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Startram — Maglev Train To Low Earth Orbit

Zothecula writes "Getting into space is one of the harder tasks to be taken on by humanity. The present cost of inserting a kilogram of cargo by rocket into Low Earth Orbit (LEO) is about US$10,000. A manned launch to LEO costs about $100,000 per kilogram of passenger. But who says we have to reach orbit by means of rocket propulsion alone? Instead, imagine sitting back in a comfortable magnetic levitation train and taking a train ride into orbit."

56 of 356 comments (clear)

  1. Fucking magnets by ColdWetDog · · Score: 5, Funny

    Now, how is this going to work?

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    1. Re:Fucking magnets by busyqth · · Score: 5, Funny

      200 million amperes of current running down a 1000 km long superconducting cable. In other words: it's child;s play.

    2. Re:Fucking magnets by camperdave · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Do I want to know what the induced magnetic field capable of levitating 4 tons at a distance of 20km is going to do to my hemoglobin, or to my laptop?

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    3. Re:Fucking magnets by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I'm guessing accelerate it at 3gs for a period of 5 minutes.

      If the craft is designed with any level of extraplanetary shielding in mind, it'll be able to reduce the EM bleedthrough to significantly below MRI levels, and 5 minutes in an MRI is generally not considered hazardous for a human. If they can't reasonably reduce the EM effect onboard low enough to be safe for electronics, you will probably have a secure faraday box to stow them in during launch.

    4. Re:Fucking magnets by mcgrew · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I know that a sample of one is insignifigant, but my dad was a lineman working with voltages up to 90k. He could not wear a wristwatch unless it was completely made of non-ferrous material, because when he put it on after work, an hour later it stopped. Apparently his hemoglobin was magnetized. Yet he's now 80 and still in good health.

      I wouldn't worry about the magnetic fields. Apparently having your blood megnetized is harmless.

      Of course, the fact that his uncle started smoking cigarettes at age 12, quit at age 82 and lived ten more years illustrates that a sample of one is indeed insignifigant and perhaps meaningless. Me, I'd risk magnetic blood for a chance to go to outer space anyway, as I have half of dad's genes.

    5. Re:Fucking magnets by Entropius · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Wow. That's pretty damn impressive -- that despite the fluid nature of blood the spins retained magnetic order over macroscopic distances *after* bouncing around through his arteries.

    6. Re:Fucking magnets by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      You can't use your laptop at take off because the rocket will fall out of the sky.

    7. Re:Fucking magnets by eternaldoctorwho · · Score: 2, Funny

      I disagree with everything everyone said in this thread, because I am a Slashdot poster! I am a bitter pile of negativity that always contradicts or attempts to out-do the parent post. All of your opinions are false, wrong, and stupid. I know everything about the topic at hand, and you know nothing!

    8. Re:Fucking magnets by WillDraven · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I think he was maybe referring to the people on the ground in the area of the launch tube. I would imagine that you would have to build this thing on the ocean or in the Sahara desert to keep it from playing havoc with nearby electronics.

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    9. Re:Fucking magnets by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 5, Funny

      Apparently his hemoglobin was magnetized. Yet he's now 80 and still in good health.

      Another benefit is that when you're lost, you can just float your dad in a lake as a compass...

      --
      It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
    10. Re:Fucking magnets by garyebickford · · Score: 5, Informative

      The blood system does carry an electrical current, so it makes sense that there would be a related magnetic field. And (speculating) if a large number of individual cells had become weakly magnetized (acquired some magnetic alignment in materials in the cell), then it stands to reason that they would continue to maintain some small level of orientation for a while, as each one tends to encourage the neighbors to stay aligned.

      Look up "Biologically Closed Electrical Circuits, by Björn Nordenström a very well-regarded pathologist, who was allowed in the 1960s to perform studies and experiments on terminally ill patients. He proved that there is an electrical current that flows through your blood stream, and that any inflammation involves a current flow as well. There's like a little fountain of current through that owie on your hand. Also through cancers, etc. In his experiments (on patients who were terminally ill of at least two different diseases, a requirement required to allow him to do the work), he was also able to show that many such diseases - cancerous lesions among others - could be shrunk and actually cured by reversing the current flow.

      The original book of that title is oriented toward researchers in that field, is very technical and very expensive - IIRC $700? - but it is often available at college libraries, and there are several other books that are oriented more toward non-technical readers. There is also an association that has been supporting ongoing research, some of which has shown very encouraging results with localized tumors.

      Dr. Nordenström was quite familiar with negative reactions from his colleagues. As his accomplishments grew, he became Head of Diagnostic Radiology at Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. He also authored or co-authored more than 150 publications in radiology, electrobiology and pharmacology. He was a member of the Nobel Assembly from 1967 through 1986, and served as President of the Assembly in 1985. Even with these credentials, many of his ideas, such as needle biopsy and balloon catheterization were initially met with significant amounts of opposition by his peers.

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    11. Re:Fucking magnets by Cyberax · · Score: 4, Informative

      Absolutely nothing at all. Magnetic field drops off according to inverse _cube_ law. So the field will be barely detectable at that distance.

    12. Re:Fucking magnets by Grishnakh · · Score: 4, Insightful

      This is one of the big problems with our society as I see it, and a giant impediment to us actually making any real technological progress beyond building ourselves more handheld gadgets to entertain ourselves with, which aren't going to help us much with upcoming resource and energy shortages. We need to be building big superconducting structures, vacuum tubes, maglev tracks, etc. A space elevator or maglev train to orbit or undersea intercontinental vacuum tunnel or whatever is a monumental undertaking, yet the only experience we have with these technologies is very small-scale lab experiments, not any real-world production examples in the medium scale to refine our knowledge and techniques before we try building something really huge. And without any proven experience outside the lab, there's not going to be many investors willing to fund the megascale projects.

    13. Re:Fucking magnets by jandrese · · Score: 4, Interesting

      When someone proposes a gigantic megaproject like this and says that it would be technologically possible with todays materials, I always assume that they have oversimplified many parts of the design and that there are serious fundamental problems with the approach. This has been a pretty safe bet so far, and I don't think I'm going to be wrong here.

      Here's a question: When you are accelerating a multi-ton mass at 3G up to the top of a tube that is 24 times higher than the highest skyscraper in the world, how do you keep it from buckling under the force? Don't assume that the designers have thought about stuff like this, because most of the time they have not. They just worked out the basics on the back of a cocktail napkin and got all excited.

      Space elevator enthusiasts tend to be really bad about this. They're dreamers, not engineers.

      --

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    14. Re:Fucking magnets by evilviper · · Score: 2

      technological progress beyond building ourselves more handheld gadgets to entertain ourselves with, which aren't going to help us much with upcoming resource and energy shortages.

      These "handheld gadgets" gave us Li-Ion batteries, which made all-electric cars practical... That's pretty damn huge.

      We need to be building big superconducting structures, vacuum tubes, maglev tracks, etc.

      These kinds of things are called "prestige projects"... meaning, in-short, they're massively impractical, but SOUND impressive, and get lots of press.

      Frankly, vocal proponents of maglevs are also preventing us from just developing traditional high-speed rail, which France has shown to be imminently practical, and still very fast. Instead, we've got more and more cars on the road, because a practical solution isn't flashy enough for people like you.

      We don't NEED maglevs to space. Materials have reached the strengths needed for a space elevator, they just need more R&D, and THAT kind of fundamental materials research is where we should be putting our money. I guarantee you'll get more bang from it than you would building a maglev track.

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    15. Re:Fucking magnets by Grishnakh · · Score: 2, Informative

      These "handheld gadgets" gave us Li-Ion batteries, which made all-electric cars practical... That's pretty damn huge.

      If we had had a bigger push for EVs earlier, more advanced batteries would have been researched and developed earlier, rather than waiting for handheld gadgets to drive the market.

      Frankly, vocal proponents of maglevs are also preventing us from just developing traditional high-speed rail, which France has shown to be imminently practical, and still very fast.

      You've got to be kidding. France is a tiny country, about the size of a few east coast states; there simply isn't much distance between any two points there. HSR may be practical there, but it hasn't shown itself to be very practical here in the US, aside from the Northeast Corridor. Things are just too far apart; there's too many people wanting to travel between FL and NY, NY and LA, LA and WA, etc. Besides, how can HSR travel ever get anywhere very fast when you're only allowed to travel 35mph anywhere near any populated area thanks to morons that try to "beat the train" at crossings? I have serious doubts HSR could ever work here even in limited deployments, because of too many legal issues; you'd need to either elevate the train well above the ground, or bury it in tunnels; the first is probably impractical and the latter too expensive.

      A space elevator definitely sounds like a great idea, but again it needs more funding to develop the required materials and engineering knowledge, because right now it's pretty much just on the drawing board. No one's made a cable with the required strength and deployed it in the field for anything, they've just talked about how to make it. There's no telling what kind of issues will arise when trying to develop this stuff at a large scale.

  2. Train romance by Tangy · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Every step towards "Galaxy Express 999" is a step in the right direction.

  3. I can imagine quite a bit by elrous0 · · Score: 5, Funny

    If I'm going to fantasize about shit that will never be built, I'd rather dream of the sexbot. Oh perfect robotic woman---who is always horny, cooks and cleans, never wants diamonds, has no parents, never drones about about some bitch at work, never cheats, never complains about wanting a bigger house or nicer car---how I dream of thee.

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    1. Re:I can imagine quite a bit by busyqth · · Score: 2

      If I'm going to fantasize about shit that will never be built, I'd rather dream of the sexbot. Oh perfect robotic woman---who is always horny, cooks and cleans, never wants diamonds, has no parents, never drones about about some bitch at work, never cheats, never complains about wanting a bigger house or nicer car...

      ...doesn't care if you're a neckbeard. seems turned on by the fact that you're a fat slob who hasn't bathed in three days, etc. etc.

    2. Re:I can imagine quite a bit by Oswald+McWeany · · Score: 5, Insightful

      A robot like that would never settle for a slash dotter.

      --
      "That's the way to do it" - Punch
    3. Re:I can imagine quite a bit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      My God! He never took middle school hygiene. He never saw the propaganda film.

      DON'T DATE ROBOTS!!!

    4. Re:I can imagine quite a bit by elrous0 · · Score: 2

      She will when we find a way to jailbreak her.

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      SJW: Someone who has run out of real oppression, and has to fake it.
    5. Re:I can imagine quite a bit by elrous0 · · Score: 2

      Then I just flash her with a new personality.

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    6. Re:I can imagine quite a bit by superdave80 · · Score: 2

      What if it's a robotic hand?!?!

    7. Re:I can imagine quite a bit by idontgno · · Score: 3, Insightful

      F that. I'd settle for understanding how magnets work.

      <deftly bringing the thread almost back on-topic.>

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  4. Sodor by Oswald+McWeany · · Score: 2, Funny

    So will the spaceport will be built at Sodor?

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  5. Re:now it's just a minor matter of engineering by elrous0 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    All they need is a trillion $ and a bunch of technology that hasn't been invented yet. Easy Peasy.

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  6. A better idea that a space elevator by ShooterNeo · · Score: 5, Informative

    1. Requires no materials we don't already have
    2. Would allow for continuous launches. This tube could be used every 15 minutes or so for another payload
    3. Fairly massively spaceships could be launched this way
    4. Once you get into LEO, getting around in space is relatively easy and cheap.

    Downsides : the forces involved here are extreme. There's enormous magnetic fields, the whole structure is suspended in the air, it's over 1000 miles long, and depends on various complex pieces of tech to not rip itself apart. If the vacuum leaks or the plasma window fails or a magnet gets too much current, a chunk or even the whole damn launcher could spectacularly fail.

    In addition, the estimated costs have got to be a factor of 10 too optimistic. 60 billion dollars? For something constructed of tens of thousands of miles of superconducting cable and a structure made to aerospace engineering tolerances that is 1000 miles long? Even 600 billion sounds optimistic for something that large.

    1. Re:A better idea that a space elevator by RogueLeaderX · · Score: 4, Informative

      1. Requires no materials we don't already have 2. Would allow for continuous launches. This tube could be used every 15 minutes or so for another payload 3. Fairly massively spaceships could be launched this way 4. Once you get into LEO, getting around in space is relatively easy and cheap.

      Downsides : the forces involved here are extreme. There's enormous magnetic fields, the whole structure is suspended in the air, it's over 1000 miles long, and depends on various complex pieces of tech to not rip itself apart. If the vacuum leaks or the plasma window fails or a magnet gets too much current, a chunk or even the whole damn launcher could spectacularly fail.

      In addition, the estimated costs have got to be a factor of 10 too optimistic. 60 billion dollars? For something constructed of tens of thousands of miles of superconducting cable and a structure made to aerospace engineering tolerances that is 1000 miles long? Even 600 billion sounds optimistic for something that large.

      The Gizmag author forgot to read these guys web-page apparently.

      Whitepaper
      FAQ

      The version the 'requires no materials we don't have today' is built into the side of a mountain and would kill any person you tried to launch using it. Basically a massive rail-gun for getting payloads to orbit. They're especially interested in space based solar power generation. (Because launching solar panels into space and beaming the power down to a receiving station near population centers is better than putting solar panels in the desert and running power to city centers via cables?)

    2. Re:A better idea that a space elevator by busyqth · · Score: 2

      They're especially interested in space based solar power generation. (Because launching solar panels into space and beaming the power down to a receiving station near population centers is better than putting solar panels in the desert and running power to city centers via cables?)

      Putting solar panels in the desert isn't feasible because you'd need a 1000km long superconducting cable to carry the power to the cities...

  7. Re:Need to mag-lev a megastructure to 20km by Oswald+McWeany · · Score: 4, Funny

    I can't see anything impractical or horrifically energy-intensive about this system.

    That's because the article doesn't fill you in on all the important facts:

    - it would be built by British Rail.

    --
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  8. Re:now it's just a minor matter of engineering by Thud457 · · Score: 3, Informative

    There are two proposed configurations of Startram, Generation-1 and Generation-2. Gen-1 Startram is a cargo-only version which does not require levitated tubes (but instead is built up the flank of a tall mountain) and could be built within ten years at a cost of $20 Billion. Gen-2 Startram is a people-capable version which does require levitated tubes and could be built within twenty years at a cost of $60 Billion.

    [citation]

    ohmygod. I want some of whatever they're smoking. At those low, low prices, everybody can have one.

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  9. so... by tscheez · · Score: 2

    a rail gun you can ride?

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    Supplies!
  10. Energy requirements are the same by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The energy requirements to get into orbit are practically the same no matter what method you use. Yes there is some savings from air resistance if you do it at a slower speed but it's not that much.

    The only savings will be from a safety standpoint or similar. The energy costs will still be enormous.

    1. Re:Energy requirements are the same by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Posting Anon to save my mods. Don't the savings come in not accelerating your fuel?

    2. Re:Energy requirements are the same by i+kan+reed · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Yeah, that's true, except in as much that it's not. This system would save you all the fuel it takes to launch all your fuel. The air resistance is anything but negligible at 7 times the speed of sound. That's disregarding the propulsion inefficiency of rocket fuel compared to magnetic force. Not to mention the risk/preparation costs for a launch. All estimates I've seen of the differences are measured in orders of magnitude. While a space elevator is generally considered impossible at this time, it really would be worth the cost.

    3. Re:Energy requirements are the same by TheRaven64 · · Score: 2

      The energy requirements to get into orbit are practically the same no matter what method you use.

      True, but very misleading. If you are in a rocket, the energy cost for the cargo is the same, but there is also the energy cost of getting all of the fuel that you need. A typical rocket getting to LEO or GEO is over 90% fuel, so under 10% of the energy cost of the launch is the cost of something that is not required if you are providing the impulse from the ground.

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    4. Re:Energy requirements are the same by Baloroth · · Score: 4, Informative

      The actual energy requirements to get into orbit are pretty small, when you run the math. A couple hundred kg at standard kWh costs would be a couple hundred USD (don't remember the exact numbers and don't feel like doing them again. I actually ran the math to get from Earth surface to infinity: LEO would be much cheaper). You also need to accelerate to get orbital velocity, but again that actually doesn't take that much energy. The problem is, rockets are extremely inefficient. Hence why people want space elevators: technically, you could get to space, personally, for 50-60 dollars using that method. Now, this is pure physics: the actual energy cost is much higher, but even assuming only decent energy efficiency, it still wouldn't cost more than a thousand or so after you get the system set up.

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    5. Re:Energy requirements are the same by gtbritishskull · · Score: 3, Informative

      The amount of energy required to get a kilogram into geosynchronous orbit is around 15kWh. Assuming 10c per kWh (a pessimistic number since I pay ~5c/kWh to my utility company for my house), it should cost ~$1.50/kg to get something into geosynchronous orbit. I am pretty sure the space shuttle uses a lot more than 15kWh/kg to launch, considering that gasoline has 36kWh/gal (US). So, you are wrong unless you have some evidence that "no matter what method you use" you will get ~0.015% efficiency.

    6. Re:Energy requirements are the same by Baloroth · · Score: 2

      For those who are curious, I ran some quick numbers on WolframAlpha. Using U=mgh as an accurate-enough measure, for a 100kg human to travel to LEO (300km) from Earth gravity (9.8 m/s) would be an energy cost of 294MJ. In kWh that is 82, or about $9 where I live. Technically, g diminishes as you go up, so it will be slightly less than that, but you get the point: the actual energy cost of getting to orbit isn't the problem. Moving upwards through 300km of mostly nothingness, is.

      --
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  11. Hmmm, 1600 km of superconductors... by hbar+squared · · Score: 5, Interesting

    " there is a superconducting cable on the ground carrying 200 million amperes, and a superconducting cable in the launch tube carrying 20 million amperes, at an altitude of 20 km there will be a levitating force of about 4 tons per meter of cable length"

    That works out to an energy density of (mgh)=1.5e9 J/m. Multiply that by 1600 km, and you get 2.5e15 J, or half a megaton, equivalent to the yield of a small hydrogen bomb. Anyone ever see a superconducting magnet quench?

  12. cargo version much more practical by bcrowell · · Score: 3, Interesting

    The thing that makes this such a ridiculous engineering project is the requirement to carry humans, who can't be subjected to more than about 3 g's. The length of the track is inversely proportional to the acceleration, so if you're sending up steel I-beams that can withstand 3000 g's, you can shorten the track to 1 mile rather than 1000 miles. Tanks of water and rocket fuel can also be subjected to a lot more than 3 g's.

  13. How is this possible? by Karmashock · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I was reading through it and initially thought it was just flinging the train from the ground up... but apparently it needs a TWELVE MILE HIGH RAMP!... that is not practical. If you used Mount Everest to get a head start it would help but it wouldn't get it near enough to that mark to matter. How the hell does anyone think building this would be possible?

    the space elevator ideas are less crazy and they're kookoo for cocopuffs...

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    1. Re:How is this possible? by Ibiwan · · Score: 2

      Yes, magnets. They did the math already.

      How are you defining "practical"? Remember we're already talking about a $60,000,000,000 project

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  14. wtf? by jafac · · Score: 3, Funny

    Did I accidentally browse to "Popular Science Online"?

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  15. Nice pictures. Never happen. by sl4shd0rk · · Score: 2

    In the US at least, we can't even get funding for maglev trains ON THE GROUND. Until the economy is better (in, oh in another 500 years or so) nobody is going to fund something like this.

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    1. Re:Nice pictures. Never happen. by 0111+1110 · · Score: 2

      The Chinese have the money. And the manpower.

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  16. Re:cost, $60 billion? by TheRaven64 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    To put $180 billion in perspective, that's about the same cost 400 shuttle launches.

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  17. Re:Alternatives by MozeeToby · · Score: 2

    35756 Km of cable is going to weigh quite a bit no matter what you make it out of, multiply that by $10,000 per Kg and you've got one heck of a problem to solve right there when it comes to building a space elevator. Several non-rocket launch technologies, the star tram included, can be build from the ground, you could build the whole thing without a single rocket launch. The same can be said about space fountains and (my personal non-rocket launch technology) launch loops.

  18. Re:cost, $60 billion? by subreality · · Score: 5, Informative

    I'm skeptical of the cost. $60B 2010 dollars is the estimated cost for high speed rail from SF and Sacramento to LA and San Diego. You're telling me I can get a maglev to fucking space for that much? Please do it if it's true, but I don't believe it.

  19. Re:In 20 years by NatasRevol · · Score: 2

    Which direction do you think fuel costs are going to go over the next 20 years?

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  20. Re:Really interesting idea by Entropius · · Score: 2

    The trouble is that it is impossible for the US government to accomplish any project of large enough size to be political and which will take more than four years.

    Well, unless it involves the military -- they've bamboozled the electorate into pretty consistently fellating them regardless of the wisdom of whatever it is they are doing.

  21. Re:cost, $60 billion? by busyqth · · Score: 2

    We're talking about the difference between California money and real money.

  22. Re:now it's just a minor matter of engineering by mosb1000 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    $20 Billion is approximately NASA's yearly budget. Much more apt comparison.

  23. Re:Alternatives by ChromaticDragon · · Score: 2

    There are many unsolved issues with regards to a Space Elevator, but lifting 36,000 km of cable isn't necessarily one of the most significant problems. Most projections or descriptions I've come across describe things such that we would manufacture and lower the cable from orbit. Now granted, this itself presents many problems since you would have to create all that infrastructure "up there" and then find/capture source material. But you also need to do that for the counterweight. You're certainly not going to lift THAT into space.

  24. Biologically closed electric circuits and cancer by Paul+Fernhout · · Score: 2

    Free Google Books preview of that book by Nordenstrom: http://books.google.com/books/about/Biologically_closed_electric_circuits.html?id=zb-3YzIn4ZcC

    There might well be something to it, but please also look into vitamin D and vegetables as a way to prevent or minimize cancer:
    http://www.vitamindcouncil.org/health-conditions/cancer/
    http://www.drfuhrman.com/library/article24.aspx

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