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EU Court Rules Embedding YouTube Videos Is Not Copyright Infringement

Maurits van der Schee writes "The Court of Justice of the European Union has ruled that embedding a copyrighted YouTube video in your site is not copyright infringement. From the article: "The case in question was referred to EU’s Court of Justice by a German court. It deals with a dispute between the water filtering company BestWater International and two men who work as independent commercial agents for a competitor. Bestwater accused the men of embedding one of their promotional videos, which was available on YouTube without the company’s permission. The video was embedded on the personal website of the two through a frame, as is usual with YouTube videos. While EU law is clear on most piracy issues, the copyright directive says very little about embedding copyrighted works. The Court of Justice, however, now argues that embedding is not copyright infringement."

40 of 68 comments (clear)

  1. Justice by Thanshin · · Score: 4, Funny

    The fact that we need a court to decide that "embedding a copyrighted YouTube video in your site is not copyright infringement." is already a failure of the system as a whole.

    Next we'll have the court deciding that "Mentioning the fact that you saw a video on YouTube is not copyright infringement as long as you specify you don't know whether the video was copyrighted or otherwise."

    (I now wonder if this post is copyright infringement. After all, I'm replying an article about a court ruling about people who embedded in their web pages videos from Youtube which were copyrighted! ... OMG I don't want to die in prison!)

    1. Re:Justice by Sique · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The fact that we need a court to decide that "embedding a copyrighted YouTube video in your site is not copyright infringement." is already a failure of the system as a whole.

      No, that's one of the things a court is for: Clear up legal facts if they are not explicitely stated in the law. The E.U. copyright directive and the laws in different countries don't mention embedding, and thus a court decides when the question comes up. In this case, the system works exactly as it is supposed to be.

      --
      .sig: Sique *sigh*
    2. Re:Justice by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      Now we just need a court to rule that torrent links are not copyright infringement either.

    3. Re:Justice by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      No, that is silly. Courts are there to clear up legal facts *when the law is unclear*.

      You don't need a court to declare breathing, eating and any number of other things to be legal, even though none of those are mentioned in law.

      Yes, some people *would like* linking and embedding to be illegal. They try their best to pervert the law to benefit them, and this includes abusing the legal system by having it rule on obvious issues like this. It's not what courts are for, it is abuse.

      Obviously, what is "unclear" varies from one person to the next and therefore we have to give these people the benefit of doubt. There is no doubt in my mind that this kind of abuse is malicious, however. Corporate lawyers are paid to know that "there isn't a law against it" == "it's not illegal". I don't think they are *that* dumb that they don't get that, and the only reason they end up with interpretations that claim embedding or linking is illegal is because they stand to gain from it. I.e. they're not trying to abide by the law, they are trying to bend the law as far as it will bend in order to serve their own purposes.

    4. Re:Justice by king+neckbeard · · Score: 2

      The fact that the party bringing up this case wasn't immediately laughed out of court indicates there is a problem.

      --
      This is my signature. There are many like it, but this one is mine.
    5. Re:Justice by StormReaver · · Score: 1

      ...that's one of the things a court is for: Clear up legal facts if they are not explicitely stated in the law.

      You just restated his argument using different words.

    6. Re:Justice by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Why go even further and get a court to rule that any link is equivalent to a bibliographical reference/citation in a printed book/journal - that is telling you where to find the referenced item.

    7. Re:Justice by Intrepid+imaginaut · · Score: 1

      Then again it also means I can take the content created by anyone on youtube and embed it into my own ad-studded website and make cashy money from their efforts.

      I think youtube throttles down performance for embedded videos though, just from personal observation.

    8. Re:Justice by pr100 · · Score: 1

      The courts are there to decide the cases that are brought before them. If someone chooses to bring an action for copyright infringement in a particular circumstance then it's the function of the courts to decide the case.

      The wisdom of bringing, contesting or appealing cases is really a matter for litigants and their legal advisers; not for the court.

    9. Re:Justice by OolimPhon · · Score: 1

      You'd have 10000 pages on how to eat a peanut legally if that were so.

      You haven't read much EU legislation, have you?

      I wouldn't be surprised if such a document didn't already exist, and no, I am not joking.

    10. Re:Justice by wvmarle · · Score: 1

      Now such a comment shows you have a serious problem - one with not thinking through the problem, and showing a thorough lack of understanding of even the basics of the concept of copyright. Note that every video, every work out there is copyrighted. Also your home videos. The whole notion of those anti-copying groups that say "don't share copyrighted material" is stupid - whether you can share copyrighted material with third parties depends on whether the copyright owner has given permission or not. Simply uploading to YouTube may very well arguably include an implicit permission to share, unless explicitly stated otherwise.

      There is a general agreement that linking to material is OK, however this is much more than just linking - this is embedding. Linking is easier: it basically tells "look, over there you can find this or that, you may go have a look". Nothing from the original content is visible in your web site, clearly no copyright infringement.

      Embedding a video goes a lot further than that. It is getting quite close to renting a video and showing it to all your friends and all other people that ask. Whether that is legal, generally depends on the copyright license of the rights holder.

      If no restrictions on this, you could take all the content of your local newspaper's site, embed it in your web site (using frames or so, so you're not actually copying the news articles to your own web site), and you got your own news web site. I'm pulling it a bit more to an extreme, but it's basically the same: it's embedding. However now you must see the issues this may have.

      As I understand it, YouTube has an option to indicate whether you allow your video to be embedded in another web site. If you allow this, there's no issue of course.

      A complicating factor in this case will certainly be the fact that the uploader of the video is not the copyright holder of the original material... and that when I see videos from YouTube broadcast as part of a TV show, it very often says (C) YouTube - also something that I have bad feelings about, whether it is true or not.

    11. Re:Justice by StripedCow · · Score: 1

      Correlation != causation.

      --
      If Pandora's box is destined to be opened, *I* want to be the one to open it.
  2. Sad, sad, sad by mnt · · Score: 1

    Embedding? Copyright infringement? EU Court? We need a new copyright law.

  3. Embedded is one of those fuzzy words by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    The term embedded in this context just means a fancy type of hyperlink that displays contents from another site on your webpage. This is exactly equivalent to hotlinking images, and it can be stopped in exactly the same way. Anyhow, hyperlinks are not infringement, so it's obvious by extension that embedded linking isn't infrintement either.

    It's probably important to note that embedding a link to a pirated copy of the work doesn't magically make the pirated copy legal.

    I think it just means that only the site hosting the pirated work can be charged with copyright infringement. However, I predict this may change in the future when site A links to site B that suddenly "disappears" when the copyright owner tries to hold someone accountable, and then site C later appears with all of site B's stolen content, and site A magically has links to site C (in other words, it's obvious to everyone that the owner of site A also owns site B and C, but nobody can prove it because of some corporate bullshit). At some point, the content owners will manage to collect damages from A, which will set the dangerous precedent that effectively means nobody is allowed to link to an infringing site.

    1. Re:Embedded is one of those fuzzy words by Mike+O'Hara · · Score: 1

      The term embedded in this context just means a fancy type of hyperlink that displays contents from another site on your webpage. This is exactly equivalent to hotlinking images, and it can be stopped in exactly the same way. Anyhow, hyperlinks are not infringement, so it's obvious by extension that embedded linking isn't infrintement either.

      If I had mod points...

      --
      [FUCK BETA]
    2. Re:Embedded is one of those fuzzy words by mark-t · · Score: 1

      My Youtube-fu is poor. Does it offer facilities to people who post videos to prevent other people from embedding that video?

  4. Re:Bit too late by Cyberdyne · · Score: 5, Interesting

    For those kids who got shipped out to the USA for linking videos. If only they had embedded them.

    In fact, the same court had already ruled in a earlier case (Svensson) that linking to a file does not constitute copyright infringement either.

    The court doesn't seem - at least from this report - to have taken into account that the uploader on YouTube has the ability to permit or deny this embedding, which would have strengthened the argument that it is that uploader who was to blame, not others linking to the video there. I wonder if the copyright owner went after them as well - considering a copyright takedown against the video on YouTube would have disabled the embedded view anyway?

    What could be interesting here is how this relates to recent UK court orders forcing the largest UK ISPs to censor access to "pirate" websites like TPB, some of which also merely link to files which may be online in breach of copyright?

  5. Re:Bit too late by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    In the case of TPB, Swedish court ruled that they did not commit copyright infringement, but aided and encouraged such actions by others, even though no crime could be proven. How that would work out in an EU court is hard to predict.

  6. Internet vs meatspace by Overzeetop · · Score: 2

    This is an interesting ruling because, currently in the US, playing a radio station over speakers in a business is copyright infringement. This is very close to the meatspace equivalent of embedding a copyrighted work. Since this is an EU case it obviously would not hold a great deal of weight in a US court (though international rulings are considered in some cases), but it brings up an interesting dissonance in copyright law.

    --
    Is it just my observation, or are there way too many stupid people in the world?
    1. Re:Internet vs meatspace by drinkypoo · · Score: 3, Informative

      This is an interesting ruling because, currently in the US, playing a radio station over speakers in a business is copyright infringement. This is very close to the meatspace equivalent of embedding a copyrighted work

      No, in fact it's nothing like that whatsoever. If the EU had ruled that it was legal to display youtube videos in a public place for the purposes of entertainment, then it would be similar. It isn't. There is no parallel here.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    2. Re:Internet vs meatspace by drinkypoo · · Score: 2

      Exactly! Because a website is clearly not a public place used for the purpose of entertainment.

      It's amusing that you were trying to be sarcastic, because your statement is clearly correct. A website is not a place. It's a piece of media. New situations require new rules. I'm enjoying websites in my office, which is not a public place. If you were to present my website as a public performance without my permission, that would be stupid and weird, and you would owe me some money. Obviously, if your performance is a live critique of people's blogs, your audience is stupid, and that would be fair use. But if I embedded someone's Youtube video in my page, then handling public performance of that material would be between you and the copyright holder, and it would have nothing to do with me whatsoever.

      Youtube offers control over embedding on other sites, just like websites provide access control (even if it's just what's in the server) so that you can control who is permitted to view your content. While discussions about circumvention are outside the scope of this comment, in general this provides sufficient copyright control* to handle this specific problem as relates to Youtube, if not websites.

      * yuck

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    3. Re:Internet vs meatspace by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      Sure. But isn't that just a technicality?

      What else is there when you're writing laws?

      In practical terms, the suggested example of re-broadcasting radio in a store is the same.

      It really isn't, because of the difference between a website and a public place.

      In both cases someone's work is being presented to an audience in a context that someone else controls,

      Youtube lets you prevent embedding.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    4. Re:Internet vs meatspace by Overzeetop · · Score: 1

      Really? You are mistaking the rebroadcast as "entertainment" whereas it's generally background sound, not the primary purpose of the business. Music played in a retail store is a good example. People don't come to the store to be entertained by the music, they come to shop for clothes. The purpose of the music is to help set a mood, just as the posters on the wall, or the color of the carpet, or the type and style of lighting.

      Lets look at it as a public place - you say that a website isn't one, but it's accessible to the general public. It's a public facing, interactive area representing the organization which presents it. A website comes with many of the rights (free speech) and restrictions (libel) that having a physical presence does.

      And take it further - Amazon's only merchant space is a website. If this were to be adopted in the US, then Amazon could link copyrighted videos via YouTube on their site. That would allow them to post a video stream of John Legend on the page where they sell Teen clothing, but prevent Rue 21 from putting a computer monitor on the wall and streaming the same video.

      --
      Is it just my observation, or are there way too many stupid people in the world?
    5. Re:Internet vs meatspace by tlhIngan · · Score: 1

      This is an interesting ruling because, currently in the US, playing a radio station over speakers in a business is copyright infringement. This is very close to the meatspace equivalent of embedding a copyrighted work. Since this is an EU case it obviously would not hold a great deal of weight in a US court (though international rulings are considered in some cases), but it brings up an interesting dissonance in copyright law.

      Embedding is something unique only to the "cyber" world. About the closest equivalent is not playing a radio in a store, but having the radio station broadcast from your store - your patrons gets to hear the music, the content is managed by the radio station, and it's available elsewhere (over the radio). And radio stations have mobile studios for this purpose - they park in front of a business and play music from that location. It's backhauled to the station proper as it has the powerful radio transmitter and antennas, but for the moment, the station is "embedded" on the property. Copyright concerns are handled by the station since it's their content.

      Basically it's who retains control of the content. Your radio in the business doesn't work because if the radio station doesn't want you doing that, they can't shut off your radio. Whereas they can shut off embedding on their own video, or stop playing content on the mobile studio.

    6. Re:Internet vs meatspace by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      People don't come to the store to be entertained by the music, they come to shop for clothes.

      Right?

      You are mistaking the rebroadcast as "entertainment" whereas it's generally background sound, [...] The purpose of the music is to help set a mood, just as the posters on the wall, or the color of the carpet, or the type and style of lighting.

      Yeah, you pay for all of those things. And thanks to copyright law, you pay when you play music for your shoppers. And "setting a mood" is the same thing as "entertainment". The difference is that the entertainment is not the primary purpose of the business, but that's a difference without a distinction. The purpose is to entertain people on some level so that they will shop in your store. If it didn't have value, they wouldn't play it.

      Amazon's only merchant space is a website. If this were to be adopted in the US, then Amazon could link copyrighted videos via YouTube on their site.

      And guess what? They already can, but for different reasons. Namely, Youtube gives the copyright holder control over who may embed the content. That wasn't even brought up in this case, for whatever reason.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    7. Re:Internet vs meatspace by wvmarle · · Score: 1

      This is an interesting ruling because, currently in the US, playing a radio station over speakers in a business is copyright infringement. This is very close to the meatspace equivalent of embedding a copyrighted work

      No, in fact it's nothing like that whatsoever. If the EU had ruled that it was legal to display youtube videos in a public place for the purposes of entertainment, then it would be similar. It isn't. There is no parallel here.

      A web site on the Internet is quite arguably the cyberspace equivalent to a public place.

      The display of a YouTube video on a screen in your shop, streaming from YouTube, is quite arguably the same as embedding it in your web site.

      A lot will depend on the copyright license of the material in question. You're certainly allowed to play music in your store if you get explicit permission from the copyright owner of this music to use their material in your shop. Maybe they even come and play live in your shop. If you put a video out on the Internet, and explicitly add "only link, do not embed this video in any other site", and someone does embed it after all, you may still be able to claim copyright infringement as it's explicitly stated you don't want this.

  7. Re:From the UK ... by Wootery · · Score: 1

    If anyone was claiming that everything the EU does is wrong, then you'd have a point.

  8. Crazy EU logic (again) by Godwin+O'Hitler · · Score: 1

    There is every difference between embedded content and linked content.
    If you rip the video, store it on your site, then display it, there is absolutely no visible difference to the reader.
    How do the underlying mechanics of how it got there change anything?

    --
    No, your children are not the special ones. Nor are your pets.
    1. Re:Crazy EU logic (again) by StripedCow · · Score: 1

      Well, if a copy is made, you lose the possibility of removing the content or changing it.

      --
      If Pandora's box is destined to be opened, *I* want to be the one to open it.
    2. Re:Crazy EU logic (again) by DeHackEd · · Score: 2

      In the embedded scenario the owner retains control. Frankly said owner should simply disallow embedding and let the embedder look like an idiot until they realize what they did.

    3. Re:Crazy EU logic (again) by coofercat · · Score: 1

      There's a very distinct difference between "rip the video, store it on your site, then display it" and embedding. Ripping/storing is a very deliberate act to copy something.

      Simply embedding a video (or an image, or anything else, one would suppose) on a site makes no copies of it, and so, as per the ruling is not copyright infringement. If you're a copyright holder and have a problem with something you can see embedded on a page, go after the person/site hosting the content. That makes pretty good sense to me.

    4. Re:Crazy EU logic (again) by Jason+Levine · · Score: 1

      If you're a copyright holder and have a problem with something you can see embedded on a page, go after the person/site hosting the content.

      And if the content was a video that you (the copyright holder) uploaded to YouTube, then simply edit the video and set it to disallow embedding. Your embedding problem will be solved with zero lawyer costs and in less time than it would take to fire off a "Don't Embed Our Content" C&D letter. If the website then rips your video from YouTube and displays it on their website, by all means get the lawyers involved, but a simple embedding issue isn't something you need lawyers to solve.

      --
      My sci-fi novel, Ghost Thief, is now available from Amazon.com.
    5. Re:Crazy EU logic (again) by 91degrees · · Score: 1

      There does seem to be some inconsistency here. The UK and the Netherlands have both ruled against people for linking or embedding infringing material, under laws against facilitating copyright infringement.

      It certainly does depend on whether the crime is the end result of deivering the material, or the process of duplication. Different courts seem to have different opinions on the matter.

    6. Re:Crazy EU logic (again) by Godwin+O'Hitler · · Score: 1

      OK that's fair enough, it does make a difference to how easily the problem is tackled once the infringement is discovered.
      But I'm still not convinced that an irate copyright holder who finds their content on a Web page actually cares whether it's embedded or not, or should even have to care.

      --
      No, your children are not the special ones. Nor are your pets.
  9. Re:From the UK ... by RDW · · Score: 1

    Have you met Mr Farage?

  10. Re:Bit too late by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

    In the case of TPB, Swedish court ruled that they did not commit copyright infringement, but aided and encouraged such actions by others, even though no crime could be proven. How that would work out in an EU court is hard to predict.

    I wouldn't use that as a reference to how a Swedish court would rule in the future either.
    The entire TPB case is such a major clusterfuck of retardedness and corruption mixed up.
    It is supposed to be illegal for the Ministry of Justice to be involved in specific cases, the officer in charge of the raid was on Warners payroll, the Judge were a member of the same copyright interest group as the Swedish equivalent to RIAA and the prosecutor had just a month before the raid concluded that TPB didn't do anything that broke the law. (But he changed his mind suddenly after being told that TPB had to be taken down.)
    Also, one of the softwares brought up as evidence of assisted copyright infringement were the World of Warcraft binaries that Blizzard even encouraged people to share together with the trial-code you got when you purchased a license.

    You can't expect a similar situation to occur in all copyright cases.

  11. Re:From the UK ... by gl4ss · · Score: 1

    the thing is, sometimes it's better to have a court 'far away' decide whats fair. they don't need to think about local interest groups, who they're fucking etc..

    this is why I still think it was a good decision to go into EU by Finland - so that our mp's and toll fucks couldn't make us pay full brand new tax on used fucking cars from germany.

    --
    world was created 5 seconds before this post as it is.
  12. So now ... by gstoddart · · Score: 1

    So now don't they have to pretty much make the only consistent and logical conclusion ... that linking to something is in no way copyright infringement?

    They won't, of course, but haven't the courts previously said that linking to a place which does copyright infringement (or tells you how) is the same as infringing?

    So how can you possibly claim that embedding a link to a video which is served from someone else is any different? If I can embed a link to a YouTube video, how am I infringing any less than pointing a link at, say, The Pirate Bay?

    As usual, it seems like the courts barely understand these things, and give rulings which are contradictory depending on what suits them.

    If the video is on YouTube, and I didn't put it there ... a link to the video isn't copyright infringement, nor is embedding a link to it to prove my point. But, if I tell you where you can find tools or actually reach documents ... magically, I'm infringing.

    We really need to have a consistent set of laws which encompasses the aspects of this which are the same. And it can't be identical, but of a different legal status depending on arbitrary differences.

    --
    Lost at C:>. Found at C.
  13. Re:From the UK ... by Wootery · · Score: 1

    Nope. He might be very strongly against the UK being part of the EU, but I don't know that he's dumb enough to suggest that literally everything they do it bad.

  14. I am assuming that this applies... by mark-t · · Score: 1

    ... to videos that are already available on youtube in the first place. For example, if the copyright holder had put them on youtube. And this decision would prevent the copyright holder from claiming infringement or damages for anyone who had embedded said video into their own website.