Slashdot Mirror


Signs of Subsurface 'Alien' Life Found In Antarctica

astroengine writes: An airborne survey of a presumably dry Antarctic valley revealed a stunning and unexpected interconnected subsurface briny aquifer deep beneath the frozen tundra, a finding that not only has implications for understanding extreme habitats for life on Earth, but the potential for life elsewhere in the solar system, particularly Mars. The briny liquid — about twice as salty as seawater — was discovered about 200 miles underground in a region known as Taylor Valley. The aquifer is widespread, extending from the Ross Sea's McMurdo Sound more than 11 miles into the eastern part of valley. A second system was found connecting Taylor Glacier with the ice-cover Lake Bonney. But the survey, which covered 114 square miles, may have just uncovered the proverbial tip of the iceberg.

106 comments

  1. I've seen 'The Thing' - I know what's next... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Seriously - don't dig those things up...

    1. Re:I've seen 'The Thing' - I know what's next... by ultranova · · Score: 3, Funny

      Seriously - don't dig those things up...

      Little chance of that: "200 miles underground". Unless the summary got meters and miles confused, but Slashdot editors wouldn't make such a mistake.

      --

      Forget magic. Any technology distinguishable from divine power is insufficiently advanced.

  2. 200 miles underground is really deep! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Damn, that's a deep hole.

    1. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by Shakrai · · Score: 5, Funny

      You even might be able to find Congress' popularity down there....

      --
      I want peace on earth and goodwill toward man.
      We are the United States Government! We don't do that sort of thing.
    2. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by Shooter6947 · · Score: 5, Informative

      far deeper in fact, than we've ever cored. That number must be wrong -- I'm guessing it should read 200m. It's in the original story, I know, but it just can't be right.

    3. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by jellomizer · · Score: 2

      I think it was suppose to be 200 meters.
      As the earths crust is only 30 miles thick.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    4. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by Rob+Bos · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Credulous writer interpreting "m" as miles would be my guess.

    5. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by rossdee · · Score: 2

      Yeah, you'd think it would be molten rock at that depth, unlikely for any life-as-we-know-it-Jim

    6. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That doesn't seem right, either. 200m is not very deep, especially for something that large in area. I wonder what they really meant to say.

    7. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by olsmeister · · Score: 5, Informative

      Yeah, 200m. Go to the source.

    8. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      far deeper in fact, than we've ever cored. That number must be wrong -- I'm guessing it should read 200m. It's in the original story, I know, but it just can't be right.

      It's worse than that. The origional article says 350m. 200 miles is about 350 kilometers, so I think they confused m and km and then converted to miles.

    9. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by Brett+Buck · · Score: 1

      The Russian hole drilling had to stop because it go so hot that the drill was losing its hardness - at around 9 miles! I agree that the is probably meters VS miles.

    10. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by jellomizer · · Score: 2

      Why bother converting it at all?
      Americans who have even a passing interests in real science knows about the metric system of measurement.
      Are able to do at least rough conversions enough to get the idea of scale.
      A Meter is about a Year.
      A Kilometer is about 6/10 of a mile.
      A Centimeter is about 1/2 inch

      For understanding science stories this level of rough accuracy is good enough for them to get an understanding of scale.
      Of course if you are using real science.
      A. You wouldn't use Discovery News as a source.
      B. You would think in terms of metric for all measurement.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    11. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by captjc · · Score: 3, Funny

      Yeah, that would be well into the mantle. As we all know, the only thing that can live there is the Mole People.

      --
      Slow Down Cowboy! It's been 1 hour, 47 minutes since you last successfully posted a comment
    12. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by NatasRevol · · Score: 3, Funny

      Somebody should tell him...

      --
      There are two types of people in the world: Those who crave closure
    13. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by gstoddart · · Score: 2

      A Meter is about a Year.

      Man, no wonder Americans can't figure out metric ... people like you keep confusing the crap out of them.

      And it's "metre" not "meter" .. another Americansism which is incorrect.

      --
      Lost at C:>. Found at C.
    14. Re: 200 miles underground is really deep! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A meter is about a year? How many parsecs is that? Can you give that to me in Kessel Run units?

    15. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by roc97007 · · Score: 4, Funny

      Somebody should tell him...

      Hey, I made the Kessel run in 12 parsecs...

      --
      Oliver's law of assumed responsibility: If you're seen fixing it, you will be blamed for breaking it.
    16. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by aardvarkjoe · · Score: 2

      A Meter is about a Year.

      With this conversion, I conclude that Han made the Kessell run in about 3.7x10^17 years. That doesn't sound too impressive after all.

      --

      How can we continue to believe in a just universe and freedom to eat crackers if we have no ale?
    17. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by roc97007 · · Score: 1, Offtopic

      I suspect it's yet another tragic autocorrect.

      And sonny, when you're in MY yard, it's "meter".

      --
      Oliver's law of assumed responsibility: If you're seen fixing it, you will be blamed for breaking it.
    18. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by gstoddart · · Score: 1

      OK, you cal lit meter, I'll call it Americow. :-P

      --
      Lost at C:>. Found at C.
    19. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually it is quite impressive, considering the age of the Universe.

    20. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by cellocgw · · Score: 1

      The Russian hole drilling had to stop because it go[t] so hot that the drill was losing its hardness

      Quite the opposite reaction to what most of our drills have. //smirk

      --
      https://app.box.com/WitthoftResume Code: https://github.com/cellocgw
    21. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by Paradise+Pete · · Score: 1

      another Americansism which is incorrect.

      You should give up on this notion of the "One True English." It varies around the world. The most common spoken version of English by far is bad English, used by people speaking it as a second or third language.

    22. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      From astrobio.net: "The scientists used SkyTEM , an airborne electromagnetic sensor, to detect and map otherwise inaccessible subterranean features. The system uses an antennae suspended beneath a helicopter to create a magnetic field that reveals the subsurface to a depth of about 1,000 feet.

    23. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by msauve · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Congress would certainly be more popular if they were all buried 200 miles below ground.

      --
      "National Security is the chief cause of national insecurity." - Celine's First Law
    24. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by FatLittleMonkey · · Score: 1

      He started a long time ago.

      --
      Science is all about firing a drunk pig out of a cannon just to see what happens.
    25. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by roc97007 · · Score: 2

      Really. You've lived long enough to learn to write somewhat articulately, and still don't understand about dialects and different spelling of words in different countries? Do you call all cultures not your own "ignorant"? Let's hope you don't have to deal with a global economy.

      --
      Oliver's law of assumed responsibility: If you're seen fixing it, you will be blamed for breaking it.
    26. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by anonymousJUGGERNAUT · · Score: 2

      No, the 350m mentioned in TFA is the depth limit of the detection system they were using, not the depth of the briny aquifer. For the depth of the brine, they say it's deeper than 100 meters: "Deep (>100m) low-resistivity zones that we interpret to represent brine-bearing materials were detected throughout the lower Taylor Valley subsurface."

    27. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In a galaxy far, far, away.

      Somebody had to finish it.

    28. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by BlackHawk-666 · · Score: 1

      How big were the meters they were using to measure the depth? Given that information we can know how deep 100 meters are. Alternatively, give us the depth in metres.

      --
      All those moments will be lost in time, like tears in rain.
    29. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by itzly · · Score: 1

      How big were the meters they were using to measure the depth?

      one meter.

    30. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by Gr8Apes · · Score: 0

      And it's "metre" not "meter" .. another Americansism which is incorrect.

      Do you pronounce it "ter" (tar with an e) or "tre" (tree with a short 'e')? My guess is the british just can't spell. ;)

      --
      The cesspool just got a check and balance.
    31. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by Applehu+Akbar · · Score: 1

      Fifty years ago in public high school (Norwalk, CA) we learned the metric system in full detail. The assumption in that pro-science era was that we would be converting to it in some value of momentarily.

    32. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by PPH · · Score: 1

      Thank you, timothy. Now can you just jump in it?

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
    33. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by james.mcarthur · · Score: 1

      Now, how big is that in Libraries of Congress?

    34. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by mjwx · · Score: 1

      A Meter is about a Year.

      Man, no wonder Americans can't figure out metric ... people like you keep confusing the crap out of them.

      And it's "metre" not "meter" .. another Americansism which is incorrect.

      This,

      A metre is a measurement, a meter is something you measure with.

      --
      Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
    35. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by quenda · · Score: 1

      Fifty years ago in public high school (Norwalk, CA) we learned the metric system in full detail.

      Thirty years ago we learned OSI networking, on the assumption that the awful clumsy hack that was TCP/IP would soon be replaced.
      Life is full of disappointment.

    36. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by dave420 · · Score: 2

      Every nation gets the government it deserves

      - Joseph de Maistre

    37. Re: 200 miles underground is really deep! by johnsnails · · Score: 1

      now thats deep

    38. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by t_ban · · Score: 1

      Makes me think - if Congress has negative popularity in USA, and zero popularity at location mentioned in TFA, then they are more popular in a subantarctic aquifer than in their home country.

      --
      First they ignore you. Then they laugh at you. Then they fight you. Then you win. -Gandhi
    39. Re: 200 miles underground is really deep! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I see what you did there! Props

    40. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Somebody should tell him...

      Hey, I made the Kessel run in 12 parsecs...

      Wow you took the really dangerous short cut! :)

    41. Re:200 miles underground is really deep! by eric_harris_76 · · Score: 1

      Challenge accepted!

      Who wants to go in halvers on a backhoe?

      --
      There's no time like the present. Well, the past used to be.
  3. Wait... by pushing-robot · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I remember this, and it ends with me being called an ugly bag of mostly water.

    --
    How can I believe you when you tell me what I don't want to hear?
  4. How is it 'alien' ? by itzly · · Score: 2

    The article doesn't reveal much about the type of life that is found, and why it is called 'alien'.

    1. Re:How is it 'alien' ? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The Old Ones are always referred to as 'alien'.

    2. Re:How is it 'alien' ? by NMBob · · Score: 1

      It's the GoT Children.

    3. Re:How is it 'alien' ? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Glad that I'm not the only one that found that annoying. I'm guessing by "alien," they just mean another extremophile with no (currently known) earthly ancestor, and not the extra-terrestrial variety.

    4. Re:How is it 'alien' ? by ColdWetDog · · Score: 1

      Because 'extremophile' is too hard to spell.

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
    5. Re: How is it 'alien' ? by Melbourne+Pete · · Score: 3

      It's called "clickbait".

    6. Re:How is it 'alien' ? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Thank you. I happen to be in the middle of reading At the Mountains of Madness, and I was wondering how long this would take.

    7. Re:How is it 'alien' ? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Alien does not mean extraterrestrial! So, be annoyed all you want.

    8. Re:How is it 'alien' ? by Woeful+Countenance · · Score: 1

      Worse even than that. The original article, Nature Communications (link somewhere below) only says they found anomalies in electrical resistance indicative of sub-surface lakes of briny water, "at temperatures well below freezing and considered within the range suitable for microbial life." No actual water seen, no actual life found. Nice innovative use of new technology, but evidently that isn't exciting enough.

    9. Re:How is it 'alien' ? by Livius · · Score: 1

      Well, they don't have Antarctican citizenship, do they?

    10. Re:How is it 'alien' ? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I never said it did. In fact I said quite the opposite. I was annoyed that they didn't specify what they meant by their claim that they found "alien life."

      So, what's your point again?

    11. Re:How is it 'alien' ? by Wycliffe · · Score: 2

      Here is another article that actually mentions the life found: http://www.livescience.com/506...

  5. Typo? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Is it possible that life was discovered 200 miles underground when the deepest drilling is only a few miles? Maybe it stretches for 200 miles or something. Earths temperature goes up 15 degrees F for every mile you go down. so at 200 miles down the temperature would be about 600 degrees F. Which would be very much out of the range of any other life.

  6. At Slashdot, we take things literally, so... by xxxJonBoyxxx · · Score: 1

    >> the survey, which covered 114 square miles, may have just uncovered the proverbial tip of the iceberg

    An iceberg is 90% submerged, so...the survey only covered 10% of the total area? Or found only 10% of the stuff? Or which 10%?

  7. A new standard by jpellino · · Score: 1

    for misleading headlines. Bravo. Not to mention wholesale copy-and-paste does not a /. article make.

    --
    "Win treats sysadmins better than users. Mac treats users better than sysadmins. Linux treats everyone like sysadmins."
    1. Re:A new standard by gstoddart · · Score: 1

      Not to mention wholesale copy-and-paste does not a /. article make.

      Oh, come now ... we can't suddenly start claiming that is true.

      Wholesale copy-and-paste, typos and all, have been staples of /. articles for a very long time now.

      --
      Lost at C:>. Found at C.
    2. Re:A new standard by Woeful+Countenance · · Score: 1

      Indeed. Headline: "Signs of Subsurface 'Alien' Life Found in Antarctica"

      Summary of actual article:

      Alien life? No

      Any kind of life? No

      Briny water? No

      Anomalies in electrical resistance? Yes. "We interpret these results as an indication that liquid, with sufficiently high solute content, exists at temperatures well below freezing and considered within the range suitable for microbial life. These inferred brines ...."

      But the original headline is much more click-bait-y than, you know, truth.

  8. Metres not Miles by OzPeter · · Score: 3, Informative
    --
    I am Slashdot. Are you Slashdot as well?
    1. Re:Metres not Miles by itzly · · Score: 2

      Hmm.. the original article only seems to claim that the underground water is suitable for life, not that it was found.

    2. Re:Metres not Miles by OzPeter · · Score: 1

      Hmm.. the original article only seems to claim that the underground water is suitable for life, not that it was found.

      Given the m vs m confusion, I don't find that all that surprising

      --
      I am Slashdot. Are you Slashdot as well?
    3. Re:Metres not Miles by Wycliffe · · Score: 1

      Hmm.. the original article only seems to claim that the underground water is suitable for life, not that it was found.

      Here is another source that does actually mention the type of life found: http://www.livescience.com/506...

  9. They found a temple! by Lumpy · · Score: 1

    They even already have a documentary about it out.

    http://www.imdb.com/title/tt03...

    --
    Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
    1. Re:They found a temple! by ckatko · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I find it very sad that you heard this story and thought "AvP" and not "The Thing." You officially need to watch more classic movies now.

    2. Re:They found a temple! by Guy+From+V · · Score: 1

      Beautiful movie.

    3. Re:They found a temple! by garyisabusyguy · · Score: 2

      I was thinking of a Lovecraft tale, At the Mountains of Madness
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A...

      It seems quite clear to me that each plant's 'briny solution' is the real intelligence on the planet, and we are just playthings for them

      --
      Wherever You Go, There You Are
    4. Re:They found a temple! by Gr8Apes · · Score: 1

      Or even "The Thaw", still far better than AvP.

      --
      The cesspool just got a check and balance.
    5. Re:They found a temple! by doas777 · · Score: 1

      see, I was thinking about X-Files: Fight the Future

  10. 200m? by slackoon · · Score: 2

    I found more information here: more information There is mention of 200m: "We believe the aquifer beneath Lake Vida is a remnant of a time when the water levels across [the valley] were much higher than present. Upwards of 200 meters higher,”. However, the instruments they were using were only capable of penetrating 600M so it's definately not 200 miles!!

    1. Re:200m? by mjm1231 · · Score: 1

      I'm willing to throw in with the anti-meter spelling police if they will band together and join me in purging the internet of definately.

      finite.definite.definitely.This has nothing to do with anyone named Nate.

      --
      Ideology: A tool used primarily to avoid the bother of thinking.
  11. Not Vostok by Guy+From+V · · Score: 1

    I was sure this was referencing life under Lake Vostok elsewhere on the continent, I just assumed it was until I saw Blood Falls mentioned.

  12. nice article with pics 350Meter depth not miles by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2015/150428/ncomms7831/full/ncomms7831.html

    enjoy

    near surface in my book

  13. Silly Americans and their "meter" by portforward · · Score: 4, Funny

    Silly Americans. "Metre" is of course the correct spelling. It rathre annoys me when they write it in that othre mannre. By the way, I love your leathre jacket. Just be careful though in rainy weathre - you might get watre stains.

    1. Re:Silly Americans and their "meter" by gstoddart · · Score: 0

      In all honesty, Americans don't get vote on how to spell a measurement they don't use.

      The meter of your diction isn't measured in metres.

      --
      Lost at C:>. Found at C.
    2. Re:Silly Americans and their "meter" by Em+Adespoton · · Score: 1

      Ah, but metres are used all over the place in the US. They're not the measure used by trade, but they ARE the measure used by science. This is why NASA ran into trouble: they're an organisation where science meets trade.

    3. Re:Silly Americans and their "meter" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Thank you John Crichton. Metre's are indeed a real unit of measurement. FARSCAPE http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0187636/

    4. Re:Silly Americans and their "meter" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Metre is the rhythm you use when speaking poetry.

  14. Should have used a better unit of length by tomhath · · Score: 1

    Call it 600f. Furlongs, no confusion.

  15. 'Alien' life? by tomhath · · Score: 3, Interesting

    They didn't find any life, just some really salty water. And I really doubt that any life they find there would be especially alien. Quite a leap to go from there to Mars.

    1. Re:'Alien' life? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not to mention that Antarctica used to be tropical and full of life and for many years had the opportunity for already existing life to adapt to harsh conditions instead of having to develop in them.

  16. Besides, it was French. by FatLittleMonkey · · Score: 1

    You should give up on this notion of the "One True English."

    What does this have to do with English? "Metre" is the name of the international standard unit of length. If you wish you refer to measurements in the international standard unit of length, you use the name "metre". This is regardless of the particular language or sub-language variant you are using at the time.

    --
    Science is all about firing a drunk pig out of a cannon just to see what happens.
    1. Re:Besides, it was French. by itzly · · Score: 1

      If you wish you refer to measurements in the international standard unit of length, you use the name "metre"

      SI standard units can also be expressed in your own language. In German, they say "Kilogramm" for instance.

    2. Re:Besides, it was French. by Em+Adespoton · · Score: 1

      And then of course there's Kb vs KiB -- the second is the SI standard, but the first is commonly used in its place (even though it really means something slightly different).

    3. Re:Besides, it was French. by Megol · · Score: 1

      kB (not Kb) if you are referring to 1000 bytes.

    4. Re:Besides, it was French. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      America: If we absolutely must use French words, then we'll at least use them wrong!

    5. Re:Besides, it was French. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You should give up on this notion of the "One True English."

      What does this have to do with English? "Metre" is the name of the international standard unit of length. If you wish you refer to measurements in the international standard unit of length, you use the name "metre". This is regardless of the particular language or sub-language variant you are using at the time.

      Uy, gracias, ahora sé que cuando digo "Metro" estoy diciendo una burrada. De ahora en más voy a decir "caminás 10 metres y llegás".

      Gracias.

    6. Re:Besides, it was French. by jrumney · · Score: 1

      Strange, I've never seen or heard of Kelvin bits being used in place of kibibytes.

    7. Re:Besides, it was French. by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      It's not that we don't know how to say fraunce, it's that it is called frAnce here.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
  17. uh, oh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    http://www.infinityplus.co.uk/...
    A Colder War

    "... The metal pier is dry and cold, the temperature hovering close to zero degrees Fahrenheit. It's oppressively dark in the cavern under the ice, and Roger shivers inside his multiple layers of insulation, shifts from foot to foot to keep warm. He has to swallow to keep his ears clear and he feels slightly dizzy from the pressure in the artificial bubble of air, pumped under the icy ceiling to allow humans to exist here, under the Ross Ice Shelf; they'll all spend more than a day sitting in depressurization chambers on the way back up to the surface.
    There is no sound from the waters lapping just below the edge of the pier. The floodlights vanish into the surface and keep going -- the water in the sub-surface Antarctic lake is incredibly clear -- but are swallowed up rapidly, giving an impression of infinite, inky depths.... ... They're waiting for the men in the midget sub drilling quietly through three miles of frigid water, intruders in a long-drowned tomb...."

  18. another perspective by micahraleigh · · Score: 1

    More like a "stunning and unexpected" way to interpret the finding ...

  19. All these planets are yours... by ItsJustAPseudonym · · Score: 1

    "...except Titan. Attempt no landings there."

    "P.S. Also Earth."

    1. Re:All these planets are yours... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not Titan. Europa.

  20. Quit sensationalizing by kuzb · · Score: 1

    Don't call this alien. It's not alien if it lives here. It's terrestrial.

    --
    BeauHD. Worst editor since kdawson.
    1. Re:Quit sensationalizing by mjm1231 · · Score: 2

      So you're saying there are no illegal aliens in the US?

      --
      Ideology: A tool used primarily to avoid the bother of thinking.
    2. Re:Quit sensationalizing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      well from a certain perspective EVERYONE in the US is an illegal alien

  21. Water found at X, may mean life at Y! Come on... by Irate+Engineer · · Score: 1

    The endless cascade of statements "Water found on Mars/Underground/Europa, etc, *might* mean life exists or existed there" is getting really annoying. Water, even liquid water, does not seem to be a rarity anymore. It may not even be a qualifier for life. Can we actually start looking for life, please?

    Mars apparently had liquid water on the surface and may have liquid water underground now. Curiosity has detected methane outgasings and organics in the soils of Mars. Can we put a shovel in the ground, put some slides under a microscope and see if there are any critters in it?

    --

    Left MS Windows for Linux Mint and never looked back!

    Vote for Bernie in 2016!

  22. Oh lord... by Chris+Mattern · · Score: 1

    Tekeli-li! Tekeli-li!

  23. Cthullhu fhtagn by J053 · · Score: 1

    Ph'nglui mglw'nafh Cthulhu R'lyeh wgah'nagl fhtagn

    1. Re:Cthullhu fhtagn by TeknoHog · · Score: 1

      Don't worry, it'll pass. I'd probably catch a cold too, if I spent all that time under Antarctic ice.

      --
      Escher was the first MC and Giger invented the HR department.
  24. I knew it... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Mulder and Scully were right!!!

  25. 200 hundred miles is it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    At 200 miles we are into the mantle. Any water there would be dissolved into semi soft incandescent rock...clearly it was supposed to be stated as maybe 200 metres or feet (if the discovery was written for the science illiterate who still use such measurements.) I suggest 200 metres sounds highly plausible.