Slashdot Mirror


Fermilab Experiment Hints At Multiple Higgs Particles

krou writes "Recent results from the Dzero experiment at the Tevatron particle accelerator suggest that those looking for a single Higgs boson particle should be looking for five particles, and the data gathered may point to new laws beyond the Standard Model. 'The DZero results showed much more significant "asymmetry" of matter and anti-matter — beyond what could be explained by the Standard Model. Bogdan Dobrescu, Adam Martin and Patrick J Fox from Fermilab say this large asymmetry effect can be accounted for by the existence of multiple Higgs bosons. They say the data point to five Higgs bosons with similar masses but different electric charges. Three would have a neutral charge and one each would have a negative and positive electric charge. This is known as the two-Higgs doublet model.'" There's more detail in this writeup from Symmetry Magazine, a joint publication of SLAC and Fermilab. Here's the paper on the arXiv.

271 comments

  1. Great news, everybody! by Tumbleweed · · Score: 1

    We can all go Sliding to parallel universes, now!

    Right?

    1. Re:Great news, everybody! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      But can we really trust these people? They seem like a bunch of bosons.

    2. Re:Great news, everybody! by Tumbleweed · · Score: 4, Funny

      But can we really trust these people? They seem like a bunch of bosons.

      Ahh, don't get your Higgs in a bunch; these people are SCIENTISTS! Scientists can do no wrong!

    3. Re:Great news, everybody! by Chris+Mattern · · Score: 2, Funny

      But can we really trust these people? They seem like a bunch of bosons.

      I think that one over there is a boson's mate.

    4. Re:Great news, everybody! by Thing+1 · · Score: 4, Funny

      "Back off, man -- I'm a scientist."

      --
      I feel fantastic, and I'm still alive.
    5. Re:Great news, everybody! by Randle_Revar · · Score: 2, Funny

      You oughta be lepton for saying such a thing.

    6. Re:Great news, everybody! by sconeu · · Score: 4, Funny

      Is your position fermion that?

      --
      General Relativity: Space-time tells matter where to go; Matter tells space-time what shape to be.
    7. Re:Great news, everybody! by nametaken · · Score: 5, Interesting

      These particular scientists (or rather all the employees there) let us motorcycle riders cruise around the facility surrounding the Tevatron whenever we want, and never greet us with anything but smiles and friendly conversation. Even when a bunch of biker looking guys decide to stop in and press our faces to the glass at the Fermi+CERN room or pull off on one of the access roads to take photographs of their small herd of bison, the many tanker trucks marked "Liquid Nitrogen" in big letters, or one of their many bizarre looking buildings (even the ones with the little radioactive signs on them). It's particularly amazing how open they are with unsupervised visitors given the ridiculous "fear of teh turrorists" mentality that's so prevalent now. In my mind, they really can do no wrong. I hope the ridiculously smart people there find whatever it is they're looking for... it's just a shame I'm too dumb to understand their work.

      To give you an idea...

      http://www.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Fermi+National+Lab+Library,+Batavia,+IL&sll=41.846547,-88.248367&sspn=0.07225,0.154324&ie=UTF8&hq=Fermi+National+Lab+Library,&hnear=Batavia,+Kane,+Illinois&ll=41.840856,-88.253002&spn=0.036128,0.077162&t=h&z=14&iwloc=A

    8. Re:Great news, everybody! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

      pull off on one of the access roads to take photographs of their small herd of bison

      Did you see the Higgs bison?

    9. Re:Great news, everybody! by Warbothong · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I had a similar experience when I visited CERN. Granted it wasn't a spontaneous trip (was arranged as part of a particle physics course), but when being shown around it was repeated over and over that we can go anywhere we want (but that it's not a good idea to enter radioactive or cryogenically frozen areas, of course), we can take photos of anything, etc. This is because 1) it's a place of research, so nobody should be discouraged from researching CERN itself 2) due to the politics involved, no participating country has authority to stop people from any other participating country from doing anything they want 3) it's publicly funded, so should be available to the public and 4) it lowers worries about clandestine weaponisation of the technology they have (especially since the word Nuclear crops up a lot).

      It was a fascinating trip and I would recommend it to anyone :)

    10. Re:Great news, everybody! by Thanshin · · Score: 2, Funny

      "Dr. Jackson the subjects for irradiation experiment 46, codename Hulk, are in position"
      "Perfect! Let's hope these bikers don't melt too soon"

    11. Re:Great news, everybody! by L4t3r4lu5 · · Score: 2, Funny

      This thread became strange very quickly. Still, so many charming jokes.

      By the way, how do you fix the casing on an LCD monitor at CERN? Put some gluon!

      --
      Finally had enough. Come see us over at https://soylentnews.org/
    12. Re:Great news, everybody! by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      Your comment is even better news for me, as this short sci-fi story isn't out of date any more; it just happens in a paralell universe where the LHC doesn't get started and there's only one Higgs.

      You made my day! Now did I fire off six particles, or only five? In all the excitement I kinda lost track myself.

    13. Re:Great news, everybody! by damien_kane · · Score: 1, Troll

      Give it up already.
      These jokes are all being scraped from the bottom of the barrel.

    14. Re:Great news, everybody! by L4t3r4lu5 · · Score: 1

      I don't think those with mod points are thinking with their top brain today.

      Top. Hint hint.

      --
      Finally had enough. Come see us over at https://soylentnews.org/
    15. Re:Great news, everybody! by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      He's Bo's son.

    16. Re:Great news, everybody! by damien_kane · · Score: 1

      Too bad we can't photon moderators and moderations.

    17. Re:Great news, everybody! by Steve+Max · · Score: 1

      There is some truth in what you say; but I'd say this is the beauty of the thread.

    18. Re:Great news, everybody! by vectorious · · Score: 1

      Well it was, but then I measured my speed, and now my position is a little uncertain...

    19. Re:Great news, everybody! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Shouldn't that be scientician?

    20. Re:Great news, everybody! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Did you miss the quotes?"

    21. Re:Great news, everybody! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Making bad puns must be one of your many quarks.

  2. That's awesome. by pclminion · · Score: 1

    And people were questioning why we should build such big machines...

    1. Re:That's awesome. by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I'm guessing that this won't reassure them. "So, our big machine discovered some weird stuff, that we'll need to build two bigger machines to investigate in proper detail. I'm sure that neither of those will repeat this process..."

      Outside of people informed enough to oppose particular scientific projects as being ill-conceived compared to other ones, support for, or opposition to, research projects is pretty much an ideological matter. People who support science as an end will be dissuaded only by the most grindingly uninteresting streaks of purely negative results. People who oppose it(or who rank it very low compared to other ends) will be appeased by only results that are trivially applicable to whatever they do care about. If, for example, one of these Higgs particles could be commercialized as a cure for male-pattern baldness or a source of HDTVs within the next two years...

    2. Re:That's awesome. by John+Hasler · · Score: 1

      > If, for example, one of these Higgs particles could be commercialized as a
      > cure for male-pattern baldness or a source of HDTVs within the next two
      > years...

      No. What would guarantee generous funding for the next 65 years would be the development of a successor to nuclear weapons (anti-matter bombs, for example). You have to address the primary interest of those who control the money: killing people.

      --
      Warning: this article may contain humor, sarcasm, parody, and perhaps even irony. Read at your own risk.
    3. Re:That's awesome. by qeveren · · Score: 1

      Incorrect. They have little interest in killing people, because there's little profit in that; they want to sell weapons to people who DO want to kill people.

      --
      Don't just stand there, get that other dog!
    4. Re:That's awesome. by timmarhy · · Score: 0, Troll

      you fail. even negative results are interesting to scientists. a negative can infer as much if not more then finding what you expect. people that think unless they can buy it in walmart it's not worth doing, were around when they were investigating the nature of electricity, and now look at how important that knowledge is. the information we are getting from places like LHC will be the lynch pin to our future discoveries. to the morons looking for stuff to buy at walmart, i direct you to aisle 3 for the hana montana dvd's.

      --
      If you mod me down, I will become more powerful than you can imagine....
    5. Re:That's awesome. by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I'm not sure that the people with cash would really want an even more nuclear than nuclear option floating around...

      Being the only kid on the block with nukes has its perks; but that state lasted for about 20 minutes, back in the late 40's. Since then, anybody who has them has to contend with the fact that, if they actually do anything, pretty much everybody else will freak out and glass them. This has virtually obviated the theoretical killing potential. From their invention to the present, nukes probably trail machetes(never mind Kalashnikovs and assorted knockoffs) in terms of body count. You still have to have a collection of them on the mantle, kept polished and dusted, if you want to be part of the great powers club; but you don't actually get to use them, and you can't really stop uncouth little upstarts from collecting their own. Worse, you have to deal with the fact that, although you cannot use them, non-state, covert, or just plain nihilistic actors can. Back when you could be pretty certain that only real countries had nukes, you could rely on MAD. If some nutjob, or untraceable tool of somebody's intelligence apparatus goes and blows up something expensive, the incumbents lose, and don't have any good way of retaliating.

      Some sort of uber-nuke super-superweapon would, at best, bring you back to the late 40's situation(minus the enviable economic position of being the only major industrialized nation not squatting in a pile of its own rubble). At worst, it would just antagonize the other nuclear powers.

      There will certainly always be money to keep the existing stock dusted and polished, and react to any threats to its efficacy; but I suspect that, if you want military money, you'd do much better by developing weapons that they will be able to use without excessive diplomatic trouble. Drones, precision munitions, vehicles that can't be destroyed by explosively formed penetrators that can be fabricated by anybody with a supply of ammonium nitrate and metal forming skills somewhere between "early modern blacksmith" and "1850's machine shop", etc.

    6. Re:That's awesome. by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I'm afraid your reading comprehension leaves something to be desired.

      "Outside of people informed enough to oppose particular scientific projects as being ill-conceived compared to other ones, support for, or opposition to, research projects is pretty much an ideological matter. People who support science as an end will be dissuaded only by the most grindingly uninteresting streaks of purely negative results. People who oppose it(or who rank it very low compared to other ends) will be appeased by only results that are trivially applicable to whatever they do care about. If, for example, one of these Higgs particles could be commercialized as a cure for male-pattern baldness or a source of HDTVs within the next two years..."

      The first phrase intentionally excludes scientists in the discipline and very atypically well informed laymen from the rest of the discussion. For them, negative results are certainly of use(though, if you look at scientific publication patterns, even among the professionals, positive results publish better) and of interest.

      Then there is the category of interested laymen. The sort of people who like science, think space travel and big science machines are pretty cool, paid attention in high school/undergrad science classes, read science popularizations and maybe the occasional lighter paper, attend lectures when available, etc. Here, I stand by my assertion that an excessively dull string of negative results will blunt their enthusiasm. Not enough to turn them into the third category; but enough that they will probably lose interest in project X and go watch project Y instead.

    7. Re:That's awesome. by John+Hasler · · Score: 1

      > ...they want to sell weapons to people who DO want to kill people.

      I.e., the politicians: the people with the money, and the ones who have been financing physics generously for 65 years in hopes of getting even badder weapons.

      --
      Warning: this article may contain humor, sarcasm, parody, and perhaps even irony. Read at your own risk.
    8. Re:That's awesome. by timmarhy · · Score: 1, Redundant
      my reading comprehension is just fine thanks.

      an issue like this is going to be completely polarized. either LHC is worth doing or it isn't. you can't do it cheaper or on a smaller scale so there's never going to be a middle ground.

      negative results will still infer a great deal of information that the brains behind the operation will dumb down to layman's terms for the non uber nerds, so they will stay interested anyway.

      the brain dead idiots who think LHC is a waste of money will as you said, never change their minds.

      --
      If you mod me down, I will become more powerful than you can imagine....
    9. Re:That's awesome. by John+Hasler · · Score: 1

      > Some sort of uber-nuke super-superweapon...

      You aren't thinking it through. There would be no lower limit to the size of an bomb made with stable anti-matter (not to mention what it would do for the propulsion of weapons and military craft).

      > ...vehicles that can't be destroyed by explosively formed penetrators that
      > can be fabricated by anybody with a supply of ammonium nitrate and metal
      > forming skills somewhere between "early modern blacksmith" and "1850's
      > machine shop", etc.

      And that's the worry, isn't it? (at least for the politicians). Eventually the technology would become public knowledge and when someone with a grudge and no reason to live can swallow a gel capsule containing a milligram of anti-matter and then just loiter within half a mile or so of your palace...

      --
      Warning: this article may contain humor, sarcasm, parody, and perhaps even irony. Read at your own risk.
    10. Re:That's awesome. by Joe+Tie. · · Score: 1

      Don't forget the other affliction of old guys. Two things that will always be money makers. Helping old guys kill young dudes from other countries, and returning life to those old guys dead boners. The graveyard and the bone zone, you'll never go broke setting up shop there.

      --
      Everything will be taken away from you.
    11. Re:That's awesome. by Kjella · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I guess to me it's strongly correlated with how universal in space and time the results are. It's fairly easy to do science which is good science as such, but just either very constricted, navel gazing or void of any fundamental insights. Of course case studies are to the soft sciences what experiments are to the hard sciences, but I don't see how studying ancient Egyptians will ever yield anything significant outside the field of ancient Egyptians. Understanding the fundamental particles and forces of the universe is extremely lasting knowledge and any insights or applications you can find can be used by all of humanity forever. To take one example, Magnetic resonance imaging is very useful in medicine, less than 40 years old and depends on a deep understanding of nuclear magnetic resonance.

      True, some thing won't be practically useful now or in the future but how would you know that if you haven't discovered what it can and can't do? To me it's a little bit like handing an illiterate forest tribe a laptop without telling him anything about it, I doubt they'd find it useful because they'd have no idea what to use it for or even the knowledge or concepts to begin using it. The same goes for things that appear to be extremely costly, if you went back 50 years and tried to explain modern computers to an economist he'd short circuit because the cost would be beyond the GDP of the world many times over at the price/performance ratio he is used to. I have no idea what the first laser cost but I'm sure it was massive, today you can get them for next to nothing to use as a laser pointer or in every DVD player or PC with optical drive. But I guess many people are like the stock market, "long term" is what happens next year and equally short-sighted too.

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
    12. Re:That's awesome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Warning: this article may contain humor, sarcasm, parody, and perhaps even irony. Read at your own risk.

      What about stupidity? You didn't warn me that there might be stupidity.

    13. Re:That's awesome. by Cryacin · · Score: 1

      At this point in time, I'd question whether they would fund anti matter weapons research. Tactically, do we really need a bigger boom than a nuke? I'd also imagine that anti-matter weapons would leave some nasty side effects hanging around after detonation.

      As to the size of the explosion, it is not a good thing to leave a smoking crater where your enemy used to be. You actually want to kill/turn any resistance, and then acquire resources and spoils of war. Secondly, it would be quite pointless to make a bomb so big that it wipes out the entire planet. Talk about a Pyrric victory.

      --
      Science advances one funeral at a time- Max Planck
    14. Re:That's awesome. by CODiNE · · Score: 2

      nukes probably trail machetes(never mind Kalashnikovs and assorted knockoffs) in terms of body count.

      Where I live machetes still kill people everyday.

      --
      Cwm, fjord-bank glyphs vext quiz
    15. Re:That's awesome. by Arancaytar · · Score: 1

      as a cure for male-pattern baldness

      Or...

      Oh dear; I can see the spam subjects already.

      ENLARGE YOUR PARTICLE!

    16. Re:That's awesome. by Yvanhoe · · Score: 1

      MAD kept us safe during the 20th century. This was still a complicated game to play even with only 3 or 4 players and pretty scary too. Now we approach the dozen of nuclear nations. MAD is a fine theory but it shouldn't be taken for granted. The possibilities of nuclear war are very real and there would be a lot of military interest in, for example, a nuclear reaction inhibitor, a mean of detecting enrichment process at a distance or a way to miniaturize nukes even more.

      --
      The Wise adapts himself to the world. The Fool adapts the world to himself. Therefore, all progress depends on the Fool.
    17. Re:That's awesome. by Fluffeh · · Score: 1

      At this point in time, I'd question whether they would fund anti matter weapons research. Tactically, do we really need a bigger boom than a nuke? I'd also imagine that anti-matter weapons would leave some nasty side effects hanging around after detonation.

      Interesting to think about. Given that Cosmic Background Radiation is leftovers from the last time that there was a lot of matter/anti-matter colliding, the chances are that there would indeed be effects hanging around.

      As to the size of the explosion, it is not a good thing to leave a smoking crater where your enemy used to be. You actually want to kill/turn any resistance, and then acquire resources and spoils of war. Secondly, it would be quite pointless to make a bomb so big that it wipes out the entire planet. Talk about a Pyrric victory.

      You can make a civilization sized crater with anything. TNT, a nuke or anti-matter. It just has to be big enough. There is no reason why an anti-matter bomb would leave a bigger crater than any other type of bomb dropped. Lastly, you can make a bomb big enough to wipe out the entire planet out of anything - just in this case, the amount of energy expelled through the use of anti-matter means that the bomb itself is smaller while giving out the same explosive force.

      You do understand that a 1 kiloton nuke means that it is a nuke that has the exploding power of 1000 tons* of TNT right? You can have a 1 kiloton bomb made of anything. TNT, Nukes or Antimatter - they all have the same explosive power.

      * To be more precise, the exploding power of a kiloton while being close to 1000 tons of TNT isn't exact, so the current day measure is to say 10^12 calories equivalent (which is roughly the same).

      --
      Moved to http://soylentnews.org/. You are invited to join us too!
    18. Re:That's awesome. by daveime · · Score: 2, Insightful

      MAD is possibly the most naive policy imaginable, as it's based on the core assumption that no one would be stupid enough to launch first because they know they'd also be destroyed.

      Unfortunately, as Iran, Afghanistan and North Korea have demonstrated, they ARE stupid enough, and really don't care if they die for Allah or Kim or whoever.

      Very scary times indeed.

    19. Re:That's awesome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I think you're confuing country way of thnking with individual way of thinking.

      The suicide terrorist does what he does on the basis that the community he is suiciding for will survive and have a big advantage from his actions.

      A whole country can't make such an assumption.

    20. Re:That's awesome. by Seahawk · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Unfortunately, as Iran, Afghanistan and North Korea have demonstrated, they ARE stupid enough, and really don't care if they die for Allah or Kim or whoever.

      Clearly I missed the news report of Iran, Afghanistan or Democratic People's Republic of Korea launching nukes at anyone?

    21. Re:That's awesome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > ...they want to sell weapons to people who DO want to kill people.

      I.e., the politicians: the people with the money, and the ones who have been financing physics generously for 65 years in hopes of getting even badder weapons.

      Do you want someone else to have that weapon ready before you do? Because, whenever there is opportunity, somebody somewhere will seize it. Hopes of "the ones who have been financing physics generously for 65 years" are no greater for getting "badder" weapons then they are for proving there can be no such thing. The weapons they have now are bad enough, provided none else have any ..."badder"... ones.

    22. Re:That's awesome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Have they? I missed the Iranian, Afghani and Korean nuclear launches.

    23. Re:That's awesome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      It may be popular to say that those regimes are insane, but even a superficial analysis suggests that's not the case with most.

      In Iran the development of nuclear weapons has considerable popular support as a patriotic struggle by a country that feels it deserves its place on the international stage. The government there has at the moment relatively little legitimacy, so anything that it can do to prop up its standing is a rational course. Do not mistake Ahmadinejad's silly rhetoric for a desire to use nuclear weapons; his actions make the most sense in the context of protecting the power of conservatives and status quo power structure in the Iranian government.

      Saddam Hussein was also not insane. In some sense he had a naive view of Bush, Cheney, and Blair's resolve to invade -- a naivety shared by many in the West. His actions prior to the second Gulf War were entirely rational in view of his efforts to maintain power for himself and the Baath party. He was vicious and cruel, misjudged the likelihood that an invasion would take place, and was operating from a position that didn't give him the same perspective that people in the West enjoyed (or perhaps more often found appalling), but in light of that understanding his actions made sense. He was not insane.

      The "filtered perspective" problem is even more acute in North Korea. We may view the North Korean leadership as erratic, but it has persisted against considerable odds since roughly 1950. I have been routinely impressed with the North Korean ability to press its strengths in spite of its poverty and isolation. It has managed to ensconce itself in a manner that makes it effectively invulnerable to any realistic outside influence. To the north it can extract concessions from, and depends on, China for material and political support. This is possible because China finds it useful to counterbalance Western influences in the region and is afraid of the economic impact of a North Korean collapse. To the south, North Korea has one of the world's largest armies positioned to rain flaming death on Seoul if unduly provoked. The North's leaders doubtless know that the North could not win a war with the South, but also that it doesn't need to win a war if it doesn't fight one. Meanwhile, the cost to the South of provoking the North are too great to imagine, so the North gets away with sinking a large South Korean warship, developing nuclear weapons, and so forth. The North knows there is no pressure that can be brought to bear against it, and it is not an accident that it has positioned itself this way. Indeed, it is worth noting that the United States -- bluster about chemical weapons and so forth aside -- decided to invade Iraq rather than North Korea; the US appears to have invaded Iraq precisely because it was not a threat. The North Koreans surely made note of that fact.

      The Afghan Taliban are the hardest for me to characterize in this context since I have little knowledge of the movement. It does, however, seem to be a relatively localized ragtag movement based on a noxious combination of ignorance, anachronism, Pashtun tribal law, and a particularly strict interpretation of Sharia. As such, it seems vanishingly unlikely that it would have ever been able to coordinate the deployment of a nuclear weapon through any meaningful power structure, let alone develop nuclear weapons. That is, the Taliban may not have represented enough of a functioning government to even reach the point of talking about whether or not it operated rationally.

      http://images.slashdot.org/hc/44/2ed12ade138c.jpg

    24. Re:That's awesome. by gox · · Score: 1

      Unfortunately, as Iran, Afghanistan and North Korea have demonstrated, they ARE stupid enough, and really don't care if they die for Allah or Kim or whoever.

      How? When did North Korea die for Kim? What /is/ Afghanistan?

      And Iran? What did Iran do? Or any Iranian for that matter... Just how arrogant can you be?

    25. Re:That's awesome. by daveime · · Score: 0, Flamebait

      Demonstrated that they are stupid ... I guess we can add you to the list too ?

    26. Re:That's awesome. by Yvanhoe · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Unfortunately, as Iran, Afghanistan and North Korea have demonstrated, they ARE stupid enough, and really don't care if they die for Allah or Kim or whoever.

      Actually, I am wondering... A corollary of MAD is that your nukes are useless unless you manage to make your enemies think that you are crazy enough to use them.
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Giant_Lance

      --
      The Wise adapts himself to the world. The Fool adapts the world to himself. Therefore, all progress depends on the Fool.
    27. Re:That's awesome. by ObsessiveMathsFreak · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Unfortunately, as Iran, Afghanistan and North Korea have demonstrated, they ARE stupid enough, and really don't care if they die for Allah or Kim or whoever.

      Sorry guy. The only country ever to actually drop the bomb on someone else has been the United States. And as far as the rest of the world is concerned, the US is just as if not more likely than any of the aforementioned basket cases to drop one again. All it would probably take is another relatively minor terrorist outrage.

      --
      May the Maths Be with you!
    28. Re:That's awesome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      MAD is possibly the most naive policy imaginable, as it's based on the core assumption that no one would be stupid enough to launch first because they know they'd also be destroyed.

      The "mutually-assured" part is by now means assured, and is an assumption that is not necessarily valid.

      There are some perfectly "rational" reasons why you'd want to do a first strike (from a tactical military point of view). You don't necessarily have to be suicidal to do it.

      For quite a while the Soviets were working on the assumption that their territory was big enough that some elements of their society would survive, and so they never accepted the MAD doctrine. AFAIK, there were quite a few elements with-in the Soviet military that were pushing for a first strike.

    29. Re:That's awesome. by NoSleepDemon · · Score: 1

      That's what he meant - machetes and AKs are far more dangerous than nukes because they're easier to obtain and use

    30. Re:That's awesome. by atamido · · Score: 2, Informative

      Sorry guy. The only country ever to actually drop the bomb on someone else has been the United States. And as far as the rest of the world is concerned, the US is just as if not more likely than any of the aforementioned basket cases to drop one again. All it would probably take is another relatively minor terrorist outrage.

      I know it's really fun to wave your hands in the air and yell about how the US is the only country that has ever used a nuclear bomb offensively, but it just makes you look like a goober.

      The truth is that the nuclear bombs used on Japan were nothing like later bombs. The highest estimated yield for the Fat Man is 22kt, while Tsar Bomba is 50,000kt, or about 23,000 times the power. Please go educate yourself:
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weapon_yield

      The US did far more damage in a single raid against Tokyo using conventional weapons than both the nuclear weapons combined. Dropping nuclear weapons was less effective from a destruction standpoint, but that wasn't their point. The whole point of dropping them was "shock and awe", and bluffing they could drop them all month long.

      Dropping a modern nuclear weapon is in no way comparable to what was done 65 years ago.

    31. Re:That's awesome. by mea37 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      1) Just because MAD is not applicable to today's circumstances, does not make it a naive theory. It did exactly its job in the circumstances for which it was created.

      2) If you write off Iran, Afghanistan and North Korea as "stupid", then you are a fool. Yes, their motivations differ from yours - enough so that you clearly do not understand them. However, you're claim that they're suicidal needs some support.

    32. Re:That's awesome. by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      And what are my options in a low calorie bomb?

      Tho I suppose then the hawks will say, "We've come all this way since world war II and all you can offer me is a lite bomb!?!"

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    33. Re:That's awesome. by Orange+Crush · · Score: 1

      There's no lower limit to the size of a bomb made with stable ordinary matter. You can use chemical explosives and/or kinetic energy just fine and with much less effort and energy than generating antimatter for the same effect.

    34. Re:That's awesome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You know, if you'd stop doing that to your neighbors, your property values might increase. :P

    35. Re:That's awesome. by IndustrialComplex · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I'd also imagine that anti-matter weapons would leave some nasty side effects hanging around after detonation.

      That's one of the more interesting aspects of anti-matter weaponry. The entire concept is that there isn't anything of the bomb hanging around after detonation. This is of course, assuming the basic concept of an anti-matter 'bomb' in which matter and an equal portion of anti-matter are combined and in the process annihilated.

      Fission weapons (and fusion weapons are essentially fission initiated) don't really annihilate anything. The bonds are broken, or isotopes fused, but the matter is still there. That is the fallout.

      Antimatter+Matter... once it is 'done' it is basically done and speeding away from the location at the speed of light. Any lingering effects are likely due to whatever was at the site of the explosion that didn't react well to being exploded.

      --
      Out of modpoints but really liked a post? 1BDkF6TtmmeZ3yqXbz9yhdYVqRYnwFoXDj
    36. Re:That's awesome. by ChrisMaple · · Score: 1

      I've seen news reports of Iran and North Korea threatening to do so. Iran has an obvious goal. North Korea has a history of erratic military activities; what they will do is simply beyond predictability.

      --
      Contribute to civilization: ari.aynrand.org/donate
    37. Re:That's awesome. by TheCarp · · Score: 1

      > 1) Just because MAD is not applicable to today's circumstances, does not make it a naive theory. It did exactly its job
      > in the circumstances for which it was created.

      However, the expected outcome doesn't prove anything either. I am sure that many people in the US (less so in Russia, but I am sure still many) prayed for us to not go to war. That, clearly, also had the intended outcome.

      The problem with MAD is that it assumes that a) one or both sides wanted to go to war in the first place and b) would have been otherwise willing to do it. Open war between the US and USSR, nukes aside, would still have been a very bloody and expensive conflict for both sides. As it is, our ridiculous proxy wars were bad enough.

      Neither the US nor USSR can be distilled down to a pair of sets of ideologies or strategies. There were elements within both countries that wanted open war, elements that liked cold war, and elements that thought the entire thing was stupid. Frankly, I think that the very idea that MAD worked gives FAR too much credit to the war hawks and their paranoid delusions. (on both sides of the Iron Curtain)

      > 2) If you write off Iran, Afghanistan and North Korea as "stupid", then you are a fool. Yes, their motivations differ
      > from yours - enough so that you clearly do not understand them. However, you're claim that they're suicidal needs some
      > support.

      Very true. None are stupid, nor entirely united behind a single banner (though, the DPRK does make it quite hard to tell otherwise). Admittedly, I only know a few Iranians, but, the ones I know use the term "towel head" better than your average red neck, and tend to lament that their people are not still Zoroastrian (seriously). I can't claim that they are representative of the average person on the streets of Iran but... to think that Iranians make up some cohesive group with a single POV is... even more insane than some of their leaders make them look.

      -Steve

      --
      "I opened my eyes, and everything went dark again"
    38. Re:That's awesome. by marcosdumay · · Score: 1

      There were news reports on almost all nuclear powers using their nuclear weapons. Still, all of those have being threatened by MAD.

    39. Re:That's awesome. by geekoid · · Score: 1

      AMD was a fine policy for the Cold War. Hell of a lot better then actually all out war. How many world wars have there been since then? none.

      Now we are entering a period where most corporation make money from global competition then from war. So with that there will be peace. How many countries with a McDonalds have fought another country with a McDonalds?

      Scary my ass. In my day the threat was all out war. By comparison the risk of some rogue state lighting one for Allah pales by comparison.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    40. Re:That's awesome. by Khashishi · · Score: 1

      Unfortunately, as Iran, Afghanistan and North Korea have demonstrated, they ARE stupid enough, and really don't care if they die for Allah or Kim or whoever.

      No, they haven't. That's just the brainwashing talking.

    41. Re:That's awesome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ... "So, our big machine discovered some weird stuff, that we'll need to build two bigger machines to investigate ..."

      which will be destroyed to make way for an interstellar hyperway.

    42. Re:That's awesome. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I've seen news reports of Iran and North Korea threatening to do so. Iran has an obvious goal. North Korea has a history of erratic military activities; what they will do is simply beyond predictability.

      And all the while you're blathering on about this and that, fact remains that the only country ever having launched nukes against someone is the good ol' US of A.

      Fancy that.

  3. Where's the applications? by Grishnakh · · Score: 0, Troll

    This is great and all, but does this mean we'll finally get some great new technologies like artificial gravity, FTL propulsion or communication, quantum-fluctuation energy, or interdimensional travel?

    1. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      That at least 2 of the 5 mass inducing bosons have electrical charge makes the possibility of elecronically controlling the phenomenon more practical/plausible.

      This is because they HAVE a charge, and thus, can be manipulated using the EM force.

    2. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes.

    3. Re:Where's the applications? by TinBromide · · Score: 5, Informative

      Simply because you or I cannot find an immediate use for something does not mean that it is not useful. Who knows, in 15 years, knowledge gained through these experiments could lead to a better method of harvesting energy from some unknown source, or coming up with a better means of propulsion or medicine for a problem that we thought was mundane (subatomic cure for the common cold? who knows).

      It is for this reason that science should be pursued so that when someone infinitely smarter than you combines this bit of knowledge with another bit, mankind sees a tangible benefit.

      --
      Is it sad that I am more likely to recognize you and your posts by your sig than your name or UID?
    4. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      patience dude... patience... once we get time travel out of it, it doesn't matter how long it took right?

    5. Re: Where's the applications? by Black+Parrot · · Score: 5, Informative

      This is great and all, but does this mean we'll finally get some great new technologies like artificial gravity, FTL propulsion or communication, quantum-fluctuation energy, or interdimensional travel?

      We're still getting new technologies out of the strange sub-atomic stuff others started discovering c. 120 years ago.

      --
      Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
    6. Re:Where's the applications? by Robin47 · · Score: 1

      Simply because you or I cannot find an immediate use for something does not mean that it is not useful. Who knows, in 15 years, knowledge gained through these experiments could lead to a better method of harvesting energy from some unknown source, or coming up with a better means of propulsion or medicine for a problem that we thought was mundane (subatomic cure for the common cold? who knows).

      At least a redesigned toaster. I think that's doable in 15 years.

    7. Re: Where's the applications? by CrimsonAvenger · · Score: 1

      We're still getting new technologies out of the strange sub-atomic stuff others started discovering c. 120 years ago.

      Proton, Neutron, Electron. Have we come up with any new technologies out of any sub-atomic particles since then?

      Personally, I find this fascinating. Especially if it means the Standard Model has to be revised (again!), since you can never tell what you're going to get when the theory has to be scrapped....

      --

      "I do not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it"
    8. Re:Where's the applications? by MichaelSmith · · Score: 3, Interesting

      If we are going to get time travel out of it we would already be neck deep in time travelers and it would be impossible to get tickets to the world cup. Neither of those things is happening so this result will not give us time travel.

    9. Re:Where's the applications? by john83 · · Score: 4, Informative

      When Einstein wrote about the stimulated emission of light in 1917 (The paper is called "Zur Quantentheorie der Strahlung"), there was (a) no example of it known in nature (still isn't, I think) (b) no known way to produce it and (c) no known application. Welcome to LaserFest

      --
      Strange women lying in ponds distributing swords is no basis for a system of government.
    10. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      At least a redesigned toaster. I think that's doable in 15 years.

      Powered by FreeBSD.

    11. Re:Where's the applications? by LetterRip · · Score: 1

      Simply because you or I cannot find an immediate use for something does not mean that it is not useful. Who knows, in 15 years, knowledge gained through these experiments could lead to a better method of harvesting energy from some unknown source, or coming up with a better means of propulsion or medicine for a problem that we thought was mundane (subatomic cure for the common cold? who knows).

      It is for this reason that science should be pursued so that when someone infinitely smarter than you combines this bit of knowledge with another bit, mankind sees a tangible benefit.

      The flaw with this reasoning is that we have all sorts of interesting possible research. It isn't expensive super collider vs no research it is 10 billion dollars used for building a super collider vs 10 billion spent on other research.

    12. Re: Where's the applications? by forkazoo · · Score: 1

      Proton, Neutron, Electron. Have we come up with any new technologies out of any sub-atomic particles since then?

      Personally, I find this fascinating. Especially if it means the Standard Model has to be revised (again!), since you can never tell what you're going to get when the theory has to be scrapped....

      Understanding the quantum mechanical behavior of electrons has been very significant in modern semiconductor design and fabrication. A lot of pure research into subatomic particles has contributed to the computer that you used to ask the question. (Also, LED's, and LCD's, etc.)

    13. Re:Where's the applications? by Grishnakh · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I apologize in advance for my ignorant questions, but you seem like you might know the answers and be able to break it down for a layman like myself.

      First, how did Einstein postulate the existence of stimulated emission of light? Did he have some type of lab where he did experiments leading him to this conclusion, or is it all purely mathematical?

      Second, who figured out how to produce it, and how?

      As an engineer, this is the part I'm most interested in in this subject area: getting from some theorized effect in physics to being able to create and control this effect at will, and then coming up with useful applications for it. Maybe I'm missing something, but it seems like schools gloss over all this stuff; they talk about Einstein coming up with E=mc^2, briefly mention some guys working on the Manhattan Project, and boom, next thing you know there's atomic bombs exploding.

      I wonder what other interesting properties in physics have been written about, perhaps even verified experimentally, but no one's yet devised a way to harness them.

    14. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      You can't win if you don't play.

    15. Re:Where's the applications? by MillionthMonkey · · Score: 1

      Simply because you or I cannot find an immediate use for something does not mean that it is not useful.

      When your useful something is about to explode any picosecond, you'd better find an immediate use quick.

    16. Re:Where's the applications? by Aksimel · · Score: 1

      yea, and that fat guy goofing around with a kite and a key in a thunderstorm was totally wasting everyone's time too.

    17. Re:Where's the applications? by Merls+the+Sneaky · · Score: 2, Funny

      What would be the point of that? People in the future would already know the outcome.

    18. Re:Where's the applications? by NeutronCowboy · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Einstein was purely a theoretical physicist. He knew the state of the current experiments (Young's, various astronomical observations), and the state of the current math (specifically Maxwell and Boltzman). Beyond that, he managed to figure out brilliant thought experiments that pointed his math in the right direction, and was able to work with new interpretations of existing phenomena (such as his statistical interpretation of light phenomena). Actual lasers were first demonstrated in 1960.

      The reasons schools gloss over the engineering aspect are that it takes a very long time, a lot of people and a lot of tedious, small increments to go from a new physical effect to a working application. There's very little to be consistently learned about the engineering process that isn't already known.

      As for an interesting property that hasn't found an application: quantum entanglement. Yeah, we're kinda seeing baby steps, but consider how long people have been working on it, and how many supposed breakthroughs we've had. There isn't a gadget you can buy at radioshack that uses this.

      --
      Those who can, do. Those who can't, sue.
    19. Re:Where's the applications? by Jeng · · Score: 1

      Unfortunately they are all here playing chatroullette.

      People from the future are dicks.

      --
      Don't know something? Look it up. Still don't know? Then ask.
    20. Re:Where's the applications? by alexo · · Score: 1

      The flaw with this reasoning is that we have all sorts of interesting possible research. It isn't expensive super collider vs no research it is 10 billion dollars used for building a super collider vs 10 billion spent on other research.

      I guess that Gauss et al. should not have wasted their time on pure mathematics fields (such as number theory) that had absolutely no practical applications at the time.

    21. Re:Where's the applications? by Danse · · Score: 2, Insightful

      If we are going to get time travel out of it we would already be neck deep in time travelers and it would be impossible to get tickets to the world cup. Neither of those things is happening so this result will not give us time travel.

      Perhaps we're already knee deep in them and don't even know it. They're probably really good at creating identities for themselves, and if they ever fuck up, they could go back and fix it. Or perhaps this period in time is considered to be a pretty shitty time to come back to, so they don't bother?

      --
      It's not enough to bash in heads, you've got to bash in minds. - Captain Hammer
    22. Re:Where's the applications? by rmaureira · · Score: 1

      At least a redesigned toaster. I think that's doable in 15 years.

      Powered by FreeBSD.

      No no, by GNU/Hurd

    23. Re:Where's the applications? by SETIGuy · · Score: 4, Funny

      Make it 20 years then.

    24. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      First, how did Einstein postulate the existence of stimulated emission of light? Did he have some type of lab where he did experiments leading him to this conclusion, or is it all purely mathematical?

      Perhaps it was just a "hunch".

      Do you know why Kepler thought the Sun had to be at the centre of the solar system, and what he kept working at his planetary model until he got the math to work? He believe that the physical order followed the divine order: that God, as the source of all Truth and Light, was orbited by all other entities. The Sun, as the source of light in our realm of reality, therefore had to be orbited by all the entities in the sky:

      As he indicated in the title, Kepler thought he had revealed God’s geometrical plan for the universe. Much of Kepler’s enthusiasm for the Copernican system stemmed from his theological convictions about the connection between the physical and the spiritual; the universe itself was an image of God, with the Sun corresponding to the Father, the stellar sphere to the Son, and the intervening space between to the Holy Spirit. His first manuscript of Mysterium contained an extensive chapter reconciling heliocentrism with biblical passages that seemed to support geocentrism.[15]

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Kepler

    25. Re:Where's the applications? by mbkennel · · Score: 1

      Intermediate vector bosons are also charged, but there is still no practical way to engineer weak force.

      Then again, maybe there's no reason to.

    26. Re:Where's the applications? by Grishnakh · · Score: 1

      As for an interesting property that hasn't found an application: quantum entanglement.

      I don't think this is quite correct. Many applications involving cryptography and secure communications have been thought of for this, from what I've read about it. Getting it working is another matter. Some have even thought of using it for FTL communications (but I don't know if the phenomenon is actually FTL or not).

      It seems to me the applications shouldn't be that difficult to dream up. Of course, hindsight is 20-20 and I wasn't actually there to know if no one really thought of applications for lasers before they were invented, but it seems like several useful applications for them should have been fairly obvious right away, as soon as they were thought of in theory: applications involving precise measurement would be the first thing to come to mind.

      I'm pretty sure coming up with applications for nuclear fusion didn't take long either: obviously, someone thought it would make a great bomb early on.

      Of course, for any physics phenomenon or technology, there's going to be further applications that no one thinks of until later, after the technology becomes more commonplace, such as using lasers for Pink Floyd concerts or playing with cats. But it seems like a few initial applications for most phenomena should be readily apparent even before anyone's managed to verify it experimentally.

    27. Re:Where's the applications? by LeDopore · · Score: 5, Informative

      Mods: granted this is off-topic, but I'd like to indulge the parent post's questions. I am a biophysicist.

      Let me have a stab at explaining the history of stimulated emission and lasers.

      Einstein predicted stimulated emission based just on two things: the fact that atoms can absorb light and the fact that thermodynamically, as you approach infinite temperature all possible arrangements of particles become equally likely. Consider a collection of atoms that have a ground and an excited state. As temperature (and black-body radiation) increases, more and more photons will pump atoms into the excited state. Excited states naturally decay after a certain lifetime, but without stimulated emission, at higher temperatures more and more atoms would get pumped into the excited state, until an arbitrarily large fraction of atoms would be in the excited state at arbitrarily high temperature. However, from thermodynamics we know that as you approach arbitrarily high temperature there will be a 50/50 mix of ground state and excited atoms, since high temperature favors disorder (entropy) and 50/50 mixes are maximally disordered. Therefore, there must be a process whose rate is proportional to the intensity of the thermal radiation in the system that takes an atom from the excited to the ground state; this is stimulated emission.

      Different people give credit to different inventors of the laser, but you can make a good case for Charles Townes' input being timely and critical. He figured out that putting a gain medium (a material with population inversion - more atoms in the excited than the ground state) in an optical resonator would produce coherent light through stimulated emission. He turns 95 next month, and is still going strong last I heard.

      --
      Expected time to finish is 1 hour and 60 minutes.
    28. Re:Where's the applications? by MichaelSmith · · Score: 5, Funny

      What would be the point of that? People in the future would already know the outcome.

      I am an Australian so I already know the outcome of games involving my team but that wouldn't stop me from watching the game.

    29. Re: Where's the applications? by thrawn_aj · · Score: 1

      Positrons. It's not that the rest aren't useful (for analogous uses - essentially as probes of structure. Think of any field where physical structure needs to be probed. Then think of exotic particles as more useful probes that can replace light or that can probe more exotic properties of matter (like spin)). It's just that miniaturizing collider technology or getting otherwise practical sources for these particles is a major PITA. The day that happens is the day we can all have ghostbusters-style proton packs and kick some ectoplasmic ass. But I digress.

    30. Re:Where's the applications? by Eternauta3k · · Score: 1

      That's a common myth. It was actually his bastard son

      --
      Yeah. Would you choose a neurosurgeon who pokes around people's brains in his spare time? I wouldn't.
    31. Re:Where's the applications? by adamofgreyskull · · Score: 1

      "OK, so you think that time flows that way, do you? Interesting."

    32. Re:Where's the applications? by phizix · · Score: 1

      As an engineer, this is the part I'm most interested in in this subject area: getting from some theorized effect in physics to being able to create and control this effect at will, and then coming up with useful applications for it. Maybe I'm missing something, but it seems like schools gloss over all this stuff; they talk about Einstein coming up with E=mc^2, briefly mention some guys working on the Manhattan Project, and boom, next thing you know there's atomic bombs exploding.

      You should start by reading about this guy named Fermi.

    33. Re: Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Positron Emission Tomography

    34. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As for an interesting property that hasn't found an application: quantum entanglement. Yeah, we're kinda seeing baby steps, but consider how long people have been working on it, and how many supposed breakthroughs we've had. There isn't a gadget you can buy at radioshack that uses this.

      you may not be able to buy one at your local store, but major banks have been using entangled photons traveling through normal fiber optic lines to ensure no one is eavesdropping for about 10 years now

    35. Re:Where's the applications? by Bigjeff5 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      (but I don't know if the phenomenon is actually FTL or not).

      It is, that's what makes it cool. When particles are entangled, if you move one the other moves with no outside influence - the action is instantaneous and distance doesn't matter. The hard part right now is keeping them entangled at a distance - the further apart you move the particles the harder it is to keep them from losing their entanglement. So long as they are actually entangled, though, distance doesn't introduce any kind of delay in the reaction of one particle to another. If they could get it to work across the world it would be phenomenal, but so far they've only managed a few feet.

      In any case, the parent poster was talking about actual applications of quantum entanglement today. As you said, we've got ideas, but no applications yet.

      I personally think understanding how/why mass exists is going to do a lot in the area of energy at first, and if it opens up a more correct theory of physics the sky is the limit really. There is no telling what it might do for us.

      --
      Security is mostly a superstition... Avoiding danger is no safer in the long run than outright exposure. - Helen Keller
    36. Re:Where's the applications? by telomerewhythere · · Score: 1

      Google: natural laser
      First Hit: http://laserstars.org/news/MWC349.html

    37. Re:Where's the applications? by khallow · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I guess that Gauss et al. should not have wasted their time on pure mathematics fields (such as number theory) that had absolutely no practical applications at the time.

      I'm sure someone wasted their time on pure mathematics fields that had absolutely no practical applications at the time. Gauss wasn't one of those people. He wasted his time on fields, including pure mathematical fields, that had considerable application then and now. For example, his experience with number theory carried over to make a computation for the position of Ceres that was vastly simpler than existing methods and which since has become the "least squares method", one of the fundamental computing tools for many fields of science.

      This myth that one need not consider the value of the science that is researched is pervasive yet it fails to describe how science has actually been done. Yes, Gauss worked on a number of problems (such as the planar geometry problem of constructing a 17-sided polygon with straight edge and compass) that didn't have application (some still don't). But it's worth noting that as a result of his effort, he became knowledgeable about a great deal of mathematics, very proficient with computations, and discovered many other things during his lifetime that he wouldn't have, if he hadn't had been so aggressive in exploring mathematics. Nor would he have been a decent teacher of research mathematics with a number of important students.

      To be very blunt, any person who works on a field where there is no value returned in their lifetimes has never made it into the history books as a serious scientist. Every so often, you might find someone who anticipated a future development, but because it didn't catch on in their lifetimes, it's just of historical interest with no relevance to the development of the field (for example, the steam engine was invented in ancient Greece yet it has no relevance until the 17th or 18th century).

      In practice, now as then, scientists generally had important problems that they were trying to solve. And many, if not most of those scientists also worked on less importance, sometimes nearly irrelevant problems. But that latter work was low cost. You didn't have to sink ten billion dollars to play with quaternions or zap someone with a Leyden jar.

      Even if we grant your point quoted above, do you really think you can justify multi-billion dollar projects on the grounds that extremely cheap mathematicians puttered around centuries ago? A billion dollars is probably more than adequate to fund several thousand potential Gausses over their lifetimes. Maybe something like 20,000 mathematician years, if you spent it all now rather than through careful financing. Using your logic, that seems a lot bigger investment to me than pushing the envelop slightly on certain energetic particle collisions. I bet you'd be hard pressed to find any science that has a cost to scientific quantity comparable to mathematicians. So why not spend it all on mathematicians? My take is that any rebuttal of that argument has to take into account the value of the science involved.

    38. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I believe the GP is arguing about the lost opportunity of that $10 billion. There is a finite pool of cash, and many other projects that are asking for funding. Something else got the axe so the super collider could get built... given the light of the debt crises in the western nations, maybe that cash would have been better spent later rather than right now.

    39. Re:Where's the applications? by morphotomy · · Score: 1

      Define instantaneous when simultaneity is relative. Would you be able to communicate with people in the past from really far away? If you were in a spaceship and you were going really fast (good fraction of c) would your voice get all deep in a FTL transmission? If ou wer going c and you turned the headlights on...

    40. Re:Where's the applications? by Grishnakh · · Score: 1

      I personally think understanding how/why mass exists is going to do a lot in the area of energy at first, and if it opens up a more correct theory of physics the sky is the limit really. There is no telling what it might do for us.

      I've believed for some time that understanding the true nature of gravity would be revolutionary, and possibly allow such things as FTL propulsion and artificial gravity and other Star Trek-type things needed for deep-space travel. I guess the same would go for mass, as the two appear to be intertwined.

    41. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What would be the point of that? People in the future would already know the outcome.

      What if we run out of plastic in the future and miss the vuvuzela?

    42. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There isn't a gadget you can buy at radioshack that uses this.

      Yet.

      When we do I'll considered it widely sufficient to declare I've lived a life worth living.

      Oohh, watch out! Is that a singularity coming?

    43. Re:Where's the applications? by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      If we are going to get time travel out of it we would already be neck deep in time travelers and it would be impossible to get tickets to the world cup. Neither of those things is happening so this result will not give us time travel.

      Maybe this is the prime reality, and time travel just hasn't been discovered yet. Once it has been, your memories will be different, because the world cup will have been impossible to get tickets for.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    44. Re:Where's the applications? by alexo · · Score: 4, Informative

      I believe the GP is arguing about the lost opportunity of that $10 billion. There is a finite pool of cash, and many other projects that are asking for funding. Something else got the axe so the super collider could get built... given the light of the debt crises in the western nations, maybe that cash would have been better spent later rather than right now.

      Fair enough, let's address those claims.

      The construction of LHC was approved in 1995, way before there was a crisis in Europe. The total project cost (about half of the $10B figure according to this) is therefore spread across more than 15 years (assuming not all experiments have been run) and 20 countries. CERN's budget for last year was about $1B (see previous link) and a similar figure in 2008 and I fully expect them to spend that money on nuclear research, as per their charter; there are other organizations that concern themselves with world hunger, bank bailouts, etc.

      Now, let's put the numbers into perspective.
      There are *individuals* that can finance the LHC 5 times over. Speaking about countries, in 2009 Germany was the largest contributor to CERN with ~$200M, which was roughly 0.006% of their GDP.

      Oh, and by the way, the discovery was made at Fermilab's Tevatron, which is both older and significantly cheaper than the LHC.

    45. Re:Where's the applications? by General+Fault · · Score: 1

      Since it sounds like you might have an answer, I've had this question for a long time. If a particles heat can be represented by it's entrophic motion, and since motion is limited by the speed of light, is there an absolute maximum temperature for a particle? Can a particle use uncertanty to violate this limit? Sorry for the off-topic post, but I've never had a better oportunity to ask this question and expect an intelligent answer.

      --
      No man is an island... But I wouldn't mind having a bigger moat.
    46. Re:Where's the applications? by wanax · · Score: 2, Informative

      If you're interested in a very well written history of early nuclear physics and the atomic bomb, I'd highly recommend Richard Rhodes book The Making of the Atomic Bomb. It does a phenomenal job of covering the theory, experiments and engineering involved in big chunk of nuclear research. It is very well written and has compelling mini-biographies of several of the scientists. No Einstein lasers though.

    47. Re:Where's the applications? by chill · · Score: 1

      Nah. All time travelers from the future are Americans, and none of them actually care about soccer. That's a kids game.

      Besides, most of them are back trying to figure out who the little Aramaic-speaking, middle-eastern, liberal Jew is and what he did with the real, white, English-speaking, American, registered Republican, Jesus.

      --
      Learning HOW to think is more important than learning WHAT to think.
    48. Re:Where's the applications? by ImABanker · · Score: 1

      Rhodes' "Making of the Atomic Bomb" has an excellent recap of the path the atomic physics took from discovery of atom to the atom bomb, with a strong focus on how the physical experiments were married to the theoretical. In fact, there are a number of examples of people uncovering results in physical experiments without realizing the implications. For instance, the Joliot-Curies ran experiments which demonstrated the existence of both the neutron and positron, without realizing it. Others came up with the theory, realized the Joliot-Curies misinterpreted their findings and achieved glory. Doesn't go too in-depth on some phenomena like the photoelectric effect, but I can highly recommend it for the path between the birth of quantum physics and the atomic bomb.

    49. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There's only so much energy in the universe, so yeah, there's a maximum possible temperature.

    50. Re:Where's the applications? by pipedwho · · Score: 1, Informative

      At a certain energy, the particle will eventually be torn apart into its constituent subatomic particles. This is effectively what the super-colliders and particle accelerators do.

    51. Re: Where's the applications? by stevelinton · · Score: 1

      Muon spin resonance is real technology.

       

    52. Re:Where's the applications? by FrangoAssado · · Score: 3, Informative

      When particles are entangled, if you move one the other moves with no outside influence - the action is instantaneous and distance doesn't matter.

      No -- if you move one particle, the other doesn't move instantly. Entanglement is much more subtle than that; in fact, it's hard to explain what exactly is shared between the particles without using math. One point is important, though: it's not possible to send information faster than light using quantum entanglement. So, all that talk about "instantaneous" reaction is a little misleading.

      The hard part right now is keeping them entangled at a distance - the further apart you move the particles the harder it is to keep them from losing their entanglement.

      The difficulty in maintaining (quantum) coherence has nothing to do with the distance between the particles. It's just that the particles must be kept completely isolated from everything else -- any interaction with anything else breaks the entanglement.

      So long as they are actually entangled, though, distance doesn't introduce any kind of delay in the reaction of one particle to another.

      Well, sure, for a suitable definition of "reaction". And remember it's a one time deal: once you interact with one of the particles, the other one suffers the "reaction" and then the entanglement is broken.

      If they could get it to work across the world it would be phenomenal, but so far they've only managed a few feet.

      Actually, it has been done over a few kilometers, see for example this paper.

    53. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As an engineer, this is the part I'm most interested in in this subject area: getting from some theorized effect in physics to being able to create and control this effect at will, and then coming up with useful applications for it. Maybe I'm missing something, but it seems like schools gloss over all this stuff; they talk about Einstein coming up with E=mc^2, briefly mention some guys working on the Manhattan Project, and boom, next thing you know there's atomic bombs exploding.

      Transition from science into engineering begins with experiment setups which are demonstrations of principle toys for highly educated grown-ups. Experiments are published and others are trying them, with or without variations. Experienced engineers working on their experiment setups construction and testing get to play with them and in the process, comparing that new stuff with stuff they have already seen in their careers, they get insight and "feel" about what application that new phenomenon could fit in and they work on transforming makeshift experiment setups into sound, quality projects with all safety mechanisms, commands with reduced unnecessary degrees of freedom and improved ease of use. That is the point where abstract notions condense into everyday objects.

    54. Re:Where's the applications? by impaledsunset · · Score: 1

      The Temporal Prime Directive which is stopping all those time travellers.

    55. Re:Where's the applications? by impaledsunset · · Score: 1

      There's always the possibility for surprise, however slightest it is. Time travellers don't have that.

    56. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >> As for an interesting property that hasn't found an application: quantum entanglement

      Actually, there are commercial applications of quantum entanglement. There are working commercial implementations of quantum cryptography, that are based on quantum entanglement.

    57. Re:Where's the applications? by RockWolf · · Score: 1

      I am an Australian so I already know the outcome of games involving my team but that wouldn't stop me from watching the game.

      Aussie Aussie Aussi... Ah, fuckit, lets go to the pub and watch the game there.

      --
      February 9th, 2009 8:55pm: Slashdot becomes self-aware.
    58. Re:Where's the applications? by Guignol · · Score: 1

      Disregarding the whole boring soccer thing, you seem to imply that if time travel becomes possible, then it already "happened-will happen"
      This is wrong because even in a time travel enabling universe there would still be the concept of "first time" and also because time travel might have many different dynamics that void this argument.
      (that being said I am not really deffending the idea of time travel being possible at all, I'm just telling you that you are not disproving it with those arguments)

    59. Re:Where's the applications? by MichaelSmith · · Score: 1

      No, I am building a joke around the idea. If you are interested John Varley did this with his novel Millennium. It started with a great tightly written time travel story Air Raid which became a really crap movie Millennium. The novel was based on the movie and Varley turned it into an essay on time travel SF. Its a lot of fun including a bit where the time travellers need to fake the cockpit voice recording of a crashed airliner so they tape the replay session and...

    60. Re:Where's the applications? by LeDopore · · Score: 1

      Hi General Fault,

      It's a particle's kinetic energy, not its speed, that's related to temperature. (The constant of proportionality is called Boltzmann's constant k, related to R, the ideal gas constant.) Since particles become more massive as they approach c and kinetic energy depends on both mass and speed (.5 * m * v * v), the energy starts going more into increased mass and less into increased speed as you approach c. In fact you can put an arbitrary amount of kinetic energy into them with them still traveling slower than c. Ridiculously-energetic particles still go slower than light - for instance the particles at the LHC travel at something like 99.999% of the speed of light. So really high-temperature objects would start having their particles get more massive rather than substantially faster.

      --
      Expected time to finish is 1 hour and 60 minutes.
    61. Re:Where's the applications? by Prof.Phreak · · Score: 1

      Maybe one way nature avoids paradoxes is by simply not allowing the past to see the future---but not the other way around? That would mean you could have time travelers, but we would be unaware of them (and they'd have no way of altering things that have consequences to their existence). Sort of like the ability to view a very detailed recording of history...

      --

      "If anything can go wrong, it will." - Murphy

    62. Re:Where's the applications? by MichaelSmith · · Score: 1

      Do you mean that time travellers could observe us but not interact? The influence of observers on the observed seems to be pretty much embedded in quantum mechanics and (when you think about it) classical mechanics.

      Of course our records are a kind of time travel (we watch old movies) and we all travel into the future.

    63. Re:Where's the applications? by grep_rocks · · Score: 1

      I agree - when an investment banker can make $10 billion in one year I really don't think it was that big an investment or wasted opprotunity - 10 million dollar mansions in the hamptons and 200K sports cars or running up the prices of commodities when there is no real demand are true wasted opprotunities...

    64. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or maybe time travel is possible but any universe where time travel causes significant instabilities because of it are destroyed and the only universes that "are" have a minimal or no level of time travel.

    65. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The Tevatron can find evidence particles exist, but is not powerful enough to really easily prove the existence of these particles. Usually all it can get are hints of what is out there.

      Still, the Tevatron team has done an amazin job at nipping at LHCs heels, and with the continual upgrades in technology, has been able to make some good discoveries.

    66. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As an engineer, this is the part I'm most interested in in this subject area: getting from some theorized effect in physics to being able to create and control this effect at will, and then coming up with useful applications for it. Maybe I'm missing something, but it seems like schools gloss over all this stuff; they talk about Einstein coming up with E=mc^2, briefly mention some guys working on the Manhattan Project, and boom, next thing you know there's atomic bombs exploding.

      Read the Los Alamos Primer. The 1992 edition, with the intro by Rhodes, covers the sorts of questions you're after. Serber's annotations are what you're looking for: Basically, back in the 40s, they didn't know the actual values for the physical constants, so they had to measure them via experiment (and it's hard to experiment with stuff when the reactors used to produce said stuff haven't even been built yet!) Sometimes they got it right, sometimes they got it wrong, and the interesting part of the project was designing something that'd work with a range of values. From Lise Meitner's paper on fission in Germany, Fermi's atomic pile in Chicago to the actual device used at Trinity, they started with nothing more than a rough theoretical idea and managed to work out all the details on the fly as data came in. Brilliant engineering.

    67. Re:Where's the applications? by Tarsir · · Score: 1

      If time travel is possible, it will probably never be discovered (or rather, will be discovered, then reversed by someone changing the time line). 'Time travel discovered' is a state of unstable equilibrium in that, so long as it is possible, people will go back in time to change some feature of their lives. Since there will always be some improvement you can make, people will keep going back until they inadvertently change things so that time travel is never discovered, at which point the timeline will enter a state of stable equilibrium, because people will have no way of changing it, except in the usual way.

    68. Re:Where's the applications? by orient · · Score: 1

      A scientist plays with the mathematical model and, eventually, gets an interesting equation/formula and can say: mathematics allow it, the physics don't forbid it, so it must be possible.

      An engineer, on the other hand, is paid to solve a problem and he looks for the science that would best serve him.

      --
      Laudele lor desigur m-ar mahni peste masura.
    69. Re:Where's the applications? by DocHoncho · · Score: 1

      If nothing else the research Tevatron results can provide some direction for further testing by the LHC whenever they finally get that beastie up and running at full tilt.

      --
      Celebrity worship is a poor substitute for Deity worship and costs more to boot.
    70. Re:Where's the applications? by andersa · · Score: 1

      To calculate the light spectrum of a star you need three components. Light from spontaneous emission, light from stimulated emission and lastly absorbtion. How these three source contribute again depends on star size, temperature and metal composition. That's one example.

    71. Re:Where's the applications? by marcosdumay · · Score: 1

      When people say that Quantum Mechanics is not compatible with General Relativity, this is one of the problems they have in mind. Quantum entaglement is instantaneous, but that specific feature doesn't really make much difference, since it can't be used to communicate data.

    72. Re:Where's the applications? by marcosdumay · · Score: 1

      At most times, the conservation of momentum prohibits the particles to change into something else. That is one of the reasons people use coliders to make those experiments, when a particle colides with another one with the same momentum amplitude, but inverse direction, the total momentum is zero.

      Also, the particles don't change into their constituents. They change into lots of things that may already be there or not, depending on the experiment.

    73. Re:Where's the applications? by Thing+1 · · Score: 1

      Maybe this is the prime reality, and time travel just hasn't been discovered yet.

      I prefer the converse of that: given that we're working our way towards computer simulations that are more and more real, what are the chances that we're currently experiencing in the original?

      My favorite take on unreality is that we're a simulation running on some grad student's professor's computer, taking a few % of the CPU, no big deal; it resolves chairs, people, cars, and sometimes (depending on the lighting), dust. However, once we achieve nanotechnology, it will need to resolve (and keep track of) every individual atom, making the simulation take more and more CPU cycles until the professor says, "shut it down, I need to get some real work done."

      Thus nanotechnology is both saviour, and the Stay-Puft Marshmallow Man.

      --
      I feel fantastic, and I'm still alive.
    74. Re:Where's the applications? by geekoid · · Score: 1

      presumptions.

      1) That time travel is cheap
      2) That we are interesting enough to time travel to
      3) That you would recognize them4) The people in the future haven't realized what a boring waster current Soccer is.
      4) And that they would want to come see something that's pretty well known.

      Almost as bad a Steven Hawking having a party and then sending the invites after the party to any time traveler

      How much hubris does that guy have?

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    75. Re:Where's the applications? by Thing+1 · · Score: 1

      The Sun, as the source of light in our realm of reality, therefore had to be orbited by all the entities in the sky:

      See the first third of the free-on-the-Internet movie Zeitgeist, which describes how most religions are "Sun-God religions". This then makes perfect, circular sense: we observed that everything came from the Sun, formed it into a God, passed it down through various religions (Horus comes to mind), and then idiotic religious zealots decide that they are the center of the universe, and killed scientists for disbelieving; and then finally, the scientists were right all along, but so were the early religions. Weird.

      --
      I feel fantastic, and I'm still alive.
    76. Re:Where's the applications? by TangoMargarine · · Score: 1

      Do *you* remember the winners, or even the teams, in the last couple dozen world cups? Sure, you could look them up, but...

      --
      Unity? Screw that: XFCE. Slashdot Beta? Screw that: SoylentNews. Australis? Screw that: Pale Moon. UX developers DIAF
    77. Re:Where's the applications? by DamnStupidElf · · Score: 1

      Babbage, Da Vinci, and several others had ideas that couldn't be effectively implemented in their own age, yet we still remember them. On the whole, if an idea is useful enough it is usually rediscovered by science when it becomes practical. Sometimes we may forget who the originator was or name a discovery after a re-discoverer, but it's *all* built on the shoulders of giants.

      As you said, the problem is how to divvy up the money. Is it worth funding 20,000 mathematicians for a year? Most of them would be mathematicians anyway. What 20,000 physicists can't do on their own is build a large hadron collider.

    78. Re:Where's the applications? by khallow · · Score: 1

      Babbage, Da Vinci, and several others had ideas that couldn't be effectively implemented in their own age, yet we still remember them.

      That would be a wrong way to look at them. I have ideas that can't be effectively implemented either (for example, using the Wolf 424 binary system as a natural "spaceship" for traversing the galaxy at somewhere over 500 km/s in a different direction than the Solar System). Does that mean I'll be remembered too?

      As I see it, these names confirm my claims. They're famous for what they did, not for what they thought about, but couldn't do. Da Vinci has a lot of architecture, artwork, and ideas that worked out in his time. Similarly, Babbage didn't get the first computer to work, but he advanced the state of analogue computing considerably (and this was to play a major role in human society through to the end of the Second World War).

    79. Re:Where's the applications? by Khashishi · · Score: 1

      err, but that creates a paradox

    80. Re:Where's the applications? by Khashishi · · Score: 1

      The question shows that you are stuck to the classical way of thinking: events happen at specific points in space-time, and you can exactly pinpoint the time when something occurs (in a frame of reference).

      In quantum mechanics, events don't happen at points in space-time, but between waves which interact in all of space-time. It's not exactly possible to say when something happened, so it's not exactly meaningful to say two things happened simultaneously. One way of looking at it is to say everything happens simultaneously to a (vanishingly) small degree.

      Only probability keeps you from using quantum mechanics for FTL communications. This is kind of analogous to the second law of thermodynamics, which is only true in the probabilistic sense. If we can develop an infinite improbability drive...

    81. Re:Where's the applications? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, at a certain energy, the energy of the collision is sufficient to create new (pairs of) particles out of that energy - particles that haven't been there before.

    82. Re:Where's the applications? by FrangoAssado · · Score: 1

      When people say that Quantum Mechanics is not compatible with General Relativity, this is one of the problems they have in mind.

      Not really. Special Relativity already has this "feature", and Quantum Mechanics is compatible with it since the late 1920s (see the Dirac equation).

      Quantum Mechanics (specifically, the Standard Model) is incompatible with General Relativity because GR describes gravity as a distortion of space-time, but in the SM the other forces (electromagnetic, weak and strong) are carried by bosons. These are fundamentally different views of nature, and there seems to be no coherent way of reconciling them.

    83. Re:Where's the applications? by General+Fault · · Score: 1

      As soon as you said "kenetic energy" it all clicked. The temperature is in effect unlimited by the very nature of E=mc^2. The temperature being a measure of E must be infinite for the particle speed to reach c. Balanced by the fact that the relative mass would also be infinite at c. Nice... Thank you - unless I've got it wrong, then please correct. But it seems pretty simple now.

      --
      No man is an island... But I wouldn't mind having a bigger moat.
  4. Polytheism by drstock · · Score: 4, Funny

    So if the Higgs particle is the 'God particle', does this mean that polytheism is the way to go? Yay Hinduism?

    --
    My other comment is funny
    1. Re:Polytheism by thrawn_aj · · Score: 1

      IAAP and I wince every time I hear that moronic name for the Higgs. Probably a funding trick or some in-joke. Old physicists turning to religion when they feel their mind turning to mush in their twilight years is a sad end to otherwise illustrious careers (and not altogether implausible as a reason for this ridiculous name).

    2. Re:Polytheism by Bill,+Shooter+of+Bul · · Score: 1

      No three persons, one substance. Sounds like the Trinity to me. Christians win.

      --
      Well.. maybe. Or Maybe not. But Definitely not sort of.
    3. Re:Polytheism by Bill,+Shooter+of+Bul · · Score: 4, Funny

      Except there are five, and I suck at reading comprehension. I must be a regular here.

      --
      Well.. maybe. Or Maybe not. But Definitely not sort of.
    4. Re:Polytheism by ArbitraryDescriptor · · Score: 1

      Three persons = Neutral charge (x3), Positive, Negative. Neutral charge is just.. more plentiful. Hell, it makes as much sense as the the Trinity, don't be so hard on yourself :)

    5. Re:Polytheism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      and I suck at reading comprehension

      So what you are saying is that you really are Christian huh ?

    6. Re:Polytheism by Bigjeff5 · · Score: 1

      Probably a funding trick or some in-joke.

      Or perhaps it's because it's the explanation that accounts for everything of substance in the universe (aka mass), yet has remained hitherto unseen.

      Sorta like a religious explanation of god, don't you think? God is a divine being responsible for the entire universe, yet nobody has seen him. Higgs boson is responsible for all the mass in the universe, yet nobody has seen it. Sounds like a "God particle" to me, especially since it's the lynch-pin for the existence of all matter in the universe.

      The only reason I could see for you cringing whenever you hear it is some misplaced violent anti-god sentiment.

      --
      Security is mostly a superstition... Avoiding danger is no safer in the long run than outright exposure. - Helen Keller
    7. Re:Polytheism by thrawn_aj · · Score: 1

      Irrelevantist, more than anti. And I cringed (incorrectly - see later) mostly because of what that said about the scientist who named it (again, incorrectly). But that's neither here nor there, you see. Courtesy of a poster further down this thread, it turns out that Leon Lederman originally called it the "goddamn particle" (presumably because of how difficult it was to look for). His editor changed it to the "god particle" for obvious reasons. [source]

      Now that I think about it though, it wasn't such a bad name and I shouldn't have cringed at it. After all, in the realm of science, the concept of god has been a convenient placeholder for everything that is (as yet) unknown, regardless of how people actually view it. It is the dark area on our map - "here be dragons". If and when it is actually observed of course, we should probably switch back to its proper name by honoring its postulator [sic?].

      It is of course amusing when physicists, who are renowned for their underhanded sense of humor, bestow strange labels upon their creations that - a few iterations of Chinese Whispers later - are treated dead seriously.

      Coming back to my cringe, wouldn't one cringe if people called ${your favorite prophet} "the atomic messiah"? It's a simple matter of "what sounds right" and in that respect, is a personal matter.

      More seriously though, it is a horrible idea to label entirely new phenomena/concepts with old names. This is why labeling effects with it's creator's name is much more than just an homage - it prevents old concepts from infecting new ones with their (sometimes obsolete) baggage. Laypersons (and even scientists) are fucked over by this kind of tomfoolery. Words have meaning, and when used in a half-assed way, wreak cognitive havoc. The science writer John Gribbin once wrote that after the quantum mechanical nature of particles was confirmed, the electron should have been renamed (to a "slithy tove" was his tongue-in-cheek suggestion) to get over the "particle-ness" inherent in the "electron" appellation. My irritation arises from that deeper issue. The god stuff is a minor annoyance at this point, not worth the trouble.

      Mark my words, there will be at least one "cult of the Higgs" that will worship this particle merely because of the popular name. I haven't decided yet if that's a bad thing or just plain awesome =]

    8. Re:Polytheism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes, five lights. That is correct, you are now free to go.

    9. Re:Polytheism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There is a triune god concept in Hinduism as well, a more sensible one than Christianity's: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimurti

    10. Re:Polytheism by TheNarrator · · Score: 1

      Well then Heim Theory is atheism, or some sort of occult school because it does not predict the Higgs Boson.

      Empirical confirmation of supersymmetry (for example detecting the hypothetical Lightest Supersymmetric Particle or any other particle predicted by the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model) would falsify all existing versions of Heim theory, which are mutually exclusive with supersymmetry. Also, it is not certain whether Heim theory would be able to accommodate the existence of the Higgs boson, the only undiscovered particle expected in the Standard Model, and one which has not been predicted by the published versions of the Heim mass formula. Heim theory is said to be a Higgs-less theory as it is not dependent on the Higgs mechanism for the concept of mass. The ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider are likely to discover the Higgs boson in the next several years, if it exists.

    11. Re:Polytheism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah, but splitting the Holy Ghost into three neutral particles fits the bill...

      Until it leads you to thoughts of an awkward 4-way to conceive Mary's child.

    12. Re:Polytheism by geekoid · · Score: 1

      Don't have a cow, man.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  5. turtles all the way down by chill · · Score: 3, Insightful

    you gotta love nature. just when you think you figured out what is behind the curtain, nature reveals yet another curtain.

    --
    Learning HOW to think is more important than learning WHAT to think.
    1. Re:turtles all the way down by ducomputergeek · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I remember hearing the theory that just as we get close to figuring out the universe, it instantly morphs into something more complex and confusing. Personally, it's the best explanation yet into how the universe works.

      --
      "The problem with socialism is eventually you run out of other people's money" - Thatcher.
    2. Re:turtles all the way down by Geirzinho · · Score: 4, Informative

      That is Douglas Adams theory, one of many brilliant theories in The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy (http://www.amazon.com/Hitchhikers-Guide-Galaxy-Douglas-Adams/dp/0345391802).

    3. Re:turtles all the way down by paiute · · Score: 1

      I remember hearing the theory that just as we get close to figuring out the universe, it instantly morphs into something more complex and confusing. Personally, it's the best explanation yet into how the universe works.

      No, you remember hearing that when we figure out the universe, we win the game:

      http://www.scribd.com/doc/19550880/GUT-The-Grand-Unified-Theory-A-oneact-play-with-seven-blackouts

      --
      If Slashdot were chemistry it would look like this:Cadaverine
    4. Re:turtles all the way down by niktemadur · · Score: 1

      you gotta love nature. just when you think you figured out what is behind the curtain, nature reveals yet another curtain.

      Right, yet another case of "Who ordered THAT?!!".

      --
      Lil' Thindime, lilting a lacrimose lament, krashes the kwaint konfines of Kokonino Kounty
    5. Re:turtles all the way down by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I remember hearing the theory that just as we get close to figuring out the universe, it instantly morphs into something more complex and confusing. Personally, it's the best explanation yet into how the universe works.

      That's also the best explanation into how women work.

    6. Re:turtles all the way down by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      Amazon.com? Screw that, you can check it out at your local public library. Only a moron buys a book written by someone he hasn't read before. Link to Wikipedia's entry so he can see if he's even interested enough to go to the library.

      Adams based his five book trilogy ;) on the radio series he wrote. There was also a TV series I still have on tape, and a movie; I need to replace my copy, as somebody stole it.

      I never could get off the planet playing the text adventure on the Apple IIe.

    7. Re:turtles all the way down by Gogo0 · · Score: 1

      lie on the ground, follow ford, eat the peanuts, follow ford, safety!
      though then youre blind and deaf in the vogon cruiser, which was another significant puzzle IMO.

      i had a hell of a time when i was 10 or so trying to stop the dozer from wrecking my house and having a flying brick smash my head in. i had read the book and listened to the radio series multiple times and i knew what to do, i had to "lay" in the mud, but it wouldnt let me!
      finally i did "lie" in the mud and could progress. still irks me a little that they didnt make lay == lie in the game for kids such as myself.

    8. Re:turtles all the way down by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I remember hearing the theory that just as we get close to figuring out the universe, it instantly morphs into something more complex and confusing.

      Kinda like the theory of World of Warcraft.

    9. Re:turtles all the way down by Thud457 · · Score: 1

      I never got that goddamned babelfish!
      I've still got the Atari in the attic, I should fire it up and find the walkthrough on teh intarwarbs so I can finish it just out of spite!

      --

      the preceding comment is my own and in no way reflects the opinion of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

  6. More elementary particles than non-elementary by smoothnorman · · Score: 1

    I recall when being an "elementary particle" meant that there would be only a very small number of different types. Now a passe' notion, i understand. ...wait, actually I don't understand.

    1. Re:More elementary particles than non-elementary by uranus65 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      What is it about a particle that makes it have a particular charge? What is charge fundamentally? Are these known things or just stupid questions on my part? It seems to me if two particles can be different (positive or negative) then they must consist of something smaller that makes them that way.

    2. Re:More elementary particles than non-elementary by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Not stupid at all. The whole idea of a "particle" is kind of misleading. What is really going on at this scale (quantum field theory) is far more terrifying and mind bending that basic quantum mechanics (which is by itself very disturbing).

      To simplify it slightly (or a whole lot actually), there are fundamental fields (like the electric and magnetic fields, for instance) which which have some associated energy density. Fields can also interact, (that is, if the fields are both nonzero at some point, there is additional energy due to them both being nonzero).

      This is all fine and dandy (no particles yet). What we have described is classical field theory. Once we quantize these fields (i.e.,
      bring in the quantum in QFT) the discrete steps these fields can take on become the "particles." The interactions between the fields become the force carriers, etc. These notions of "charge" correspond to how the fields couple.

      Physics is hard. :(

    3. Re:More elementary particles than non-elementary by osu-neko · · Score: 1

      I recall when being an "elementary particle" meant that there would be only a very small number of different types. Now a passe' notion, i understand. ...wait, actually I don't understand.

      Nobody understands physics. If you think you understand physics, you missed something...

      --
      "Convictions are more dangerous enemies of truth than lies."
    4. Re:More elementary particles than non-elementary by Bigjeff5 · · Score: 1

      Physics is hard. :(

      Noooo shit. That's possibly the understatement of the century.

      This whole thing is driven by the fact that energy and matter must be the same thing, yet the common understanding is that they are completely different.

      Physics is all about why everything (literally everything) works. And the more we know, the more we realize we don't know. It's like running faster and the goal line just gets farther away.

      --
      Security is mostly a superstition... Avoiding danger is no safer in the long run than outright exposure. - Helen Keller
    5. Re:More elementary particles than non-elementary by Chris+Burke · · Score: 1

      "Elementary particle" has always meant that it was a particle that was not composed of smaller ones. It was fundamental, in a sense. As far as we know, electrons and photons are examples of elementary particles; they aren't composed of any smaller stuff. We used to think protons and neutrons were elementary, but now we know they're made of quarks. We think quarks are elementary.

      In between those two periods, collider experiments had shown over four hundred different particles.

      So, compared to when we only knew about electrons, protons, and neutrons, and didn't know about photons or the other particles that replace fields as creating the forces, the current theory has quite a few particles. Turns out the universe is more complicated than that, but hey, the modern theory is in its own way more elegant than a giant particle zoo, eh?

      --

      The enemies of Democracy are
    6. Re:More elementary particles than non-elementary by BlueParrot · · Score: 0

      Physics is hard. :(

      Not really. You simply drop all non-linear terms in the expansion and then it's downhill from there

    7. Re:More elementary particles than non-elementary by IndustrialComplex · · Score: 1

      It's like running faster and the goal line just gets farther away.

      I'd say it's like running faster and the goal line has shifted into a parallel universe in which alternate you has already crossed the goal line and is making childish faces at you.

      And he is wearing a cowboy hat.

      --
      Out of modpoints but really liked a post? 1BDkF6TtmmeZ3yqXbz9yhdYVqRYnwFoXDj
    8. Re:More elementary particles than non-elementary by Danny+Rathjens · · Score: 1

      And we used to think that atoms were the elementary particles before we discovered electrons, protons, and neutrons. Didn't we all learn that the name atom comes from the greek atomos for uncuttable or indivisible? :D

    9. Re:More elementary particles than non-elementary by Chris+Burke · · Score: 1

      Funnily enough I remember learning that definition in computer science, not physics.

      By the way, wouldn't that mean an "atomic" bomb would be useless, since it couldn't explode? Heh.

      --

      The enemies of Democracy are
    10. Re:More elementary particles than non-elementary by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I think I need to go back and start with "Into the Looking Glass" (John Ringo, later books by Ringo and Travis S. Taylor) again...

  7. Ironically by Tybalt_Capulet · · Score: 2, Insightful

    They built the LHC at Cern for something that was found out at the place they were trying to make obsolete.

    --
    Has the old saint in his forest not yet heard of it? That God is dead?
    1. Re:Ironically by hedwards · · Score: 2, Informative

      Well, they were making a bet that they'd either need the additional power or that they'd get there first eliminating things more quickly. The problem though was that there wasn't any definitive evidence that they needed the extra power and the technology was sufficiently advanced that they screwed up in a few places, giving the guys over in the US the chance to keep plugging away at it. Since technically speaking the Higgs Boson still hasn't been found, the LHC still might do it, but they've lost a lot of time in the search.

    2. Re:Ironically by ArbitraryDescriptor · · Score: 5, Informative
      To be fair, they didn't actually "find" any Higgs-boson particles. They found "a one percent difference between the production of pairs of muons and pairs of antimuons in the decay of B mesons produced in high-energy collisions." And I started digging through wikipedia and some really hairy PDFs to find out why that matters and then my head exploded. Did you know muon's can displace electrons? Or that they can actually take an electron and create an element called muonium, that is effectively really light (1/9th mass) hydrogen, for a fraction of a second? Fuck, man. I hate my job, why can't I do that?

      Anyway, from the Symmetry write up:

      While the Tevatron can perform these indirect searches, it is too early to tell yet if the Higgs bosons would have masses the Tevatron can detect or would only be within reach of the higher-energy LHC.

    3. Re:Ironically by John+Hasler · · Score: 2, Informative

      The LHC wasn't built just to find the Higgs.

      --
      Warning: this article may contain humor, sarcasm, parody, and perhaps even irony. Read at your own risk.
    4. Re:Ironically by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      Good thing, too, or they would have built it in the wrong country. Everyone knows The Higgs be in Scotland.

    5. Re:Ironically by osu-neko · · Score: 1

      They built the LHC at Cern for something that was found out at the place they were trying to make obsolete.

      Good thing, too, since we'll need the LHC to figure out what's going on here and why, as explained in TFA.

      --
      "Convictions are more dangerous enemies of truth than lies."
    6. Re:Ironically by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Did you know muon's can displace electrons?

      What can unnecessary apostrophes displace?

    7. Re:Ironically by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      What is even cooler about muons displacing electrons is that, because the muons are so much heavier, they tend to sit much closer to the core of the atom. This massively reduces the amount of energy needed to get two nuclei close enough together to produce fusion. This is called muon-catalyzed fusion.

      Unfortunately, muons are very short lived. Kind of dashes our hopes for cold fusion :(

    8. Re:Ironically by trip11 · · Score: 1
      The story told to me by Dr. Jackson (of electrodynamics fame):

      It's catalyzed fusion because the muon isn't used up, it is released to catalyze again. When they discovered this, people were really excited because the muon *does* live long enough to get past the break-even point even when you consider the energy used to create the muon in the first place. There was all kinds of talk of cold fusion (this was back in the 60s I think). The catch is about a 1% chance that the muon gets ejected in such a way from the fusion such that it can't catalyze the next one. That argument is a bit more subtle, but it is apparently what causes the whole thing to fall apart when talking about a net energy gain. It just takes more energy to produce a muon than ~100 fusing hydrogen atoms will provide.

    9. Re:Ironically by geekoid · · Score: 1

      It also finds TC and Magnum.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    10. Re:Ironically by lennier · · Score: 1

      Did you know muon's can displace electrons? Or that they can actually take an electron and create an element called muonium, that is effectively really light (1/9th mass) hydrogen, for a fraction of a second? Fuck, man. I hate my job, why can't I do that?

      We IT adminstrators could all achieve technical miracles if our enterprise backbone only had to have uptimes in the 2 microsecond range.

      --
      You are not a brain: http://books.google.com/books?id=2oV61CeDx-YC
  8. Re: I need a bazzilion dollars... by Black+Parrot · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Anybody else think this is modern-day snake oil?

    No.

    Have you ever considered what technologies we wouldn't have today if people hadn't concerned themselves with the surprising spectrum of black body radiation over a century ago?

    --
    Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
  9. Re:I need a bazzilion dollars... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    nope

  10. like being able to build ZPM's? by Joe+The+Dragon · · Score: 2, Funny

    like being able to build ZPM's?

  11. Where's my gravity gun? by Noitatsidem · · Score: 1

    Okay, but this doesn't tell me where my gravity gun is-- Yeah sure I'm getting along great with this crowbar, but seriously give me my gravity gun.

    --
    Feel free to mod me down, just know that unlike some Anonymous Cowards I'm not afraid to express my views as myself.
    1. Re:Where's my gravity gun? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      In the trunk of your flying car?

    2. Re:Where's my gravity gun? by mbkennel · · Score: 1

      Actually as far as I know the Higgs field doesn't help say anything about actual gravitation, whether passive (inertia) or active (causing space-time warping), since the Standard Model has no gravitation in it. It's more something which defines the relationships of rest masses of particles.

      The actual particle physics of gravitation could be something else entirely.

      So, no gravity gun for you.

    3. Re:Where's my gravity gun? by Randle_Revar · · Score: 1

      >gravity gun
      all well and good, but when it comes to hand held gravity guns, I prefer the Xeelee Starbreaker

    4. Re:Where's my gravity gun? by Bigjeff5 · · Score: 1

      What do you think is driving this?

      Everybody knows gravity guns are frickin sweet, but we need to find the Higgs in order to build one. Hopefully it doesn't take too many of them though, it looks super expensive to make Higgs bosons.

      --
      Security is mostly a superstition... Avoiding danger is no safer in the long run than outright exposure. - Helen Keller
    5. Re:Where's my gravity gun? by holmstar · · Score: 1

      But a mass gun/mass modification device might be possible. It would probably require mc^2 energy to modify mass, but it might be possible. This could have the effect of a gravity gun... Hit something with it, and it immediately falls under it's own increased weight.

  12. Re:I need a bazzilion dollars... by BorgHunter · · Score: 1

    Anybody else think this is modern-day snake oil?

    No. And on the other hand, no.

    --
    "Excuse me, did you say 'Trekker'? The word is 'Trekkie.' I should know; I created them." -- Gene Roddenberry
  13. It was originally "The Goddamn Particle" by mbkennel · · Score: 5, Informative

    not the portentious/pretentious "God Particle".

    Leon Lederman called it The Goddamn Particle because finding it---or them---is so vexatious.

    His editor changed the title of the book, removing the -damn, to make it more commercially successful.

    quoth Peter Higgs: http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2008/jun/30/higgs.boson.cern

    Shall y'all moderate this "Informative" or "Funny"?

    1. Re:It was originally "The Goddamn Particle" by thrawn_aj · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Thank you! It's nice to know that a scientist did not come up with this name (as I idly speculated somewhere else on this page). Unfortunately, (as in this case), it only takes a bit of time before a snarky name or an in-joke is taken seriously by enough people that a whole "well scientists are looking for god too" movement builds up.

    2. Re:It was originally "The Goddamn Particle" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Perhaps that's the damned point for that particles existence. It's to fill in a void of nature to exist, yet not interact with anything else in the universe. This of it as Natures NULL value.

    3. Re:It was originally "The Goddamn Particle" by Bigjeff5 · · Score: 1

      Shall y'all moderate this "Informative" or "Funny"?

      Yes.

      --
      Security is mostly a superstition... Avoiding danger is no safer in the long run than outright exposure. - Helen Keller
    4. Re:It was originally "The Goddamn Particle" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What are you talking about? Scientists have done this all the time. Look at some of the stuff people said while working out quantum physics.

    5. Re:It was originally "The Goddamn Particle" by Ken_g6 · · Score: 1

      Well, that makes more sense for 5 particles. I could accept a trinity of God particles - Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, but not 5. I guess this way we can name the two negative Higgs' "Lucifer" and "Beelzebub".

      --
      (T>t && O(n)--) == sqrt(666)
    6. Re:It was originally "The Goddamn Particle" by thrawn_aj · · Score: 1

      Yes. Look at it ... closely and in context (instead of the decapitated quotes floating around). You'll find more snark and in-jokes than anything else. Unfortunately, the caricature of the serious, humorless scientist is so prevalent in our culture that every little thing ever written or said in private conversation or correspondence is taken as a serious statement. Sad, but what can you do?

    7. Re:It was originally "The Goddamn Particle" by Moghedien · · Score: 1

      I think He prefers 'BeelzeBob' in this time and age.

      --
      I've come to... anesthetize you!
  14. laser: from theory to practice by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This is great and all, but does this mean we'll finally get some great new technologies like artificial gravity, FTL propulsion or communication, quantum-fluctuation energy, or interdimensional travel?

    In 1917 Einstein published a theoretical paper about the absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. In 1928, Rudolf W. Ladenburg confirmed the existences of the phenomena; in 1947, Willis E. Lamb and R. C. Retherford found apparent stimulated emission in hydrogen spectra and effected the first demonstration of stimulated emission; on 16 May 1960, Theodore Maiman demonstrated the first functional laser.

    We now have fibre optics transmitting data around the world instead of giant copper bundles, and it only took 43 years (of course it took another 15+ before it went from the first prototype to the "real world"):

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser

    We don't know what the results will be, that's why it's called research.

  15. Re: I need a bazzilion dollars... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    (I'm pretty sure he hasn't ever considered that)

    there is this interesting feature of human nature where if you don't have tangible experience with something yourself the concept must either be wrong or not exist in the first place. "I don't understand the science behind quantum physics / global warmning / whatever and haven't heard a plausible car analogy to explain it, therefore all the scientists have made a big mistake and doesn't exist." the arrogance of introspective existence or something. or maybe just a lack of empathy.

  16. Purely Mathematical by dlenmn · · Score: 2, Informative

    I'm not a historian of science, but my understanding is that it was purely mathematical -- invented before the relevant quantum mechanics was known. As my undergrad QM text (Griffiths, p 356) says, "Einstein was forced to 'invent' stimulated emission in order to reproduce Plank's formula." I believe he justified it with a fairly abstract thermodynamics argument (he didn't identify a mechanism, he just showed it had to be true or else thermodynamics would be violated). Sorry that I can't cite sources -- I don't have them handy.

  17. Re: I need a bazzilion dollars... by PCM2 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    the arrogance of introspective existence or something. or maybe just a lack of empathy.

    Or maybe just the lack of science education. I took a college-level chemistry class recently. It kicked my ass, but it was worth it. When you can sit down with a piece of paper and a pencil and predict the results of some experiment mathematically, then go into a lab, perform the experiment, and see your results proven correct, you really get a feeling for, "Hey, maybe they really aren't just making all this shit up."

    Unfortunately, not many people today are given this experience/forced to have this experience.

    --
    Breakfast served all day!
  18. wait a second... by dAzED1 · · Score: 1

    ok, what with genetics, medicine, computer, cell, and other technological discoveries and advances being dominated by the US, we're supposed to think physics might be in that group too? But what about all the slashdot articles that say science in the US is dead? Obviously there has been a mistake. If the US isn't dominating everything, then there is cause for alarm and we must all get upset and stuff. And obviously the US is just failing in science and technology. Raise our fists in anger! America, Fark Yeah! //grumbles about inconsistent /. editors, walks off

    1. Re:wait a second... by geekoid · · Score: 1

      "/grumbles about inconsistent "

      what you are looking for is an echo chamber, not actually information. try Rush or Glen Beck for a consistent message, regardless of facts.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    2. Re:wait a second... by dAzED1 · · Score: 1

      regardless of facts? The US 4.53% of the world's population, yet we blow by that percentage in technological advancements that come from here by a very, very wide margin.

      Just because I don't think we need to produce most of the world's technological advances without being called an academic failure, doesn't in any way mean I am interested in Rush or Beck. If we produce 10% of the world's technological advances, we're doing extraordinarily well, and instead of suggesting we are an academic failure, perhaps those who are below the curve should be looked at instead.

      Why people think we have to be completely dominating the entire globe in every field, us-versus-them despite being outnumbered 21 to 1, is beyond me. Yet in almost every advanced technological field, our contributions are indeed he major milestones, or at least are very important contributions. Despite that, /. wants to claim over and over that the US has a failed educational system, and that we're highly unfriendly to scientists. It makes no sense to me.

      Does it really make sense to you? And does it really mean that I'm a Rush-head if I don't think the US should need to dominate in every aspect of everything without being considered a complete failure? Self-hate is the best hate, I guess.

  19. LEXX by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    then they found the higgs boson and it shrank the planet to the size of a pea

  20. Hello matter replicators by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    OK, so now all that's left is to learn how to manipulate these particles, and thus transmute atoms. Or disintegrate them...

  21. Re: I need a bazzilion dollars... by quanminoan · · Score: 1

    Beautiful. Never read a more perfect summary of the necessity of doing pure science.

  22. Douglas Adams was obviously right by gweihir · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Whenever you look more closely, the universe is immediately replaces by something more complex and even more bizzare...

    --
    Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
  23. Looks like the Greeks had it right... Gods by daurtanyn · · Score: 1

    If there are a plethora of god particles. We may have to rethink more than just physics models.

    1. Re:Looks like the Greeks had it right... Gods by Lost+Penguin · · Score: 1

      Maybe 3?
      The Father, Son, Holy Ghost?

      --
      I am the unwilling control for my Origin.
    2. Re:Looks like the Greeks had it right... Gods by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The rapist, the bastard and the rapist again.

  24. E8? by pgn674 · · Score: 1

    I wonder if this would help out Lisi's theory that the organization, and expression, of particles lines up with the mathematical E8 Lie group?

    Garrett Lisi on his theory of everything | Video on TED.com

    1. Re:E8? by The_Wilschon · · Score: 2, Informative

      No. It appears that Lisi's theory (as well as the Pati-Salam GUT upon which it is partially based) contains a single Higgs doublet, rather than the 2 Higgs doublets suggested by this D0 result.

      --
      SIGSEGV caught, terminating

      wait... not that kind of sig.
  25. very cool...everything we "knew" is ? by ridgecritter · · Score: 1

    It's fun to observe from the periphery - this result, the recent confirmation (maybe) that neutrinos have mass (otherwise they couldn't interconvert among their three types)...more and more cracks are appearing in the Standard Model. It's exciting. And probably the answer is 42.

    1. Re:very cool...everything we "knew" is ? by The_Wilschon · · Score: 1

      Neutrino oscillations (and hence implied masses) were rather definitively observed years ago. The recent result that you are referring to (I infer) is rather than antineutrinos have masses that are different from their corresponding neutrinos. Perhaps even more fascinating than the former!

      --
      SIGSEGV caught, terminating

      wait... not that kind of sig.
    2. Re:very cool...everything we "knew" is ? by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      To quote the title of an old Firesign Theater album, "everything you know is wrong."

  26. antimatter makes interstellar travel possible. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If you have antimatter, interstellar travel becomes somewhat possible. Since nothing else can do that, you'd be stupid to use antimatter for military applications. Nuclear weapons will be MUCH cheaper.

  27. Bubbles! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You know, I fucking hate these sort of stories. As usual I click through to arxiv.org and view the paper, and invariably I come away feeling like a goldfish trying to fathom a microwave oven.
    I like to think I'm a reasonably smart guy, but these papers make me feel like a moron.

  28. Re: I need a bazzilion dollars... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Though we must admit this problem is not as... problematic as the one that the physics community termed the "ultraviolet catastrophe". Further, Plank solved the blackbody radiation problem with a research budget that accounted primarily for his salary, pens, and paper (not billions of dollars). I'm not saying that the research isn't worth doing, just that trying to argue that the experiments today are comparable to those at the birth of quantum physics strikes me as incorrect.

  29. Re: I need a bazzilion dollars... by JohnFluxx · · Score: 1

    It's great that it worked for you, but lots of people aren't receptive to even that.

    Richard Dawkins did a documentary where he went into a poor school where the majority of students believed the world was just 6000 years old etc. He took a class to the beach to look for fossils. He thought that if he could just get the kids to find a real fossil for themselves, and actually hold it, then it might give them (as you put it) a feeling for "Hey, maybe they really aren't just making all this shit up."

    Did it work? Hell no. The documentary tries to hide that, but what they don't say seems to be as revealing as what they do say. The whole class managed to find only 2 fossils (This is abysmal - it was a beach where you could find dozens by yourself in a day). And they only showed interviews afterwards of two of the classmates, and all they would say was pretty much "it was durrr okay"

    (Link http://www.secularism.org.uk/whydawkinsisrightandhiscriticsar.html )

  30. String Theory... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Didn't that have a number of 5? 5 "differing" equations to describe everything?
    WHAT A TWEEEEST. The rabbit hole gets deeper.

    Hopefully Douglas won't be correct on infinite complexity...

  31. Five particles = five forces? by Bacon+Bits · · Score: 2, Interesting

    First thing I thought of when I read this is that there are five fundamental forces in the universe:

    1. Electricity
    2. Magnetism
    3. Gravity
    4. Weak Nuclear
    5. Strong Nuclear

    Considering that the Higgs boson was, in part, supposed to help explain how mass worked, it makes me wonder if this is the reason for the number they're arriving at.

    --
    The road to tyranny has always been paved with claims of necessity.
    1. Re:Five particles = five forces? by inamorty · · Score: 1, Informative

      Electricity and magnetism are one force.

    2. Re:Five particles = five forces? by charon69 · · Score: 1

      For that matter, Electromagnetism and the Weak Force have been theorized to be the same thing: Electroweak

    3. Re:Five particles = five forces? by pclminion · · Score: 2, Informative

      Not theorized, demonstrated. We can easily achieve electroweak unification energies in the accelerators. It's a known thing.

      The "unification" of the electric and magnetic force is a different type of unification from electroweak. There truly is just one force, the electromagnetic, which seems to split into two forces because of relativity. The unification of the other forces is of an inherently different kind.

      The electric and magnetic forces are both mediated by the same particle -- the photon. This literally means they are the same force.

    4. Re:Five particles = five forces? by AthanasiusKircher · · Score: 1

      Modded "interesting"? Seriously?

      You know what else there are five of? Wikipedia has scores of examples, from the number of fingers/toes on reptiles, amphibians, and mammals to the number of piano concertos by Beethoven. Do these "five particles" have anything to do with those things as well?

      Speculative numerology has no place in science, despite the fact that many scientists seem to find themselves obsessed with finding such wondrous correspondences.

      And besides, as a previous comment already pointed out, there are only four forces, since electricity and magnetism are the same force at a very fundamental level.

    5. Re:Five particles = five forces? by Bacon+Bits · · Score: 1

      Yes, and the Grand Unified Field Theory says that all five are supposed to be the same force, but it hasn't been proven. The Higgs particle was supposed to help prove that.

      --
      The road to tyranny has always been paved with claims of necessity.
    6. Re:Five particles = five forces? by Bacon+Bits · · Score: 1

      *shrug* The fact that the Higgs particle was supposed to help prove the Grand Unified Field Theory (all 5 forces = 1 force) made me think of it. The fact that electricity and magnetism and one of the nuclear forces have already been unified means this theory is partially complete. It was what Einstein was working on when he died.

      I'm sure it's probably not why they're calling for five particles, but it seemed an interesting line of thought.

      --
      The road to tyranny has always been paved with claims of necessity.
  32. Stupid scientists! by zmollusc · · Score: 1

    These idiots just keep finding more things to investigate, it is almost like they don't care that textbooks will need to be reprinted.

    --
    They whose government reduces their essential liberties for temporary security, receive neither liberty nor security.
  33. Re: I need a bazzilion dollars... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    When you sit down with a pencil and a bunch of papers and you can predict the result of an experiment to 20 decimal places... all proven right. You get that feeling pumped. QED (the quantum theory of the electromagnetic field) has been incredibly tested experimentally. It's no modern snake oil.

  34. there always has been 5 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Earth, Air, Fire, Water and Spirit.
    they just haven't spotted them yet

  35. Just a theory... by Hurricane78 · · Score: 1

    ...last time we ended up with a particle zoo, we found that they were made out of a few smaller particles (quarks) that never really revealed being separate particles, but where you could find it out indirectly.
    What if that’s also, in a way, the case here?
    Or something else that is not a direct property of the Higgs particle, but only of the situation/position/forcefields/... it is in.

    --
    Any sufficiently advanced intelligence is indistinguishable from stupidity.
  36. Thank you by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I always found it odd that they called it the 'God particle' as it had nothing to do with God in any sense that I could figure out.

    That it is just a modification of 'goddamn particle' make infinitely more sense.

  37. I actually work at Fermilab by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Was interesting to see a Fermilab article from slashdot go across my RSS feed when I logged into my work system this morning. But I'm just an applications developer for the lab, so I'm not scientific enough to make any good comments on the article itself. All I can say, is there has definitely seemed to be more excitement than normal among the 'scientist types' this past week or two..

  38. Hope not, or my unified SM theory is dead by sweetser · · Score: 1
    Got my own theory where gravity and the symmetries of the standard model (U(1), SU(2), and SU(3)) live together in the Lagrange density. To make the Lagrangian gauge invariant, the difference between the part for gravity (which is not gauge invariant and thus applies to particles with mass) and the one for the other three (which is also no gauge invariant and thus dito) creates a Lagrangian that overall in gauge invariant. No Higgs particle needed, nor 5 Higgs particles.

    You'll never see my work on the preprint server (wrong email address). You can buy it on a t-shirt, watch it on YouTube, or look at non-peer reviewed papers.

    Doug
    TheStandUpPhysicist

    http://bit.ly/GEMtshirt the t-shirt
    http://bit.ly/GEMpdf Close as I can do to a paper
    http://bit.ly/GEMnb Transformed paper into a Mathematica notebook to check the math
    http://bit.ly/GEMnbpdf The notebook as a pdf file
    Lots of stuff on YouTube

    --
    Working on new views of old physics at http://VisualPhysics.org
  39. Oh so it wasn't a nuke? by pslam · · Score: 1

    It dismays me that whenever I (in other circumstances) also claim that the US is the only country to have used a nuke on an enemy, someone says something along the lines of "it wasn't really a nuke". It doesn't matter that they were small yield. They still pretty much wiped out a large part of both cities and irradiated the surrounding areas in a single blast.

    But they were only small nukes, so I guess they don't count?

    The only saving grace of this mentality is that it reveals people are still ashamed that this ever occurred. So ashamed they're trying to twist the logic so it appears it never happened.

    1. Re:Oh so it wasn't a nuke? by atamido · · Score: 1

      The atomic bombs dropped on Japan are historically significant, but irrelevant for comparison to modern nuclear weapons.

      The point was that you can't see the forest for all of the trees. It doesn't matter if the bomb used radioactive material or bananas for fuel, in the end it was really only useful for impressing people. Air raids and firestorms were so much more destructive that it's not even funny and he effective radiation was short lived, being measured in days and weeks.

      Knowing what we know now AND dropping a multi-megaton weapon simply has no comparison to anything else in history.

    2. Re:Oh so it wasn't a nuke? by geekoid · · Score: 1

      ashamed? it was the best move. I'm glad he had the balls to do it.

      It had the bonus of making the world go 'ah Shit and take nuclear weapons seriously and think hard before considering them. With ut them another million would have died, and in all likely hood Japan wouldn't exist as we know it.

      Of course I still say we should have taken it and turned it into a couple of states.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    3. Re:Oh so it wasn't a nuke? by geekoid · · Score: 1

      no nuke does more then conventional weapons could, given time and resources. However a modern nuke is probably cleaner then the same power in conventional weapons.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    4. Re:Oh so it wasn't a nuke? by pslam · · Score: 1

      But they still dropped a nuke, and are the only nation to drop a nuke on an enemy.

      Word your way around it all you like, that fact still stands.

    5. Re:Oh so it wasn't a nuke? by atamido · · Score: 1

      But they still dropped a nuke, and are the only nation to drop a nuke on an enemy.

      Word your way around it all you like, that fact still stands.

      The atomic bombs dropped on Japan are historically significant, but irrelevant for comparison to modern nuclear weapons.

      Nobody is denying it, it's an important historical fact. It is simply irrelevant for this discussion, which is what makes you look like a goober running around with your hands up in the air. It would be like if there were a discussion on the best cellos we should buy or have made, and I kept bringing up Stradivari. Historically significant, and arguably the greatest cello maker ever, but not the least bit relevant for that discussion.

    6. Re:Oh so it wasn't a nuke? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      people are still ashamed that this ever occurred.

      What? Other than revisionist mentality, why should we be ashamed this occurred? Should we be ashamed that we bombed a city at all? Or would you be ok with it if we had used a large number of conventional bombs to do the same amount (or more) of damage? Was the bombing of Dresden totally ok with you since it wasn't nukes? Remember, there was a war going on that they had started. I believe we had already asked nicely for them to surrender, and they refused. Would you have preferred that we carried out an invasion, which would have killed far more people? The Purple Heart medals manufactured as part of the plans for the invasion of Japan have lasted over 60 years, with many still unused. That's with the Korean War, Vietnam War, Iraq, Iraq, Afghanistan, and several smaller operations in between. One report estimated that the invasion would have caused the deaths of 5 to 10 million Japanese civilians. Using the bombs prevented that. So please explain precisely what you think we should be ashamed about, other than the uncontested fact that we used nuclear bombs?

      As an aside, I agree that there were regrettable effects from the bombing, such as the civilian casualties- but if you want to complain about civilian casualty atrocities, you might be better off starting here, here, here, here, here, or just look at the big picture here.

  40. Not the only explanation by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 1

    I think you are jumping the gun more than just a little. An extra Higgs doublet (which is where the extra Higgs bosons come from) is just one possible explanation. A far more likely explanation, IMHO, is that there is some systematic error which D0 has not accounted for. However even if it is a real effect there are certainly other explanations that simple extra Higgs bosons. For example I'm sure some SUSY models could explain it (although these do come with extra Higgs bosons as well!).

    A far more interesting result is the recent data from MINOS which suggests that the mass splitting between neutrinos and anti-neutrinos might be different. While, again, it may well be (in fact some would say very likely) that the effect will disappear with better data if it is proven then this would violate CPT which is a core symmetry of relativity i.e. special relativity would be broken if the result is confirmed. So if you want to get excited about a still-not-yet-confirmed result I'd suggest you go after that one since the implications are far wider reaching.

  41. we like the cars... by Thud457 · · Score: 1

    At this point in time, I'd question whether they would fund anti matter weapons research. Tactically, do we really need a bigger boom than a nuke?

    How else are they going to blow up the moon?!

    --

    the preceding comment is my own and in no way reflects the opinion of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

  42. Re: I need a bazzilion dollars... by geekoid · · Score: 1

    The easiest way to teach peopel this is with electronics.

    Make the math, assemble. Change the math, change a piece of the design.
    It's a cheap way to go becasue it can be done with a VOhm meter, to resisters and a battery.

    --
    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  43. I'll name them by BranMan · · Score: 1

    An thus shall we name the Bosons: Larry Moe Curly Shemp Joe

  44. Sudden attack of the pirate URL by TangoMargarine · · Score: 1

    Why Dawkins Is Right and His Critics ARRRR!!

    --
    Unity? Screw that: XFCE. Slashdot Beta? Screw that: SoylentNews. Australis? Screw that: Pale Moon. UX developers DIAF
  45. CDF does not confirm it? by Lawrence_Bird · · Score: 1

    I believe CDF said they did not see this CP violation and its quite possible that the D0 result will no longer be significant as statistics are increased.

  46. Time Travel by Grumbleduke · · Score: 1

    We already have time travel. It goes with space travel; or moving. That's where all the (special or general) relativity stuff comes in - spacetime and all that (I prefer timespace, personally).

    The tricks to travelling through time at a different rate would be:
    a) travelling through time at a different rate without having to bother travelling in space;
    b) managing to go faster than the speed of light and hence travel back in time (my understanding is that light sort of.. stays stopped in time)
    c) managing to slow down the relative speed you are travelling at so as to travel relatively faster through time.

    The other way involves wormholes; or tunnelling directly from one part of spacetime to another; but that would possibly be rather hit-and-miss and you would likely want some sort of gates at the endpoints; if anything, that is more likely to come out of the Higgs-particle experiments, due to being around bending spacetime via gravity. Personally, the most likely sort of technologies I hope to see come out of this research is the ability to manipulate gravity, but that could be decades, if not centuries away - what we really need is a good power source first.

  47. The God Particle - all 5 of them!? by dellenape · · Score: 1

    Since this is been nicknamed the GOD Particle is it possible that the first three could be called The Father, The Son and The Holy Ghost? Now what shall we call the other two?