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To Reduce the Health Risk of Barbecuing Meat, Just Add Beer

PolygamousRanchKid (1290638) writes "Grilling meat gives it great flavour. This taste, though, comes at a price, since the process creates molecules called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which damage DNA and thus increase the eater's chances of developing colon cancer. But a group of researchers led by Isabel Ferreira of the University of Porto, in Portugal, think they have found a way around the problem. When barbecuing meat, they suggest, you should add beer. The PAHs created by grilling form from molecules called free radicals which, in turn, form from fat and protein in the intense heat of this type of cooking. One way of stopping PAH-formation, then, might be to apply chemicals called antioxidants that mop up free radicals. And beer is rich in these, in the shape of melanoidins, which form when barley is roasted." (The paper on which this report is based, sadly paywalled.)

33 of 179 comments (clear)

  1. Marinade, add beer to the marinade by damn_registrars · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Whoever posted this summary really should have added that. There are other places where one might consider adding beer that would be less effective. You don't have to get past the paywall to find that.

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    1. Re:Marinade, add beer to the marinade by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      Give him a break. Someone had to finish the keg after making the marinade.

    2. Re:Marinade, add beer to the marinade by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2

      This so much. I'm not even much of a beer lover to be honest, but it makes a great marinade for meats, especially beef. (colas as well, oddly enough. )
      Just as long as it isn't too much, that is. Even too much of antioxidants are bad. Oxidation is an important part in the immune system as well.

      And it isn't even that that is the problem. The larger problem is production of carcinogenic material from burning overall.
      Pre-cooking food at low heat for a period before slapping it on the grill can cut down the time needed to cook it as well as limit how much burnt material is produced.
      If you are out and about while doing said grilling, putting the meat inside foil first works for the low-temperature pre-cooking, or even putting it in a plastic bag and putting it in boiling water. (good with potatoes as well)
      Plus, doing it this way produces some real tasty food too.

    3. Re:Marinade, add beer to the marinade by pla · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Pre-cooking food at low heat for a period before slapping it on the grill can cut down the time needed to cook it as well as limit how much burnt material is produced.

      Except, by doing that, you've ruined the whole reason we barbecue things - Because we want that thin outer layer of charring.

      Yes, we have plenty of ways to cook foods without forming PAH, acrylamide, or the other carcinogens-of-the-week. We could boil everything. We could microwave everything. We could bake everything on low heat while basting to keep the surface moist. Those will all pretty much prevent the formation of all the nasty chemicals we worry about in our barbecued foods. They all take less effort than barbecuing, too - A typical cookout basically requires someone manning the grill continuously to cook up a steady flow of burgers and hotdogs; vs throwing 10 lbs of dogs in a big boiling pot and having enough cooked to feed a small army in under ten minutes.

      We grill things over open flame because all those nasty carcinogens make it taste better. Simple as that.

    4. Re:Marinade, add beer to the marinade by HornWumpus · · Score: 4, Funny

      Boiling food. aka English BBQ.

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      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    5. Re:Marinade, add beer to the marinade by AthanasiusKircher · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Pre-cooking food at low heat for a period before slapping it on the grill can cut down the time needed to cook it as well as limit how much burnt material is produced.

      Except, by doing that, you've ruined the whole reason we barbecue things - Because we want that thin outer layer of charring.

      No, you don't. Not actual charring. Are you the kind of guy who likes his hot dog completely covered with a crust of black ash? I know a few people like that, but if so, you guys are in the minority. Most people want a well-browned piece of meat, which is mostly produced through flavorful byproducts of the Maillard reaction and caramelization. If your food is actually charred, you've gone beyond that and destroyed those flavorful compounds, instead producing bitter compounds with a bad texture.

      Yes, we have plenty of ways to cook foods without forming PAH, acrylamide, or the other carcinogens-of-the-week.

      Yeah, by not burning your food. The GP's advice is spot-on to produce the absolute ideal of "grilled food" for the vast majority of people. If you want the tastiest, juciest steak you've ever had in your life, I dare you to take his advice. Put it in an extremely low oven (well below 200F, 150F or below is ideal) until the interior temp rises to somewhere around 100F or a little above. (With an oven temp of 130-150F, this could take a few hours for a thick piece of meat.)

      Then throw it on your hot grill until you get a beautiful browned flavorful exterior. Don't let it burn -- cooking time will probably only be 1/4 or so of what you'd usually need. Let it rest for a few minutes, and eat a steak like you've never tasted before.

      No need to BURN your food just to get the interior up to temperature. Get the whole piece of meat warmish to begin with, and then use the grill to BROWN your food and maximize flavor compounds. I know this is an extra step and takes longer than simply cooking at high heat, but the result is actually better tasting food, in addition to fewer carcinogens.

      We grill things over open flame because all those nasty carcinogens make it taste better. Simple as that.

      No, they don't. They tend to form at the greatest rate when you're overcooking the outer layer and destroying flavor compounds. GP's advice is just an extension of the "let your steak come to room temperature before grilling" advice, which most grilling afficionados will agree is helpful to get a more evenly done piece of meat with less fuss and less chance of overcooking or burning.

      I'm NOT saying that you can't cook reasonably good food on the grill without doing what GP recommends -- but I AM saying that taking his advice (and doing a little extra work) is a way to maximize the exact grill flavors that most people prize, while also avoiding burnt layers of food that taste like sawdust.

      (If you don't believe me, you should know that these are precisely the kinds of methods that many high-end steakhouses use -- with only a short grill time, but a longer time in the oven either before or after grilling to bring the interior up to temperature.)

    6. Re:Marinade, add beer to the marinade by AthanasiusKircher · · Score: 2

      By the way, I should mention that many restaurants -- and home cooks too -- have switched to sous vide methods instead of using an oven, since it is faster and more precise. But the principle is precisely the same: very small time on the grill, longer time getting the interior up to temperature.

  2. Stupid by WilyCoder · · Score: 4, Informative

    What a stupid article. Beer is hardly the best source of antioxidants. Blueberries would be a far better choice.

    "Eat antioxidants to prevent cancer" ....well thank you captain obvious, we have known this for many years!

    1. Re:Stupid by dreamchaser · · Score: 5, Insightful

      What a stupid article. Beer is hardly the best source of antioxidants. Blueberries would be a far better choice.

      "Eat antioxidants to prevent cancer" ....well thank you captain obvious, we have known this for many years!

      Except beer makes an excellent marinade for meats and can be incorporated into BBQ sauce as well.

    2. Re:Stupid by Shinobi · · Score: 4, Informative

      However, recent discoveries point out that it's not as clearcut as that. In fact, antioxidants can also increase the chance of cancer developing or even increasing cancer growth, by preventing formation of ROS, which disrupts signalling.

      Antioxidants have already been linked to cancelling out the effects of excercise for the same reason, the antioxidants suppressing the ROS, which screws up the signalling.

    3. Re:Stupid by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 5, Insightful

      "Eat antioxidants to prevent cancer" ....well thank you captain obvious, we have known this for many years!

      Except we do not "know" that. The link between anti-oxidants and cancer is not clear. Eating fruits and vegetables (high in anti-oxidants) is correlated with lower cancer rates. But if the anti-oxidants are isolated and taken as supplements, they are NOT correlated with cancer reduction, and in some cases make it worse. So maybe it is something else in the fruits and vegetables that is beneficial. Exercise is also correlated with cancer reduction, and exercise causes an increase in the supposedly harmful free radicals that anti-oxidants suppress. The interplay of these factors is complicated and poorly understood. So it is not at all clear that anti-oxidants "prevent cancer".

    4. Re:Stupid by ChunderDownunder · · Score: 2

      Kunstmann from Valdivia, Chile do a tasty blueberry beer.

    5. Re:Stupid by Shinobi · · Score: 2

      Oops, that was supposed to be "NOT uncommon"

    6. Re:Stupid by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

      The bacteria in your colon are what is triggering or preventing the triggering of many cancers. That is the main reason why eating fruit is NOT the same as drinking juice or supplements. The bacteria in your colon form an extremely complex web of interaction with your body. Healthy gut bacteria protect you from all sorts of food borne illnesses, like salmonella and even colon cancer. Never mind c. diff. and recent links to autism when population is disrupted or altered via oral antibiotics.

      colon cancer,
      http://www.sciencedaily.com/re...

      salmonella,
      http://www.sciencedaily.com/re...

      autism,
      http://www.abc.net.au/4corners...

      It's not just a "sack of shit". It's the most important part of you and there is no "pill for it".

    7. Re:Stupid by drainbramage · · Score: 2

      I think he was referring to the Robot Operating System.

      --
      No brain, no pain.
  3. From what to what? by Maury+Markowitz · · Score: 2, Insightful

    "polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which damage DNA and thus increase the eater's chances of developing colon cancer"

    Pretty rare to start with, so I suspect it's from "one in a million" to "1.5 in a million".

    We have actual things to worry about, grilling isn't one of them.

    1. Re:From what to what? by khallow · · Score: 3, Funny

      And perhaps you shouldn't be grilling your colon on the barbeque anyway for other reasons than PAH exposure.

    2. Re:From what to what? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Colon cancer is the second or third most common cancer in the world (depending if you are talking about women or men), and tends to be even higher in modern, western countries with a ~60% 5 year survival rate. While you see what looks like low probabilities of ~50 per 100,000 diagnosed per year in the US, this works out to about a couple percent chance any given person will be diagnosed with colon cancer at some point in their life. That isn't anywhere near a one in a million chance and colon cancer is actually one of the "things to worry about."

  4. Fad theories of health nuts by rubycodez · · Score: 3, Interesting

    plenty of hard clinical studies showing no link whatsoever between free radicals and cancer (or other claimed bad effects like aging).

    the 1970s called, they want their junk science back.

  5. Re:Bunk! by MightyYar · · Score: 2

    I agree - DDT is just awful unless sweetened with a little saccharin.

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  6. Re:Can I just drink it? by jez9999 · · Score: 2

    No, but you can pump it up your colon with a garden hose...

  7. Re:Confusion by magusxxx · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Must be a northerner.

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  8. Re:Fuck this by MightyYar · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Don't use the good beer. Use the Miller Light that's been sitting in your fridge since someone brought it over months ago.

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    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  9. Re:Bunk! by Mr+Foobar · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Oh no! We're all gonna die if we eat BBQ'd meat.
    As with anything like this, the worry warts will probably buy into it.
    Remember when they said: Saccharin, DDT, and the zillion of other things that are suppose to be bad for you?

    My mother grew up in the deep back woods of east Texas during the 30's. A very big part of her diet growing up was various forms of smoked, dried, and grilled meat. A *lot* of such meat, often that was about all her diet was in a day, either by itself or was the main flavoring component. Many members of her family, both close and extended including herself and both her parents developed and died from colon and intestinal cancers. Her younger brother is suffering from it now. Many of the people who lived around her did, too. The thing is, once her family got out of that situation (improved economy, moving to the big city, etc) and ate a much more varied diet that didn't depend on smoked meat, the amount of familial colon and intestinal cancer has dropped down to almost nothing. That's good news for me and my siblings, of course. Dying from colon cancer is not my favored way of death, to be honest. It was a rough way to see my mom go.

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    -> I dislike sigs...
  10. Re:What if you don't like beer? by ganjadude · · Score: 4, Insightful

    cooking with beer is not the same as drinking it, you should be just fine. My brother hates beer but loves when I make chilli because I use a good stout in it

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  11. As far as colon cancer is concerned by istartedi · · Score: 4, Insightful

    As far as colon cancer is concerned, there is a lot of common sense here. I doubt a tiny little factor like anti-oxidants on your beef is going to make much difference if you're an overweight smoker in your 50s. Having beer around might encourage you to drink heavily, which is listed there as increasing risk. So. If you already like beer marinade then great. If you don't, then there's virtually no reason to use a recipe you don't like. Concentrate on the elephant in the room before addressing the mouse.

    --
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    1. Re:As far as colon cancer is concerned by Neil_Brown · · Score: 5, Funny

      Concentrate on the elephant in the room

      That would need one heck of a lot of marinade...

  12. I'm sceptical by drumlight · · Score: 2

    I thought all experiments should have a control group, but BBQ without beer... Has that ever been tried before? Can than be credited with two discoveries?

  13. Re:Confusing article by squiggleslash · · Score: 2

    Well, they are and they aren't. The terms are used in different countries to mean different things, but the activity known as "grilling" in the US is known as "barbecuing" in the UK (and I believe Australia.)

    I suspect the article is written using an English dialect that uses the definition that applies to US-grilling/English-barbecuing. Not unreasonable, the world is a large place and it's not like Americans invented the English language. Why do we speak that fur'in Eurospeak anyway? Surely we should speak AMERICAN!! Hell yeah (etc)

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  14. Re:Bunk! by belmolis · · Score: 3, Informative

    According to my physician father, the first proven case of an environmental cause for cancer was that of smoked meat and fish in Iceland causing colon cancer. This is a long established relationship, not a recent fad.

  15. Keep away from my grill by jfanning · · Score: 4, Informative

    By cooking over a low heat first you ensure that the meat is cooked evenly throughout, and then you sear the outside over a very hot grill. Otherwise you end up with raw inside and black outside. By searing last you get the flavour and evenly cooked meat.

  16. Re:chocolate by HornWumpus · · Score: 2

    4lbs+ blackberries (got a blackberry bush so not sure of weight, a good sized bowl), simmer with a little sugar till broken down, stain out the seeds. Set aside.

    Grill your peppers (your call on heat, 2 bells and an equal weight of hot ones), garlic and 2 medium yellow onions until they are just soft. Onions will take longer (Peel them first so the smoke flavored parts are usable). Peel and seed (your call on heat) peppers. Set aside.

    Fry 6 strips of bacon, then fry chopped smoked onions, peppers and garlic in bacon grease. Transfer to deeper pot. Liquify with sick blender. Add blackberries, fine chopped bacon, black pepper and salt. Bring to simmer. (optional: add dry chili powder and liquid) Add baking chocolate (2 or 3 squares, to taste), a good shot of Grand Marnier (Splet good, wouldn't want the euroweenies not to have anything to criticize) and sugar/honey/molasses to taste. Stir till melted.

    Caramelize on ribs, careful it doesn't burn.

    Good with cherries instead of black berries. Peaches don't work.

    --
    John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
  17. Re:Bunk! by Mr+Foobar · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Correlation does not equal causation. Repeat this until you understand it. Darwin weeps to see science misused in this way - although as a Texan, you dumbasses have never understood science anyway.

    Thanks, troll. I didn't make the correlation, a good number of oncologists have. They and their associates have seen a lot of it over the years. Diets heavy in smoked and grilled meat do have a correlation with increased chances of colon and intestinal cancers, especially if those diets start early in life.

    And I never said *I* was a Texan, thanks for asking. Proud native Floridian. Some might suggest that's not any better, but hey... :)

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