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Uber Drivers Are Employees, Not Contractors, Says California Labor Commission

siddesu writes: The California Labor Commission has ruled Uber drivers are employees and not independent contractors. The ruling has serious implications for Uber's business model, since it will now be required to offer its drivers benefits that meet the requirements of the Californian labor laws. "Uber had argued that its drivers are independent contractors, not employees, and that it is "nothing more than a neutral technology platform." But the commission said Uber controls the tools driver use, monitors their approval ratings and terminates their access to the system if their ratings fall below 4.6 stars." Uber has previously suspended drivers for registering their cars as commercial vehicles.

12 of 346 comments (clear)

  1. Business model? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Be a cab company and claim not to be.

    Violate the law about cabs and pretend they don't apply to you.

    Generally be a bunch of self-entitled assholes who think they magically get to decide what laws apply to them.

    Act like whiny fucking spoiled children when the world doesn't see it your way.

    Fuck Uber. The assholes who own it are just delusional dicks.

    1. Re:Business model? by iluvcapra · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Well, road capacity isn't an unlimited resource, and it'd be difficult for the city to set a price for road access in such a way that made sure taxi operators were paying for the congestion they were causing while at the same time protected the incumbent homeowner's rights to street access for free. If we're just going to say up front that if you want streets that are passable you'd better pay up the nose for it, that'd make Manhattan effectively unlivable except for the very, very rich, even worse than now.

      You can't let "natural" forces limit how may taxis are on the road, it'd be constant deadlock because the road is a commons. If you only want so many taxis passing in and out of the city at any one time you either have to set up medallions, or a congestion charge, or a per mile charge or any number of complicated solutions that have to take into account incumbent stakeholder's proprietary interests.

      And yeah the medallion system is a "mistake" in the sense that it's inefficient, it might not be a Pareto-optimal economic solution, and it definitely encourages rentierism, but it was a practical solution that was the most politically feasible at the time. If we're saying we value democratic institutions, a strong city government, the rule of law, and stable consensus among powerful interests, medallions are the perfect solution. On the one side you've got guys who want to run taxis, who think it's their right to run a taxi wherever they please whenever, charge whatever they want and run their cab in whatever way they please, and on the other you've got people who live in a city that don't want their roads clogged with taxis picking up fares, who want the taxis all to follow the same rules, charge predictable prices and be safe. Both of these people have to share a city, they resolve these disputes with politics.

      I don't know about this general line of argument as it pertains to NY taxis, since NY taxis are pretty good and Uber doesn't have much on them. It makes a lot more sense in places like, say, Los Angeles or the midwest where taxi service is terrible, but then again taxis in many of these parts of the country don't implement hack medallions.

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      Don't blame me, I voted for Baltar.
    2. Re:Business model? by iluvcapra · · Score: 5, Informative

      If you give people something for free they'll strip it to the bone. In a market for something like taxi fares there are also weird paradoxical effects: when there are fewer fares taxi drivers actually work longer because they have to spend to looking for street hails.

      Historically NY in the 1930s had three times the number of taxis on the road as they do now, I can't even imagine. Price competition drove rates below the cost of the ride, the drivers were a public hazard and in the late depression, even after the medallion ordinance, a lot of cabbies just let their hack licenses expire due to lack of fares. The NY pre-medallion taxi business was a classic market failure. The medallion system was actually a significant mitigation from the original plan of just monopolizing the taxi system in NY as had been done, with a great deal of success, to the subway system. Fewer fares can actually increase the number of cabs on the street and their overall threat to traffic and public order.

      I personally think, on a strictly laissez-faire basis, taxis probably aren't economically sustainable (nor are Ubers), but the city keeps them alive because New Yorkers place cultural value in not owning a car and living on Manhattan island, so as long as the citizens of that city value these things, the rules will persist, and they'll gladly live with the persisting levels of inefficiency, the costs and the corruption.

      A somewhat deeper problem is regarding something like the market for taxis as a "natural" phenomenon when in fact it's completely man-made, technological, and determined by various fiats and cultural constructs. And even then we're left with the problem that just because something is natural this does not mean that it is good or desirable...

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      Don't blame me, I voted for Baltar.
  2. Ruling Appears More Limited Than Headline Suggests by ranton · · Score: 5, Informative

    Here is an update to this ruling found in another article:

    Update: Uber pointed out that the ruling only applies to one driver. “Reuters’ original headline was not accurate. The California Labor Commission’s ruling is non-binding and applies to a single driver,” a spokesperson said. “Indeed it is contrary to a previous ruling by the same commission, which concluded in 2012 that the driver ‘performed services as an independent contractor, and not as a bona fide employee.’ Five other states have also come to the same conclusion. It’s important to remember that the number one reason drivers choose to use Uber is because they have complete flexibility and control. The majority of them can and do choose to earn their living from multiple sources, including other ride sharing companies.”

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    -- All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing. -- Edmund Burke
  3. So let me get this straight.... by roc97007 · · Score: 5, Funny

    Does this mean by extension that the "bloggers" who contribute to the Huffington Post are employees?

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    Oliver's law of assumed responsibility: If you're seen fixing it, you will be blamed for breaking it.
  4. WTF???? by gstoddart · · Score: 5, Insightful

    That could affect its valuation, currently above $40 billion

    What delusional, drunken moneys could possibly claim Uber is worth $40 freaking billion dollars? What's that, like 4 centuries worth of projected income?

    Who the hell makes up these stupid valuations?

    They have an app, and a staunch belief they're exempt form laws.

    But $40 billions dollars? That's complete fantasy that is. Real corporations with real assets and real income might be worth that.

    Holy .com level of overvalued companies.

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    Lost at C:>. Found at C.
  5. Re:Uber doesn't own the vehicles, correct? by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 5, Insightful

    If each employee owns their own vehicle then they should be contractors.

    Owning your own equipment is just one of many criteria, and is not enough by itself to make you a contractor. Other considerations:
    - Is there a written contract?
    - Do you set your own hours?
    - Do you also work for other contractees?
    - Do you set your own prices?
    - Do you have leeway to decide how and in what order you complete tasks?
    - Are expenses reimbursed?
    - Does the contractee/employer provide training?
    - Can you quit at any time without liability? Contractors ususally have a legal obligation to complete their contract.
    There are just some of the criteria, and there is no magic number that have to be met. It is subjective. But the more the better. The bottom line is if you want to treat someone as a contractor for tax purposes, you also have to treat them as a contractor for work purposes as well.

  6. Re:Uber doesn't own the vehicles, correct? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    When you do a construction project, you contract several roles out usually.

    When you do you often:

    1) Dictate the materials they must use
    2) In some way the tools they must use
    3) You can get rid of them if they fail to meet your quality standard

    How does construction work in California?

    Also under the definition that they appear to have given, people who sell on Amazon and Ebay are employees.

    1) You have to use their tool (ebay or amazon)
    2) Payment goes to amazon and they pass on their cut
    3) You have to follow their terms and rules
    4) They monitor their approval rating

    This appears to be exactly the way Uber operates.
    Uber and Amazon both control the platform.
    The drivers or sellers must follow their terms and rules.
    They both monitor feedback and can in some ways offer economic punishment (suspension of service, etc)

    Am I missing something here?

  7. Re:Uber doesn't own the vehicles, correct? by NicBenjamin · · Score: 5, Informative

    Yup.

    You;re confusing yourself with details.

    The difference between a contractor and an employee is that more of an employee's decisions are made by his boss. Uber controls the vehicles it's drivers use, including specific banning specific makes, insisting of specific models, not allowing older model years, and colors. They have to use a smartphone with a supported app.

    OTOH, a contractor could show up at your house with hand tools he'd borrowed from his Amish buddy, a brand-new consumer-grade drill, or a 25-year-old commercial grade Dewalt. Since he's a contractor, and you're smart enough to have put time limits in the written contract, you don't give a shit which of the three options he chose, you just give a shit whether he can finish the damn job. n many cases you're out of the house, so he could work a 24-hour shift and then take two days off if he wanted. He controls how he works, therefore he's a contractor and an independent businessman.

    Same with eBay or Amazon. All they require is internet access with a newish web browser. Other then that you can do whatever the fuck you want. Their sellers could work at 3 AM naked. They could work 9-5 in business suits. They could work 4 AM to 5:30 AM in the uniform of the Royal Hussars. They have 100% control of their actual work conditions, thus they are also independent businessmen and contractors.

    OTOH, driving at any level for Uber requires a relatively recent (post-2000) car, bans a specific model (the Crown Victoria), and higher levels specify shit like the color of the car and what the seats are made of. Uber will yell at you if you get the more expensive commercial vehicle registration.

    So Uber drivers have some pretty significant control over their jobs (for example: there's dress code), but a lot less control then actual contractors or the folks who sell on eBay.

  8. Re:Uber doesn't own the vehicles, correct? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    In many cases a subcontractor designation is just a way to avoid paying benefits, half of social security tax, and workmens' comp. The role of "consultant" is often in that category. It's a high-status name for a lackey with no benefits.

    As a renovation contractor my subs are very clearly defined in Federal tax law: They must have their own business, with their own tools and vehicle. I'm not allowed to hire someone as a contractor simply because they agree to work without benefits. Uber drivers have their own vehicle, but not their own business. Nor are they in a position to negotiate a contract with Uber, which is what a sub would do.

  9. Re:California by Minwee · · Score: 5, Funny

    Almonds should be grown somewhere else where water is available.

    Which is why Uber drivers are considered employees instead of contractors.

  10. Re:California by rogoshen1 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Dear Californians,

    Please stay in California. Do not listen to parent.

    Signed,

    Concerned in Oregon