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Mitigating Fukushima's Dangers, 42 Days In

DrKnark writes "Tepco has released more information about their plan to stabilize the Fukushima reactors. They are basically facing 4 problems: ensure long term cooling of the cores; ensure cooling of the spent fuel pools; prevent release of radioactive material; and mitigate the consequences of the releases that will continue for a while."

20 of 245 comments (clear)

  1. Re:It's cooling down. by beckett · · Score: 4, Funny

    I'll wait until some unknown blogger says its ok, thank you very much!

  2. Re:No, thanks by rrohbeck · · Score: 3, Funny

    I just checked that site and you were right. No news there, just pages and pages on how reactors work. Wonders of technology. True, when they work and don't burn or explode.

  3. Interesting radiation readings by rrohbeck · · Score: 3, Informative

    From http://theautomaticearth.blogspot.com/2011/04/april-20-2011-fukushima-review-of-ines.html:

    On April 17th the same site had the following radiation levels recorded for units 1-3:

            Reactor 1
            Dry Well: 121.4 Sv/hr
            Suppression chamber: 97.5 Sv/hr

            Reactor 2
            Dry Well: N/A
            Suppression Chamber: 131 Sv/hr

            Reactor 3
            Dry Well: 253.2 Sv/hr
            Suppression Chamber: 103.9 Sv/hr
    So that's going to take a while to cool off.

    1. Re:Interesting radiation readings by Fnkmaster · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Hehe, minor conversion error.

      100 rem is 1 Sv, not the other way around. 1Sv of exposure is around the threshold for radiation poisoning and 8-10 Sv is considered untreatable with death guaranteed to follow shortly thereafter.

      So a room at 100Sv/hour would give a guaranteed fatal exposure within about 90 seconds. Radiation poisoning would onset after 30 seconds of exposure.

      So you can safely say that 100 Sv/hour is about the threshold for "instadeath".

    2. Re:Interesting radiation readings by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      Um, no, 1 Sievert = 100 rem, so in 5 hours you would get 50 k rem, and a normal lifetime dose in 9 seconds.
      So according to the handy and authoritative ;-) XKCD radiation chart, the emergency workers would get a guaranteed fatal dose if they stayed for 5 minutes.
      <handwaving>
      Assuming the Iodine has already decayed by now, I thought the next most abundant decay products are Cesium and Strontium with half-lives of 30 years, if that's true then they could work for an hour until fatal dose in about 109 years time. ( 100 Sv/hr present / 8 Sv/hr lethal = 12.5; log(12.5) / log(2) = 3.64; 3.64 * 30 years = 109 years, if I didn't make any mistakes). Then they could work for 15 minutes until a "emergency radiation worker" 100 mSv dose after waiting for a cooling-down period of 239 years (log (100 / 0.1 / 4) / log(2) * 30), amirite?
      </handwaving>

      If they're not that patient then they have to use robots or something. Who's going to pay to keep the plant guarded from terrorists until the year 2250 until they can decommission it safely? Copyright doesn't even last that long (yet).
      I find it very suspicious that nobody's even mentioned measured levels of Strontium-90 because it stores itself in the bones of people building new bone mass (i.e. children). They only talk about measuring Iodine and Cesium but Strontium should also be more than 5% of the fission products, almost as much as the measured Iodine (3%?) and Cesium (12%?)

  4. Re:FTFA by Mindcontrolled · · Score: 3, Informative

    Reasonable people are demanding that we review our use of oil for years. What's your point?

    --
    Ubi solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant.
  5. Re:Send in the robots by Mindcontrolled · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Yeah, you are probably right - but what does that tell us? They have no concept at all to handle a major failure mode in one of their reactors, none at all. All we are seeing is seat-of-the-pants level improvisation, because they have no plan. Why do we let those guys operate a reactor again?

    --
    Ubi solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant.
  6. Coal vs. Nuclear by anchovy_chekov · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Ignoring all the "coal kills more people" vs. "Pu is forever" arguments, the fact remains that all these fuels are essentially nasty, polluting "fossil" fuels (albeit one from dead suns).

    Maybe Fukushima and Deep Water Horizon will mark a recognition of the level of care we need to take when handling these very finite resources. I hope so.

    1. Re:Coal vs. Nuclear by gweihir · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Mercury is safe to eat in comparison to Pu. And Pu has a half-life that the distinction does not make a whole lot of difference. Also keep in mind that its half-life (24,100 yrs) the problem is not gone, but _halved_ and some other nice radioactive stuff created from it. Calling this "a while" is highly stupid. Also, it is quite possible (and done) to remove the mercury from the smoke.

      Bottom line: Nuclear power is extremely expensive and deals with time-lines for containing its by-products that are far outside of what the human race can handle. The thing that really ticks me off is that by now it would have been cheaper to just shove all that money down the nuclear fanatic's throats and build up renewable energy source with what was left. And this stuff will continue to be expensive for > 100'000 years, a constant financial and ecological drain on humanity. Just so a few people without ethics could fill their coffers.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    2. Re:Coal vs. Nuclear by JSBiff · · Score: 3, Informative

      But, there's one important difference - if used appropriately, every ton of Uranium has the energy equivalent of something on the order of a million tons of coal or oil. Also, don't forget about Thorium. Uranium is not the only nuclear fuel. Thorium is estimated to be at least 5 times more abundant than Uranium.

      I've seen some analyses which estimate that, if we used fast breeder reactors (like the Integral Fast Reactor - search for that sometime, interesting reading) and Liquid Thorium Reactors, we have enough fuel supplies to last us at least 100,000 years. Also, both technologies solve the 'nuclear waste problem' by burning off the nuclear waste.

      If we can extract Uranium cost-effectively from the ocean, we have enough Uranium to perhaps get us through a few billion years (and, over the course of a Billion years, more uranium will leach out of the earth's crust [there's all kind of uranium in the crust, but not concentrated enough for effective mining, but if it dissolves out, it might be recoverable] and into the oceans, making it an effectively renewable resource).

      Nuclear power has it's challenges in terms of safety and economics. Fuel supply is not a real problem though. If you are *really* worried about a fuel supply which might run low in 100,000 years, I don't know what to tell you. I don't worry much about problems that far down the road.

  7. The roadmap document confirms a meltdown. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    From the roadmap document:

    "Current Status [2] (Units 1 to 3) High likelihood of
    small leakage of steam containing radioactive
    materials through the gap of PCV caused by
    high temperature."

    The only way the pressure containment vessel could have a hole all the way through it 'caused by high temperature', which is leaking to the atmosphere, is if some of the fuel has melted and pooled. Units two and three show atmospheric pressure in the reactor primary containment.
    See: http://atmc.jp/plant/vessel/?n=3 and http://atmc.jp/plant/vessel/?n=2

  8. Re:No, thanks by MichaelSmith · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The subtext behind this issue of what source of energy does the most damage is control. Nuclear power plants are big, long term projects which require lots of investment from large Governments. Because of this they increase the reliance which people have for those Governments. You are locked in to both the technology and the political environment which brought it in to being. So people who want political independence on a smaller scale (state, local or individual) oppose nuclear power. They want technology they can control. They want it to be within their own reach.

  9. Re:No, thanks by mpe · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Those reactors are 45 year old technology, took a direct tsunami hit right after an earthquake that was in the top 3 worst ever recorded, exploded, caught fire, and resulted in a grand total of... zero deaths.

    IIRC two people were killed at the plant by the earthquake. Both the earthquake and tsunami were of much greater magnitude than anything considered by the designers.
    It's interesting that no attempt has been made to compare damage at this plant with that at other industrial plants in Japan. The press has also been silent on toxic chemical spills resulting from the earthquake and tsunami.

  10. Quite possibly... by denzacar · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Thousands of civilians killed? Yes.
    Thousands of civilians killed by U.S.? Again, yes.

    The IBC project released a report detailing the deaths it recorded between March 2003 and March 2005[72] in which it recorded 24,865 civilian deaths. The report says the U.S. and its allies were responsible for the largest share (37%) of the 24,865 deaths.

    Thousands killed by DU ammunition? Possibly.
    Thousands affected by the continuous effect radiation from DU ammunition? Almost certainly.
    When you measure something in thousands of tonnes you can safely say that it WILL affect large areas of land and large numbers of people.
    And 4.468 billion years is a long time.

    The use of DU in munitions is controversial because of questions about potential long-term health effects.[4][5] Normal functioning of the kidney, brain, liver, heart, and numerous other systems can be affected by uranium exposure, because uranium is a toxic metal.[6] It is weakly radioactive and remains so because of its long physical half-life (4.468 billion years for uranium-238). The biological half-life (the average time it takes for the human body to eliminate half the amount in the body) for uranium is about 15 days.[7] The aerosol or spallation frangible powder produced during impact and combustion of depleted uranium munitions can potentially contaminate wide areas around the impact sites leading to possible inhalation by human beings.[8] During a three week period of conflict in 2003 in Iraq, 1,000 to 2,000 tonnes of DU munitions were used.[9]

    --
    Mit der Dummheit kämpfen Götter selbst vergebens
    1. Re:Quite possibly... by Kyusaku+Natsume · · Score: 3, Informative

      The main trouble with depleted uranium comes from its toxicity, not from its radioactivity, you can see that since as you pointed out, the half life of U238 comes in a geological timescale.

      --
      Mexico: 100% conservative's America now!
  11. Re:The supreme scrumpyolyness of delish! by PopeRatzo · · Score: 3, Interesting

    WTF? Methinks you may have posted to the wrong story.

    No, he posted to the story he meant to.

    You'll see this kind of trolling, using brand new accounts and very very long off-topic or nonsensical posts whenever there is a story that may have implications that could negatively impact a corporation or industry sector. I believe they are intended to disrupt discussion of those stories. You'll see them very often in stories that discuss telecom companies or energy industry.

    I believe they are paid trolls, from organizations like New Media Strategies (or their darker cousins) who, instead of astroturfing or writing positive things about their clients, exist only to disrupt serious discussions of things that could be construed to negatively impact their clients.

    I could be wrong, but I've been seeing this pattern. You'll also see a pattern where an offtopic post is followed by a string of anonymous or very new accounts being very repetitive and responding to the original offtopic post, creating a long section that many people just won't bother to scroll through and will just abandon the potentially hot story.

    Yes, I'm paranoid. I believe paranoia is an appropriate reaction to life circa 2011.

    --
    You are welcome on my lawn.
  12. Re:No, thanks by Kyusaku+Natsume · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Well, nobody has followed up the story of the burning refinery of Cosmo Oil at Chiba, very close to Tokyo that burned for a week, or the other 2 refineries washed away by the tsunami in Miyagi prefecture, what stand was left to burn.

    --
    Mexico: 100% conservative's America now!
  13. Re:No, thanks by Mindcontrolled · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The german poet Christian Morgenstern brilliantly commented on that kind of denial nearly 100 years ago - "weil, so schlieÃYt er messerscharf // nicht sein kann, was nicht sein darf". It should not be, therefor it cannot be. That's pretty much the hymn of the apologist.

    --
    Ubi solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant.
  14. Can we give up on the Coal vs Nuclear distraction? by dbIII · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Except for in places where it isn't in the coal, which is just about everywhere outside of the USA because mercury really isn't all that common. Even when it is in the coal how is it going to get into your system when the flue gasses are scrubbed with water to remove the NOx and SOx which as a side effect very easily condenses the mercury removing it into ash dams or other pollution controls?
    If you are going to say stuff like you do above in a public forum you really have a responsibility to say something tied to reality and know just a little bit about what you are talking about instead of just making shit up. When you are talking about a mercury threat a few orders of magnitude less than domestic light bulbs it really doesn't justify comparison with plutonium.
    I'm aware that the plutonium is also usually very well contained so is usually also ignorable. We just happen to be discussing a situation where a significant amount of it may have escaped.
    The "coal is dangerous" shit whenever nuclear is mentioned is getting very old. We all know it kills people, in fact there is almost a weekly death toll in direct mining accidents alone. However usually the comparison is brought up as a frankly very childish distraction along the lines of "little jimmy is being bad, why can't I be bad too". It's depressing and each time it is used I have to tell myself that the person who used it is a real human being and not just a juvenile lying weasel that thinks everyone else is stupid.

  15. Re:Send in the robots by maztuhblastah · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Yeah, you are probably right - but what does that tell us? They have no concept at all to handle a major failure mode in one of their reactors, none at all. All we are seeing is seat-of-the-pants level improvisation, because they have no plan. Why do we let those guys operate a reactor again?

    Why do we let them? Because as much as we'd all love to see a form of electricity generation that uses only perfectly safe fuel, operates without any risk to its users, and emits no waste, the gods have not yet graced us with such an energy source yet.

    And why do they have no plan? Well... because we can't plan for everything. We *did* have a plan for an earthquake. Then nature fucked us with a bigger one. We did know the risks of tsunamis -- but nobody thought of the possibility of a big one following a record quake.

    For every disaster you plan for, there's always the chance of another one that makes the one you prepared for look like a tiny mishap. You plan for a quake at level X on the Richter scale, nature will throw an X+2 at you. You plan for tropical storms, nature will throw hurricanes at you. You plan for those, you'll get get a tornado. No matter what you plan for, there's always something that you didn't.

    And then, after it's all over, and your otherwise-well-designed $PROJECT is a pile of smoking rubble, some asshole will come out of the woodwork and snort "How could those guys not plan for __________?"