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Aaron Swartz Case: Deja Vu All Over Again For MIT

theodp writes "On Saturday, questions for MIT's Aaron Swartz investigation were posted on Slashdot with the hope that MIT'ers might repost some to the MIT Swartz Review site. So it's good to see that MIT's Hal Abelson, who is leading the analysis of MIT's involvement in the matter, is apparently open to this workaround to the ban on questions from outsiders. In fact, on Sunday Abelson himself reposted an interesting question posed by Boston College Law School Prof. Sharon Beckman: 'What, if anything, did MIT learn from its involvement in the federal prosecution of its student David LaMacchia back in 1994?' Not much, it would appear. LaMacchia, an apparent student of Abelson's whose defense team included Beckman, was indicted in 1994 and charged with the 'piracy of an estimated million dollars' in business and entertainment computer software after MIT gave LaMacchia up to the FBI. LaMacchia eventually walked from the charges, thanks to what became known as the LaMacchia Loophole, which lawmakers took pains to close. 'MIT collaborated with the FBI to wreck LaMacchia's life,' defense attorney Harvey Silverglate charged in 1995 after a judge dismissed the case. 'I hope that this case causes a lot of introspection on the part of MIT's administration. Unfortunately, I doubt it will.'"

30 of 175 comments (clear)

  1. LaMacchia Loophole by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Is that a loophole?

    Surely a copyright violation SHOULD be charged under copyright acts, not interstate wire fraud.

    WIRE FRAUD?? Really? Intentional deception of others to personally gain from them? Where? How? Who? did that happen.

    Wallstreet junk assets, dressed as prime sold to banks under deception = criminal fraud, yes I can see that. And I was happy to see the heavy criminal sentences handed down to the Wallstreet bankers who lied about assets to sell them onto to their clients. Hold on, I've got confused, I meant the heavy wads of cash handed down to Wallstreet bankers who lied about assets....

    At least could you charge those bankers with copyright infringement? Maybe a parking fine?

    1. Re:LaMacchia Loophole by JasterBobaMereel · · Score: 4, Informative

      Thanks to them closing the "LaMacchia Loophole" you can now be charged with theft and wire fraud for downloading copyright material even if you never had any intention or likelihood of making money from it ...

      So now doing something that could *potentially* make you large amounts of money from (but in reality could not) is prosecuted as if you were a crime boss with vast assets from your criminal activity even though you are in reality a poor student ....

      --
      Puteulanus fenestra mortis
    2. Re:LaMacchia Loophole by Bill_the_Engineer · · Score: 2

      WIRE FRAUD?? Really? Intentional deception of others to personally gain from them? Where? How? Who? did that happen.

      At the risk of condoning prosecutor's reach, I believe the wire fraud charge resulted from the trespass, wiretap, and using MIT's credentials to gain access to JSTOR.

      --
      These comments are my own and do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of my employer or colleagues...
    3. Re:LaMacchia Loophole by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The material he downloaded was all public domain, meaning he is 100% free to share anything he downloaded. What he did that was wrong was he violated the EULA which stated that the end user couldn't mass-download or use scripts to download.

      Essentially he got charged with wire fraud for breaking an EULA.

  2. Redundancy FTW by halfkoreanamerican · · Score: 2

    Department of redundancy department.

    1. Re:Redundancy FTW by rmdingler · · Score: 4, Funny

      We don't try to scoop too many stories here on Slashdot, but once we have them, we are not ashamed to ambitiously administer the brogans to the deceased equine.

      --
      Happiness in intelligent people is the rarest thing I know.

      Ernest Hemingway

  3. Petty by ZorinLynx · · Score: 3, Insightful

    MIT sure seems like a petty and vengeful institution. I hope this makes some potential students think about their decision of school.

    1. Re:Petty by Pale+Dot · · Score: 3, Insightful

      MIT isn't unique in this case where one department doesn't know what the other is doing. Bureaucratic incompetence, not malice, is the more likely culprit.

    2. Re:Petty by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      No, they weren't vengeful at all. LaMacchia graduated and no internal disciplinary charges were filed. They should have reviewed his case internally and expelled him. LaMacchia was running a warez site, on machines in an MIT cluster, and much like Swartz got the access revoked repeatedly and kept putting his illegal and resource consuming services back into MIT's networks. The amount of warez downloaded through his site for which he was charged was only a few days' traffic, he'd been running that thing for *months*.

      LaMacchia, and Swartz, went beyond all reason in their consistent abuse of network resources and were interfering with other resources. LaMacchia was bumping up MIT's external network traffic bills, and that cost real money from a very limited pot that MIT's network people have to fight and struggle for every year. LaMacchia was also hosting warez, costing commercial software businesses a lot of money (though that's not immediately damaging to MIT). Whether he accepted cash for them or not, he was acting as a fence for these stolen goods, and he damn well knew it. The "LaMacchia Loophole" was that he didn't take money for it. Swartz screwed up JSTOR access for everyone at MIT and repeatedly took down JSTOR servers, interfering with other labs and schools.

      They both belonged in jail. Too bad they were both too privileged, pretty white boys to serve even a day.

    3. Re: Petty by Urza9814 · · Score: 2

      Yes; it's the digital equivalent to a sit-in; the fact that it is considered to be illegal is absurd.

      But even if you disagree, the entire reason a DDOS is illegal is because the intent is to shut down the site. If my site is so poorly coded that a single visitor crashes the server, you think I'd have any luck going to the FBI asking them to investigate the "criminal" responsible? Of course not. It was not a coordinated attack; it was not an intentional attempt to shut down the site; it was one guy downloading some papers that he had every right to download. If their servers can't handle the load they should add some rate limiting or something.

    4. Re:Petty by Sockatume · · Score: 2

      Whether they belonged in jail or not, twisting the law into a pretzel to ensure that they could potentially have been jailed if those laws had been in effect at the time they commited the offense, with no regards for the future consequences of those new laws, is completely insane.

      --
      No kidding!!! What do you say at this point?
    5. Re:Petty by Trepidity · · Score: 2

      To me, not filing internal disciplinary charges, but instead working with the FBI to prosecute him, has it exactly backwards. If indeed he did something wrong and damaged the MIT network, why not discipline him internally rather than calling in the FBI? Not everything needs to be a federal criminal case, especially when the institution is large and wealthy enough, as MIT is, to handle its own problems.

    6. Re:Petty by poetmatt · · Score: 2

      Why would you expel someone for warez? That just shows that a school has no actual values/isn't with the times. Please show me a school that would expel a student for torrenting, and that would be a school which should be torn down for a lack of a backbone on sensible policies.

      Please remind me of where the harm is for LaMacchia, since he was found not guilty. Please, play more bullshit there, buddy. Swartz's access to Jstor meant nothing as it was public. If he took it down, then what? That means it's nothing to do with copyright or wire fraud if you're simply impacting the network.

      Neither belong in jail. It's too bad that you seem to have a complete misunderstanding of the law and reality, just like anyone who's either a: deliberately trolling or b: associated/involved with some aspect of MIT, or c: MAFIAA.

  4. MIT is business by erroneus · · Score: 2

    MIT is all about producing people for business. The connection between business and MIT are obvious. MIT is not publicly funded according to what I've read, though there are arguments against or limiting that notion.

    I think attendees at MIT need to do some soul searching of their own. MIT could be forced to close up if enough students decided to not enroll the next go-around. It's a tough choice because having MIT papers backing you makes one's future look brighter. But what about the larger picture? I hope they are considering it. Student protests should happen.

  5. Legal and you know it, Ortiz doesn't by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    "install a laptop, script file downloads,"
    You know those two things are legal don't you?

    "evade security, hide my identity"
    Yep, this too, completely legal. You as Anonymous Coward should know it's legal to hide your identity! Even Ortiz can come here and spout random garbage hiding her identity.

    "lie to campus police and be let go free of charge"
    This too, completely legal, campus police are just security guards with no special right to be told the truth.

    What he was charged with, was copyright infringement (possibly trespass), written up as hacking and wire fraud. The investigation is to whether the prosecutor was inflated the charges for her political gain. She has a history of it, the prosecutors office wasn't planning on big charges, then she took it off him.

    MIT are concerned that they may be a conspirator to this inflation-for-political-gain. See they can see the charges were inflated and they want to make sure their hands are clean of it. Prosecuting a crime based on the law of the crime is one thing, prosecuting on random inflated implausible charges in order to force a plea bargain to score a nice prosecution on your CV, is something quite quite different.

    The question now is if Ortiz can remain in office when her view of the law is so departed from the actual laws themselves.

    At best she's malicious, at worst she's incompetent*. Either way, that's not someone who should be a prosecutor, let along a head prosecutor.

    * I don't think she was incompetent, when she described copyright infringement as 'theft if theft' it showed a disregard for the law she was completely aware of.

    1. Re:Legal and you know it, Ortiz doesn't by nomadic · · Score: 2, Insightful

      "This too, completely legal, campus police are just security guards with no special right to be told the truth."

      Actually campus police are usually sworn police officers under state statutes, just like municipal or county police.

      I think MIT was morally wrong in not pursuing this, and the U.S. attorneys' office overreached, but the whole issue is not as cut-and-dried as most people here would prefer you believe. I don't think Swartz was just a passive actor caught up in forces he had no control over, and framing the story that way does a disservice to the truth. Even the 6 month prison sentence under the plea bargain was unfair but not a legitimate cause for suicide and I don't think you can put all of that on the prosecutors' shoulders; I mean 6 months in a minimum security federal prison is not exactly hard time.

    2. Re:Legal and you know it, Ortiz doesn't by Mike_EE_U_of_I · · Score: 3, Informative

      And if it was just the six months, that might have been OK. But the prosecutor was also insisting on a guilty plea to multiple felony counts. Once you are a convicted felon, many of your rights disappear forever. Do you vote? Convicted felons don't.

    3. Re:Legal and you know it, Ortiz doesn't by dynamo · · Score: 2

      No it wouldn't have been ok, not even might. I only know from hearing the stories of others, to be fair, but if I had gone to prison for 6 months on trumped up charges because of something I did to try to increase the amount of freedom in the world without profiting from it, I would not find that acceptable, fair, ok, worth living for, etc.

      It is sad to realize/say this, but Swartz probably did the best thing he could have done to draw attention to his cause and try to get it fixed. I hope it makes a difference.

    4. Re:Legal and you know it, Ortiz doesn't by sesshomaru · · Score: 4, Informative

      Oh, and let's not miss this gem:

      We strongly recommend all 18-22 year olds, all those indicted or convicted of child pornography, and all homosexual individuals contact us. You are the most vulnerable and will be targeted by other inmates. -- Federal Prison Consultant Service's Federal Prison Guidebook For First Time Inmates

      Lucky thing that Aaron was just a young looking 26...

      --
      "MIT betrayed all of its basic principles."
  6. Re:Outward Appearances by alexgieg · · Score: 5, Interesting

    To the dispassionate and disinterested outside observer, a mentally disturbed man committed suicide.

    No. To a dispassionate and disinterested outside observer, someone was being punished much more harshly than whatever he deserved.

    It's simply really. Murder should carry the harshest punishment, whatever "harshest" means in a given culture. Anything that caused less severe damage should be punished less severly, in roughly this decreasing order: a) murder; b) physical damage to another person, c) physical damage to another's property, d) no physical damage to anyone.

    Moral issues arise when one does something at 'd' level, but the law (and those enforcing it) are so sick they want to punish him at 'c+' level. Swartz case is a prime example, and clear symptom, of this very sickness.

    --
    Conservatism: (n.) love of the existing evils. Liberalism: (n.) desire to substitute new evils for the existing ones.
  7. Remember the Logan Airport "LED bomb scare", too by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Interesting

    "Approximately 30 students gathered yesterday afternoon to protest the administration’s handling of controversies involving students. While the majority of the protest was focused on the Star A. Simpson ’10 arrest, the discussion also touched on administrative reactions to the sodium fire on the Charles River and the felony charges filed against hackers found in the MIT Faculty Club.

    The protest, which took place outside of Pritchett Dining in Walker Memorial, consisted of students carrying signs such as “Question the Media,” “Wait for the Facts,” and “Support Your Student.” Students also carried a protest letter that had been circulated across the campus."

    http://tech.mit.edu/V127/N41/protest.html

  8. Re:Outward Appearances by sribe · · Score: 4, Insightful

    1a. You can be (i)charged, (ii)prosecuted and a (iii)jury determines your guilt. This situation was at the first stage (i). No foul.

    So the next time you get a parking ticket, if you're charged with murder, you'd be OK with that because you'd get the chance to defend yourself in court?

    A gross exaggeration of course, but your statement "no foul" about the gross prosecutorial overreach in this case makes me feel sick. How can anyone possibly say that in good conscience???

  9. Re:Outward Appearances by Harodotus · · Score: 5, Informative

    I might add the Swartz was charged with 13 felonies, with a maximum sentence of 65 years in felony lockup, effectively life in prison. Murder, even multiple murders, has no more harsh a punishment (except in death penalty states).

    You're point is valid, but it's, at best,a Type D "crime" being punished as a type A "the most harsh society can inflict" and might not even be a good civil suit for mild contract violation.

    --
    Its not users who are broken, it's systems not taking account their likely behaviour and fixing it technically.
  10. Re:Outward Appearances by sribe · · Score: 3, Insightful

    On one hand supporters want to say that he isn't a criminal because he wasn't convicted. The same group wants to say he was punished unfairly though he received no sentence. Contradiction.

    Not at all. Being subjected to grossly exaggerated charges that only relate to your actual actions in the demented mind of a lunatic prosecutor, spending a fortune on lawyers, and living under the threat of bankruptcy AT BEST and at worst conviction with a monstrously disproportionate sentence--is most certainly punishment. You have to be a fucking sociopath to claim otherwise.

  11. Re:Don't break into company computer rooms by sribe · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Don't get your life ruined. Fair deal.

    Where of course by "breaking in" you mean "opening an unlocked door" and by "company" you mean "a university with an open campus and extremely liberal access policies". I wonder if there are job openings in Carmen Ortiz's office?

    He did trespass, and he deserved to be punished for it. A $100 fine, or maybe a small amount of community service in lieu.

    He did commit some copyright violation, and although the amount of stuff downloaded was massive, he didn't do anything with it, and so the damages to JSTOR were non-existant. So for that one, maybe $1,00 fine, 100 or 200 hours of community service, and a suspended sentence.

  12. Re:Outward Appearances by nomadic · · Score: 2

    It makes perfect sense to blame the DA for overreaching and harassing Swartz but not blame her for the suicide.

  13. MIT did nothing wrong by TheMathemagician · · Score: 3, Insightful

    They detected an intruder illegally breaking into their network and worked with the authorities to catch the perpetrator in the act. What happened afterwards is not MIT's fault. If you decide to "stick it to the man" then be prepared for some blowback.

  14. Re:That would be 0.01% of a single track of music. by MobyDisk · · Score: 2

    this!

    I thought they were inflating the dollar amount because they were jerks. But it was more than just that: they had to inflate it so it met the dollar amount where the feds could get involved.

  15. Friends do not let friends attend MIT by TwineLogic · · Score: 2

    After these events, what American in their right mind would attend MIT? I say leave that musty institution to foreigners. Let it rot.

  16. Re:Outward Appearances by stenvar · · Score: 3, Interesting

    You can't total up times that way. It isn't merely unlikely that he would have received such a sentence, it is impossible under federal sentencing guidelines. Saying that he faced a "maximum sentence of 65 years" is wrong, plain and simple. To put it differently, people who actually get 65 years usually face a maximum sentence of hundreds of years.

    Swartz actually faced a maximum sentence of about three years. He had been offered a deal of six months in a minimum security prison by the prosecutor. Realistically, that's also about the maximum term a court would have imposed anyway.