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Walk or Run: Are We Built To Be Lazy?

sciencehabit writes "A quick visit to Monty Python's Ministry of Silly Walks shows just how many ways humans (or at least British comedians) can think of to travel from point A to point B. So why don't we high kick our way to the bus stop or skip to the grocery store? New research suggests that there may be a deep biomechanical reason governing the gaits we choose in different situations. In short, people consistently choose to walk when they need to travel slower than 2 m/s to reach their goal in the given time; when they needed to move about 3 m/s or faster, they ran. But in between—in 'the twilight zone between walking and running'—people tended to mix the two gaits, minimizing their energy expenditure. The findings could help scientists design better prosthetic limbs and even build more human-like robots"

23 of 189 comments (clear)

  1. Looking around me... by dreamchaser · · Score: 2

    It is tempting to say we're built to be lazy. Just look at all the slothful people. On the other hand, being able and willing to NOT be lazy when the time comes has a distinct evolutionary advantage, just as saving energy when one needs to does. I supposed we're meant to be a blend.

    1. Re:Looking around me... by epiphani · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I actually had the opposite reaction. I'm 31, and I constantly fight the urge to run everywhere. I remember all through school, even into early highschool, I'd run everywhere I wanted to go.

      Then it was uncool to run. Then inappropriate. Then unprofessional. A year ago, effectively 15 years after I stopped running everywhere, I started running for exercise. I'm getting back into shape. And I'm finding it annoying that I can't just run all the time - I'll get sweaty or smelly, and that's just socially unacceptable.

      I'm pretty sure we're all meant to run a LOT more than we do - and we've forced ourselves to stop due to social pressure.

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    2. Re:Looking around me... by epiphani · · Score: 3, Insightful

      You misunderstand. I'm impatient. Now that I'm actually capable of running a reasonable distance, I get annoyed walking because I could be getting there faster!

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    3. Re:Looking around me... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Look up "Runner's high". You always want to run because you crave that high again. Bring a change of clothing and learn to take a dry or sponge bath. You won't be sweaty or smelly anymore in social settings.

      There are some credible theories that we evolved and are Born To Run (name of a good book). Research it if you want to know more. Do you want to know more?

    4. Re:Looking around me... by Vaphell · · Score: 4, Informative

      haven't you overused heels by any chance? not that i am a runner, but people doing barefoot running say it's because heel running skips all the dampening effect provided by foot muscles/tendons+calf and the whole shock goes along the rigid bone straight to the knee. Soft heel in a shoe provides false sense of security but doesn't offset the lack of natural shock absorption.
      If you are barefoot on a hard stone floor, are you able to use heels at all? i know i don't, it fucking hurts and that tells me it's not how it's supposed to be done.

    5. Re:Looking around me... by HornWumpus · · Score: 2

      Old bull and young bull are on top of a hill. They look around and see a herd of cows. The young bull gets all excited, says: 'I'm going to run down there and fuck a cow'. The old bull says: 'I'm going to walk down there and then fuck _all_ those cows.'

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    6. Re:Looking around me... by scheme · · Score: 3, Informative

      I'm pretty sure we're all meant to run a LOT more than we do - and we've forced ourselves to stop due to social pressure.

      Hate to break it to you... but we're not. Humans run worse than just about every vaguely similar sized animal on the planet. The reason that we are the way we are is most definitely not because we can run fast.

      It's up to you whether you run - I hate running personally, but love swimming, football (yes I know that involves running), rowing, tennis (see before). My knees are not cut out for long distances.

      Actually, if you look at the stats, people tend to be the most efficient runners on the planet (with kangaroos coming in second). Although quadrupeds can run faster, they tire out much more quickly as well as overheat. The end result is that over longer distances (45+ km), humans are pretty competitive with animals such as horses. There's actually a hunting technique that's been used called exhaustion hunting, where people chased a deer or whatever until it collapsed from exhaustion and then ran up to it and killed it. It works because running on two legs is more efficient than running on 4 legs and because people have a few adaptations (e.g. hairless skin, etc.) that allow them to get rid of heat more easily.

      --
      "When you sit with a nice girl for two hours, it seems like two minutes. When you sit on a hot stove for two minutes, it
    7. Re:Looking around me... by quadrox · · Score: 2

      I know exactly how you feel, been like this all my life. When I'm walking with other people I constantly have to remind myself to slow down because they can't keep up.

  2. Fuck Sake by EmagGeek · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It's not called being lazy. It's called SURVIVING on LIMITED RESOURCES, which is what Humans had to do for hundreds of thousands of years before developing the technology to increase food availability.

    Expending the least amount of energy was called SURVIVAL.

    We really have completely lost touch with reality, haven't we? We are living in the idiocracy.

    1. Re:Fuck Sake by schlachter · · Score: 4, Funny

      It's not called being lazy. It's called SURVIVING on LIMITED RESOURCES, ....

      And I totally pictured a bunch of nerds in their parent's basements living off energy drinks and cheetos...reaching for their mouse

      --
      My God can beat up your God. Just kidding...don't take offense. I know there's no God.
    2. Re:Fuck Sake by mister2au · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I think there is a more subtle point to the study ...

      Energy expenditure for walking above 2m/s (7.2kph / 4.5mph) increases quite dramatically and for above 3m/s (10.8kph / 6.8/mph) you physically need to be running.

      In the transition (between 2-3 m/s) it seems to be more economical to access the low energy walking at low speed supplemented by whatever limited running is needed. For example, to average 2.5 m/s (9kph or 5.6mph) it is better walk half of it at 2m/s and run half at 3m/s rather than power-walk or slow-jog at 2.5 m/s consistently.

      Point of the study is that people tend to naturally optimise this ... or conversely i would argue that people are poor at judging speeds and have to increase/decrease to make the time limit - it would be interesting to repeat but give people a pace-indicator and see if people still maintained alternating speeds or changed instead to a steady pace.

      Obviously the title is stupid and really should been focused on how WELL people optimise their energy output not whether people do.

    3. Re:Fuck Sake by similar_name · · Score: 2

      Not just humans, I would argue most (if not all) life expends as little energy as necessary.

  3. Is it lazy to be prudent? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Consider our ancestors. Would it be a good idea to always rush from point A to point B, risking near constant exhaustion? Predators would find us an easy kill at that point.

    I'd argue that this conservative behavior is evolutionarily driven.

    1. Re:Is it lazy to be prudent? by GreyLurk · · Score: 2

      Which is a good part of the reason that dieting and exercise are so hard to get into for a lot of people. We have deeply ingrained evolutionary drives to eat whatever food is available to us, and conserve our calories as much as possible, because as animals, we never knew when our next meal would be available, so you darn well better eat as much of that deer carcass as you can before it goes bad, or some bigger predator tries to take it from you.

    2. Re:Is it lazy to be prudent? by demonlapin · · Score: 2

      Also: dieting and exercise are often misapplied. Exercise is for making you stronger or increasing your endurance. Diet is for changing your body fat. Using one when you should use the other is not going to work, long-term. Try getting rid of sugars and starches and see how much weight you lose. I've dropped 75 lbs / 35 kg since last March, and the only change I have made is that I now eat less than ten grams of carbohydrate a day as a goal, with less than twenty grams as the absolute limit. I have not engaged in an exercise plan, although doing so would be beneficial, and I didn't quit drinking alcohol, although I do stay away from beer (loaded with maltose) and try to keep wine down to two or three glasses a week. Spirits (but not liqueurs) are carbohydrate free, after all, as long as you use sugar-free mixers.

      Try it. Change your life. It sure changed mine. Remember: Obesity is a disease of fat storage. If your body is predisposed to store energy as fat, and you thus have low circulating levels of energy (glucose, fatty acids, and ketone bodies), you will of course be hungry all the time, until you accumulate enough fat that the basal release of fatty acids from all your tissue is adequate to provide for the body's energy needs. You will be puzzled why you have thin friends who plow through half again as much food as you do with no ill effects, but this is because they don't share your problem - they metabolize carbohydrates rather than storing them. And you will struggle with your weight, as I did for the first 37 years of my life. Then I found the way out. The last time I was this thin, I was eating 800-1000 calories a day and was constantly hungry. Tonight I had a two-egg omelet cooked in a tablespoon of lard stuffed with ground pork sausage and cream cheese and topped with sambal oelek (basically chunky Sriracha without the sugar) for dinner. I had fried chicken with the breading and skin pulled off for lunch. I had eight strips of bacon for breakfast. Yesterday, I skipped breakfast, ate half a NY strip for lunch, and had green beans, mushrooms, and a T-bone for dinner. I don't have the constant hunger anymore. I feel great. And I can totally eat like this for the rest of my life.

  4. So let me get this straight... by theIsovist · · Score: 4, Funny

    ... Scientists discovered jogging?

    1. Re:So let me get this straight... by Obfuscant · · Score: 2

      Shhh. Don't let Apple know or they'll try to patent it. With rounded corners.

  5. Re:Kind of obvious by hawguy · · Score: 2

    So when people need to run, they run, but if they don't need to run, they don't? Is that really all this is saying? I sure hope there is some more technical benefit to the field of prostheses or this study was probably a waste of money.

    My dog doesn't follow this pattern, she runs pretty much everywhere, even when she has no obvious reason to get there in a hurry. Except of course, when I'm standing by the car calling her and trying to coax her to come quickly so we can go home, then she walks slowly and meanders her way back to the car.

  6. If I need to go faster than 3m/s... by ksemlerK · · Score: 2

    I'm driving or flying there. Fuck using my feet.

  7. Anecdote by PPH · · Score: 3, Funny

    I used to work in an office with an extremely athletic lady. She used to run (actually more of a jog) down the aisles between cubicles. Not bad looking either.

    One day, my boss was standing in the doorway, talking with me when she ran by. He gave her sort of an odd look. When he turned back to speak with me, I said, "If I were her, I'd run by this cubicle as well."

    He was laughing so hard, it was pretty much the end of our conversation.

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.
  8. The plenny-step by DNS-and-BIND · · Score: 2

    After WWII ended, German POWs in the gulags of the Soviet Union adopted a particular method of movement known as the "plenny-step". This was designed by the prisoners to conserve energy when the Communists provided a starvation diet. Not much is known of the exact method used, other than it "turned the camp inhabitants into a mass of bent, crawling figures". You have to realize that the human body (and all animals) do a really good job with optimizing energy output for work achieved.

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    Shutting down free speech with violence isn't fighting fascism. It IS fascism!
  9. Re:why not run everywhere? by mister2au · · Score: 3, Informative

    Why is it that joint wear only happens to the "exercise" runners?

    Because it is not joint wear but a symptom of prior joint damage.

    Serious runners run within their limits and typically run with good form ... Exercise runners are more prone to 'over-train' relative to their ability and are typically in worse shape than serious runners (eg. more body weight, poorer running form, less conditioning of muscles and ligaments).

    Hence, exercise runners are more prone to do damage that will later develop into osteoarthritis.

    I think there is reasonable evidence that amateurs in most sports have higher injury rates than professionals, despite the professionals undertaking physically more demanding activities.

    Likewise, plenty is evidence that knees (and joint in general) do not just "wear out" as you correctly suggest.

  10. Goodies by Whiteox · · Score: 2

    I prefer the 'Policeman' walk - gait or whatever. It's a one leg leap forward with a pointed foot. Gracefull but silly.

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    Don't be apathetic. Procrastinate!