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Quantum Equation Suggests Universe Had No Beginning
cyberspittle writes: The universe may have existed forever, according to a new model that applies quantum correction terms to complement Einstein's theory of general relativity. The model may also account for dark matter and dark energy, resolving multiple problems at once. "In addition to not predicting a Big Bang singularity, the new model does not predict a "big crunch" singularity, either. In general relativity, one possible fate of the universe is that it starts to shrink until it collapses in on itself in a big crunch and becomes an infinitely dense point once again. ... In cosmological terms, the scientists explain that the quantum corrections can be thought of as a cosmological constant term (without the need for dark energy) and a radiation term. These terms keep the universe at a finite size, and therefore give it an infinite age. The terms also make predictions that agree closely with current observations of the cosmological constant and density of the universe."
OK, these guys are probably far smarter than I'll ever be, but... the universe clearly isn't staying at a finite size, and playing the universe's expansion in reverse would imply that it started at a single point. How do they account for this? I even went as far as to read the article, but it wasn't mentioned.
Are they saying that the universe fluctuates between a not-quite-a-singularity tiny point of density and a not-quite-eternally-infinite empty void, or that it simply was a not-quite-a-singularity tiny point of density for an infinite time before it expanded?
and that involves a certain plant, a yard of gummed-edge pressed wood pulp and a bucket of munchies.
Political debates have me rolling my eyes so much I think I got optical whiplash. I should sue. - Foamy The Squirrel
...it's turtles, all the way down.
Table-ized A.I.
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Table-ized A.I.
And as far as a universe with no beginning or end is concerned, what's the problem?
In a word: entropy.
"If a nation expects to be ignorant and free in a state of civilization, it expects what never was and never will be."
Suppose the Universe is filled by a Bose-Einstein condensate of gravitons with mass, and that the amplitude of the condensate's wavefunction spans the entire universe.
Turns out that when you derive the FRW equations from this, doing so inserts a cosmological-constant lookalike into the equation for a''
So plug the size of the Universe into the Yukawa equation and a graviton mass of 10^-32eV pops out. Plug this into the assumption that the wavefunction is a Gaussian the size of the universe (which makes d'Alembertian proportional to the wavefunction and gives you that nice constant) and you get a cosmological constant that's plausibly near to what we observe.
Inserting the universe-condensate also creates a second correction term which prevents the FRW scale factor from blowing up or collapsing either in the past or the future, which makes that nasty big bang singularity go away.
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It's worth noting that they invoke Bohmian quantum mechanics, which will immediately sketch out a lot of quantum folks...
What bugs me is that the massive graviton blows up the mass hierarchy problem. It's hard enough to come up with a non-contrived way to have particles whose measured mass ranges from 1eV to 170GeV, but to extend it by 30 orders of magnitude on the light side is just mean.
A few years ago, a colleague proposed the idea that North-European population are tall because of an adaptation to the colder climate.
He could prove his theory but only for a perfectly spherical viking.
You know, what I've often asked myself is, "What was there before the Big Bang?"
Thats a bit like asking what is south of the south pole.
Two experimentally physicists, with one shouting: "Oh God, shut if off! Shut it off!"
But seriously, as AC has posted, the question is meaningless if time "started" at the point of the Big Bang. Hard to get your head around maybe. I know my mother has problems with it, but she also poses strange questions like "why aren't apes having human babies now." It's like a hundred years of science has just slipped past her.
Obvious question, if the universe is infinitely old why do we still have hydrogen left for fusion?
Thats a bit like asking what is south of the south pole.
Maybe. But the current model could be wrong.
Certainly I agree with you, there is a lot we don't know. The trouble is, at the moment, in order to speculate on this, we are leaving science and entering philosophy. Science does not have an answer for us here, and maybe never will. We have some math, but nothing that really means anything to us.
I would say that these questions cannot be objectively answered - there is no way to measure what happened 'before' since there is no frame of reference that would be meaningful to us and allow us to understand what 'happens' outside our little bubble of physics and space/time. How do we measure outside of space and time? What are we measuring for that matter? What does 'before', or 'cause' or 'effect' mean in such a reality?
As a self professed religious person, I believe there are subjective and unprovable answers. Others disagree and are happier with the questions. In either case it seems wise to not give up on looking.
I have determined that my sig is indeterminate.
The question is meaningless. In fact, it's meaningless from a physics point of view and also meaningless from a theological point of view. It was asked often and a good answer by Saint Augustine ("What God did before the creating of the Universe?") was (roughly) "The question is meaningless since time is a attribute of the universe and God exists outside of it." The equivalent answer applies to the Big Bang.
English is not my first language. Corrections and suggestions are welcome.
You know, what I've often asked myself is, "What was there before the Big Bang?"
Nothing. As accepted, currently, time began with the Big Bang, so there was no before the Big Bang.
I see your Electric Universe theory, and raise you a Time Cube.
To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
Well, let's say the question is premature. Before you can ask it, you have to determine whether the question itself is based on false assumptions. This kind of question is tricky because questions you *can* ask meaningfully have the same syntax as questions which are meaningless.
For example, you can ask "What is colder than 0 degrees C?", but you can't ask "What is colder than 0 degrees K?". One question is meaningful and the other is not.
So asking "What happened before the Big Bang?", entails two assumptions, namely (1) the Big Bang happened and (2) the scientific consensus on the Big Bang is fundamentally flawed. If the scientific consensus is correct, then it's like asking, "What's colder than 0 degrees K?" or "What's north of the North Pole?"
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