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Scientists Have Finally Sampled the Most Abundant Material On Earth

rossgneumann writes: The most abundant material on Earth didn't have a name, and, in fact, hadn't been seen — until now. For the first time ever, scientists have gotten their hands on a sample of bridgmanite, a mineral that is believed to make up more than a third of the volume of the Earth. In a new paper published in Science late last week, Oliver Tschauner of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, and his team describe bridgmanite for the first time.

23 of 128 comments (clear)

  1. (Mg,Fe)SiO3 by Noah+Haders · · Score: 5, Informative

    some info not in the summary or article:

    Formula: (Mg,Fe)SiO3
    System: Orthorhombic
    Name:
    Named in 2014 by Chi Ma and Oliver Tschauner in honor of Percy Williams Bridgman [April 21, 1882 Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA - August 20, 1961 Randolph, New Hampshire, USA], winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1946 for his work in high-pressure physics.

    1. Re:(Mg,Fe)SiO3 by PPH · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Interesting.

      But the summary is slightly misleding. The stuff they found came from a shocked meteorite. And it fits the theoretical models of the makeup of the lower mantle. But it sounds like we still haven't gotten a significant sample from inside the earth to validate the theory.

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
    2. Re:(Mg,Fe)SiO3 by shri · · Score: 3, Informative

      Not just "sounds like"... they've got nothing other than speculation which confirms earlier speculation.

      Tschauner’s description of bridgmanite gives us no such insights about the inside of the Earth, other than to confirm what scientists believed to have been true for quite some time: The mineral exists, and it can occur naturally under highly pressurized conditions.

    3. Re:(Mg,Fe)SiO3 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      The original article in Science has considerably more detail too, although it's behind a paywall.

    4. Re:(Mg,Fe)SiO3 by jbengt · · Score: 2

      You might know what atoms make it up (no actual samples from the deep, yet) but you don't know how they combine and interact unless you create the high temperatures and tremendous pressures of the lower mantle.

    5. Re:(Mg,Fe)SiO3 by PPH · · Score: 3, Interesting

      This was sort of my point. It is my understanding that the correct structure of Bridgemanite is not stable on the surface of the earth. So what we find lying around are samples that have been cooled and decompressed.

      One of my hobbies involves hardening and annealing metal. And time at temperature is a critical factor (fast vs slow cooling) to produce the desired material characteristics. So I'm not convinced that the stuff inside a meteorite, which experiences these extremes for only a few seconds correctly duplicates something that has been exposed for a few billion years.

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
  2. Summary is wrong by ShieldW0lf · · Score: 5, Informative

    Technically, it's not "on Earth", it's "in Earth".

    --
    -1 Uncomfortable Truth
  3. Re:Let me guess by Tablizer · · Score: 2

    Unobtainium has been obtained? Now it's "Misnamedium".

  4. Re:Wait till they see water! by bjohnson · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Compared to the volume of the rest of the planet, much of it consisting of, you guessed it, bridgmanite, water is a very thin film on the surface....water is about 0.02% of the total earths' mass

  5. Re:Wait till they see water! by ihtoit · · Score: 3, Interesting

    actually the total amount of water would only cover the entire surface with a uniform layer one fifteenth of one percent the total radius of the planet. Water is in fact, therefore, pretty scarce on Earth.

    --
    Political debates have me rolling my eyes so much I think I got optical whiplash. I should sue. - Foamy The Squirrel
  6. Re: Cool by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    It is to the Vogons.

  7. Re:Wait till they see water! by rudy_wayne · · Score: 5, Funny

    I thought stupidity was the most abundant material on earth.

  8. Re:Wait till they see water! by vux984 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Water is in fact, therefore, pretty scarce on Earth.

    That's like arguing the material a balloon is made of is scarce on a balloon. Its true that there's not much of it in the total volume of a balloon. But it still makes up pretty much 100% of the surface area ON a balloon.

    Similarly bridgmanite is pretty rare on the surface, even if it is the most common by far when you start looking further down.

  9. Re: Cool by vogonity · · Score: 5, Funny

    We wrote some poems about it.

  10. Re: Cool by jfdavis668 · · Score: 2

    Is it green? Ode to a lump of green putty I found in my armpit one midsummer's morning.

  11. Re:Wait till they see water! by careysub · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Water is in fact, therefore, pretty scarce on Earth.

    That's like arguing the material a balloon is made of is scarce on a balloon. Its true that there's not much of it in the total volume of a balloon. But it still makes up pretty much 100% of the surface area ON a balloon.

    ...

    Two strikes for you - first you make a poor analogy (In a completely deflated state the rubber is the entire volume and mass of the balloon), and second you missed the opportunity to make it a car analogy.

    A better analogy would be that paint (or enamel) is pretty scarce on a car since such a tiny fraction of its total mass consists of paint, even though us "surfacists" consider the paint a very important characteristic of the car.

    --
    Starships were meant to fly, Hands up and touch the sky - Nicky Minaj
  12. Re:Wait till they see water! by turbidostato · · Score: 4, Funny

    Wooosssh!

  13. Re:Wait till they see water! by dreamchaser · · Score: 2

    No, just on reddit.

  14. Re:Wait till they see water! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

    Yes, that is the sound of a fast moving electric car!

  15. Re:These words don't mean what you think they mean by reboot246 · · Score: 2

    I was thinking along the lines of: females are plentiful, but for a lot of slashdotters they're completely inaccessible.

  16. Silly scientists by M0j0_j0j0 · · Score: 5, Funny

    The obvious and accpted name should be, Alotofite

  17. Re: Wait till they see water! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

    Or the sound of a deflating balloon

  18. Re:Wait till they see water! by butalearner · · Score: 2

    Actually, TFA links to an earlier article that discusses a sample of ringwoodite (the transition layer material between upper and lower mantles) that had water trapped inside it. The whole thing was encased by a diamond that emerged in Brazil. They claim that it "confirms predictions from high-pressure laboratory experiments that a water reservoir comparable in size to all the oceans combined is hidden deep in Earth’s mantle." The ringwoodite sample was 1.5% water by weight, so water is still a small percentage of Earth's mass, but there is more than just surface water.