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Wireless Charging Start-Up Claims 30-Foot Radius

Lucas123 writes "At Disrupt this week, Ossia Inc. demonstrated for the first time its wireless charging technology that founder Hatem Zeine said has a 30-foot radius and, like WiFi, can charge through walls and 'around corners.' The technology, still in prototype phase, uses the same spectrum as other wireless standards, such as WiFi and Bluetooth. The Cota wireless charging system includes a charger and a receiver — either a dongle device or chip-tech integrated into a product, such as a smartphone or battery. While it has yet to be miniaturized, Zeine said the wireless technology will eventually be small enough to fit into a AAA battery or any portable electronic device. While the technology has wider industrial implications, as a consumer product, a charging unit will likely sell for around $100, he said."

44 of 242 comments (clear)

  1. Holy EMF Batman? by H0p313ss · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Is it just me or does this seem like a really bad idea?

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    1. Re:Holy EMF Batman? by Dzimas · · Score: 5, Funny

      I dunno, but the fillings in my mouth are tingling.

    2. Re:Holy EMF Batman? by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 2

      I think this is the best idea I've seen since I've invented the death ray! I'm all pumped up about it!

      Sincerely yours, Nikola Tesla

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    3. Re:Holy EMF Batman? by CanHasDIY · · Score: 4, Informative

      I think this is the best idea I've seen since I invented it almost 100 years ago!

      Sincerely yours, Nikola Tesla

      FTFY.

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      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    4. Re:Holy EMF Batman? by CanHasDIY · · Score: 2

      "Almost" == "more than"

      Probably should have double checked that before hitting Post.

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    5. Re:Holy EMF Batman? by M0HCN · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Well many homes already posess a 2.4GHz ISM band field generator, a few minor modification to the door interlock any you have just saved yourself $100.....

      The trouble with shrinking this sort of thing is that it moves you from a near field situation, where coupling is largely magnetic, to a far field one where coupling is electromagnetic (Yes I know they both are really electromagnetic, bear with me), and that raises interesting questions of physics, and also of local power density close to the transmitter.

      Now, there is also the health physics questions which for a non ionising EM field at 2.4Ghz come down to considering thermal effects. At 2.4Ghz this largely comes down to thermal effects in the skin and other surface layers (2.4GHz is used in microwave ovens for a reason, water has an absorbtion band there), the surface layer that **REALLY** matters in this is the eye! A few watts per square metre power flux density is probably not too much of a problem, much more might be.

      I smell a startup about to try for some more funding!

      73 M0HCN.

    6. Re:Holy EMF Batman? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      The patent is here. FWIW the frequency seems to be 5.8 GHZ but havent read the rest of it (posting AC to not lose mods)

    7. Re:Holy EMF Batman? by H0p313ss · · Score: 3, Funny

      There was a joke? ... aren't jokes supposed to be funny?

      Not since the advent of the internet.

      --
      XML is a known as a key material required to create SMD: Software of Mass Destruction
    8. Re:Holy EMF Batman? by ronmon · · Score: 2

      replying to negate a mis-click mod

      Sorry

    9. Re:Holy EMF Batman? by manu0601 · · Score: 2

      Now, there is also the health physics questions which for a non ionising EM field at 2.4Ghz come down to considering thermal effects. At 2.4Ghz this largely comes down to thermal effects in the skin and other surface layers (2.4GHz is used in microwave ovens for a reason, water has an absorbtion band there), the surface layer that **REALLY** matters in this is the eye! A few watts per square metre power flux density is probably not too much of a problem, much more might be.

      What about modulated signals? We have hints of them when a mobile phone gets a call while being close to a speaker, but there may be unheard frequencies

    10. Re:Holy EMF Batman? by ctrl-alt-canc · · Score: 2

      > I smell a startup about to try for some more funding!

      I rather smell some pretty bad science in your post.

      Near field component of an RF field can be either magnetic or electric: it depends from the source type (electric dipole vs. current loop) and its polarization. IIRC some useful discussion on the topic can be found here. The near field becomes negligible with respect to the propagating wavefield at a distance of a few wavelengths: if indeed they use 2.4 GHz for their device, either it isn't a near field device, or it does not work at 2.4 GHz.(I will resist to the temptation of posting my thoughts about the security of NFC technology here...)

      I don't know where you found that water has a 2.4 GHz absorption band (Wikipedia ? ham radio literature ?!? I am curious...). To my knowledge water in the liquid state has a somehow broad absorption resonance at around 15 - 20 GHz. By the way, if water should resonate at 2.4 GHz, microwave ovens would burn meat on the surface, leaving the rest cooked rare! As a reference look at this paper: RF attenuation is easily estimated from real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant.

      Flesh is a lossy dielectric body, and cannot be approximated with a poorly conducting metal surface, as you do when you write "this largely comes down to thermal effects in the skin and other surface layers". RF absorption inside the human body cannot be neglected, except maybe in the spectrum window between far infrared and UV-B regions.

      51 (no more a radio amateur, since when I wanted to become a physicist...).

  2. Safety? by NoKaOi · · Score: 3, Insightful

    If you're blasting ~2.4ghz RF from one place to another, what happens when something absorptive gets in the way? If it can charge a smart phone, is it enough energy to burn you if you get in the way, or start a fire if it happens to be going through a nail in your wall?

    1. Re:Safety? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      Incorrect... If nothing absorbed it, you couldn't receive 5.8GHz Wifi signal. Conductors with a similar length to the wavelength or half wavelength will absorb it, that's how receiving antennas work, they usually either match the wavelength, half wavelength or quarter wavelength. The wavelength of an EM wave at 5.8GHz is around 5cm. If you have anything conductive with a length of around 1.2cm to 5cm, it will absorb power from a 5.8GHz signal.

  3. So much for your noise floor by jandrese · · Score: 4, Insightful

    How in the world are they going to push out significant amounts of power on bands with extremely strict transmission limits? It's going to take you all year to charge a AA battery from a 4000mW omnidirectional transmitter that's 10 meters away. Not to mention utterly destroying wifi and bluetooth signals for several hundred feet.

    --

    I read the internet for the articles.
    1. Re:So much for your noise floor by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      No, you were right the first time. 1 watt into 6db antenna = 36dbm = 4 watts erp. PtP systems can go higher with a 1db drop in power for each 3db increase in antenna gain. Still tis seems screwy. Enough power to charge a Li-Ion battery at more than 10 feet distance in less than a week would be of major health concern. Like disabling the lockouts and running your microwave oven with the door open.

    2. Re:So much for your noise floor by AK+Marc · · Score: 2

      With MIMO, you can have omniidirectional point to point links. The equipment manufacturers bend the rules as they see fit, and the FCC doesn't care.

  4. scary by dmitrygr · · Score: 4, Insightful

    without beamforming - inverse square law says no
    with beamforming, one must remember that beamforming cannot focus in just one place, smaller but still constructive maxima will exist elsewhere. what wants 1/3 of a watt focused on their gonads accidentally?

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  5. Wifi allergics are going to freak out by Russ1642 · · Score: 3, Funny

    The tinfoil hat crowd is going to go ballistic when this technology becomes ubiquitous. I can't wait. I'm already thinking of witty one-liners.

    1. Re:Wifi allergics are going to freak out by WillgasM · · Score: 5, Funny

      To be fair, their headgear might actually exacerbate the issue.

  6. Potential Snake Oil by The+RoboNerd · · Score: 5, Informative

    He attached a cube to an iphone, held it in the air, and it started charging. We have to go by faith that there are no batteries in the cube. Sorry but this sounds like snake oil.

    1. Re:Potential Snake Oil by dainichi · · Score: 2

      Remember, the key to a good perpetual motion machine is figuring out where/how to hide the batteries.

      --
      "Oooh. I hate it when a paradigm shifts without a clutch"
  7. I say "nay" by WillgasM · · Score: 2

    "It's like your Wi-Fi signal. If you can get a Wi-Fi signal, you'll be able to get power."

    Yes, but now we can't get Wi-Fi signal.
    Also, how often is the "beacon" signal refreshed? Do I need to stand perfectly still while my device is recharging? Why is my skin peeling?

  8. Ahead of the curve by TheJackOfFate · · Score: 2

    My friend's father is part of the team that developed this. It's safe (according to him).

  9. Waldo by rossdee · · Score: 2

    Remember the story "Waldo" by Heinlein

    I don't think wireless power is a good idea.

    Speaking of Waldo (and Magic, Inc) , Baen will be publishing it in ebook form April 2014. Buy it by March 15th to get it at the bundle price, also in the april bungle is Cauldron of Ghosts by David Weber and Eric Flint and Upon a Sea of Stars by A. Bertram Chandler

    1. Re:Waldo by mattack2 · · Score: 2

      Remember the story "Waldo" by Heinlein

      No. Where is he?

  10. Re:Very Bad by sjames · · Score: 3, Funny

    Let's just say I wouldn't wear a red shirt around this thing...

  11. Re:Supercharging the cells with ions ! by MightyYar · · Score: 3, Interesting

    there are evidences of plants under WIFI frequency bombardments having retarded growth

    Links or it didn't happen.

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  12. The actual tech by AdamHaun · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I dug up what looks to be the main patent for the technology from 2008:

    The microwave energy is focused onto a device to be charged by a power transmitter having one or more adaptively-phased microwave array emitters. Rectennas within the device to be charged receive and rectify the microwave energy and use it for battery charging and/or for primary power. A communications channel is opened between the wireless power source and the device to be charged. The device to be charged reports to the power source via the channel a received beam signal strength at the rectennas. This information is used by the system to adjust the transmitting phases of the microwave array emitters until a maximum microwave energy is reported by the device to be charged. Backscatter is minimized by physically configuring the microwave array emitters in a substantially non-uniform, non-coplanar manner.

    I don't know enough about antennas and E&M to evaluate that. Any help here? According to the articles it gets ~10% efficiency at 10 feet and receives (?) 1 watt at 30 feet.

    On to the possible crank warning signs:
    * According to his LinkedIn profile, he's spent his whole career being a CEO and/or (later) doing software testing at Microsoft.
    * He's identified as a physicist, but all he has to show for it is a bachelor's in physics from the University of Manchester (where he also "studied ... computational linguistics"). No graduate degree or research career.
    * Twenty years after he gets his degree, having done nothing but software, he's suddenly producing miraculous hardware based on cutting-edge physics?
    * Charger is hidden behind a curtain during a demo.
    * Charger is six feet tall, but they're going to consumerize it to the size of a desktop PC in two years, when it will cost ~$100.
    * Replacing all their off-the-shelf hardware with custom-built optimized hardware? No problem!
    * Current fridge-sized charger has 200 transmitters, but when consumerized will have "20,000 transmitters in an 18-inch cube".
    * The only public demo makes an iPhone declare itself to be charging. No electrical test equipment or data shown. No real evidence that it does anything.
    * Claims the power goes through walls just like Wi-Fi, even though Wi-Fi signal strength can drop by orders of magnitude when it goes through walls.
    * Charger only gets 10% efficiency from 10 feet away in open air, but this is never mentioned as an obstacle. Come to think of it, no technical obstacles are mentioned at all.
    * This:

    “In wave theory and electromagnetic systems, you don’t get linearities everywhere,” he added, describing the science behind Cota. “There are situations where double could mean for more, like double could mean square, or 3 plus 3 apples could result in a net total of 9 apples, so to speak. When you move from the linear version to the power version, things happen that were quite surprising.”

    I don't know, maybe I'm being too hard on the guy. Maybe he's been doing physics and electronics as hobbies all this time, actually did come up with a workable idea, and used his management experience to drive the development of a real product. Maybe they really will have a commercialized version ready in a couple months and I'll have to eat crow. I just can't help but feel skeptical of people who announce their world-changing new product before it actually is a product.

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  13. Re:The "2.4 GHz resonance frequency" thing is a my by erice · · Score: 3, Informative

    It may not be technically the resonant frequency of water, but there is something special about it:

    The 2.45 GHz is a kind of useful average frequency. If the frequency was much higher then the waves would penetrate less well, lower frequencies would penetrate better but are absorbed only weakly and so once again the food would not absorb enough energy to cook well.

    My understanding is that the 2.4Ghz band was assigned for unlicensed use because it was already cluttered with things like microwave ovens and was, therefore, undesirable for licensed use.

  14. Links ! by Taco+Cowboy · · Score: 3, Interesting

    there are evidences of plants under WIFI frequency bombardments having retarded growth

    Links or it didn't happen

    Links, with pictures

    http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/technology/2013/05/can-wifi-signals-stunt-plant-growth/

    http://www.mnn.com/health/healthy-spaces/blogs/student-science-experiment-finds-plants-wont-grow-near-wi-fi-router

    Now, satisfied ?

    --
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    1. Re:Links ! by LordLimecat · · Score: 4, Insightful

      No, because the sun bombards us with far more of that crap than a 30mW router will.

      Heres a nice summary

      Im not sure why radio isnt listed, but infrared, visible, and ultraviolet are all more energetic and "damaging" than radio waves.

      The total amount of energy received at ground level from the sun at the zenith is 1004 watts per square meter, which is composed of 527 watts of infrared radiation, 445 watts of visible light, and 32 watts of ultraviolet radiation.

      So a few watts of power floating around your home is probably not that much to worry about.

      Also, those two links you provided are both from primary school students--not even highschoolers-- so Im gonna say its probably not on the same level as the existing evidence against WiFi causing harm.

    2. Re:Links ! by Ferzerp · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Not really. That was an *extremely* poorly controlled experiment by grade school students. Magically, no one else has produced similar results in an actual controlled study.

      If your *only* evidence is a single experiment performed by individuals with barely rudimentary training in the sciences, you might want to consider that it is your bias causing you to readily accept the outlier as opposed to the norm.

    3. Re:Links ! by Dereck1701 · · Score: 2

      "Magically, no one else has produced similar results in an actual controlled study."

      I don't know about you but I can't seem to find ANY studies besides the one done by the 9th graders on the effects of wifi on low order plants. There are a few on higher order plants (trees (maybe), corn, etc) with contradictory results, but nothing on more sensitive plant species (lichens, herb plants, etc). I might get a couple Chia Pets and try this out myself some time. The hard part as you suggest would be exactly replicating the conditions for both plants (sun, water, humidity). Just because something is done by 9th graders doesn't necessarily mean its flawed, and just because a study is done by "experts" doesn't mean its accurate. How many studies done by PHD's have been debunked less than 3 years later? I've lost count.

    4. Re:Links ! by Captain+Segfault · · Score: 2

      Just because something is done by 9th graders doesn't necessarily mean its flawed

      The study isn't flawed because it was done by 9th graders. The study is flawed because it didn't control for a bunch of obvious things which would explain their result.

    5. Re:Links ! by mcgrew · · Score: 2

      From your link:

      âoe[Johanssen] will probably be repeating the experiment in controlled, professional, scientific environments,â said Horsevad. âoeOne would therefore generally be advised to await the results of his experiments before basing any important decisions on the outcome of the girlsâ(TM) experiment.â

    6. Re:Links ! by amorsen · · Score: 2

      The Danish experiment was the subject of extended debate on the Danish Engineer's Weekly newspaper (Ingeniøren). Many readers attempted to replicate the experiment, but success was extremely limited. Even the school itself did the exact same experiment again with the opposite result:

      "Faktisk kan man her til aften måle at karsen er højst netop lige ud for routeren. I fredags kunne vi se at karsen længst fra routeren var lidt grønnere - end tæt på routeren. Men her til aften vokser den helt jævnt over hele linjen."

      "Actually it is possible this evening to measure that the cress is tallest precisely right next to the router. Last Friday we were able to see that the cress furthest away from the router was slightly greener - than close to the router. But tonight it grows evenly along the whole length."

      You can look for yourself here: Cress seeds germinate excellently despite mobile device radiation which also has links to the other articles, including the first article which started the debate.

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    7. Re:Links ! by AmiMoJo · · Score: 2

      We have some little GPS modules that work fine in bright sunlight but not when there is an RF source putting out 1mW waves in the sub-1GHz band. Just because something isn't harmed by terahertz range EM doesn't mean that other frequencies won't cause it problems.

      I'm not saying those kids were right, merely that different frequency waves at different power levels have dramatically different effects.

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    8. Re:Links ! by MightyYar · · Score: 2

      Those kids didn't prove the sciences wrong, they investigated and called out the marketing department.

      Look, I'm sure that somewhere a 14-year-old is capable of running a tightly controlled scientific experiment rigorous enough for a peer-reviewed journal. But the WiFi study doesn't look like it. They grew seeds on a sponge in the open air, and seem to only have only one control and one variable.

      --
      W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
    9. Re:Links ! by LordLimecat · · Score: 2

      In order of energy:
      Radio Infrared visible UV
      Sunlight consists of ~500 W /m2 infrared, 470 W /m2 visible, and ~30 W /m2. The UV is doing damage to you. The infrared is not. Radio is even less energetic than that, so one might reason that (absent some hitherto undetected mechanism that has never been hypothesized) it would require a good deal more than 500 W /m2 of radio waves to cause any noticeable effects.

  15. Weellllllll by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 2
    From TFA

    "Cota is inherently safe, as safe as your Wi-Fi hub," Zeine said. "A Cota-enabled device sends out a beacon signal that finds paths to the charger, which in turn returns the power signal through only those open paths back to the receiver, avoiding people or anything that absorbs its energy."

    If I'm reading that at all correctly, this is using beamformed RF, especially since it must work in the Far field. Not much near field in this frequency range. And getting a watt of charging power in the far field needs beamforming or what the boys down at the shop call "A shitload of power."

    So this device on your phone apparently"asks" for power. Then the main station sends it to the device. The miracle part is that the formed beam supposedly misses people, goes around corners, and performs other really sexy heretofore unknown RF majick.

    Umm, how is this RF power going to "miss you" if you are using the phone?

    Also, if you are using it and moving around the house, is it going to continuously follow you?

    What if you have multiple devices in different parts of the house?

    What if you are 31 feet away?

    What if you leave the house? Going to have two different charging systems?

    So much better to use a near field induction system if you really really have to have cordless charging. At least you'll remember where you put the phone.

    --
    The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
  16. Re:Supercharging the cells with ions ! by edman007 · · Score: 2

    The modern near field charges basically prove this wrong. You don't need to radiate that much power to get your battery to absorb 1W. You can get the radiator to absorb the energy it radiated if nothing else absorbed it, meaning the field strength can far exceed the input power. In the end your device is better modeled as an air core transformer, the primary's input power is dependent on the secondary's output, if nothing is connected the transformer consumes negligible power.
    With that said, trying to make that work at 30 feet is hard, and I tend to think that the frequencies required will mean that you will get serious EMI like issues when your system designed to transfer 1W into a AA accidently transfers 10W into the AC power lines, or it transfers 1W into the poorly shielded HDMI cable on your TV, etc.

  17. Re:Supercharging the cells with ions ! by __aaltlg1547 · · Score: 2

    10 meters is not near field at 5.8 GHz. That's the essence of why this won't work efficiently and as you say, it exposes all kinds of other things to high intensity radiation, which would cause myriad problems. This technology won't work, will probably never even be approved by the FCC (or any other country's regulatory agency) and anybody who invests in it is a fool.

  18. Re:Supercharging the cells with ions ! by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 3, Informative

    What kind of super-ionization will it do to our body cells ?

    None, because photons with energy on the order of 1-10 ueV don't ionize anything.

    --
    Ezekiel 23:20
  19. Re:No thanks, I will just use the neighbors by TheLink · · Score: 2

    Stealing power is one problem, another is if a hacker can get all the chargers in an area to sum to 100W or more at a target ;).

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