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Countries Considering Circumlunar Flight From ISS

FleaPlus writes "The BBC reports that the space agencies of Europe, Russia, and the US are in (very) preliminary discussions about a potential collaborative mission where astronauts would assemble a small spacecraft at the ISS, then fly it around the Moon and back. This is somewhat similar to previously-proposed commercial missions, with many elements adapted from spacecraft systems already in existence. This would also be a testbed for eventual asteroid and Mars missions, which would likely require modules to be launched on multiple rockets and assembled in space."

44 of 170 comments (clear)

  1. Let's do this thing! by elrous0 · · Score: 3, Funny

    I think they should make it look like an awesome motorcycle, with flames painted on it and a kick-ass logo with a skull, spinners, and a lot of chrome--I mean a LOT of fucking chrome! And that shit should have hydraulics too, just a crazy lift kit...an INSANE lift kit!

    --
    SJW: Someone who has run out of real oppression, and has to fake it.
  2. Wow! by MozeeToby · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Am I the only one who thinks that this could have been done 30 years ago with multiple shuttle launches. I know, I know, the shuttle engines are designed to perform multiple long burns without being inspected and rebuilt but come on, orbital refueling just seems like the kind of thing we should have been doing for decades now. I guess we haven't done much for manned (and therefor time critical) long range missions since Apollo but still, this seems like it's some pretty low hanging fruit as far as space exploration technology is concerned.

    1. Re:Wow! by sznupi · · Score: 2, Insightful

      We routinely do refueling on orbit "for decades now" - ISS, earlier Mir and Salyut stations, all refueled by visiting Progress spacecraft (which have provisions for fuel transfer in their docking collar)

      (but Shuttle would be really a bad choice for such mission - around 70 tons of dead weight, thermal shielding probably ill-suited for a possibility of direct reentry on return)

      --
      One that hath name thou can not otter
    2. Re:Wow! by Facegarden · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Am I the only one who thinks that this could have been done 30 years ago with multiple shuttle launches. I know, I know, the shuttle engines are designed to perform multiple long burns without being inspected and rebuilt but come on, orbital refueling just seems like the kind of thing we should have been doing for decades now. I guess we haven't done much for manned (and therefor time critical) long range missions since Apollo but still, this seems like it's some pretty low hanging fruit as far as space exploration technology is concerned.

      I know you're just highlighting the point, but you really shouldn't act so surprised. Sadly, everything we do in space is low-hanging fruit. We've done some amazing stuff with telescopes and things launched out into space, but as far as human exploration... not much has been done in the last 40 years. We could have easily had a manned outpost on Mars already, but it would have taken a lot of money, a lot of risk (with likely some tragic deaths along the way - more so than what we've had) and least likely of all, the cooperation from one political administration to the next.

      That's the biggest problem at NASA - one president says "The last president had no vision - lets go to mars!" and then the next president says "The last president was spending like crazy. We can't afford to go to mars!" and then it repeats every 8 years or so.

      If we had had a concerted and continuous effort to explore space, we could have filled out the inner solar system by now.

      But would have taken trillions of dollars, and a level of agreement that we've simply never had.

      Thats why I'm so excited about privatization of space exploration - a corporation has a real vested interest in getting something done. Unlike politicians.

      Hopefully the billionaires of the world will take us places no government has. THAT is what I'm looking forward to.

      Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla and SpaceX, has said he'd like to retire on mars. That's likely a little far-fetched, but he's more likely to make that happen than NASA. (well, technically his fortune is pretty small in comparison to some other people, but lets say Tesla does really well...)
      -Taylor

      --
      Worldwide Military budgets: $2100 billion. Worldwide Space Exploration budgets: $38 billion. Really, world? Really?
    3. Re:Wow! by Darkness404 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Exactly, the problem is though, we need agreements that governments won't interfere with private spaceflights which is what will probably happen. Already billions of dollars have been spent on spacecraft, R&D and research that is locked up in government hands and even though we, the taxpayers have paid for it, we can't access it.

      If the government would simply let citizens use what they have paid for, I think we'd see private spaceflight soar to new levels.

      But until we have a sane foreign policy that maintained lasting alliances without either sacrificing the sovereignty of the country or its citizens, I don't think that will happen because rather than use diplomatic means we want to attack anyone who might get a nuke in the unsustainable idea that no one is going to develop that technology independently so the US's citizens get harmed.

      --
      Taxation is legalized theft, no more, no less.
    4. Re:Wow! by Planesdragon · · Score: 4, Insightful

      We could have easily had a manned outpost on Mars already, but ...

      But there's ZERO profit in it. Go on and name a period of human exploration of Earth, and all of them have one thing in common: profit.

    5. Re:Wow! by vlm · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The shuttle engines turned out to be brittle things, and the initial overhaul/life design goals were missed by a lot.

      Early on they fixed the size / mounting / weight. But the shuttle continually got in danger of cancellation, so they added more and more promises, until it attempted to do everything for everyone. Which made it fat. Only way to get more thrust is crazy chamber pressure, approaching 3000 psi. Which requires crazy injection pressure to keep the injectors stable. Which results in turbopumps that only last "about one mission, plus or minus one".

      --
      "Science flies us to the moon. Religion flies us into buildings." - Victor Stenger
    6. Re:Wow! by vlm · · Score: 2, Insightful

      2. WTF were you thinking?

      Probably, "I can't believe they're making us risk all these lives so that we can haul the shuttle engines back to earth and reuse them" Followed closely by "the damn SSMEs are going to be such maintenance hogs we'd be better off ditching them in the ocean anyway".

      --
      "Science flies us to the moon. Religion flies us into buildings." - Victor Stenger
    7. Re:Wow! by Captain+Nitpick · · Score: 2, Informative

      Apollo 11 was run from this perspective. Multiple launches (Apollo + Agena) docked in orbit to become the composite lunar spacecraft.

      This is incorrect. Each manned Apollo mission used a single Saturn V. (Except for the Apollo 7 test flight, which used a Saturn IB.) Orbital docking occurred between the command/service module and lunar module launched on the same rocket.

      Agena boosters were modified to practice docking during the Gemini program, but had no direct involvement in Apollo.

      --
      But then again, I could be wrong.
    8. Re:Wow! by BJ_Covert_Action · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Despite what you and some others want everyone to believe, there are quite a few people in this world that do stuff for things other than profit. One of the (maybe) advantages of the increasing poverty-wealth gap is that some individuals who are able to accumulate an enormous amount of money (think Musk, Branson) are able to do things for reasons other than profit. These things may include (if all goes according to Musk's plan) space exploration. It wouldn't surprise me, in the least that some Billionaires out there do things just for the hell of it. This isn't exactly a first in history. Look at the pyramids in Egypt, or most of the ancient wonders of the world. The extraordinarily rich dumped their life savings into what was, essentially, a giant penis waving contest. The only difference today is that big building's don't suffice for bragging rights anymore. So Musk and Branson and Bigelow said they want to up the bar and start a penis-waving competition over getting to various places in space first. One way or another, such adventures will spin off technologies and knowledge that, unless it is lost entirely, will benefit mankind overall. Personally, I'm okay with that.

    9. Re:Wow! by rijrunner · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Umm. Not with the Shuttle. The engines are badly designed for zero-G. They have never been fired in orbit for a reason. (Also, the Shuttle could not have survived re-entry from a lunar return. It gets real ugly trying to cut the velocity from a vehicle returning from that far out.)

      But, you could have done with with some basic assembly. The technology has been there for years. The last real innovation was the TransHab module.

      There are some real technical issues to deal with when discussing ISS though. It is in a very bad orbital plane for lunar missions. There are much better orbits. I am cynical here. I think the reality is that ISS really does not have much of a purpose outside of justifying Shuttle budgets.

    10. Re:Wow! by Chris+Burke · · Score: 4, Funny

      *Sitting in my lavish study with the window overlooking the hedge maze, idly browsing Slashdot while sipping expensive brandy*

      The extraordinarily rich dumped their life savings into what was, essentially, a giant penis waving contest.

      *Monocle pops out of eye*

      Great Scott! That's it!

      *Picks up the phone and hits speed dial #1*

      Benson! Be a good chap and cancel the space exploration initiative. I know, it was very exciting, but it won't be necessary anymore. I've found a much more direct way to accomplish the same thing! Instead, I want you to redirect all the funding to constructing a tremendous waving phallus! I mean tremendous like the Burj Khalif, only thicker! No, not a merely phallic tower, I mean as close to an actual phallus as possible. And it has to wave back and forth while still remaining proudly erect in testament to my manhood. You see now? Good. Yes, of course it needs testicles! You're not much of a man with one but not the other, right? What's that, Benson? Ah, I'm not sure. Let's let the architect decide if that would make it look too Jewish. Good. Then get to it, and do keep it quiet as much as possible. You know as soon as my peers hear of this idea, they'll start making plans for even bigger ones, so mine must at least be the first to be finished and waving in their faces! Thank you, Benson.

      *Hangs up the phone*

      Ah, thank you Slashdot. To think I was going to waste all that money on a moon base! How silly that would have been!

      --

      The enemies of Democracy are
  3. BREAKING NEWS by Crypto+Gnome · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Real World aspirations approaching within 50 years of Science Fiction dreams.

    You Have Been Warned!

    Also: "WHAT THE HELL TOOK YOU SO LONG"?

    --
    Visit CryptoGnome in his home.
    1. Re:BREAKING NEWS by Darkness404 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Also: "what the hell took you so long"?

      Government.

      --
      Taxation is legalized theft, no more, no less.
    2. Re:BREAKING NEWS by Daniel+Dvorkin · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Government.

      Given that governments are, to date, the only entities that have done so much as put human beings in LEO -- to say nothing of sending them to the Moon -- you're going to have do some fancy dancing to make the case that government is what's stopping us from achieving science fiction dreams.

      --
      The correlation between ignorance of statistics and using "correlation is not causation" as an argument is close to 1.
    3. Re:BREAKING NEWS by Crypto+Gnome · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Government.

      Given that governments are, to date, the only entities that have done so much as put human beings in LEO -- to say nothing of sending them to the Moon -- you're going to have do some fancy dancing to make the case that government is what's stopping us from achieving science fiction dreams.

      Ok then, specifically: Government

      • Inertia
      • excessive beurocracy
      • incompetence
      • lack of foresight
      • ADHD
      • Piss Poor Planning

      <cue fancy-dancing> Compare how long (and how much money) it took "the government" to be waving men-in-space vs insert-random-commercial-entity in the recent x-prize race(s).

      Yeah Yeah Yeah you can rabbit on about "standing on the shoulders of giants" but today the biggest current roadblock to the successful leveraging of "outerspace" for the betterment of humankind is "The Government".

      The *amazing achievements* in reaching the moon were *personally instigated by some dude who has been dead for many years now*. ONE (count'em folks, ONE) president made a significant committment to OuterSpace.

      everything done since then is a pale shadow of a once bright future.

      --
      Visit CryptoGnome in his home.
    4. Re:BREAKING NEWS by Darkness404 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Ok, lets see here NASA has a yearly operating budget of US$17.6 billion, to compare that, Sir Richard Branson has a net worth of about 4.6 billion USD. So, lets see here: $17.6 billion a year with:

      A) Billions of dollars in taxpayer funded R&D that are inaccessible to private companies because they are classified.

      B) Several spacecraft

      C) The ability to use a lot of military technology

      D) A guaranteed revenue source from US taxpayers

      E) NASA had almost unlimited funding during the height of the cold war

      Private companies have none of these advantages and yet they've managed to do a lot more on a lot less of a budget.

      We've paid for a shitload of R&D that will never be realized because A) NASA has decided not to pursue it and B) It is considered classified so private enterprise can't use it.

      Dollar for dollar, private enterprise accomplishes worlds more of progress than any government space agency has. Want private enterprise to go to the moon? Give them $170 billion (cost of Apollo missions adjusted for inflation) and I'm sure we could get beyond a few spaceflights to the moon.

      The only advantage government has compared to the private sector is that no matter what they can steal -- I mean, acquire, enough money to fund their programs.

      --
      Taxation is legalized theft, no more, no less.
  4. Doing what we already did 40 years ago? Yawn. by Rogerborg · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Well, I guess it's not exactly the same. Given the collaborative international nature of the effort, I can guarantee that it'll take five times as long to get going as Apollo, cost ten times as much (mostly in pork), and it'll be nobody's fault when it fails. Except maybe the French.

    --
    If you were blocking sigs, you wouldn't have to read this.
  5. Re:Doing what we already did 40 years ago? Yawn. by ByOhTek · · Score: 3, Informative

    [...] and it'll be nobody's fault when it fails. Except maybe the French.

    But people will blame the USA no matter what.

    --
    Self proclaimed typo king, and inventor of the bear destroying coffee table (patent not pending).
  6. Have $100 million? by sznupi · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Here, get yourself a ride (those are people cooperating on almost all private spaceflights so far); also in Soyuz, it would seem - only apt, considering how it was the first spacecraft to carry macroscopic life (turtles) beyond LEO (around the Moon) and return it safely, on a Zond 5 mission.

    Funny how, out of both sides involved in Lunar Race, it is Russia who now has few decades of experience with a spacecraft essentially capable of beyond-LEO operation.

    --
    One that hath name thou can not otter
    1. Re:Have $100 million? by sznupi · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Heck, it is launched by a rocket from R-7 lineage. A family which carried all Soviet and Russian manned missions to date, starting with Yuri Gagarin. Which launched Sputnik. And was the first operational ICBM (not very practical in its first role; but...sort of competing space agency says it is "The most reliable ... the most frequently used launch vehicle in the world")

      --
      One that hath name thou can not otter
    2. Re:Have $100 million? by Daniel+Dvorkin · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Apollo was a technological dead-end. The Shuttle was a technological dead end. On the other hand Soyuz did what it needed to do and had a design that could be adapted effectively while cutting costs.

      Apollo also did what it needed to do, and while it cost more than contemporary Soyuz designs, it also had to do a hell of a lot more than Soyuz or any other spacecraft has ever done. The reason it was a dead end was political, not technological. The Shuttle, I'll grant you, although I'll note that the early designs for a reusable people-launcher made a lot of sense; it was when they tried to combine it with a heavy-lift system that things went to hell.

      We could have kept turning out Saturn V's assembly-line style and even without incorporating all the improvements we could have made over the last 40 years, we'd still be ahead of where we are now, for less money.

      --
      The correlation between ignorance of statistics and using "correlation is not causation" as an argument is close to 1.
  7. This is something... by mdm-adph · · Score: 2, Insightful

    ...we should've been doing YEARS AGO.

    Thank you and have a nice day.

    --
    It is by my will alone my thoughts acquire motion; it is by the juice of the coffee bean that the thoughts acquire speed
  8. shuttlecraft by Oceanplexian · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I wonder why they went with the plan to have the craft return to earth? It makes more sense to me to have a reusable "shuttlecraft" that ferried
    astronauts from the ISS to lunar orbit and back.

  9. imagine that by Ryanrule · · Score: 4, Funny

    using a space station as a station...in space!

  10. The ISS is in the wrong orbit for this! by cheetah · · Score: 4, Interesting

    The big problem with using the ISS to do this type of mission is that the ISS is in the wrong orbital plane to easily launch flights to the moon. While it's not impossible to fly from the ISS it will be far more costly(in terms of fuel) to do so. Basically as long assembling the mission at the ISS is less costly than a single launch into the correct orbital plane this might be feasible.

    1. Re:The ISS is in the wrong orbit for this! by profplump · · Score: 4, Interesting

      It's in the wrong orbit to do anything other than be reachable by launches from mainland Russia. It's not like no one ever thought of using the space station as a jumping-off point before, it's just that such ideas were made more or less impractical as soon as we decided to put the space station in this silly orbit.

    2. Re:The ISS is in the wrong orbit for this! by FleaPlus · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The big problem with using the ISS to do this type of mission is that the ISS is in the wrong orbital plane to easily launch flights to the moon. While it's not impossible to fly from the ISS it will be far more costly(in terms of fuel) to do so.

      I've been looking all over, but can't find a good figure of just how much more costly (in terms of fuel) it would be to get from the ISS's orbit to do a lunar flyby. Are we talking about a few percent more delta-v required, an order of magnitude, or somewhere in-between?

      All I've been able to find is that it's apparently "cheaper" to get to lunar polar orbit from the ISS's inclination.

    3. Re:The ISS is in the wrong orbit for this! by butalearner · · Score: 3, Informative

      It's in the wrong orbit to do anything other than be reachable by launches from mainland Russia. It's not like no one ever thought of using the space station as a jumping-off point before, it's just that such ideas were made more or less impractical as soon as we decided to put the space station in this silly orbit.

      Of course, the fact that the goal was to be reachable by launches from Baikonur means it's not a silly orbit, considering inclination changes are the most expensive in terms of delta-v (and money, as a result).

  11. Send the whole thing! by ddrueding80 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Just send the whole ISS. Most of their experiments don't care where the station is, so long as it is space, and plenty of instruments are already onboard.

    1. Re:Send the whole thing! by sznupi · · Score: 4, Informative

      It's designed for quite safe LEO radiation environment, deep inside the magnetosphere of Earth.

      --
      One that hath name thou can not otter
  12. Re:Doing what we already did 40 years ago? Yawn. by phantomfive · · Score: 2, Insightful

    lol except people in the USA will blame the French no matter what, apparently.

    --
    Qxe4
  13. Re:But why go back to the ISS? by 0123456 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    So yeah, maybe the ISS is a good place to integrate a vehicle like this but the best way seems to fly it around the moon then straight to Earth.

    No, the inclination makes it a lousy place to go to the Moon from too. But using it is probably cheaper than building a construction shack in a sensible orbit if you're not planning to be going to the Moon on a regular basis.

  14. FREAKIN' JENIUS ROCKET SURGEONS!!! by Thud457 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Using a Earth-orbiting space station is exactly what von Braun recommended sixty years ago before you idiots turned it into a mad dash to "beat the commies". Then we would have had some real space infrastructure for our investment instead of several disposable programs with nothing left to show when they were over.

    --

    the preceding comment is my own and in no way reflects the opinion of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

  15. Re:Doing what we already did 40 years ago? Yawn. by h4rr4r · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Not if you have to change inclination like anything coming from the ISS would have to do.

  16. Re:Doing what we already did 40 years ago? Yawn. by Daniel+Dvorkin · · Score: 4, Insightful

    But people will blame the USA no matter what.

    As long as there are large numbers of Americans who are unable to acknowledge that the USA is ever at fault for anything, or ever less than the best at everything, you have to expect a certain amount of reaction.

    --
    The correlation between ignorance of statistics and using "correlation is not causation" as an argument is close to 1.
  17. Re:Doing what we already did 40 years ago? Yawn. by FleaPlus · · Score: 2, Informative

    Not if you have to change inclination like anything coming from the ISS would have to do.

    It depends. For example, I believe if you want to go into a lunar polar orbit, departing from the ISS's 51.6 degree inclination actually requires less propellant than if you were to depart from an equatorial orbit. If you want to go somewhere else that the ISS inclination is suboptimal for, all that means is that you need to carry up a little more propellant.

  18. Orbitally Dumb by simonbp · · Score: 2, Informative

    The ISS is in a 51 deg orbit (so the Russians can reach it from Kazakhstan), which is one the worst possible places to depart for the Moon from. Optimally, you want a transfer orbit coplanar with the Moon's orbit, which varies from 18-28 deg (depending of the time of year). This is because trajectory errors in coplanar orbits tend to cancel out, increasing safety, as well as reducing the mass of fuel required launch to the transfer orbit. So, either the ISS-launched mission does a very-expensive plane-change maneuver, or weighs more and is more unsafe than a conventionally launched mission. Either way, launching to the Moon (or any Lagrange Points) from the ISS is orbitally dumb.

    BTW, the latitude of Kennedy Space Center is 28 deg, the furthest north it can be to optimally launch a mission to the Moon...

    1. Re:Orbitally Dumb by 0123456 · · Score: 2, Informative

      So, if NASA is already building a rocket that can go to the Moon with two low-inclination launches, being redundant and going to ISS is both dumb and pointless.

      Not if you want to get there before 2050.

  19. Re:Doing what we already did 40 years ago? Yawn. by ByOhTek · · Score: 4, Insightful

    True, but such knee-jerk reactions of blaming us for everything don't help fix the issue.

    --
    Self proclaimed typo king, and inventor of the bear destroying coffee table (patent not pending).
  20. Re:Doing what we already did 40 years ago? Yawn. by BJ_Covert_Action · · Score: 4, Insightful

    One other big difference in this case is that they are talking about using an on-orbit space station as a staging ground for a mission. That is a huge step in terms of mission cycle and design. There is a very large difference between using big rockets to get from Earth to a destination, and using smaller rockets to get from Earth, to an intermittent way point, to your final destination. If a mission like this was executed well, and yielded good, reliable, cheap results, there could be a movement to develop on-orbit assembly infrastructure and on-orbit mission staging resources to a large degree. Such a paradigm shift in mission architecture would definitely represent a historic landmark in mankind's endeavors into space.

  21. Slightly OT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    increasing poverty-wealth gap

    I keep hearing this... but it think it's safe to say that we've come a long way since the feudal system of serfs, lords, kings, etc.

    You stand a far better chance now of switching from poor to rich than someone did even ~100 years ago.

    Plus, the "super rich" of today are nothing compared to the likes of Rockefeller or Vanderbilt.

  22. Orbital Moon Base by vvomero · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Instead of decomissioning the ISS they should just put it into orbit around the moon. It can be used as a base of some kind, store supplies, etc. at a later date.

  23. Not thinking big enough by dbIII · · Score: 2, Funny

    Send the entire moon! I'll bet we could have done it with 1999 technology!