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US Gained a Decade of Flynn-Effect IQ Points After Adding Iodine To Salt

cold fjord writes "I wish it was always this easy. Business Insider reports, 'Iodized salt is so ubiquitous that we barely notice it. Few people know why it even exists. Iodine deficiency remains the world's leading cause of preventable mental retardation. According to a new study (abstract), its introduction in America in 1924 had an effect so profound that it raised the country's IQ. A new NBER working paper from James Feyrer, Dimitra Politi, and David N. Weil finds that the population in iodine-deficient areas saw IQs rise by a full standard deviation, which is 15 points, after iodized salt was introduced.... The mental impacts were unknown, the program was started to fight goiter, so these effects were an extremely fortunate, unintended side effect.'"

22 of 270 comments (clear)

  1. The question you are all asking... by Megane · · Score: 5, Informative

    What is the Flynn Effect?

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    #naabhaprzrag, #sverubfr-000, #agi-fcbafberq, negvpyr[pynff*=' negvpyr-ary-'] { qvfcynl: abar !vzcbegnag; }
    1. Re:The question you are all asking... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      I wasn't asking it as I've been taking my iodized salt.

    2. Re:The question you are all asking... by datavirtue · · Score: 4, Funny

      No, I was busy jumping to conclusions with only a scant amount of knowledge in hand--which was gleaned from the headline and half of the summary.

      --
      I object to power without constructive purpose. --Spock
    3. Re:The question you are all asking... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

      Lies.

      Sincerely,
      Master Control Program

    4. Re: The question you are all asking... by Dishevel · · Score: 5, Funny

      I like my heroes to be WAY over the top. That is why mine is Buckaroo Banzi.

      --
      Why is it so hard to only have politicians for a few years, then have them go away?
    5. Re:The question you are all asking... by internerdj · · Score: 4, Funny

      You are doing it wrong. Most Americans buy the kind that has the flavored coatings. You can find it on nearly every aisle of what is commonly called a grocery store. Just be sure to stay out of the area labeled produce.

  2. But now people in the US try to avoid it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    And now we've got people in the US trying to avoid "iodized salt" because it's a "processed food" and they want "natural mineral salts". Of course they don't even know why salt is iodized -- they think it's a "preservative" (you know, cause salt goes bad) or somesuch -- and while they might be getting enough iodine elsewhere they certainly aren't regulating their intake to ensure as much. It's almost as bad as the folks who want "pectin-free" jam.

  3. Not the only public health benefit. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    Simply meeting the basic needs of the general public brings huge gains.

    There used to be a stereotype that all southerners were lazy and terrible workers. Turns out they were really just riddled with parasites (That train your energy and make you tired) Basic sanitation (Even things a simple as proper outhouses dug deep enough) solved that problem amazingly well. Many poor nations struggle with this problem today, however.

    The Army started school lunch programs because malnourished children were growing up stunted and short (among other health problems), and made for awful soldiers.

    1. Re:Not the only public health benefit. by Intropy · · Score: 5, Informative

      I believe you are referring to hookworms, which were found in an estimated 40%-70% of people living in the Southern US in the early 1900s in sufficient amounts to cause disease. They cause anemia and fatigue. They're expelled in feces, and can live in soil for a while. The problem was them digging out of outhouses through the soil and finding their way into people walking around barefoot. The solution was to dig deeper outhouses, so that the hookworm couldn't live in the soil long enough to reach the surface, and to wear shoes. On the flip side, there's serious current research into using small-scale hookworm infestation as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, including crohn's and multiple sclerosis.

    2. Re:Not the only public health benefit. by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 5, Informative

      What kind of parasites, and why did they have more of them than damnyankees? Serious question.

      A number of energy and grown sapping diseases, such as malaria and yellow fever, were common in the American South in the 19th century, but uncommon in the North. But the biggest culprit was probably hookworms, which cause "intellectual, cognitive and growth retardation". Average IQ in the South increased significantly as hookworms were eradicated in the early 20th century.

      We might get another gain if we eradicate toxoplasmosis, a parasite spread by cats. It is believed by some to depress intelligence and novelty seeking behavior in humans.

  4. Re:derp.... by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 5, Interesting

    But I um... thought... um.. it was good for.me to um..... have a what's the.word Jenny? A diet low is salt. I may not be smart, but I know what high blood pressure is...

    Just a note that, according to my doctor, and many articles I've read, excessive salt in the diet is NOT a problem for many/most people, but only those sensitive to it. Good explanations can be found:

    --
    It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
  5. Salt in Food is Ubiquitous in the US by ScottCooperDotNet · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I try to avoid salt when possible because so much food is overloaded with it, so I'm a little over the daily recommended value instead of double of it.

    Salt isn't just a preservative but a way to make lesser-quality food taste better, so the market gives a financial incentive to salt up everything.

    1. Re:Salt in Food is Ubiquitous in the US by hedwards · · Score: 4, Insightful

      That's a valid concern, but another part of it is that iodized salt isn't usually what they're using in processed foods. So, not only do you get tons of salt, but it doesn't even have the trace minerals that would benefit you.

      And yes, the main reason that salt is in so many foods is because it increases appetite and enhances flavor.

    2. Re:Salt in Food is Ubiquitous in the US by deimtee · · Score: 4, Informative

      It's a gram and a half of sodium. It's 3.8 grams of salt.

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      I'm guessing that wasn't on their radar screen...
  6. Re:derp.... by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 4, Interesting

    excessive salt in the diet is NOT a problem for many/most people, but only those sensitive to it.

    People with West African ancestory (as most African-Americans are) tend to be the most sensitive. East Asians tend to be the least sensitive. People of European descent tend to be in the middle. This correlates well with areas where salt was historically rare/common. In West Africa, salt was often brought in caravans across the Sahara, and was very expensive, and thus unavailable to common people. In China, for centuries, even peasants could afford to drench their food in salt-laden soy sauce.

  7. Some observations about Iodine by Okian+Warrior · · Score: 4, Informative

    A lot of people in the US live in the so-called Goiter Belt, which is a band of the northernmost state (or two) of the US. Roughly speaking, the other states were once a vast inland ocean swamp, so the soil become infused with Iodine form the ocean. This gets into the water supply, with the result that Northern residents have far less Iodine in their diet than southern states.

    Another source of Iodine used to be bread - Iodine was used as a dough conditioner in bread, so a little bit got into the food chain that way. Some of the effect we're seeing might also be due to the rise of manufactured bread in the US.

    More recently, however, bread makers have started using Bromine instead of Iodine. Bromine binds to Iodine receptors so not only are we no longer getting Iodine from bread, we're less able to process the Iodine we do get.

    There's also the question of how much Iodine we need to be healthy. There's good evidence for the minimum amount to prevent disease, but that may (and for those of you in the medical community, note that I'm saying "may") be lower than the optimum amount.

    Note that doctors will tell you that 150ug is the maximum Iodine you should ever take (more would be toxic!) and yet occasionally use Iodine to enhance contrast in radiological studies, which puts as much as 20 mg in the blood stream. The RDA value is 100x less than used by doctors in some studies studies to treat disease.

    There's also disagreement as to what the minimum daily intake should be.

    We really should be studying these things. Unfortunately, a supplement that anyone could buy which will clear a patient's symptoms is incompatible with an expensive FDA-tested drug that requires office visits to administer. The medical community won't make money on supplements, so they aren't studied very well. There's enormous economic pressure against research into health (as opposed to research into disease).

    1. Re:Some observations about Iodine by cold+fjord · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Did you see the goiter rate charts in the article? I found them astonishing.

      I was also surprised by the low rates in Oklahoma and New Mexico. I wonder if that is because they were getting their salt from Texas? Texas did have a very low rate.

      --
      much of left-wing thought is a kind of playing with fire by people who don't even know that fire is hot - George Orwell
  8. Re:Good idea by Black+Parrot · · Score: 4, Informative

    They tied themselves up in knots with conspiracy theories and bollox like that. Perhaps the answer is to cut out some of that Iodine.

    That's what the lizard men want you to think.

    --
    Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
  9. Unfortunately... by msauve · · Score: 5, Funny

    It's been offset by the introduction of fluoride in the water supply, which is simply Communist infiltration, Communist indoctrination, Communist subversion and an international Communist conspiracy to sap and impurify all of our precious bodily fluids. Hence, Dancing with the Stars.

    --
    "National Security is the chief cause of national insecurity." - Celine's First Law
  10. Re:derp.... by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 4, Interesting

    It's also interesting that IQ scores tend to be spread that way as well.

    IQ scores tend to be correlated with a history of urbanization and economic specialization. In a primitive society, innovation and original thinking are unlikely to lead to any benefit, and might lead to a disaster such as a crop failure or empty snares. But in an urbanized society with specialized jobs, successful ideas can be leveraged for disproportionate benefit. East Asia had large urban populations long before the West. In Europe, Jews were urbanized during the middle ages when almost everyone else was a rural serf. East Asians have average IQ scores about 5 points higher than Europeans, and Ashkenazi Jews are higher still.

  11. Re:Hey, an iodized salt thread by physicsphairy · · Score: 4, Funny

    For movie watching a high IQ only gets in the way.