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How Big Pharma Hooked America On Legal Heroin

pigrabbitbear writes "The active ingredient in OxyContin, oxycodone, isn't a new compound. It was originally synthesized in Germany in 1916. The patent on the medication had expired well before Purdue Pharma, a Stamford, Connecticut-based pharmaceutical company and the industry leader in pain medication, released it under the brand name in 1996. The genius of Purdue's continued foray into pain-management medication – they had already produced versions of hydromorphone, oxycodone, fentanyl, codeine, and hydrocodone – was twofold. They not only created a drug from an already readily available compound, but they were able to essentially re-patent the active ingredient by introducing a time-release element. Prior to the 1990s, strong opioid medications were not routinely given for miscellaneous or chronic, moderately painful conditions; the strongest classes of drugs were often reserved for the dying. But Purdue parlayed their time-release system not only into the patent for OxyContin. They also went on a PR blitz, claiming their drug was unique because of the time-release element and implied that it was so difficult to abuse that the risk of addiction was 'under 1%.'"

33 of 499 comments (clear)

  1. Well you know... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    That just proves that Rush Limbaugh is part of the 1%.

    1. Re:Well you know... by interkin3tic · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Seriously, how twisted does one have to be to get themselves hooked on heroin, yet thinks pot and people who smoke it, is evil? And people listen to this guy.

    2. Re:Well you know... by TapeCutter · · Score: 4, Insightful

      People who yell the loudest often have the most to hide. He's simply a drug addict who hates himself, his ego won't allow that so he projects his behavior onto others.

      --
      And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
    3. Re:Well you know... by jfengel · · Score: 5, Informative

      "The FDA says there's no -- zilch, zero, nada -- shred of medicinal value to the evil weed marijuana. This is going to be a setback to the long-haired, maggot-infested, dope-smoking crowd."

      Radio broadcast, Apr. 21, 2006

      No, he's not literally calling the smokers evil, but the OP didn't put it in quotes. It's clear that he thinks they're bad people, and he did explicitly call the marijuana itself evil.

    4. Re:Well you know... by crazycheetah · · Score: 5, Informative

      Wrong. The first is prescribed by a doctor and is highly addictive. That part you got right. Congratulations.

      Cannabis, you're wrong on, though. It is prescribed by a doctor in growing number of states in the US, and I can't speak for outside of the US on that, so I'll leave that to someone who knows better (as far as I know, it may or may not be the case elsewhere in the world that doctors prescribe it). So, a little right on the first one there, but equally wrong.

      As for addictive... Cannabis IS addictive. Psychologically for sure (you can be psychologically addicted to all kinds of things, though). Physically, despite popular, bullshit lies, you CAN be physically addicted to cannabis. Physical Dependence requires Tolerance and Withdrawal. You definitely get tolerance with cannabis, specifically because the receptors that the cannabinoids attach to begin to down regulate or stop functioning so that you need more cannabinoids to have the same effect. As for withdrawal, there is very clear withdrawal symptoms associated to stopping cannabis use suddenly: irritability, anger, aggression, restlessness, difficulty focusing, increased appetite, weight gain, sleep disturbances (insomnia, disturbing dreams, etc.), anxiety, depressed mood, cravings, sensitivity to light, stomach pain, increased sweating, fever, chills, and headaches, to name a few. In fact, because this has become accepted fact throughout the psychological and medical fields, they are adding official diagnosis of Cannabis Withdrawal to the latest diagnostic standards (mind you, they are also dropping the terms Abuse and Dependence and moving to simply Substance Use Disorders, with a spectrum of No Diagnosis, Mild, Moderate, and Severe).

      Reputable facts are a good thing to know if you're going to make claims...

    5. Re:Well you know... by Beardo+the+Bearded · · Score: 5, Funny

      I think the last time I actually listened to Rush was in 1997, so I really can't remember...

      Oh, you're missing out. While Test for Echo was pretty good, that's no way to leave yourself hanging. Rush is still touring, and in fact they released Clockwork Angels in June this year.

      --

      ---
      ECHELON is a government program to find words like bomb, jihad, plutonium, assassinate, and anarchy.
    6. Re:Well you know... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      Yes your facts follow that Cannabis overdose is the main reason for ER visits.... lol....

      The legal effects are far more dangerous to the individual than the substance.

      Withdrawal from sugar is far more pysically rough, so whats your point?

      Anyway oxycontin kills daily....

      Here is a fact for you..

      How much cannabis does it take to kill a lab rat? 2.5 pounds if you drop it from about 3 feet.

    7. Re:Well you know... by Jafafa+Hots · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I am a medical marijuana patient in California.
      I also was a habitual pot user 25 years ago when I was a teen, for about a year.

      I agree that "harmless" is a stupid thing to call anything that you ignite and inhale into your lungs, and would concede that it might be mildly physically addictive.

      If so, however, it is FAR less physically addictive that caffeine (coffee, soda). The withdrawal symptoms, if any, are FAR less severe than those of a Starbucks addict going cold turkey.

      As far as psychologically addictive, there is no such thing. Addiction is bio-chemical. You cannot be "addicted" to gambling, shopping, masturbation, etc. These are compulsive behaviors - they are NOT addiction. That is not meant to insult sufferers, compulsive behavior patterns are an illness and are FAR worse to deal with than simple physical addition. With physical addiction, you simply need to detox.

      But compulsive behavior cannot be blamed on the object of that compulsion, whether it be cannabis, eBay shopping, sex, or collecting beanie babies.

      Beanie babies are not a gateway drug. But they have bankrupted people and destroyed lives. Ban THEM? Of course not.

      If anything can be said to be addictive about these things, it is an addiction to brain chemicals the behaviors cause the release of. If you are addicted to your own serotonin, you are NOT a "stamp collecting addict."

      You need treatment, but stamps are not the cause.

      Cannabis, if it has a physical addiction component, has one that is far less severe than many substances that have no regulation whatsoever, and are sold to kids in machines in some of their High Schools.

      --
      This space available.
    8. Re:Well you know... by Hatta · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Seriously, though, there is a vast difference between taking a prescribed drug and becoming addicted to it and using a proscribed drug for the explicit purpose of getting high.

      Yes, the first is where you're being abused by people who are supposed to care for you, and the second is living your life like a free person.

      --
      Give me Classic Slashdot or give me death!
    9. Re:Well you know... by Chris+Burke · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The answer is "yes" he hates the people the same amount. That is, not

      Bullshit. I know you want to parlay the admission of ignorance of his opinion on homosexuals into not actually having listened to him at all, but this is not true and you can't just lie to my face like that. He spoke on the subject more than often enough for your words to mean anything.

      Just so you know, most people realize that calling weed evil isn't the same as calling the people who use it evil.

      Yeah and calling them maggot-infested is both accurate and a compliment. LOL.

      I didn't say he said they were "evil", I said he hates them, and he does. How much vitriol does someone have to spew at a group of people before it is clear that they hate them? The answer is much less than he has.

      If you're going to do a word-mincing jerk-off session, at least make sure you're stroking the right verbiage.

      --

      The enemies of Democracy are
    10. Re:Well you know... by ortholattice · · Score: 5, Insightful

      In fact, because this has become accepted fact throughout the psychological and medical fields, they are adding official diagnosis of Cannabis Withdrawal to the latest diagnostic standards (mind you, they are also dropping the terms Abuse and Dependence and moving to simply Substance Use Disorders, with a spectrum of No Diagnosis, Mild, Moderate, and Severe).

      In fact, because this has become accepted fact throughout the psychological and medical fields, they are adding official diagnosis of Caffeine Withdrawal to the latest diagnostic standards (mind you, they are also dropping the terms Abuse and Dependence and moving to simply Substance Use Disorders, with a spectrum of No Diagnosis, Mild, Moderate, and Severe).

      It seems to me that the listed symptoms of Cannabis Withdrawal are less severe than those of Caffeine Withdrawal.

    11. Re:Well you know... by demonlapin · · Score: 4, Insightful

      If someone tells me that Rush is an idiot, my usual response is to remind them that he probably works about eight hours a day to make millions a year. He might endorse some stupid opinions, but dumb he ain't.

    12. Re:Well you know... by TubeSteak · · Score: 5, Informative

      As far as psychologically addictive, there is no such thing. Addiction is bio-chemical. You cannot be "addicted" to gambling, shopping, masturbation, etc. These are compulsive behaviors - they are NOT addiction. That is not meant to insult sufferers, compulsive behavior patterns are an illness and are FAR worse to deal with than simple physical addition.

      Compulsive behavior is stuff like hair pulling, counting, excessive showering or hand washing, and a hundred other things.
      Psychological addiction is the reason drug users who want to stop cannot, or why smokers have oral fixations, or the cravings you experience once the physiological addiction is conquered.

      Psychological is almost always caused by a physiological addiction.
      There are people who have physiological addiction but not a psychological one.
      Those people can quit smoking or quit heroin on a whim and never have a relapse or craving.

      If you want to argue that physiological addiction leads to compulsive behavior, fine.
      But compulsive behaviors and psychological addictions only overlap, neither is a subset of the other.

      TLDNR: There is a difference between physical needs, mental cravings, and mental compulsions.

      --
      [Fuck Beta]
      o0t!
  2. History repeats itself by MrEricSir · · Score: 5, Informative

    And of course, heroin itself was introduced as a "non-addictive" alternative to morphine.

    From Wikipedia:

    From 1898 through to 1910, diacetylmorphine was marketed under the trademark name Heroin as a non-addictive morphine substitute and cough suppressant. Bayer marketed the drug as a cure for morphine addiction before it was discovered that it rapidly metabolizes into morphine.

    Funny how history repeats itself.

    --
    There's no -1 for "I don't get it."
    1. Re:History repeats itself by k6mfw · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I cannot help but think of the huge numbers of people in this country are druggies whenever I read articles like this or all these drug commercials and ads. I'm talking about the "legal" ones which I think are higher numbers than your typical addicts that get non-regulated non-prescript from the dealer on the street. And then to think there was a time in China when much of the population were opium addicts which made much of the country dysfunctional and was easily overran by foreign powers (i.e. the Opium Wars). I see the USA going the same route. If I could wave the magic wand, my first would be to prohibit advertisements of prescription drugs on television and internet and magazines. Restrict it to only medical magazines and journals.

      --
      mfwright@batnet.com
  3. 1% is probably true for all opiates by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The vast majority of people who are prescribed opiates do not become addicted to them. Most people who have try heroin or cocaine do not become junkies/fiends who destroy their lives in an attempt to stay high all the time. The "one hit and you're hooked for life" thing is just prohibition propaganda.

    1. Re:1% is probably true for all opiates by pepax · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I tried heroin once. Back in my hitch-hiking days I smoked it (believe it or not) with one of the drivers. It was absolutely wonderful. It felt like I just totally aced a toughest college exam. A complete euphoria. Pure happiness. In fact, it was so wonderful that I decided not try it ever again, because I could see how easily one can become addicted to it. But I did not get addicted. Then again, even back then, I was a motivated student, and my goal was to pursue science. Wasting my life doing drugs wasn't my plan. I might possibly try it again, given a chance, since it's now been almost 20 years. I am not planning on seeking it out, though, and I don't hitch-hike anymore, so I don't think it's going to happen, which is probably for the better.

  4. Which is why... by WillyWanker · · Score: 4, Informative

    I won't touch the stuff. My former dentist gave it to me for a toothache to last thru the weekend till I could be seen. Taking the recommended dose for 2 days and I was already hooked enough to experience withdrawal symptoms for the next 3 days. Unbelievable.

    On the next two occasions where I was offered the drug after surgery I said no, just give me ibuprofen. It's just not worth it.

  5. Re:lies, damn lies by ColdWetDog · · Score: 5, Informative

    If it was OxyContin, then he probably died from acetominophen overdose. They add huge amounts (near lethal doses) to keep people from taking too many pills. Unfortunately, some people don't read the label nor understand the toxicity of Tylenol.

    And unfortunately, reading comprehension is a problem with at least some ACs.

    Oxycontin DOES NOT have acetaminophen (Tylenol for USer's, paracetamol for the rest of the world).

    Percocet, Roxicet and various other short acting formulations do.

    --
    Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
  6. Re:Dont forget the low cost by Stickerboy · · Score: 4, Informative

    They keep the cost low even though other drugs have increased considerably in cost.

    Why is that, one might ask.

    Low cost? OxyContin is one of the most expensive PO pain medicines doctors use.

    I have insurance companies tell me all the time that they would rather I use one of the cheaper alternatives if OxyContin comes up.

    --
    Light a fire for a man and he'll be warm for a day. Light a man on fire and he'll be warm for the rest of his life.
  7. Re:Dont forget the low cost by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The man made his income by giving up any semblance of a soul he had to become as close to a literal mouthpiece for a powerful political party as is possible while still being considered "human". His entire career is built around echoing talking points and riling up a voter base according to the whims of the bigwigs in the party. Nothing more. He has no opinions, he has no thoughts, he has no ideas that aren't specifically vetted by whoever's pulling his strings to make him talk and spread hate and fear over the airwaves. He made his income by being a complete tool, plain and simple, cut-and-dry.

    And you're saying that makes US feel like worthless garbage? Pfui! Looking at that man's "life" makes me more proud than ever of how my own life turned out!

  8. Re:I had Oxy after my Donor surgery by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Why in hell would you throw away a legal supply of opiate painkillers ? You put 'em in the back of the medicine cabinet, and take them with you on camping trips and such, so if a member of your party has a real problem (crushed limbs, deep lacerations, etc.) you have something for the pain on the way back out, or (worst case) waiting for a medevac.

  9. Re:More hype and angst by aabrown · · Score: 5, Informative

    I agree with you for the most part, but... Mr. allopathic: there are two kinds of medicine: medicine and NOT medicine (homeopathic, reiki, acupuncture, and the rest of the (S)CAM stuff). That is all.

  10. Breaking the addiction is easier than you think by trentfoley · · Score: 5, Informative

    I was diagnosed with stage 4 colon cancer almost one year ago (7 Oct 2011) and have taken my share of oxycontin/oxycodone. All during chemotherapy, and especially after my surgery, I was taking oxycontin for base pain management, along with oxycodone for 'breakthrough' pain. My tumors responded to chemo wonderfully so that I was a candidate for surgery to have my primary tumor removed, colon ressected, metastatic liver tumors ablated, etc. At this point, I was taking 100mg oxycontin per day and an additional 50mg of oxycodone for 'breakthrough' pain. The narcotic effects slow down one's digestive system so much that I was also taking a shitload of stool softeners... pun intended.

    By the time I finished my chemotherapy treatments (2 Jun 2012) I was thoroughly addicted to oxy. The only remaining pills I was taking were the pain meds and the stool softeners. I decided enough was enough and stopped taking oxycontin. It took a long week before I felt like myself again, escaping the cloudy buzz of oxy. Having gone through so much discomfort, I saw it as just another part of my recovery. Note: 'feeling like myself' is a relative term - after so much chemo, I wasn't myself anymore.

    Now, my cancer is back and I'm starting chemo again this Thursday (20 Sep 2012). Having firsthand knowledge of addiction, kicking a 30+ year smoking habit and an oxy addiction, I will most likely resume taking oxy and get addicted all over again. Why? Because it helped me before. It will help me again. One week of mild discomfort from withdrawal symptoms is nothing compared to the pain and discomfort of chemotherapy.

    1. Re:Breaking the addiction is easier than you think by trentfoley · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Cannabis, of course, is ALWAYS an option :)

  11. What are the alternatives? by drwho · · Score: 4, Insightful

    After being the victim of a serious accident, I was in an enormous amount of pain. Oxycodone was a real goddsend. Maybe it takes a soul-shattering amount of pain to really appreciate the value of this drug. Yes, there are lots of addicts - but far more people are addicted to nicotiene. These slams against 'big pharma' for the black market in this drug are counter-productive and quite maddening. Doctors are becoming afraid to prescribe painkillers because they'll be accused of being 'pill doctors', so many people who don't know they have to advocate for themselves in this situation have to suffer unnecessarily. Tip: if you get a prescription, get as many pills as you can. Save some for later, because you'll never know when the anti-drug lobby will cut off the supply.

    BTW this isn't news for nerds. Is this the new direction of Slashdot under new ownership? Rage-news in all categories, not just tech?

  12. DEA written summary by rahvin112 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    And the Anti-Drug lobby writes another opinion piece that medicine should not be treating pain and pharma is out of control by providing new pain management options.

    The reason pain prescriptions have gone up is that medicine isn't telling people to take 2 asprin and fuck off. The reason my father has a fucked up GI system is because of the asprin abuse because he was never given the option of real pain management.

    As a chronic pain sufferer I wish every one of these fucktards that think no one should be on pain management could experience a month of what I do every day. The constant thoughts of suicide, the near complete lack of life, enjoyment or any satisfaction in life, the exhaustion and the constant work just getting out of bed every day. There is a reason there is an ex law enforcement organization devoted to campaigning proper pain management and it's because some of those lucky people get to experience real chronic pain.

    Someone that's never experienced chronic severe pain has no fucking idea what it's like.

  13. Re:lies, damn lies by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

    Only a specialist could hope to keep track of them all.

    Even specialists sometimes can't. One of the problems with our health care system is that the sheer amount of medications have overwhelmed the average doctor's ability to keep up. Pharmacists are typically much better, but that's because they focus entirely on prescription drugs.

    Then again, at no time in our history have we, the patients, had as much information at our fingertips. There are online drug databases where we can look up information on the prescriptions we take. It's beyond stupid to take any drug without reading the 2-3 pages of text on precautions, interactions and other general information. Google searches will yield even more information. If you have any concerns, it's very easy to bring your concerns to a pharmacist who will most likely be able to help you on the spot or will, at a minimum, look up the information necessary and figure out how to answer your questions.

  14. Re:Dont forget the low cost by jersey_emt · · Score: 4, Informative

    OxyContin is many things, but one thing it is definitely not is cheap. A month's prescription costs hundreds of dollars.

    --
    My spoon is too big.
  15. Re:More hype and angst by Nursie · · Score: 5, Insightful

    With you right up until 'allopathic'. The use of that word outs you as an 'alternative' medicine nutjob.

    If the pain model used in medicine is immature and inadequate, it still represents the best we have. I very much hope that if it is immature and inadequate that some serious research is going into that area.

    Because any of the alt-med crap may as well have been pulled out of my butthole. I'd rather have immature than a blend of fantasy and charlatanry.

  16. Chronic Pain. by couchslug · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Is Chronic, so why not ACCEPT and MANAGE addiction?

    --
    "This post is an artistic work of fiction and falsehood. Only a fool would take anything posted here as fact."
  17. Cannabis cannot be PRESCRIBED... by Ellis+D.+Tripp · · Score: 4, Informative

    because it is a Schedule I drug. Writing a prescription for a Schedule I drug would quickly bring the DEA down on the prescribing physician, most likely eliminating said doctor's ability to prescribe any other controlled drugs.

    It can, however be RECOMMENDED by a physician. The card you get in CA or other medical MJ states shows that your doctor thinks that cannabis might help your condition. It doesn't specify dosage, form, route of administration, or frequency of use like a standard prescription would.

    --
    Remember "News for Nerds, Stuff that Matters"? Help make it a reality again! http://soylentnews.org
  18. Thought experiment: by ldunn1958 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Many chronic pain sufferers will tell you that they had never imagined it was even possible to feel so much pain. They live in a universe of pain unknown to most of us. Try to imagine yourself in bed with pain shooting through your body that is so intense that you cannot move. It seems it could get no worse, but any effort to move doubles, triples the intensity. So there you lie weeping but not sobbing because that would hurt even more. Now imagine that you know for a fact that there is a pill you could take that would let you get out of bed and go to work. But you won't get it. Why? Because the DOJ does not trust you not to sell it on the street. How does that make you feel?