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How Amazon Keeps Cutting AWS Prices: Cheapskate Culture

An anonymous reader writes "Amazon Web Services has cut its prices on 40-plus consecutive occasions, at times leading the charge, at other times countering similar moves by Microsoft and Google. This article at CRN includes some interesting behind-the-scenes trivia about how Amazon keeps costs down, including some interesting speculation — for example, that perhaps the reason Amazon's Glacier storage is so cheap is that maybe it might be based at least partly on tape, not disk (Amazon would not comment). The article also explains that the company will only pay for its employees to fly Economy, and that includes its senior executives. If they feel the need to upgrade to Business or First Class, they must do so from their own pocket. And instead of buying hardware from an OEM vendor, AWS sources its own components – everything from processors to disk drives to memory and network cards — and uses contract manufacturing to put together its machines."

40 of 146 comments (clear)

  1. Business class is a misnomer by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    Unless you work in finance, oil/gas or certain luxury markets and have money to burn you're flying economy no matter what industry you're in. It's not being cheap, it's being smart. You're stil going to get to the same place at the same time as the other passengers.

    1. Re:Business class is a misnomer by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

      Some people do not enjoy travel and upgrading them is one way to encourage them to do it more often.

    2. Re:Business class is a misnomer by wienerschnizzel · · Score: 5, Insightful

      You're stil going to get to the same place at the same time as the other passengers.

      Not in the same shape though.

      It might not impact you much if you are going to one conference, but if you fly to multiple destinations within a week, it will build up. Your back/joint pain, stress level, lack of sleep will show. It might mean that you will save 5k on the boarding passes of your exec but then pay millions for the bad decision she makes.

    3. Re:Business class is a misnomer by cryptizard · · Score: 2

      Yeah I was kind of thrown off by them using the loaded term cheapskate. I would call that efficiency or austerity. Everyone was complaining that they were assholes when companies were flying around in private jets while at the same time laying off employees. Now we complain that they are cheap if they make their employees fly in coach with the rest of us proles.

    4. Re:Business class is a misnomer by PPH · · Score: 2

      It's not being cheap, it's being smart.

      I used to fly a lot when I worked for Boeing (commercial, not gov't contract). We had an entire travel department that arranged trips and accomodtions. And they prided themselves on finding the cheapest (crappiest, that is) deals that they could. One time, when I had to fly from Seatle to New York, I just called travel and said, "You find me the flight that meets your cost requirements. I'll upgrade to first class out of my own pocket." They practicaly shit themselves. It wasn't about the cost, it was about the perception of being tight with a dollar. While actualy wasting buckets of money*.

      One time when a group of us had to spend a week in Cincinnati, Boeing travel booked rooms at a flea-bag airport motel which was about 30 miles from the vendor we were working with. I fought that one and found a cheaper (and much nicer) extended stay motel a few miles from the vendor. From that point on, I was on the travel department's shit list.

      *I suspect that certain members of the travel department get some frequent flyer miles in their own accounts for steering business toward certain airlines and hotel chains. And for missing the actual lowest cost deals when planning company trips.

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
    5. Re:Business class is a misnomer by Pembers · · Score: 3, Insightful

      You're stil going to get to the same place at the same time as the other passengers.

      True, but you have a nicer seat with more room, and everything before and after the flight runs faster and smoother. You have your own check-in desk and security line, so you can arrive at the airport an hour later than the economy-class passengers. You have a bigger baggage allowance, so you might not have to put anything in the hold - and if you do, it'll probably come off the plane first. All that can make the difference between a day trip and an overnight stay, or turn a trip of n days into n-1 days.

    6. Re:Business class is a misnomer by DuckDodgers · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Or lose her because she quits to work for a company that has less travel.

  2. Economy Class Only by CohibaVancouver · · Score: 5, Informative

    The requirement of 'no business class' for air travel isn't unique to Amazon. Every tech company I've worked for had the same policy - From the senior execs on down.

    Thankfully, the company I work for now doesn't require red-eye flights. So I can arrive at a destination, sleep overnight in a hotel bed, then wake up the next morning and start working.

    1. Re:Economy Class Only by binarylarry · · Score: 4, Informative

      Little planes can also be scary as fuck.

      --
      Mod me down, my New Earth Global Warmingist friends!
    2. Re:Economy Class Only by bsane · · Score: 4, Informative

      They have (had?) regular flights between their west coast locations, you just show up and take a seat. I don't know that they fly charter flights anywhere else on a regular basis. It also wasn't unique to Intel, HP used to do something very similar.

    3. Re:Economy Class Only by BonThomme · · Score: 4, Insightful

      And I'm sure if you ever actually flew with one our your senior execs, you'd be mystified why you can't find them in the coach section...

    4. Re:Economy Class Only by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I fly those planes regularly to get between Intel sites. The experience is infinitely better than commercial flights.
      1) You go via smaller airports, or a separate terminal. No bilking for parking, stupid busses etc.
      2) Walk in, wave your badge, get on plane. 5 minutes.
      3) It's economy sizes seats, but they have a power socket.
      4) Yes you do sit next to the execs.
      5) You drop your bag on the trolley going out. It's on a trolly on the tarmac when you get out the other end
      6) No one is going to steal expensive things from your bags.
      7) No assigned seating. Get on, find a seat, sit down.
      8) It costs Intel a lot less to fill its own plane than to pay commercial rates.

      The downside is they are popular and so it's hard to get seats at short notice.

    5. Re:Economy Class Only by CohibaVancouver · · Score: 5, Informative

      And I'm sure if you ever actually flew with one our your senior execs, you'd be mystified why you can't find them in the coach section...

      A couple of years ago I flew back from Mobile World Congress (Barcelona) in economy class. An Intel exec was seated next to me and an IBM exec was across the aisle.

  3. I have a different theory by slashmydots · · Score: 2

    Or it's their unbelievable number of screw ups that ended up in downtime making people not respect them.

  4. Fly Economy - tragic! by Overzeetop · · Score: 5, Insightful

    We're supposed to be surprised that everyone is supposed to fly coach?

    And, if you're custom rolling your backend at the scale of AWS, I wouldn't expect anything *but* sourcing yourself. Outsourcing is for organizations that don't have the expertise in house and want a finger to point if things go wrong. Vertical integration is more cost efficient if you have the scale to make it work.

    --
    Is it just my observation, or are there way too many stupid people in the world?
  5. Cheapskate? by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Doesn't 'cheapskate' have a somewhat perjorative connotation, either edging into 'stingy' (if talking about spending on socially normative things) or 'penny wise, pound foolish' (if talking about good sense in short and long term cost/benefit thinking)?

    From what the article decribes, Amazon isn't so much 'cheapskate' as operating perfectly sensibly given their scale, cutting unnecessary (but usually bundled) components, and not giving in to poorly justified; but commonly assumed, habits like sending Important Employees to fly business class.

    I can understand why they would be scaring their competitors pretty seriously; but I'm not sure that I see the 'cheapskate' bit.

    1. Re:Cheapskate? by cusco · · Score: 2

      I've noticed that one thing that they are NOT skimping on is security, either physical or network. No one gets anywhere in any facility worldwide without controls, even Chinese and US government officials. I'm actually quite impressed with their degree of organization and adherence to (generally well thought-out) policies.

      --
      "Think about how stupid the average person is. Now, realise that half of them are dumber than that." - George Carlin
    2. Re:Cheapskate? by DuckDodgers · · Score: 2

      Outrage gets more visitors, which increases ad revenue. So 'frugal' became 'cheapskate' for the sake of a few extra dollars. Welcome to the modern internet, where the people who aren't launching flamewars as fast as they can lose their business to those that do.

  6. AWS is NOT cheap by afidel · · Score: 5, Informative

    AWS is expensive, I can provide the equivalent of an m3.large reserved instance to my users for 1/4th the cost over 3 years, if you ammatorize my infrastructure over 5 years (which is what we've actually been doing) then it's almost 1/7th as much. The only places where AWS makes sense is if you're a quickly growing startup, have a VERY bursty workload, or you're so small that you can't justify 3 hosts for a VMWare Essentials bundle.

    --
    There are 4 boxes to use in the defense of liberty: soap, ballot, jury, ammo. Use in that order. Starting now.
    1. Re:AWS is NOT cheap by the_scoots · · Score: 2

      That's assuming everyone is paying the sticker price. Larger customers can negotiate better rates with Amazon.

    2. Re:AWS is NOT cheap by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Agreed, AWS is defintely not cheap by cloud standards. I recently did some cloud price comparisons and Amazon had, by far, the most expensive offerings. In some cases, where relatively small workloads were involved, services like Azure were half the price of AWS.

    3. Re:AWS is NOT cheap by rebelwarlock · · Score: 5, Funny

      I also provide hosting. Give me money instead.

      Fixed that for you.

    4. Re:AWS is NOT cheap by cryptizard · · Score: 2

      There are a lot of workloads where it makes sense. If you are doing research and you only need to use a lot of computing resources for a few weeks out of the year to run simulations or something, then it is much more economical to go AWS than have a giant cluster sitting idle most of the time.

    5. Re:AWS is NOT cheap by afidel · · Score: 2

      Yes, I've heard of Xen, and I've even run it in production, both Xenserver and Oracle VM flavors, and both sucked horribly. Back when VMWare tried the v.Tax I contemplated switching to KVM using RHEV but Redhat took almost 30 days to even get me access to a RHEV download by which time VMWare had backed off on their pricing.

      As to the crack about redundancy and scalability, I've got a better uptime metric than any cloud provider, zero unplanned downtime in the last 5 years (vmotion + svmotion makes replacing both hosts and storage a breeze) thanks to redundant generators, UPS, chillers, and internet connections.

      --
      There are 4 boxes to use in the defense of liberty: soap, ballot, jury, ammo. Use in that order. Starting now.
    6. Re:AWS is NOT cheap by RabidReindeer · · Score: 2

      Yes, I've heard of Xen, and I've even run it in production, both Xenserver and Oracle VM flavors, and both sucked horribly. Back when VMWare tried the v.Tax I contemplated switching to KVM using RHEV but Redhat took almost 30 days to even get me access to a RHEV download by which time VMWare had backed off on their pricing.

      As to the crack about redundancy and scalability, I've got a better uptime metric than any cloud provider, zero unplanned downtime in the last 5 years (vmotion + svmotion makes replacing both hosts and storage a breeze) thanks to redundant generators, UPS, chillers, and internet connections.

      There was a time when I ran Xen because a paravirtual VM ran MUCH faster than an VMWARE guest OS. Not so true these days and on modern hardware, but back then, the difference was immense.

      Xen has always been reliable for me. The main problem was what it did to networking. And it added injury to insult by zapping the MAC addresses on my NICs on a routine basis.

      Supposedly Xen4 fixes that. They make YOU do all the network setup. Which ordinarily I'd resent, but at least when magic elves aren't meddling around in the configuration, I have a much easier time of it.

      And that goes for NetworkManager, too!

    7. Re:AWS is NOT cheap by cusco · · Score: 2

      I don't doubt that **YOU** can provide the equivalent of x, y and z, but very few SMBs have that talent available. Is it worthwhile for a (for example) physicians' clinic to pay AWS, or cough up the money for staff/contractors to manage their cloud infrastructure? Hard call, and how many doctors can adequately judge whether the people that they're paying are competent?

      --
      "Think about how stupid the average person is. Now, realise that half of them are dumber than that." - George Carlin
  7. Re:I've heard this somewhere before... by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Amazon, in its majestic equality, requires both code monkeys and senior executives to pay for their own upgrades.

    It beats the alternative of providing the upgrades for free to the people who can most easily afford them, in the service of maintaining a good, solid, hierarchy.

  8. Walmart on the web by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    Amazon has always been about low costs. It's why I love them as a customer, but ran the other way after interviewing for a job there. Their offices (at least the ones I saw in a Seattle tower) were dirty and dingy. I'm kind of a neat freak, and don't like that kind of atmosphere at home, so I could not handle the idea of tolerating it every day at work.

    1. Re:Walmart on the web by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 3, Funny

      You do not want to know what I'm doing right now.

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    2. Re:Walmart on the web by cusco · · Score: 2

      Unlike Wally-world, Amazon is not fucking over its employees at every opportunity. Amazon employees make enough that they don't qualify for food stamps, much less need them to survive. Amazon employees have actual benefits. Amazon employees have actual insurance. Amazon doesn't take out 'dead peasant' life insurance policies on its employees either. Even the much-pitied fulfillment center temps are treated better than the best WalMart employee.

      --
      "Think about how stupid the average person is. Now, realise that half of them are dumber than that." - George Carlin
  9. Of course it is tape by cryptizard · · Score: 5, Insightful

    perhaps the reason Amazon's Glacier storage is so cheap is that maybe it might be based at least partly on tape, not disk

    That is one of the stupidest things I have ever read. Of course it is using tape, why else would it take up to 24 hours to get your data when you request it? Everyone knows that is the whole point of Glacier, and the reason they can offer it so cheap. Nobody wants to deal with the hassle of having their own offsite tape library, so Amazon will do it for you with a convenience user interface. That is literally exactly what all of AWS is based on, doing something cheaper for you because they have the expertise and the facilities at scale.

  10. could be blueray by schlachter · · Score: 3, Interesting

    It could also be blueray disk based. Not as likely as tape based, but could be cheaper/faster at scale.

    --
    My God can beat up your God. Just kidding...don't take offense. I know there's no God.
    1. Re:could be blueray by silas_moeckel · · Score: 2

      Nor is it ever cheaper and it's rarely faster. A LTO 6 tape is 2.5 TB uncompressed at about 60 bucks A 50 pack of 25GB BD-R's is also about 60 bucks and writes at what 30MBs? You need 5 running in parallel to get nearly as fast as a single LTO drive. DB-R's are about the same price as a sata drive per GB your better off plugging them in as needed though neither is as reliable as tape in the long term.

      --
      No sir I dont like it.
  11. This sounds like an ad.. by slashkitty · · Score: 2

    AWS services are NOT cheap at all when compared to running dedicated servers. With a little bit of load balancing, you can have a much faster, more reliable, cluster for a fraction of the price. Currently, I rent quad core machines for about $60 a month. That works out to $0.08 / hour. AWS charges $0.56 for a comparable speed service. It's not just that they can lower prices, they have to to compete with the real world.

    --
    -- these are only opinions and they might not be mine.
    1. Re:This sounds like an ad.. by Prehensile+Interacti · · Score: 2

      Your maths is off. $60 a month is $0.16 / hour (* 12 / (365.25 * 24)).

      Also you're using AWS wrong, if you're comparing a by the hour price, with a contract price elsewhere. If you take AWS 1yr contract pricing, then the m3.xlarge will set you back $127pcm or $81 if you commit to 3yrs.

      Sure it's more expensive, but not the orders of magnitude more that you claim. AWS is probably not cost-effective for a single box, but that's not the real use-case for cloud computing. If your workload is burstable, then only being active for the hours you need will save. And if you're scaled up to more than a single box, then having your next boxes in a different availability zone to increase your overall reliability is very hard to do outside of cloud . Quality infrastructure costs.

  12. Focusing on the wrong hand by putaro · · Score: 2

    The article focused on how Amazon cuts hardware costs. The first step there is a big one - once you let go of buying name brand hardware, especially for storage, the price drop dramatically. So dramatically, in fact, that hosting (largely electricity, cooling and network connectivity) becomes the major cost in the equation. Amazon is pushing for extremely high density, however, that has a ripple effect throughout your whole datacenter design. If you're not in a high cost area, you might ask why focus on density because floor space is relatively cheap.

  13. does amazon AWS pay well? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I got a couple of recruiting calls from Amazon AWS in northern virginia last year. Wasn't really on the market and I don't believe I applied to them. They probably got my resume off a job site. I generally don't take interviews without talking money first (Im in the top of the market, so why waste my time if you can't pay?). Typically if they can't afford me, it ends there. They refused to talk numbers. I also got back a bizarre statement of 'there is more to working at amazon, then money'. This typically means 'we don't pay well, but we act cool so we get people to work alot of hours for less'. I have found that places that have statements like that require you to live there and don't pay well. So they want the type of person who will just stay put, accept less money and more hours than you can get down the street.

    I passed on the interview. The impression I got was that it was a really long interview process and I didn't want to be bothered.

    Anyone know about this? The position was in Herndon, VA.

    1. Re:does amazon AWS pay well? by Slashdot+Parent · · Score: 2

      'there is more to working at amazon, then money'.

      A lot of companies say that. Doesn't necessarily mean that they underpay, they just don't want someone who will jump ship if some competitor offers them $5k more.

      --
      They don't grade fathers, but if your daughter's a stripper, you fucked up. --Chris Rock
  14. Re:Only cheap for the big players by FlyHelicopters · · Score: 2

    Even if you could smooth out the $2691 over 3 years, that's $86.40+$74.75 per month = $161.15 per month

    If $161 per month is a serious cost for your business, then you aren't a real business.

    That is chump change.

  15. Amazon principles by subanark · · Score: 3, Informative

    The Amazon business is focused around it's core principles:
    http://www.amazon.com/Values-C...

    Notice that "Frugality" is listed as one of them.