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Author Threatens To Sue Book Reviewers Over Trademark Infringement

Nate the greatest writes "Do you know what is crazier than sending DMCA notices to a site like Lendink which doesn't host any content? It's when an author threatens to sue book reviewers over trademarks. Jazan Wild, a comics creator, is sending out threatening emails to any and all book blogs who review a recently published book called Carnival of Souls. The book was written by Melissa Marr, and it happens to use a title which Jazan Wild owns the registered trademark. He's also suing the publisher for trademark infringement, but HarperCollins is laughing it off. The book blog Bookalicious posted the email they got from Jazan. Needless to say they did not take down the review."

51 of 218 comments (clear)

  1. Next, chef sues recipe users ! by Taco+Cowboy · · Score: 5, Funny

    If DMCA can be applied to kitchen, maybe a chef who trademarked "salt" would sue anyone who dare to use salt in their cooking

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    1. Re:Next, chef sues recipe users ! by daem0n1x · · Score: 4, Funny

      That would lower everybody's blood pressure! Seems like a good move. All food will taste like shit, though...

    2. Re:Next, chef sues recipe users ! by daem0n1x · · Score: 3, Funny

      I can only reply with one thing:

      A big fucking WHOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOSH!

    3. Re:Next, chef sues recipe users ! by RaceProUK · · Score: 2

      You've set off the douche alarm!

      --
      No colour or religion ever stopped the bullet from a gun
    4. Re:Next, chef sues recipe users ! by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 4, Informative

      2. IF someone were to trademark the word "salt", it would not apply to the use of salt but the use of the word "salt", for example in a recipe.

      No, if there were a SALT mark, it would not apply to the word 'salt' where that word is used to mean an actual salt substance, e.g. common table salt. It would be generic in that context, and anyone could use it. OTOH, if you had a line of clothing called SALT, or SALT-brand brake pads for automobiles or something, that would be fine. If it helps, think of Apple, which has the APPLE mark for computers and consumer electronics, but has no power in the realm of fruit.

      4. Such a trademark would not be granted. You have to show that the TM is synonymous with your brand and isn't already a commonly used term.

      Again, as with APPLE for computers, you can use commonly used words as valid marks. You just can't use them in the context in which they're already commonly used. APPLE is a generic mark for fruit, and thus unprotectable; but it was arbitrary for computers, and thus quite strong.

      3. If such a trademark were ever actually granted, and they did NOT file suit against someone else using it, that would amount to failure to protect the trademark, thus rendering it invalid. So they HAVE to sue (or at least issue cease and desist).

      No, a mark holder does not have to file suit or even send off nasty letters when other people use the same thing. That's not required at all. So long as the relevant group of customers are not confused about the commonality of sources of goods and services labeled with the mark, there is no confusion, and no danger to the viability of the mark, and thus no need to take action to defend it lest it be lost.

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  2. Well... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I feel bad for the guy. He's been using the mark since 2004 for his business with his wife. That's their brand. Sending the C&D's to review sites was a mistake, but these obviously aren't going out from a lawyers office... he's trying to get it solved himself while Harper Collins gives him the finger.

    I generally don't like C&D's, but I don't like a huge publisher just screwing this guy and his wife because they can, either.

    1. Re:Well... by ledow · · Score: 5, Insightful

      As others have pointed out, "Carnival of Souls", even if trademarkable, is a pretty generic name and has been in use for FAR, FAR longer. Hell, I'm sure I've played at least one computer game where that was the name of a level, for instance.

      It's like me trademarking "Emotional Rollercoaster" and then trying to enforce it. If he had a case, it's only against HarperCollins. And if he had a case, it would be expensive and difficult to win and would make him a lot of money from them playing off his established trademark.

      I doubt he has a case. He has to enforce the trademark. But he does not have to enforce third-party reviews of the trademark (hell, that just adds to evidence of damages if anything else). But the second you sue HarperCollins, the first thing they will have done is work out if he had a case. Chances are that he just doesn't.

    2. Re:Well... by mwvdlee · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Reading a bit I would agree with the very un-/. opinion that this is not completely without merit.
      The C&D's to review sites are plain wrong, but he may indeed have a valid claim to the trademark with the publisher or author.
      It's not so much the title of a single book, which cannot be trademarked, but a title of a series of books, which can be trademarked.

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    3. Re:Well... by Tx · · Score: 4, Informative

      FTA: "Any sane person would have put a few minutes thought into the matter and realized that such an obvious phrase as Carnival of Souls would likely have been used as a title many times before. In fact, Bookfinder turned up at least a couple dozen different books, movies, TV episodes, and more – some of which dates back to 1962. And if you look inside books, Google says that it found the phrase no less than 5600 times (with some duplication, obviously)."

      You do get that, right? A phrase used dozens of times as the title of books, movies, and TV episodes. If it was an original phrase that had never been used before, then his case might have some merit, but it's not, and he's just trolling.

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    4. Re:Well... by slartibartfastatp · · Score: 2

      There's an instance of this same name in a article published today in /. about Magic the Gathering. It's a name of some card. So I guess it's an expression on public domain already. Therefore, the C&D letter is a troll.

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      -- --
    5. Re:Well... by Doctor_Jest · · Score: 5, Informative

      Indeed.

      Movie: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnival_of_souls (1962)
      KISS Album: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnival_of_Souls:_The_Final_Sessions (1996)
      (some band I've never heard of): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnival_of_Souls_(Miranda_Sex_Garden_album) (2000)


      I could go on, but my toast is burning. :)

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    6. Re:Well... by MysteriousPreacher · · Score: 2

      Go to the linked review site. He's staunchly defending his C&D letters against review blogs. He's a little shit that needs a crotch punch.

      Assuming he's actually a thoughtful and decent guy, he appears to be roleplaying as a batshit crazy cunt of a man. Seems that this isn't his first stab at asserting ownership over things that existed long before he ever put crayon to paper.

      http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2010/05/see-carnival-of-souls-comparisons-from-60-million-heroes-lawsuit/

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    7. Re:Well... by neonKow · · Score: 5, Interesting

      This guy seems to have a history of suing people for generic, carnival-themed horror. Here he is suing NBC for Heroes' having a carnival scene.

      http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2010/05/see-carnival-of-souls-comparisons-from-60-million-heroes-lawsuit/

      I'm can't say with 100% certainty that this Jazan Wild is filing frivolous lawsuits in hopes of getting some easy money, but I find the idea that he truly believes that he invented the macabre carnival idea, or that he coined the term "Carnival of Souls" hard to swallow. In addition, this guy be be completely nuts to think he can sue reviewers for copyright infringement. I say he's just fishing.

    8. Re:Well... by subreality · · Score: 3, Informative

      If it was an original phrase that had never been used before...

      You're thinking of patents and prior art. Trademarks don't work that way - they belong to whoever registers them in specific categories.

    9. Re:Well... by Endo13 · · Score: 3, Informative

      The thing is, it's a trademark. Trademarks must be defended against any potential threat, or you risk losing them. It doesn't matter how strong his case is. In fact, I doubt he expects to win anything. He's just doing what he has to so no-one can say he didn't defend his trademark and just take it away from him later.

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    10. Re:Well... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 4, Informative

      You do get that, right? A phrase used dozens of times as the title of books, movies, and TV episodes. If it was an original phrase that had never been used before, then his case might have some merit, but it's not, and he's just trolling.

      No, that doesn't matter.

      Trademarks don't care about originality; you can get protection for your mark even if you copied your mark from somewhere else.

      Trademarks don't care about novelty; you can get protection for your mark even if the word or symbol that constitutes the mark already existed prior to your use of it as a mark.

      You think that Apple or Nike invented the words they use as marks?

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    11. Re:Well... by Maximum+Prophet · · Score: 2

      You can't go around trademarking terms already widely in use. It doesn't matter that it's not a copyright. It just means this guy should have his trademark challenged.

      AFAIK, you can pay your money to the USPTO, and they *might* issue a trademark, but it's up to you to sue and prove that you should have the trademark and should receive damages. So, yes, he might have a trademark on "Carnival of Souls", but he's unlikely to get any money for it.*


      *Unless he's the Disney corporation. They get most anything they want regards trademark and copyright.

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    12. Re:Well... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 2

      The title of an individual work cannot be protected, but the title of a series can be. Apparently, that's what he's got.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    13. Re:Well... by samazon · · Score: 3, Informative

      RTFA - or lawsuit. The new novel has been recognized as a "new series of novels" of which the subject matter and audience is the same as Wild's graphic novels. HC registered a web site under the name "Enter the Carnival" which happens to be yet another of Wild's "TM" names associated with a top-selling graphic novel. Graphic novels and novels fall under the same category when registering trademarks, as opposed to say, a CD and a comic book would not.

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    14. Re:Well... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      You forgot the Magic: The Gathering card "Carnival of Souls", which was printed and released in 1999.

      http://magiccards.info/ud/en/55.html

    15. Re:Well... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      You find it baffling that a law that prevents people from naming a toxic cleaning solution the same name as a popular cola is a bad thing. Because thats what trademark exists for. To prevent confusion in salable items.
      The first trademark statute, enacted in 1870, was struck down by the Supreme Court in The Trade-Mark Cases, 100 U.S. 82 (1879), for exceeding the powers granted by the patent and copyright clause of the Constitution. Congress responded with the Trademark Act of 1881, which was based on its Commerce Clause powers.
      The current federal trademark statute is the Lanham Act of 1946, codified in Title 15 of the United States Code.
      The Lanham Act establishes a procedure for federal registration of trademarks. If a trademark meets certain qualifications, it can be listed on the Principal Register, which affords it many benefits. Federal registration is not mandatory to receive trademark protection, but a mark owner seeking to enforce trademarks in US federal court needs either a federal registration or a violation of the Lanham Act's specific sections on false advertising or unfair competition. Wild claims both.
      Did you know that /. is a trademark? or that the distinctive shape of a coke bottle is also one (called trade dress). As you commented, 'Carnival of souls' is a generic term. Did you know that according to the Lanham act, a Generic mark, like "laptop computer," cannot receive trademark protection even if they have a secondary meaning. The rule against generic trademarks is particularly important for holders of famous marks, because their marks may lose protection if they become common nouns or adjectives in the public eye. Formerly-trademarked words like "aspirin" and "cellophane" have lost their protection due to genericide. So according to you its a common phrase. In whose lexicon? No. according to USPTO, its a fanciful mark.

  3. He's got nothing... by drkim · · Score: 4, Interesting

    His comic was put out in 2006, but the title/phrase has been in use since at least 1962.

    He will have to show that people would somehow confuse this book, with his comic, which would be fairly hard.

  4. Harper Collins did infringe his trademark by TheMathemagician · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The problem is in granting him trademark ownership of the phrase "Carnival of Souls" in the first place. He's just acting to defend it against any infringement as any other trademark owner would. Of course threatening reviewers is ridiculous but the publisher is going to have to pay him off. No way can they put out a book out with the same title as an existing trademark using for comics/graphic novels etc. Someone in Harper Collins legal department should get fired.

    1. Re:Harper Collins did infringe his trademark by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Actually their are many books with the same name...

    2. Re:Harper Collins did infringe his trademark by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      You cannot copyright or trademark the titles of books.

  5. Re:this is beyond ridiculous by mwvdlee · · Score: 4, Funny

    But I would agree to a patent on TYPING ALL CAPITALS.

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  6. Sorry, but there is a valid point here by popo · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Jazan holds the trademark over "Carnival of Souls", and he has a legal obligation to legally defend it or lose it.

    It may seem silly to sue review sites, but the legal duty of a trademark holder is to actively defend illegitimate use of the trademark or risk dilution.

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    1. Re:Sorry, but there is a valid point here by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      He'll still have to take them to court and get money out of them. Nobody is taking him serious, because he's only talking, not doing.

      BTW, are you going to get sued too?

      No, he doesn't have to take them to court if they respond to a cease and desist request and stop using it. He only has to take them to court if they refuse.
      And no, he doesn't have to win any money from them, all he needs is a ruling saying his TM is valid. Even if the courts determine the alleged infringement was not actually infringing, as long as the TM is found to be valid it will still stand.

      But if you do not take the proper actions against any case where it appears to be infringement of the TM, you lose it.

    2. Re:Sorry, but there is a valid point here by thegarbz · · Score: 2

      It may seem silly to sue review sites, but the legal duty of a trademark holder is to actively defend illegitimate use of the trademark or risk dilution.

      No but, just two separate sentences. It may seem silly to sue review sites. Period.

      Actually it IS silly to sue review sites. There's never been a documented case anywhere that says when someone writes a review of something that it causes a trademark to be invalid. That notion is simply absurd as is the action of sending a C&D to the reviewers.

      Jazan suing HarperCollins is understandable and defendable in this trademark case, but don't excuse all actions by this guy who I can only assume has sought some "free" legal advice.

  7. Re:this is beyond ridiculous by jbeaupre · · Score: 2, Funny

    If you think that by using caps lock you can get me to do what you want... Well, that's where you're right. But - and I am only saying that because I care - there's a lot of decaffeinated brands on the market that are just as tasty as the real thing.

    --
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  8. Read the trademark! by Kupfernigk · · Score: 5, Insightful
    This is Slashdot and nobody seems to have done a simple USPTO search!

    He has not (and I think cannot) trademarked a comic title. He has trademarked a trademark for sources of downloadable media content. From a read of the grant, this does not cover books or reviews. He cannot landgrab his trademark to cover areas outside its applicability. Much as I personally dislike HarperCollins, I suspect that the response of their lawyers will be (correctly) the same as in the famous Arkell v Pressdram.

    The USPTO search should be compulsory reading before commenting on these issues. It quickly shows whether someone has a case, may have a case, or doesn't understand how trademarks work. IANAL, this does not constitute legal advice or opinion etc., but in this case I suspect he falls into my last class.

    --
    From scarped cliff or quarried stone she cries "A thousand types are gone, I care for nothing, no not one."
    1. Re:Read the trademark! by MysteriousPreacher · · Score: 4, Interesting

      He has not (and I think cannot) trademarked a comic title. He has trademarked a trademark for sources of downloadable media content. From a read of the grant, this does not cover books or reviews.

      He has two registrations, the first of which most certainly does cover books.

      http://tess2.uspto.gov/bin/showfield?f=doc&state=4008:m2hq6u.2.2
      http://tess2.uspto.gov/bin/showfield?f=doc&state=4008:m2hq6u.2.1

      I'd have thought the term already sufficiently generic enough to refuse these trademarks, let alone allow him to assert ownership over pretty much any fucking use of the phrase.

      Pro tip for Kazan Wild: Did you know that the phrase "The Good Book" is yet to be registered as a trademark for religious multimedia content. Go grab it, and while you're on your way down to the the USPTO, don't bother looking before crossing any busy roads you encounter.

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    2. Re:Read the trademark! by Snaller · · Score: 4, Funny

      "This is Slashdot and nobody seems to have done a simple USPTO search!"

      Because we use Google, not some weirdo search thing!

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    3. Re:Read the trademark! by TheEffigy · · Score: 2

      I suspect that the response of their lawyers will be (correctly) the same as in the famous Arkell v Pressdram.

      That predates me by just over a decade and so I had to look it up - Classic! http://www.nasw.org/users/nbauman/arkell.htm

  9. The author's take on this by Kergan · · Score: 4, Informative

    The author's take on this is further down in the comment section of Bookalicious. Quoting the key parts:

    I want you to understand something. We contacted Ms. Marr and Harper Collins, way back in June and asked them to please respect our trademark. (...). My wife and I have built our company Carnival Comics over the last 10 years. In that time, we invested endless hours and tons of money building our brands. We have been very blessed. Carnival Of Souls, our series was the number 1 ebook on Blackberry for over a year. It was featured in the LA Times. (...)

    So we protected our time and money and brand by registering a trademark for CARNIVAL OF SOULS. I started using the mark in commerce, way back in 2004. I applied for registration in 2009. and the USPTO granted me a mark.

    The person you should be mad at is Harper Collins, who themselves own trademarks for book series. This is a big company, looking at someones lifetime of work and just taking it. We begged them to do the right thing. I had hoped Mrs. Marr would stand up for the rights of trademark owners, but she did not. Would you be angry at J.K. Rowling for stopping someone from putting out a HARRY POTTER series? She has a trademark as well.

    See my point? I am not doing anything but trying to save my series from an out and out attack by a billion dollar corporation that feels they are above the law. I knew that if they released the Marr book, I would be the bad guy, for trying to defend my trademark. But what else can I do? Would J.K. sit back while someone else released another HARRY POTTER series. I think if you look at the facts in the case, you will see, that Harper Collins, should have not released a book and series, with a mark that they knew, was already out there.

    1. Re:The author's take on this by mrbester · · Score: 2

      So what about Buffy The Vampire Slayer: Carnival of Souls?

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    2. Re:The author's take on this by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Would you be angry at J.K. Rowling for stopping someone from putting out a HARRY POTTER series? She has a trademark as well.

      No, I would not, because there wasn't already material published under that name. A quick google search will show that the title "Carnival of Souls" is the title of a Horror movie from 1962, which has had a remake as recently at 1998. It was also used in the title of a KISS album in the mid 90's.

      Doing a little more digging I find a comic published on Amazon for the Kindle called "Jazan Wild's Carnival of Souls", with the TM attributed to both Carnival Comics AND Jazan Wild (one of the authors). A little more searching, and look what I find: This is the same guy who tried to sue NBC over the plotline of Heroes, alleging it was ripped off from.... you guessed it- his comic books series "Jazan Wild's Carnival of Souls". Huh, imagine that.
      Now, "Jazan Wild" is actually a pen-name for a Mr. Jason Barnes, just to avoid confusion if you're looking into this as well.

      It's also the name of a (fanfic) novel based on the Buffy the Vampire Slayer series, published in 2006.
      It's also the name of a card from the card game "Magic: The Gathering" which was released in 1999.
      It's also the name of a mission in the Funcom MMO "The Secret World".
      It's also the name of a song by a group called "Jedi Mind Tricks".
      It's also the title of a bootleg CD of a Jane's Addiction show from 1989.

      If this was targeted at another comic or graphic novel, then yes I could see him trying to enforce his TM. But it's already been used as the prominent title for both a movie and various types of music, so he can't try to apply it to any form of media or entertainment. And as for a book, since he still hasn't filed a suit or issued a C&D over the Buffy book, all Harper Collins has to do is say "Well, here's a list of book titles published prior to the TM, and another list of books published after the TM was granted which they have not attempted to defend." In short, Mr. Barnes will be lucky to walk away from this with his TM intact, let alone get anything out of HC.

      Citations:
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnival_of_Souls_%28Buffy_novel%29
      http://www.courthousenews.com/2010/05/17/27327.htm
      http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2010/05/see-carnival-of-souls-comparisons-from-60-million-heroes-lawsuit/
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnival_of_Souls:_The_Final_Sessions
      http://janesaddiction.org/bootography/janes-addiction/cd/carnival-of-souls/

    3. Re:The author's take on this by martinX · · Score: 2

      If it's the title of a series, surely the smart thing would have been to disallow a trademark for "Book Title" and allow one for "Author's Name's Book Title". That would have allowed him sufficient coverage, and given other authors the ability to use the same title without confusion.

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    4. Re:The author's take on this by samazon · · Score: 2

      Movie and various types of music are NOT covered under the TM he has (16) - which covers written/printed material. I'm sure he can't sue over the Buffy book because of the preface of "Buffy the Vampire Slayer" in the title. I don't think anyone here understands what, precisely, goes into writing a novel, or a series of novels. One of his major issues is that the themes of the new book are the same as the themes he uses, and so is the target audience.

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  10. Misleading headline by Arancaytar · · Score: 2

    The headline implies that an author is suing the reviewers of his own book.

  11. Re:this is beyond ridiculous by paiute · · Score: 4, Funny

    Capitalization nazi, not punctuation nazi. And apparently also a semantics nazi.

    Nazi should be capitalized.

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  12. So you're anti-semantic? by denzacar · · Score: 5, Funny

    And apparently also a semantics nazi.

    Wouldn't being a semantics nazi make you an anti-semantic?

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  13. Streisand effect by oheso · · Score: 2

    Surely I can't be the first to notice this? HarperCollins couldn't have paid for publicity like this ...

  14. Re:Morbo voice: "Trademarks do not work that way!" by sabs · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Reading comprehension. It's a skill you should learn.
    He's not stopping reviews of HIS work. He's stopping reviews of someone else's work, because the Book's name infringes on his TradeMark.

  15. Re:Prior art! by Captain+Hook · · Score: 2

    Prior art is for patents, not Trademarks.

    Doesn't matter how many people might have drawn a Glowing Arch to look like an M, only MacDonalds can use it as a Trademark once registered, at least in the Fast Food Industry.

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  16. Nein, das wäre eine antisemantics Nazi sein by Kupfernigk · · Score: 2

    It would just make you demand that everybody recognise your right to impose semantics on everybody. Or perhaps Symantec. This is our last territorial demand on your computer! Install Norton or the Tigers roll at dawn!

    --
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  17. Re:Does he only sue for negative reviews... by psiclops · · Score: 4, Insightful

    probably related to the tone of his reply. had he said "the person suing is not the author of the book, they simply own a trademark of which they believe the book and anything related - e.g. reviews of the book infringe upon." he probably would have been upmodded.

    in the world of argument facts are informative & insults detract from your point.

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  18. Re:Soon /. by psiclops · · Score: 2

    you don't even have a UID.

    although, i have seen comments from you since i first started reading this site. are you like the original user? before other users i guess they didn't need to number you.

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  19. IC 016 by Kupfernigk · · Score: 2
    Look carefully at class IC 016. Although in his description he includes "Novels", it's clear that the scope of 016 is "Goods made of cardboard or paper", and the IC merely references "printed matter". Although printed materials are in scope, it is a stretch of the imagination to extend this to include the title of a novel, or even a series of novels. It relates to publication or printing. One can, for instance, publish a series of books under the imprimatur of "Oxford University Press", because that is applying a trademark to the printing of books. But OUP can't then claim that Oxford University cannot publish its yearbook without their permission, because of the risk of confusion with their copyright. I suspect that you can write a book called "The unofficial history of Oxford University Press" and you will still be in the clear.

    As for online reviews, they certainly aren't included in the scope because (a) they aren't made of paper and (b) they are not multimedia.

    Oddly the class also includes paper knives. And duplicators. But that does help to show what the framers of the section were thinking about.

    --
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  20. Yes, see above by Kupfernigk · · Score: 2

    He seems to be trying to extend the scope of Section 16 to titles, rather than trademarks in the way of businesses that produce paper. Scope creep - it's the enemy of progress.

    --
    From scarped cliff or quarried stone she cries "A thousand types are gone, I care for nothing, no not one."
  21. Re:this is beyond ridiculous by Gilmoure · · Score: 2

    We've secretly replaced the Enterprise's Dylithium Crystals with Foldgers Crystals. Let's see if they notice!

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