
      "When you have eliminated the unacceptable, whatever is left, however improbable, must be the truthiness" - Holmes
    14. Re:Well Obviously. by severoon · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I can't help but notice--no one has mentioned diaspora yet, the open source distributed facebook replacement on the way.

      --
      but have you considered the following argument: shut up.
  2. Brave new world indeed by girlintraining · · Score: 4, Insightful

    ...who has consistently avoided selling out because he sees Facebook as his way to change the world

    Yeah, if you overlook Facebook Ads, the massive support framework for extracting personal data and giving it to third parties under the guise of 'gaming', the Beacon program, and extending the API so any website can add things to your profile through IFRAMES if you don't delete your cookies/logout. No, Mr. Zuckerberg has a very clear vision of how he intends to change the world: He recognizes the incredible value of having personal information on the majority of people connected to the internet, and he wants to capitalize on that.

    He intends to sell the information to the highest bidder, while keeping the market where these exchanges take place to himself. That's his brave new world.

    --
    #fuckbeta #iamslashdot #dicemustdie
    1. Re:Brave new world indeed by Solandri · · Score: 4, Insightful

      At its heart, all Facebook is is a way for users to verify that another user is who they claim to be. If a dozen of my friends create websites and want me (but not the general public) to have access, I don't have to create a dozen logins and passwords. I only need to make one which gives me access to all their sites. Facebook just locks you into their web site to use this "feature".

      Open Source Software could've done the same thing with public/private keys. In fact I'm still hopeful it will. My dozen friends could make websites anywhere, and by using public/private keys they could verify that it's really me visiting their site. But PGP keys never took off because the interface was clumsy and the immediate benefit (secure email) wasn't a big enough carrot. Facebook took off because it let people share photos and messages, which apparently was a big enough carrot.

      I can't for the life of me understand why people would want to have a company run by a person of dubious character as Zuckerberg in control of such a crucial interface like a universal login for the Internet.

  3. not motivated by money? by z-j-y · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Dr. Evil isn't motivated by money either, and he wants to change the world too.

    1. Re:not motivated by money? by Rogerborg · · Score: 2, Insightful

      How about Dr. Horrible? Same story--give me infinite power, and I'll make things better.

      Infinite power as a poor second choice to Felicia Day. See also: food, oxygen.

      --
      If you were blocking sigs, you wouldn't have to read this.
  4. Change HIS world. by mollog · · Score: 4, Insightful

    As parent points out, he's out to change HIS world. He might have more credibility if he hadn't stole the code, and wasn't compromising user's data, but, hey, he's got the stage so why not try a little spin on the truth.

    --
    Best regards.
    1. Re:Change HIS world. by spazdor · · Score: 2, Insightful

      That's what we're thinking about Zuckerberg.
      oh no i've said too much

      --
      DRM: Terminator crops for your mind!
    2. Re:Change HIS world. by wealthychef · · Score: 2, Insightful

      He's got the kid gloves because in order to get access to the wealthy for an interview or book material from them, you have to kiss their ass.

      --
      Currently hooked on AMP
  5. Come on... by Kensai7 · · Score: 2

    ...a philosopher?!

    --
    "Sum Ergo Cogito"
    1. Re:Come on... by Shin-LaC · · Score: 3, Funny

      I'm not surprised. If I had a million kabillion dollars, I'd hire my own scribe too.

  6. What a conveniently timed puff piece by spun · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Just when everyone is thinking "Zuckerberg, what an ass!" we get a book purporting that Zuckerberg is in fact a genius coder and philosopher. And here I thought his philosophy boiled down to "fucking idiots tell me things about themselves that I can sell." When are we going to stop this sycophantic worship of sociopaths who happen to get rich by screwing over others?

    --
    - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
    1. Re:What a conveniently timed puff piece by girlintraining · · Score: 3, Interesting

      When are we going to stop this sycophantic worship of sociopaths who happen to get rich by screwing over others?

      They aren't sociopaths. That would be a medical condition beyond their control; They have a diminished sense of right and wrong. No, what they are is far worse: They deliberately ignore social values and mores for their own profit. And this shouldn't come as a surprise. Amongst the wealthy I have learned they have a common social trait that is decidedly uncommong amongst the working class: The ability to turn charm on and off at a whim. These are people who are nice to you, and mean to the waiter. They are not nice people, and it's something they're socialized to do.

      See, the problem goes deeper than you think: A minority of this society trains its children to prey on one another. And those who work their way up from working class to the upper class are shunned for this -- because they are "new money", as in new to the game, not new to wealth.

      And you wonder why we worship these kinds of people? Easy: Because we only see what they have, not what they are. They're predators in the purest sense -- exemplifying the exact traits that allowed humans to become the dominant form of life on this planet.

      --
      #fuckbeta #iamslashdot #dicemustdie
    2. Re:What a conveniently timed puff piece by spun · · Score: 5, Insightful

      No, the traits that allowed us to become the dominant life form are cooperation, reciprocity, a sense of fairness, and intelligence. The only thing we have going for us as predators is our stamina.

      The traits you describe are sociopathic. Sociopathy does not mean you don't know right from wrong. It means you have a diminished sense of empathy and remorse, and you look at people as objects. Sociopaths know right from wrong, which is why they try to hide what they are. They just don't care.

      --
      - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
    3. Re:What a conveniently timed puff piece by spun · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Really? I'd say perhaps in the preceding five thousand years, but before that we had no walled cities, no mass graves, no weapons meant only for killing humans, no organized warfare, and very little heirarchy. Our current violent, hierarchical culture is an aberration brought about by our invention of agriculture and animal husbandry, our settling down, and subsequent inability to move on when drought and famine hit.

      --
      - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
    4. Re:What a conveniently timed puff piece by Yvanhoe · · Score: 3, Interesting

      At least they didn't say that he wants to IMPROVE the world. Just change it. I mean, Bill Gates changed the world as well. As did Sauron.

      --
      The Wise adapts himself to the world. The Fool adapts the world to himself. Therefore, all progress depends on the Fool.
    5. Re:What a conveniently timed puff piece by drewhk · · Score: 4, Interesting

      .. and poor people reproduce more than wealthy. So what?

      Also, I see that many of us underestimate cooperation. If pure selfishness would be the true way, then there would be no multicellular species -- like us. The fact that we have an imprinted idea of "justice" and we are disturbed by acts of sociopathy shows how deeply imprinted is social behavior.

    6. Re:What a conveniently timed puff piece by girlintraining · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The fact that we have an imprinted idea of "justice" and we are disturbed by acts of sociopathy shows how deeply imprinted is social behavior.

      And a small minority has always existed that manipulates that sense of justice and cooperation for its own ends. A lot of us labor under the illusion that we're equal, but we aren't, we can't be. Humans organize into hierarchial models, with most working and some directing (and profiting?) off of that work. We are cooperative in that most of us are followers, but for that to work some of us must be leaders. This playing of roles is something any individual human being can do, but few actualize that potential. And there are some groups of people that have learned to not only actualize that potential, but train others in how to occupy the leadership positions. And they don't make many babies -- because there isn't much room for competition amongst that class.

      I'm sorry to reduce human behavior to such a depressing and simple model, but you can't deny thousands of years of human evolution, which show that in almost every society wealth is concentrated amongst a small number of people.

      --
      #fuckbeta #iamslashdot #dicemustdie
    7. Re:What a conveniently timed puff piece by drewhk · · Score: 3, Insightful

      "I'm sorry to reduce human behavior to such a depressing and simple model, but you can't deny thousands of years of human evolution, which show that in almost every society wealth is concentrated amongst a small number of people."

      And you deny hundred thousands of years of human evolution, when this was not true.

      Also, proving my point, we have a trained eye for injustice and we tendentiously overreact any cheating in society while we do not recognize the unsurmountable amount of evidence of everyday cooperation.

      Even the most psychopathic ones of us cooperate. Even using money is cooperation. In fact it is completely impossible to live in a human society without huge amount of cooperation.

      Your opinion is formed by this strange sampling bias that makes us more aware about cheating.

    8. Re:What a conveniently timed puff piece by spun · · Score: 2, Interesting

      For most of our time on this planet, we have not had hierarchical societies. They are a recent invention, only appearing in the last five thousand years or so.

      We have natural leaders, and natural followers, and there are more natural followers than leaders, of course. You say, there must be leaders for society to work, but you do realize that followers are even more crucial, right? Lacking leaders, followers will just do what their parents did, and most of the time this works. Lacking followers, leaders are less than useless, as their focus is not on day to day survival. The leader without followers gets eaten by a lion as he contemplates some far off goal.

      And genetically speaking, we are not speaking of classes or castes but genetic variations. Get too many leadership genes and you end up screwed up with OCD or other mental illnesses. Leaders don't breed true, and followers can birth leaders. There is no 'top spot' that leaders are in competition for, leaders are not 'better' than their followers, just different.

      --
      - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
    9. Re:What a conveniently timed puff piece by hibiki_r · · Score: 2, Interesting

      It just happens that, in a world where most individuals cooperate, the sociopaths win, while in a world where most people are sociopaths, those that cooperate lose a little bit less that those that don't.

      Game theory FTW

    10. Re:What a conveniently timed puff piece by spun · · Score: 2, Informative

      He actually was a philosopher. Read his Discorsi on how to structure a democratic society. The man wasn't evil, he was a realist.

      --
      - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
    11. Re:What a conveniently timed puff piece by spun · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Read up on the dictator game and the public goods game. When cooperators are allowed to punish non-cooperation, sociopaths lose. Punishing free riders is part of being cooperative. Game theory FTW, again!

      --
      - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
    12. Re:What a conveniently timed puff piece by drewhk · · Score: 2, Insightful

      This is much more complex than that. Game theory is too simplistic to give answers.

      Some problems with game theory
        - Nash equilibria are not evolutionally stable
        - They are also exponential to calculate
        - Evolutionally Stable Strategies may not exist
        - They are also exponential to calculate
        - Evolutionally Stable Strategies could be solved only for very simplistic scenarios
        - Evolutionary game theory (currently) deals with simplistic, pairwise, independent games
        - Correlated equilibria are polynomially computable and more realistic (it also nicely explains many cooperation phenomenon) -- but still far from reality

      Altruism and cooperation are great miracles of nature that we do not understand fully. Just take your time and dedicate a day to observe all the cooperation that you can find.

  7. I may have believed this when he first started out by Pojut · · Score: 4, Insightful

    but if their advertising practices are any indication, they are in it for the money. I'm pretty happy with many of the security changes they made a couple of weeks ago after the furor over privacy reached the boiling point, but to claim they have benevolent intentions is ignorance at best.

  8. I'm the CEO bitch by xx_chris · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Sorry, but this just stinks of a payola article.

  9. see Craigslist by lapsed · · Score: 5, Insightful

    For an example of what happens when people forgo money.

    1. Re:see Craigslist by eln · · Score: 4, Funny

      They can't afford decent website designers?

    2. Re:see Craigslist by Hijacked+Public · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I'd argue that they better understand how to focus on content than most anyone else.

      They lack decent search but I can't think of much else that would make Craigslist better rather than just whizzier.

      --
      "Sacrifice for the good of The State" - The State
    3. Re:see Craigslist by Bysshe · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Add wikipedia and wikileaks to that list. Cock Suckerburg isn't in this to save the world, make it better or anything of the kind. He's in it to conquer society and screw anyone who gets in his way.

      Real philanthropy is done by those who don't want the fame, money, or power.

      --
      Read what I mean, not what I wrote.
  10. Things Motivating a 26 year old programmer by sycodon · · Score: 4, Funny

    1. Creating cool programs
    2. Get girls
    3. Make money
    4. Get more girls

    --
    When Fascism comes to America, it will call itself Anti-Fascism, and tell you to give up your guns.
  11. His brand of truth by HermMunster · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I just don't trust the guy. Sleaze-ball comes to mind.

    I can't get into his method of profit--selling our private info to others.

    I'm careful about my private information. I'm sure others aren't so well versed on what to disclose to Facebook. I like the site, seriously, as it has let met get in touch with so many friends and family

    --
    You can lead a man with reason but you can't make him think.
    1. Re:His brand of truth by dnahelicase · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I just don't trust the guy.

      Don't trust the man behind facebook? I'm sorry, but when I read that I started laughing so hard my boss thought I wasn't working

      Zuckerburg: Tell me everything about you and I'll sell it to advertisers

      Person on the street: What's in it for me?

      Zuckerburg: I'll let you see information about people you already know for free!

      Person on the strees: Free!?!?! I'm in!

  12. Just Interviews? by CheshireCatCO · · Score: 3, Insightful

    So is the book based solely on interviews? Because interviewing the subject himself with no other sources will nearly always give you a favorable picture of the subject. We all craft our own favorable narratives, consciously or not, and that's even more so what we share with the world.

    The Time article doesn't really delve into the other research that Mr. Kirkpatrick might have done, so it's very difficult to judge the quality of the book.

  13. So what does he want? by Daetrin · · Score: 2, Interesting

    "Kirkpatrick reaches the conclusion that money isn't a primary motivation for Zuckerberg"

    If that's really true (which i'm certainly willing entertain doubts about) does he want to reduce privacy because he really believes that's what best for everyone? Or if he's not in it for money is he in it for power? Does he just like knowing everything about everyone, and making a profit off of that knowledge is a side game to him? I'm really not sure which of those would be worse. The first case is a lot less despicable, but it's also a lot more threatening if you think that a certain amount of privacy is a good thing.

    --
    This Space Intentionally Left Blank
  14. Oh yeah, he is! by swordgeek · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Zuckerberg is clearly doing what he does in order to change the world. I can't imagine how that would even be a question.

    However, his image of the future seems a bit dystopian in my mind. Bring the consumers together, lead the dumb ones to the slaughter, and then force-herd the stubborn ones down the same path. Everything is marketing, everything is sales. Social interaction cannot exist, if not for the sake of making a profit. "There is no privacy" - unless you're one of the powerful elite.

    By all appearances, he's trying to increase the class spread, and turn the entire world into marketing. O brave new world, that has such people in't!

    --

    "People who do stupid things with hazardous materials often die." -- Jim Davidson on alt.folklore.urban
  15. Zuckerberg, this Paris Hilton of the web... by broknstrngz · · Score: 2, Funny

    He was lacking a chihuahua, so TPTB created David Kirkpatrick.

  16. The 'authorized' biography by Trufagus · · Score: 5, Informative

    I think we can expect to see much, much more of this, as Facebook tries to change their CEO's image.

    Apparently there is an unflattering movie coming out in the Fall and I assume they want to get ahead of that.

    1. Re:The 'authorized' biography by GrumblyStuff · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I propose that like Tony "I want my life back" Hayward, we give Mark a catchy phrase in his name.

      Mark "Dumb fucks trust me" Zuckerberg sounds kinda nice.

  17. Is there such a thing as a Philosopher-thief? by BobMcD · · Score: 4, Interesting

    It was my understanding that Zuckerberg was a thief at his very core. Always an opportunist looking to earn off of things he doesn't have any right to possess. This included the photos that started Harvard's Facebook, much of the original code and concept, and continues to this day with examples like the email accounts used to connect to Facebook and their password information. I think this understanding of him is probably accurate.

    That being said, wouldn't being a thief preclude the label of 'philosopher'? Isn't the harm caused by theft and the social implications of a world where theft is permissible one of the earliest, simplest hurdles that a 'thinker' must cross to become noteworthy? I'm not up on the stuff, but I'm not aware of any ethos that includes 'rutheless slimeball' as a virtuous-knower of wise things.

  18. Re:Pffft. by eln · · Score: 2, Interesting

    You're thinking of the wrong scumbag. Mark Pinkus, CEO of Zynga (FarmVille and other annoying Facebook games) said that.

  19. "money isn't a primary motivation for Zuckerberg" by metamatic · · Score: 3, Insightful

    It's easy to say that you're not primarily motivated by money once you're already a billionaire several times over.

    Hell, give me a mere couple of million and I'd show you what it's like to not be motivated by money...

    --
    GCHQ Quantum Insert installed. If only our tongues were made of glass, how much more careful we would be when we speak
  20. Immaterial by ismism · · Score: 2, Informative

    Doesn't matter to me, any more. I've opted out of FB, altogether. "I've opted out of FB" (all together)

  21. Re:Gotta point out the good by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 2

    The interesting individuals from my past are by definition the kind of people who wouldn't be on Facebook. Now, if I wanted to 'link up' with that portion of people from my past who are the fucktards, yes, Facebook would be excellent. However, I chose to move forward in life, not spin my wheels in muck.

    Facebook is almost entirely the wrong place to be.

  22. What are you smoking? by assertation · · Score: 5, Insightful

    that money isn't a primary motivation for Zuckerberg, 'a coder more than a CEO, a philosopher more than a businessman, a 26-year-old who has consistently avoided selling out because he sees Facebook as his way to change the world.'

    What was the author smoking when he wrote this?

    Not out for the money? "avoided selling out"? What about the phrase "monetizing information" that so often comes up in Facebook's conversations?

    What the interview with the 19 year old Zuckerberg who called his users "stupid" for making their information available to him? Yes, he was 19, but I have seen articles on the internet claiming he has said similar things like that in what he thought were confidential conversations.

    What about Facebook making defaults public, when it is obvious private would be preferred and doing so without notice?

    Is that lack of respect for other people consistent with a "philosopher" who wants to change the world for the better?

  23. The Economist's review of the same book by JimBobJoe · · Score: 3, Informative

    The Economist's review doesn't necessarily answer your question, but I would say it's more informative overall.

  24. has super-user access to full profiles by peter303 · · Score: 2, Informative

    Of all the hot girls in FB. Who could complain?

  25. That's right, read this: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting
  26. Re:Again.... by BobMcD · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Give me an example. please. name me one person who wanted to make the world a better place, and gave less of a fuck about money.

    Buddha. Gandhi. Mother Theresa.

    That's three. Google yourself some more. All of these people were successful, too. Moreso than Zuckerberg.

    stop thinking with your wallet for a second, and start thinking like a human being.

    Capitalist pigs and all that aside, I'm thinking with my brain. People get painted by their behaviors. MZ doesn't even admit to his crimes, let alone begin to atone for them, and you want to anoint him a saint. He has yet to do one decent thing for humanity, as far as I have seen.

    You're attributing to a single slimeball the entirety of the internet's value while simultaneously blathering on about the limits of materialism.

    In short you're not having a conversation, so have a nice day!

  27. Re:I may have believed this when he first started by phantomfive · · Score: 2, Insightful

    He never said he had benevolent intentions, he said he wanted to change the world. He dreams of being atop a world changing company, just as Bill Gates, J P Morgan, Andrew Carnegie, and the railroad barons of old all have done. He wants to be the great. He wants to be respected. He sees 'changing the world' as a means to that end, but no moreso than being rich.

    --
    Qxe4
  28. huh? It exists, called OpenId by BitterAndDrunk · · Score: 2, Informative

    OpenId is what you're looking for I believe. . . I think that's FB's implementation as well. (probably way wrong there though)

    --
    You better watch out, there may be dogs about . . .
  29. Re:Again.... by veg_all · · Score: 2, Informative

    Mother Theresa who took 1.4m stolen dollars from Charles Keating? Mother Theresa gave a hell of a fuck about money, mainly by fetishizing the suffering of those without it....

    Read up.

    Otherwise I agree.

    --
    grammar-lesson free since 1999. (rescinded - 2005)