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Teenager Makes Discovery About Galaxy Distribution

Janek Kozicki writes "It has been long thought that dwarf galaxies orbiting Andromeda galaxy (M31), or any other galaxy for that matter, are distributed more or less randomly around the host galaxy. It seemed so obvious in fact that nobody took time to check this assumption. Until a 15-year-old student, Neil Ibata, working with his father at the astronomic observatory, wanted to check it out. It turned out that dwarf galaxies tend to be placed on a plane around M31. The finding has been published in Nature. Local press (especially in France) is ecstatic that a finding by a 15-year-old got published in Nature. However, there's another more important point: what other obvious things didn't we really bother to check?"

44 of 247 comments (clear)

  1. Working with his father... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Raises curiosity: how much work is done by this 15-old boy and how much is actually done by his father?

    1. Re:Working with his father... by slew · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Raises curiosity: how much work is done by this 15-old boy and how much is actually done by his father?

      I imagine about the same ratio as famous professors and the grad-students working under them... Don't underestimate the ideas and work that can be done by underlings. Only in this case, the underling gets the credit, in the other case, usually not so much...

    2. Re:Working with his father... by drdread66 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The kid probably did most of the coding, but used data gathered by other observations at the observatory (or even other observatories). The idea probably came from his father. This is exactly the sort of straightforward project you would assign a bright undergrad (or high school student) to do. It's relevant, mostly easy, and might possibly generate a new result. You can't ask for much more.

    3. Re:Working with his father... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      Raises curiosity: how much work is done by this 15-old boy and how much is actually done by his father?

      One of 16 authors. His dad is the lead author. Not a solo effort.

    4. Re:Working with his father... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      I imagine about the same ratio as famous professors and the grad-students working under them... Don't underestimate the ideas and work that can be done by underlings. Only in this case, the underling gets the credit, in the other case, usually not so much...

      Grad students who do the work are usually lead authors on their papers.

    5. Re:Working with his father... by cheekyjohnson · · Score: 2

      How is that relevant to this teenager's accomplishments?

      --
      Filthy, filthy copyrapists!
    6. Re:Working with his father... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2

      Who cares? Most 15 year olds struggle to do anything more than fall out of bed and masturbate. Jealous much?

    7. Re:Working with his father... by DavidClarkeHR · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Raises curiosity: how much work is done by this 15-old boy and how much is actually done by his father?

      I imagine about the same ratio as famous professors and the grad-students working under them... Don't underestimate the ideas and work that can be done by underlings. Only in this case, the underling gets the credit, in the other case, usually not so much...

      Grad students and professors? That's a bit of a stretch. Maybe parents + science fairs would be a better comparison.

      --
      - Nec Impar Pluribus, or so I'm told.
    8. Re:Working with his father... by Lumpy · · Score: 3, Funny

      I made pizza completely from scratch in my kitchen. Something that 70% of the population cant do. That makes me a genius on this planet.

      --
      Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
    9. Re:Working with his father... by jimmetry · · Score: 4, Funny

      You weren't the first to do it though.

    10. Re:Working with his father... by elfprince13 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      That depends on the university and the lab. I've heard all sorts of horror stories.

    11. Re:Working with his father... by smg5266 · · Score: 5, Funny

      To make a pizza from scratch, you must first invent the universe.

    12. Re:Working with his father... by flayzernax · · Score: 2

      He learned teamwork and science, more then quibbling about crediting. And who knows he might have been sitting at the dinner table and said... well u know that galaxy we looked at through our shiny telescope, are they aranged in a special way. Dad: I dunno son, maybe, people say their random. Kid: I got some assignment wanna help me.

      Fuck yeah I wish I had a family like that growing up. Fuck yeah we need more kids in america to have opportunities like this rather then be mindfucked by HBO.

    13. Re:Working with his father... by drolli · · Score: 5, Insightful

      wish i had mod points.....

      After ten years in science (i left): The position and the fact if you are mentioned on a paper as an author depends on many things. I have seen people who never ever did anything but stand in the way (intentionally, sometimes) mentioned as co-authors due to higher forces (buddying with the group leader) and i have seen how phd students who built the setup over five years somehow slipped of the authors list after they graduated and where thanked for technical help.

    14. Re:Working with his father... by Sperbels · · Score: 2

      If we can say that for every 1 out of X people born, a genius is born and Y number of them never get the proper education and Z number of them don't get enough food to stifle their genius or starve them to death... then the fact that we're growing 1 billion people a decade, and more of them are fed properly and more of them are getting an education, then we must have more bright people now than we did...before.

    15. Re:Working with his father... by ElectricTurtle · · Score: 2

      Knowledge, intelligence, and wisdom are all different things. You can be intelligent about math without knowledge or wisdom because it's a pure abstraction. You can be knowledgeable about geology and have no idea what to do when you get in a voting booth. Being 'bright' does not, as you infer and inveigh, make a good citizen.

      The only way to get there is with a serious and objective education in the humanities, which no longer occurs outside of some private and home schools. That too is in some degree only a stopgap for the wisdom that must be gained through life experience, which is currently undermined if not end-run by state-schools' self-esteem for its own sake nonsense and minimization of the ethics of competition etc.

      --
      I support the Slashcott and will not be reading or commenting from 2/10/14 to 2/17/14. Beta is steaming pile of dog shit
    16. Re:Working with his father... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I've seen it go both ways. Sometimes the professor will try to grab most of the credit for a student's work, sometimes almost all the intellectual work was done by the professor and all the student did was assemble hardware and collect data, but the student still gets most of the credit. I see the second more often that the first, but both happen.

    17. Re:Working with his father... by hawkinspeter · · Score: 2

      Repairs on space craft?

      --
      You're a temporary arrangement of matter sliding towards oblivion in a cold, uncaring universe
    18. Re:Working with his father... by drolli · · Score: 2

      Well. That is what senior author positions on papers are for.

    19. Re:Working with his father... by almitchell · · Score: 2

      Well, thank heavens the 15yo is a male and not a female, otherwise we'd hear all about how the father discovered this while she was posting to Twitter and painting her nails.

      --
      Baseless self confidence kills more people each year than bathtubs.
  2. Not *that* ecstatic by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Actually, since the boy has stated in interviews that he wants to leave France and go to college abroad, the press is not that ecstatic. And at least some papers have pointed out that the boy was somehow lucky (even though he most probably is a bright kid).

    1. Re:Not *that* ecstatic by cheekyjohnson · · Score: 2

      Anyone who questions anything or criticizes anyone is just jealous. That's the only explanation.

      --
      Filthy, filthy copyrapists!
    2. Re:Not *that* ecstatic by Rob+Simpson · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Yeah, I'm sure a top marginal rate of 75% would apply to a lot of astronomers, just like it did in the US when there were even higher top marginal income tax rates in the 50s and 60s. You know, that bleak period in history when the economy was in tatters and no one could find a job...

    3. Re:Not *that* ecstatic by sg_oneill · · Score: 2

      Ah russia, that land of prosperity....

      --
      Excuse the Unicode crap in my posts. That's an apostrophe, and slashdot is busted.
  3. what other obvious things we didn't really ... by Nutria · · Score: 5, Funny

    bother to check?

    Stuff that scientists don't want to be mocked by their peers for checking.

    --
    "I don't know, therefore Aliens" Wafflebox1
  4. link or it didn't happen by coma_bug · · Score: 3, Insightful

    It has been long thought that dwarf galaxies orbiting Andromeda galaxy (M31), or any other galaxy for that matter, are distributed more or less randomly around the host galaxy.

    [citation needed]

    The planets orbit the sun near the ecliptic plane, so if you were to make an assumption about the distribution of galaxies why would you assume galaxies are distributed randomly?

    1. Re:link or it didn't happen by Genda · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Because the dwarf galaxies shouldn't be constrained to the galactic plane any more than globular clusters which are randomly disbursed. This suggests that there my be an unknown process that brings dwarf galaxies to the galaxy's equator... perhaps inflow of intragalactic gas or dark matter.. Makes for a interesting study.

    2. Re:link or it didn't happen by Mandrel · · Score: 5, Informative

      Because the dwarf galaxies shouldn't be constrained to the galactic plane any more than globular clusters which are randomly disbursed. This suggests that there my be an unknown process that brings dwarf galaxies to the galaxy's equator... perhaps inflow of intragalactic gas or dark matter.. Makes for a interesting study.

      The paper found that the plane of dwarf galaxies around Andromeda wasn't aligned to Andromeda's equator, but (intriguingly) was approximately the plane formed by the line between Andromeda and the Milky Way and the axis of rotation of the Milky Way.

    3. Re:link or it didn't happen by drdread66 · · Score: 2

      This sounds like a tidal effect from the Milky Way. I will be interested to hear how the analysis & modeling progresses in the future.

  5. Let's not get over ourselves, shall we? by Kergan · · Score: 5, Informative

    According to the French press (who actually interviewed the kid, rather than reported second hand information), he worked as an interm in his father's lab. His father assigned him stuff so as to give him the opportunity to learn how to code.

    By the kid's own admittance in those interviews, his primary interest was to learn to code; and he actually puts forward that he did. It's only later that his father and the latter's colleagues highlighted the importance of his program's findings, and they put his name forward in their article (rightly so) for having programmed the tool needed to show their hunch.

    Anyway, not discounting how bright the kid might be (because he seems to be, even though he admittedly found it necessary to ask his math teacher for information on vectors), but can we please keep a cool head with respect to what actually happened? As in, a kiddo got an internship through his father and coded stuff requested by his father, and landed his name in a scientific article courtesy of his father for having written said article?

  6. For crying out loud by xigxag · · Score: 4, Insightful

    However, there's another more important point: what other obvious things we didn't really bother to check?

    Oh how I hate those pointless debate-starter questions. They come off as so amateur.

    The story stands on its own. There's no real possibility that on a Slashdot thread someone's going to come up with an obvious unchecked thing that in any way compares with this discovery. It's not a "point" anyway, it's a query.

    Not to mention the summary being incorrect anyway. It states in the article abstract that "t has previously been suspected that dwarf galaxies may not be isotropically distributed around our Galaxy, because several are correlated with streams of Hi emission, and may form coplanar groups. These suspicions are supported by recent analyses." So it's already been known about the Milky Way, this is just further analysis regarding M31, not some kind of revolutionary insight. And it only involves about half of the dwarf satellites, not all of them. Whatever. Carry on.

    --
    There are two kinds of people: 1) those who start arrays with one and 1) those who start them with zero.
  7. Not Uncommon, actually... by Bananatree3 · · Score: 2

    David Stuart, a gifted Mayan scholar studied under his parents who were both Mayan scholars. By age 18 he had won the MacCarthur Fellowship... it's youngest recipient. "Like Father Like Son" is sometimes an accurate description...While it may be published under his father's name, he might have actually provided something of value. "He's only 15" can hide genius....

  8. Obvious things to check by Okian+Warrior · · Score: 4, Informative

    ...what other obvious things we didn't really bother to check?

    Well, let's see here:

    Economics:

    1) Sovereign debt is not like ordinary debt, so it's OK for the US to have a large deficit
    2) A little inflation is good (but we can't tell you what the best value actually is)

    Medicine:

    1) Depression is a disease, and not a consequence of another disorder (as "fever" is)
    2) Depression meds actually work
    3) Obesity can be fixed by a) diet, b) exercise, or c) eating less
    4) Every medical study that hasn't been replicated at least once

    Psychology:

    1) Seeing a psychiatrist has more benefit than not seeing one
    2) Every study which hasn't been replicated at least once (More info)

    Social sciences:

    1) Every study which hasn't been replicated at least once

    Physics, Chemistry, other "hard" sciences:

    Nothing, really. Most everything of note has been replicated and confirmed by independent experimenters.

  9. Re:Physics.. by Genda · · Score: 4, Interesting

    This actually still up in the air, we still don't understand the galactic halo, distribution of dark matter and why the rotational velocity of the outer galaxy is so fast. So Where the visible matter in a galaxy is, is far less important that where all that other matter is, and what's causing the dwarf galaxies to do what they do has virtually nothing to do with the galactic disk.

  10. Re:Physics.. by aNonnyMouseCowered · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Yes, a truly dizzying fact that in space ithings have this uncanny tendency to spin. So you might have a satellite spining around its axis, then the satellite spinning around host planet, the planet spinning around a star, the star around the galactic core or a local cluster of stars, and the galaxy itelf spinning around a bigger galaxy or local cluster of galaxies, and so forth. I remember one "scientist" postulate that the only thing that doesn't spin is the universe itself because nobody has found any evidence to indicate a "universal" spin.

  11. Re:Why is isotropic obvious? by Impy+the+Impiuos+Imp · · Score: 2

    Ya really. This is completely obvious now that somebody's pointed it out.

    --
    (-1: Post disagrees with my already-settled worldview) is not a valid mod option.
  12. What? by Andy+Prough · · Score: 2

    Like the fact that entire universe is simply a computer simulation being run by our future selves in order to look back in time and understand all of our mistakes? http://news.discovery.com/space/are-we-living-in-a-computer-simulation-2-121216.html

  13. Worse ... by Taco+Cowboy · · Score: 2

    What you say pales against what I've seen with my own eyes.

    A researcher ... from a third world country ... discovered a really wonderful substance from a deep sea shell fish.

    That thing can really block pain, without causing any drowsiness, or any adverse side effect.

    The person reported his finding to his professor, who seized the chance to publish the finding.

    On the published article, no where the name of the original researcher was mentioned.

    The substance was later patented, and the patent is worth BILLIONS ... and guess what?

    That original researcher got nothing. Not even one single red penny.

    --
    Muchas Gracias, Señor Edward Snowden !
    1. Re:Worse ... by Taco+Cowboy · · Score: 2

      There was no theory.

      The group was working on a project not related to the discovery of that amazing pain killer, which has recently obtained FDA approval to be used for terminal cancer patients.

      That guy, while handling one of the deep sea shellfish, accidentally cut himself, and he felt nothing.

      Intrigued by what happened, he homed in to find what substance that had blocked the pain he ought to find.

      In his naivete, he reported his finding to his professor - and the rest, as they say, is history.

      As for the professor - that guy is worth couples of tens of millions right now, if not more, because of that discovery.

      --
      Muchas Gracias, Señor Edward Snowden !
    2. Re:Worse ... by ColdWetDog · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Interested in telling us about the drug? Any sort of new pain med in Phase III trials would get a fair amount of publicity since we've not had anything really useful since the discovery of opiates a couple of thousand years ago.

      Lots of noise - people are always 'discovering' majorly useful drugs that never seem to pan out, but getting anywhere near the market usually gets you publicity because it's rare.

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
    3. Re:Worse ... by strikethree · · Score: 2

      The only thing that I can find that is close to the parents description is this:
      http://nihrecord.od.nih.gov/newsletters/2005/03_01_2005/story03.htm

      --
      "Someone needs to talk to the tree of liberty about its ghoulish drinking problem." by ohnocitizen
  14. Re:Physics.. by VortexCortex · · Score: 2

    I remember one "scientist" postulate that the only thing that doesn't spin is the universe itself because nobody has found any evidence to indicate a "universal" spin.

    I'd have called that "scientist" a moron. Conservation of angular momentum is why planets spin round their star, and why stars spin, and why galaxies rotate... It seems to me that if the Universe itself hadn't "spun" in at least a small way then things would have been much different than they are... Indeed, sit on your swivel chair and spin, now put your arms out and you spin more slowly, but notice the forces applied to your arms: They're being pulled outwards by centrifugal force. From your arm's perspective the body isn't spinning, yet there's a force pulling on the arms.

    Now, dark energy is a force we can't yet explain. It's accelerating everything away from the center of the Universe -- Why it's almost like the Universe is in a centrifuge, and though the relative motion of everything seems not to be spinning, there's this strange force accelerating things outwards. If everything inside the water is wet, then the water itself is wet. If everything inside the Universe is spinning, then the Universe itself is spinning...

  15. Re:Physics.. by painandgreed · · Score: 2

    Now, dark energy is a force we can't yet explain. It's accelerating everything away from the center of the Universe -- Why it's almost like the Universe is in a centrifuge, and though the relative motion of everything seems not to be spinning, there's this strange force accelerating things outwards. If everything inside the water is wet, then the water itself is wet. If everything inside the Universe is spinning, then the Universe itself is spinning...

    No, there is no center of the universe. Space is expanding in all directions equally as far as we can tell. There is no radial component to this acceleration and has nothing to do with conservation of angular momentum as there is no angular component. You are jumping to false conclusions because you do not understand yet insist on calling other people morons.

  16. Re:Dad: look it up on google kid by flayzernax · · Score: 2

    Or he might have stumbled on reddit were someone said "its random" and been done with it.