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New Avenue For MRSA 'Superbug': Pigs

smitty777 writes with news that researchers have discovered another way methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria are developing resistance to antibiotics. According to the study (abstract), the bacteria made the jump to pigs on livestock farms, developed greater resistance through the rounds of antibiotics commonly used to keep the pigs healthy, and then jumped back to humans. "The important development in the story of ST398 is its move back off the farm into humans, causing first asymptomatic carriage in that original family, and then illnesses in other Dutch residents, and then outbreaks in healthcare settings, and then movement across oceans, and then appearance in retail meat, and then infections in people who had no connection whatsoever to farming—all from an organism with a distinctive agricultural signature. That’s an important evolution, and an illustration once again that, as soon as resistance factors emerge, we really have no idea where they will spread. So it would be a good idea to take actions to keep them from emerging, or at the very least to implement surveillance that would allow us to identify them when they do."

13 of 135 comments (clear)

  1. Who was the idiot who just let this happen? by HBI · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Seriously, why was it considered ok to dump antibiotics into animal feed? It seems like total idiocy from this angle, regardless of the short term benefits.

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    1. Re:Who was the idiot who just let this happen? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Seriously, why was it considered ok to dump antibiotics into animal feed? It seems like total idiocy from this angle, regardless of the short term benefits.

      Because factory farms make more money that way, duh.

      They don't give them antibiotics to treat disease. They give them antibiotics because they fatten up faster, I guess cause their immune systems atrophy so they can put more metabolic energy into growth.

      But no really, if factory farms didn't save that penny or two per hog we'd ALL be in DEEP TROUBLE then.

    2. Re:Who was the idiot who just let this happen? by Rogerborg · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Next quarter's profit uber alles.

      That's it. That's all there is to it.

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    3. Re:Who was the idiot who just let this happen? by BlueParrot · · Score: 4, Informative

      The risk has been known for some time, and thus the practice is mostly banned in the EU, with the exception of two compounds used in poultry feed.

      In the US it is mostly unregulated, and nearly 70% of antibiotics are used for animal feed.

      Can't say I am terribly surprised.

    4. Re:Who was the idiot who just let this happen? by SydShamino · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Libertarianism cannot cope with tragedy of the commons. You know when libertarians say that positive rights are not guaranteed human rights, because they force someone else into slavery? It gets mentioned on Slashdot pretty commonly.

      Your right to live in a world where antibiotics work obliges pig farmers to lower their efficiency and lose money, because it is more cost effective to farm with antibiotics. Likewise, your right to live in a world with breathable air and survivable temperatures and arable land obliges coal factories and car manufacturers to capture their exhausts, including carbon. Libertarians would have to classify these rights as positive rights because they oblige others to take action.

      Some libertarians will say that the court system can handle this, because you can sue those that cause you demonstrable harm. But in a case like this, exactly how much money do you think each person who dies from MRSA can extract from a Dutch farm? And isn't it better to live in a world without MRSA and more government regulation than a world with MRSA and more lawsuits?

      Anyway, if the right to live in a world free of man-made and man-contributed diseases, where the temperature supports life and there is potable water to drink, is a positive right, then why the fuck do we bother with negative rights like speech and assembly at all? They are sort of meaningless when we're all dead. We all should have standing to take action when the commons could be violated, and the way we do that is through government regulation.

      Sorry for a rant on the pointlessness of negative rights without positive rights, but I think that's why it was considered ok to dump antibiotics into animal feed.

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    5. Re:Who was the idiot who just let this happen? by ackthpt · · Score: 5, Informative

      Seriously, why was it considered ok to dump antibiotics into animal feed? It seems like total idiocy from this angle, regardless of the short term benefits.

      One reason I became a vegetarian was because I learned about all the antibiotics in Pork/Beef/Poultry. I suffered severe Streptococcus infections in the respiratory system. When learning I was effectively on Antibotics, constantly, due to my diet, thus prescription antibiotics were having no observable effect, I realized I was fighting Streptococcus which was already resistant, thus I was getting these painful and long duration infections.

      Understand this: Antibiotics are targeted toxins, most likely to have a greater effect upon certain organisims, while there would be some collateral effect upon the host, including degradation of the immune system.

      After about 2 years without antibiotic-laden foods I found I stave off these infections more effectively and when I have them the duration is significantly decreased.

      Keeping like livestock (or plants) in a dense concentration provides an ideal breeding ground for organisms to prey upon them, further, to mutate as the turnover can be far more rapid than in the wild. Add to that antibiotics and you have the ideal incubator for super-bugs. Victims of our own way of production. Won't get better with bigger factory farms, either, it's a cycle which builds upon itself.

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    6. Re:Who was the idiot who just let this happen? by fred911 · · Score: 4, Informative

      "..I would be arrested."

      No you wouldn't. You can buy many prescription antibiotics without a prescription at your local pet store. Sometime look at what is sold over the counter, in the fish section. Larger quantities can be found farm supply stores.
        It's the same stuff with "not for human consumption" labels.

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    7. Re:Who was the idiot who just let this happen? by Daniel+Dvorkin · · Score: 5, Informative

      It's considered ok because there isn't any real scientific evidence there is an issue. And it's been studied since at least 1990.

      Do you want to cite some of those studies to back up your claim? A quick Pubmed search turns up a whole lot of papers indicating that the use of antibiotics in animal feed is a major contributor the rise of resistant strains.

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  2. Re:thanks meat eaters! by TheReaperD · · Score: 5, Insightful

    We can be meat eaters and still be alarmed about the health and quality of the food supply. Being a vegetarian/vegan has nothing to do with it. There are serious concerns about our grain, vegetable and fruit supplies as well between pesticides, GMOs and processed foods. Quit sticking your nose to the sky and actually look at the whole problem.

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  3. Political solutions by Average_Joe_Sixpack · · Score: 5, Funny

    Authoritarian Left  : Antibiotics in animal feed increase yields thus benefiting the proletariat.

    Authoritarian Right : Antibiotics in animal feed increase yields thus benefiting the shareholders.

    Libertarian Left    : If the superbug kills you then you can sue the farmer in court.

    Libertarian Right   : If the superbug kills you then you can sue the pathogen in court.

  4. Re:thanks meat eaters! by ChromeAeonium · · Score: 4, Interesting

    pesticides, GMOs and processed foods

    Processed foods I'll give you. People really should move back to whole foods, preferably vegetables, in place of highly processed grains and sugars. Pesticides have their place. There's a lot to be said for moving more toward IPM strategies than we currently have, sure, but they are a necessary evil. Heck, even plants produce their own pesticides. They don't make those secondary metabolites for the fun of it. And it's funny that you mention GE crops as a problem in the same sentence as pesticides, considering the effects they've had on pesticide usage. There's plenty of criticisms to make about how people eat and how food is grown. Processed foods are one. Monoculture & lack of biodiversity, over-fertilization & run-off, water scarcity & depleting aquifers, ect. would be much better practices to gripe about, and issues like peak phosphorus, declining agricultural research, and agriculture in the face of climatic issues are also worth considering. Pesticides and especially biotechnology (in and of themselves anyway) are not...not that pesticide use shouldn't be reduced where possible.

  5. Re:thanks meat eaters! by ChromeAeonium · · Score: 4, Informative

    Anyone not aware of the risks GMO's are posing on society should really do some reading.

    Anyone who bought into the fearmongering and often times outright lies of the anti-GE campaign should do some reading.

    The scientists that are developing these seeds and pesticides wont even go near them because there is no long-term research on what risks they could offer 10 or 20 years from now.

    Funny, I've spoken with scientists who do just that. I didn't notice them eating any differently than anyone else. I've transformed plants before. I have no problem eating genetically engineered food. I do it all the time.

    And there has been long term research (unless you define long term as X+5 so you can always keep moving that goalpost). Darnedest thing is though, what hasn't been done is for someone to propose a plausible mechanism as to why GE crops would be dangerous. We know the genes inserted (cry genes, epsps, bar, nptII, PRSV/CMV coat protein genes) are safe, but for all the cries of 'what might happen' no one has explained what in GE crops allegedly hurts you, how it is produced, its mode of action, ect. I suppose GE crops could kill us all 20 years down the road, but only in the same sense that the smallpox vaccine could do the same thing, or that there could be an invisible heatless dragon in my garage waiting to eat me. After so much study has been done, you can only play the appeal to ignorance card for so long, then the burden of proof shifts to the people believing that to prove it.

    Scarey shit.

    What's scary is that agriculture is staring down an increasing population, global climate change, increasing energy costs, peak phosphorus, increasing pressure on fresh water resources, evolving pests and pathogens, desertification, deforestation, greater demand for animal protein, and agriculture has to take care l that without expanding the amount of land under the plow, and we've got people having not based in science blanket opposition to what will probably go down as the most significant breakthrough in plant improvement since unraveling Mendelian genetics. Now THAT is scary.

  6. Re:thanks meat eaters! by geekoid · · Score: 4, Interesting

    You can actually be a perfectly healthy vegetarian; but you need to be smart and knowledgable about your diet.

    Jack la Lane was a vegetarian, and who could probably kick most people ass, and rarely got sick.
    He was intelligent about how he ate, and he exercised every day.

    Most vegetarians just eat anything as long as it's not meat,and don'r exercise.

    Oh, he did start eating meat when he was around 65, or so. There wasn't any other way to get certain fats an elderly person needs. Once again, he was smart about his diet.

    I am not a vegetarian, but I would like to see people pull back on meat portions. Cause there is a difference between eating meat, and eating a pound or more of meat a day.

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