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SpaceX Wins Injunction Against Russian Rocket Purchases

Rambo Tribble (1273454) writes "Reuters is reporting that Space Exploration Technologies, aka SpaceX, has won a Federal Claims Court temporary injunction against the purchase by United Launch Alliance of Russian-made rocket boosters, intended for use by the United States Air Force. In her ruling Judge Susan Braden prohibited ULA and the USAF, 'from making any purchases from or payment of money to [Russian firm] NPO Energomash.' United Launch Alliance is a joint venture of Boeing and Lockheed Martin."

28 of 166 comments (clear)

  1. Oh how the mighty have fallen by Powys · · Score: 5, Interesting

    It's a wonder that all the government spending on Lockeed and Boeing they have been unable to produce a viable engine themselves. They do have a huge lobbying force, so I doubt this is over yet.

    1. Re:Oh how the mighty have fallen by MightyYar · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Unable? This is about maximizing profit, not ability. They looked into domestic production of this engine and decided to save the billion or so dollars. Looking at this court decision, they may have made the right decision if they get stuck competing with a lower-cost provider of launches.

      I'm not sure that SpaceX will prevail in the short term. Ostensibly, the reason the military is willing to pay the Alliance so much is they can't insure their satellites, so they need a very reliable launch vehicle instead. Perhaps SpaceX will prove to be very reliable, but they aren't there yet.

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    2. Re:Oh how the mighty have fallen by icebike · · Score: 4, Insightful

      This case turns the usual defense procurement bugaboo on its head.

      Not really.
      This decision won't stand. The DOD will not let some meddlesome judge stand in the way of a security need, and friendlier judges will quickly overturn it. (It was a temporary injunction anyway).

      Look people, this is just to get their (Air Force's) attention. It isn't going to be a permanent thing, by simply making headlines it has served its purpose. (Note that the Russian's will probably block the sale anyway soon).

      DOD will promise to revise the bidding, they may also tell Pratt and Whitney to start manufacturing these engines in western countries (P&W bought the license to do this a long time ago, but it was never economic to do so in the past). This isn't particularly difficult tech to build when all of the plans and specs are already in US hands due to long existing licensing deals.

      But mostly, the purpose was an attention grab, to demonstrate how stupid it is to encourage US companies to develop lift capabilities and then turn around and buy Russian made engines on a sole source contract.

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    3. Re:Oh how the mighty have fallen by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      This isn't particularly difficult tech to build when all of the plans and specs are already in US hands due to long existing licensing deals.

      The RD-180 is a staged combustion LOX/RP-1 rocket engine with an oxygen rich pre-burner. Until the 1990s Oxidizer-rich staged combustion had been considered by American engineers, but deemed impossible.
      It is particularly difficult tech. To get the metallurgy and the coating right to withstand pressurized hot oxygen isn't simply a matter of plans and specs. It's about experience.
      It's far from impossible but it will take a lot of money and time to produce a reliable RD-180 eninge in the US.

    4. Re:Oh how the mighty have fallen by icebike · · Score: 3, Informative

      Utter nonsense.

      Look, we all acknowledge the accomplishments Mother Russia, OK?
      But stop trying to make out that this is either high tech or difficult to make. Its a very basic simple design (as is almost all Russian space hardware), simply scaled up.

      Engines with the exact same principal of operation powered the Shuttle. It had the additional requirement of being reusable. SpaceX already has the Raptor engine in production and testing.

      The metallurgy is not a particular impediment, because it was already developed for prior rocket motors (F1) as far back as the 50s.

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    5. Re:Oh how the mighty have fallen by dbIII · · Score: 2

      But stop trying to make out that this is either high tech or difficult to make

      With respect, it's rocket science you oaf and not just running a cable. It may not be the acme of rockets but it's still had more care and effort put into it than anything you can buy at Walmart, a car dealer or even a used aeroplane auction.

    6. Re:Oh how the mighty have fallen by Rich0 · · Score: 2

      But mostly, the purpose was an attention grab, to demonstrate how stupid it is to encourage US companies to develop lift capabilities and then turn around and buy Russian made engines on a sole source contract.

      If these really are essential for national defense, then they should be sourced entirely within the US, or they should at the very least have a number of suppliers from a diverse set of nations (so that no matter what side of a war we end up on, somebody is still willing to sell them to us). That's why Israel deals with both the US and Russia - they're too small to build EVERYTHING themselves so they diversify so that neither "side" can cut them off entirely.

      The US is large enough that there really is no excuse for sourcing items of a strategic nature from anywhere else. I could see buying foreign parts when doing proof-of-concept experiments, since you aren't relying on them operationally. However, anything that goes into production should have a US source. It isn't anything personal against anybody - it just isn't wise for ANY nation to depend on others for matters essential to defense.

  2. Wow. by MouseTheLuckyDog · · Score: 4, Funny

    Guess those Russian trampolines aren't so good after all.

  3. Why by Charliemopps · · Score: 5, Informative

    The summary doesn't mention anything about "WHY" they made this ruling or why there was a lawsuit in the first place.

    USAF awarded Russia a no-bid contract on 36 rocket boosters. SpaceX filed suit requesting consideration for the contract. The court filed an injunction to prevent sales being made while the trial moves forward.

    1. Re:Why by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Aerospace is a decades old pile of pork and graft. Contracts are awarded to whoever can bribe congress critters the best.

      SpaceX can make some noise here. There's probably a lot of cold war era laws regarding requirements for defense projects to be US manufactured.

      I mean really. Cheap imported Russian rockets resold by a cold war era aerospace dinosaur vs an all-American entrepreneur company?

    2. Re:Why by Last_Available_Usern · · Score: 3, Informative

      To be clear, USAF awarded ULA (United Launch Alliance, jointly run by Boeing and Lockheed) the uncompeted contract. What this prevents is ULA from making purchases from Russia for parts, which essentially cripples their entire contract since the Russian parts included the first-stage engine I believe. Without that, ULA doesn't have a functional rocket as far as I can tell. I'm sure ULA will find an intermediary who will "just happen" to have some of these engines laying around that they can then use to fulfill the contract. The bigger question is whether the contract as a whole will be recompeted, as it should.

    3. Re:Why by zuckie13 · · Score: 2

      Let's get this factually correct at least: USAF awarded United Launch Alliance (ULA), a partnership between Boeing and Lockheed, a no-bid contract on 36 rockets. Of those, some will be an Atlas-V (Lockheed Made) , and some will be a Delta-IV (Boeing made). Only the Atlas uses the Russian made Engine (called an RD-180 over here), the rest of that rocket is made here. The Delta uses an different engine (RS-68), which is made here. This injunction would prevent buying only engines and only for the Atlas first stage.

    4. Re:Why by jafac · · Score: 5, Interesting

      The ULA boosters are Lockheed's Atlas V (with the Russian RD-180 engine), and the Boeing Delta IV (which, I believe uses the Rocketdyne RS-68).

      However, Boeing has pulled the Delta IV from the market, so there will be a limited number of these launched in the future.

      I think that Boeing's decision was one of the reasons that prompted the launch-services merger. The RS-68 was expensive to develop, (and expensive to fly; part of that was the choice to use hydrogen+LOX, instead of kerosene+LOX like the RD-180) - and they weren't making enough profit on the launches, and were ready to bail from the market entirely; while Lockheed's decision to use the RD-180 saved them money - it made them the only player in the medium/heavy launch market.

      One thing about the Delta IV; is that it had capabilities that Atlas does not have, like in-air restarts, better reliability, more accurate payload delivery. Don't get me wrong, I think that both vehicles have their merits. The market will suffer with the loss of the Delta IV; and hopefully SpaceX can help, but SpaceX's goal is going to be cheaper launches, and it remains to be seen whether Falcon can deliver any of those features. (the other question about Falcon, is whether they can deliver the Heavy Lift capability which is a HUGE gap right now. Both Atlas and Delta have flown in "heavy" configurations - both of which are essentially "hacks" - but no worse than Ares was going to be).

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    5. Re:Why by ChinggisK · · Score: 3, Insightful

      However, Boeing has pulled the Delta IV from the market, so there will be a limited number of these launched in the future.

      Got a citation on that? Last I heard there was no definitive plan to end the Delta IV program, in fact it would be insane considering Atlas' precarious engine situation.

    6. Re:Why by cbhacking · · Score: 2

      SpaceX Falcon boosters are already quite capable of in-air restart; it's a critical part of their reusable first-stage design (the first stage re-lights at low elevation for a powered touchdown). As for accuracy of payloads, that's one of the critical requirements for ISS transfer, which they have demonstrated repeatedly now. Reliability remains to be seen; they've had no catastrophic failures yet (and they've had at least one sub-last-second automatic launch scrub when the computers detected a problem) but as rocket companies go, they're young yet.

      Falcon Heavy would indeed fill a currently serious hole in our launch capability. In theory, it's a simple design - three Falcon 9 first-stages glued together - but SpaceX has been putting a lot of effort into perfecting the Falcon 9 and they'll need some time to adapt that work to a reliable, full-performance Falcon Heavy. On the other hand, at least it's in development! With well over twice the payload capacity of the Delta IV Heavy and nearly 3x that of the Atlas V, it will be a game-changer if it can be flown at anything like the prices SpaceX is predicting.

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  4. Re:where did hitler get all of his support? by TechyImmigrant · · Score: 2

    >Hey, man! Don't Godwin capitalism.

    That's what Goebbels said to Hitler in 1933.

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  5. Re:International space hug by gstoddart · · Score: 3, Funny

    It was great in theory. The difference between theory and practice being...

    Cookies, a 5th of scotch, an angry monkey, a pack or Marlboros, and a really fast car?

    Or ... is that just me?

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    Lost at C:>. Found at C.
  6. Re:Innovation vs rent-seeking by jonnythan · · Score: 3, Informative

    Um, no. The Air Force gave Russia the contract with zero bidding process. SpaceX literally never had a chance. They're suing for a level playing field where they could bid against Russia in an open process.

    The rest of your post is...... well.

  7. Re:Innovation vs rent-seeking by hublan · · Score: 5, Insightful

    SpaceX are fantastic, world-class innovators, but lobbying the government to tilt the playing field their way smacks of rent-seeking.

    You're confused. It's called levelling the playing field. What the USAF did was sign a no-bid contract with the Boeing/Lockheed to purchase Russian rocket engines. A huge no-no in the public sphere, if not illegal. The only way to get them to reverse on that was to go to court.

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  8. Re:International space hug by theshowmecanuck · · Score: 2

    The cold war restarted when Putin weaseled in, but the west didn't want to recognize it.

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  9. As long as you ignore the facts. Re:New Motto by clay_buster · · Score: 2

    They aren't asking for an embargo. They are asking for a competition.

  10. Re:Russian Rocket Motors? by Hognoxious · · Score: 2

    an ethnic Russian majority who is being openly abused by the Ukranian government.

    Er, what?

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  11. Re:Innovation vs rent-seeking by Teancum · · Score: 4, Interesting

    You're confused. It's called levelling the playing field. What the USAF did was sign a no-bid contract with the Boeing/Lockheed to purchase Russian rocket engines. A huge no-no in the public sphere, if not illegal. The only way to get them to reverse on that was to go to court.

    It isn't wrong to do sole source contracts as a public entity. I did them when I was working for a state agency several times. The big thing is that you need to demonstrate convincingly (and be willing to back that up in a court room if necessary... like SpaceX is trying to call the bluff here with regards to ULA and the USAF) that the company you are sole sourcing is really the only company which could possibly provide the project being desired.

    There are a couple of ways to get that to happen, and one of common methods (IMHO it really is corruption at its finest) is to over specify the technical requirements in such a way that one and only one company could possibly present a bid. For example with a computer, you could require that the computer has certain non-standard connectors, be very specific with an operating system (especially an off-beat OS like QNX), monitors have a 63.224 Hz screen refresh capability (or some other really weird number like this), and other details that exclude anybody else. You can reject any other potential bids simply because they failed to meet the original specification.

    That is essentially what ULA has done here with regards to their rocket purchases, and SpaceX is crying foul by pointing out their rockets are just as capable to put up many of the same payloads reliably as well. Once the Falcon Heavy has launched a few times (its first launch may be this year or early next year), SpaceX will literally be able to launch anything ULA has with its inventory of rockets. There are other companies like ATK-Orbital that could conceivably be able to compete as well at least for some of these payloads.

    The analogy would be some state college putting out for bid a bunch of Mac computers, and some PC dealer filing protest suggesting their products are just as capable for the applications being done at the college. The Apple dealer would point out that specialized software excludes the PCs, and the finger pointing goes on from there in the protest.

    Indeed I think Elon Musk and his lawyers are going to bring up Orbital several times if this goes before a courtroom basically saying "it isn't just us".

  12. steal the designs by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    If it was just about the designs would could steal any number of them from ourselves (50 years of rocket engine designs to choose from). The issue appears to be the ability to manufacture, which we seem to have lost and would require time & money to restart. All that is except for SpaceX, they appear to build their engine in house. The Merlin engine is a bit less efficient than the RD-180 but its the most efficient hydrocarbon engine developed in the US.

  13. Re:Russian Rocket Motors? by WhiplashII · · Score: 3, Funny

    3) Take over Ukraine

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  14. Re:Innovation vs rent-seeking by Guspaz · · Score: 2

    And the judge apparently thinks that idea has enough merit to block the no-compete sale while it's thoroughly investigated.

    That's not at all what happened. The judge did not consider or rule on the merits of the contract at all, nor did the judge block or directly interfere with that contract. The judge considered that ULA intends to buy Russian engines from an individual on the sanctions list, which could be illegal. As such, the injunction is limited to forbidding the purchase of the engines until the proper authorities can decide if the purchases would be sanction violations.

    The rest of the contract is (so far) free to move forward, using existing Russian engines already in ULA's possession (they claim to have a two-year supply).

  15. Calling them on the rhetoric by Erich · · Score: 4, Informative
    My understanding is that ULA gets paid lots and lots of money to maintain two independent launch vehicles, the Atlas V and the Delta IV. That way if one of the rockets is grounded for some reason, space access is still available.

    ULA prefers Atlas V because it is more profitable for them. But it uses engines from Russia.

    The Russian engines are purchased from a company with ties to one of the people targeted by US sanctions against Russia... so the judge has granted the injunction to prevent purchasing those Russian engines.

    ULA has a stockpile of some Russian engines already, and they have the (less profitable for them) Delta IV if they can't launch Atlas V for any reason... and running out of engines would be one of those reasons. But ULA would prefer to continue buying engines. But we've been paying them to have both rockets available, so they'd better be able to show up with what they've promised.

    Separate from this injunction, SpaceX is asking for a review of the large block by of ULA cores, as it was done just before (a few days before) one of the final milestones of SpaceX being qualified to launch for the air force. I think it's not unreasonable for them to say that it's unacceptable to do a huge purchase when if you wait for a few days you would have multiple vendors competing for the bid.

    Even John McCain thinks that contract smells fishy: link

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    Slashdot reader since 1997

  16. Re:Russian Rocket Motors? by sconeu · · Score: 2

    Yugoslavia? Serbia/Croatia/B-H/Montegr0

    Czechoslovakia? Czech Republic and Slovakia.

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