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SpaceX Breaks Down Its Rocket Landing Attempts

An anonymous reader writes: Twice now, SpaceX has attempted to land one of its rockets on a barge in the ocean after it delivered a payload to orbit. Each attempt came very close, and provided some fascinating imagery. In a new post on their website, SpaceX explains where they're at with rocket landing technology, and what went wrong with the earlier trials: "That controlled descent was successful, but about 10 seconds before landing, a valve controlling the rocket's engine power (thrust) temporarily stopped responding to commands as quickly as it should have. As a result, it throttled down a few seconds later than commanded, and—with the rocket weighing about 67,000 lbs and traveling nearly 200 mph at this point—a few seconds can be a very long time. With the throttle essentially stuck on 'high' and the engine firing longer than it was supposed to, the vehicle temporarily lost control and was unable to recover in time for landing, eventually tipping over." They believe they've solved the issues that cropped up in the earlier tests, and they're looking forward to the next attempt, which will happen on Sunday if the weather cooperates.

72 comments

  1. Kong Fristy the First! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Space X break a lot of rockets while landing.

    1. Re:Kong Fristy the First! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      * infinitely fewer than NASA, who broke them all ;p

    2. Re: Kong Fristy the First! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Except the Shuttles and their SRBs, which were refurbished and reused at great cost.

    3. Re: Kong Fristy the First! by ArmoredDragon · · Score: 1

      The shuttle wasn't a rocket, rather it was the rocket's payload.

    4. Re: Kong Fristy the First! by beelsebob · · Score: 1

      To be fair, the shuttle *does* have rocket motors that propel it. Ofc, it's still incomplete, it lacks the fuel tanks, and enough motors to get it to orbit on its own.

    5. Re: Kong Fristy the First! by dunkelfalke · · Score: 1

      Of course it was a rocket. The main engine was inside it. Buran was just a payload on Energia, but the Shuttle was most certainly a rocket strapped to a fuel tank and two additional boosters.

      --
      "It's such a fine line between stupid and clever" -- David St. Hubbins, Spinal Tap
  2. Java? by Rinikusu · · Score: 5, Funny

    I just got an image of them using Java as their primary control language and the gc decided to collect at the last moment...

    --
    If you were me, you'd be good lookin'. - six string samurai
    1. Re:Java? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Nah they use C++. Nice try though.

    2. Re:Java? by penguinoid · · Score: 4, Funny

      Garbage collectors are one of the most dangerous job on the planet, largely due to the risk of a fatal crash. I imagine it's even worse if you haven't had your morning Java.

      --
      Don't waste your vote! Vote for whoever you want, unless you live in a swing state it won't matter anyways
    3. Re:Java? by recharged95 · · Score: 1

      They can always use Java-RT, which you control when gc occurs.

      Makes for a powerful/flexible s/w platform

  3. Kudos to them by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Motion control is as much an art as a science, and PID loops can be a bitch to tune on the bench, I'm not in the least bit surprised they dented a few rockets trying to get this stuff to work reliably. Keep trying and keep posting video of a spectacular fuckups.

    1. Re:Kudos to them by thinkwaitfast · · Score: 2

      The tuning is science, no art involved. /My degree was in digital control loops and worked on rockets.

    2. Re:Kudos to them by Stripe7 · · Score: 1

      I will be watching and hoping for success! Kudo's to them for developing this tech.

    3. Re:Kudos to them by Brett+Buck · · Score: 1

      Only the rankest of hacks "tune" their control laws in the sense you are talking about. You design and analyze the system to meet the necessary requirements, and if you do it correctly and the hardware performs, there is no real doubt whether it will work or not.

             

  4. In technical terms... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The whatchamacallit came away from the doohickey and the widget fell into it. From that point it got all fucked up.

    1. Re: In technical terms... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      "... and they look like amateurs"

      Are you KIDDING! Have you seen the videos? What they did with those rockets already is freaking incredible, even if the last bit was a giant explosion. People who attack them with comments like that because they didn't get it perfect the first few times amaze me.

  5. obligatory by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Fuck yeah science

    1. Re:obligatory by beelsebob · · Score: 1

      No, fuck yeh engineering!

  6. Title icons a bit obnoxious by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    FFS, get those damn icons off the friggin artical title!

    1. Re:Title icons a bit obnoxious by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This seems to work pretty well for me:

      https://userstyles.org/styles/...

  7. Since they are on the ocean... by NMBob · · Score: 2

    Why don't they just build a big net on the barge? If it doesn't land straight up and down, or if it falls over it won't matter. And if the rocket thing doesn't work out maybe they can still catch some nice tuna.

    1. Re:Since they are on the ocean... by cjameshuff · · Score: 3, Informative

      Rockets are fragile, they can't take much mistreatment. A net would at most catch some debris...they don't want debris, they want a rocket. And in normal operation, they should be able to soft land upright on the platform, so a net would be an unnecessary complication in the best case...in the worst case, the net system gets in the way and causes a landing failure.

    2. Re:Since they are on the ocean... by Kjella · · Score: 1

      Have you seen the footage where it falls over? Then it hits hard, the remaining fuel sparks and it goes boom way past recovering anything but scrap metal. If they want something that's worth salvaging, it has to land smooth. Also the net wouldn't really help with the first 99%.

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
    3. Re:Since they are on the ocean... by TechnoCore · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Musk has said he wants to do it in style. I think what he means is that if they cannot prove they can do it perfectly, then USAF, and FFA won't allow them to land on land, which is the ultimate goal. Since barge landing will always be dependent on weather. Also, the first stage is much like a soda can. Very very thin aluminum. If it falls on something, or there is a small chance it has been damaged in any way, refurbish costs would become expensive. What he wants is to drive down launch costs, and to do that, just make it work perfectly.

    4. Re:Since they are on the ocean... by NMBob · · Score: 1

      Oh, right...wanting to land on land part. Now it makes sense.

  8. Not the best title by neminem · · Score: 2

    SpaceX Breaks Down... (crap, what happened now?)

    its rocket landing attempts. Ah, alright then, never mind. Got me worried for nothing.

    1. Re:Not the best title by RicktheBrick · · Score: 1

      Why is is that after more than fifty years of progress, the United States is taking more time to put humans into orbit than it took to go to the moon? I would think that our ability to put humans in the ISS would be a far greater priority than saving the first stage of an unmanned launch.

    2. Re:Not the best title by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why is is that after more than fifty years of progress, the United States is taking more time to put humans into orbit than it took to go to the moon?

      Because as far as space exploration goes the penis size comparison phase has ran its course and things like reliability, safety and efficiency have taken over.

    3. Re:Not the best title by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why is is that after more than fifty years of progress, the United States is taking more time to put humans into orbit than it took to go to the moon?

      Because as far as space exploration goes the penis size comparison phase has ran its course and things like reliability, safety and efficiency have taken over.

      Also, nobody in charge really cares.

    4. Re:Not the best title by CrimsonAvenger · · Score: 1

      Why is is that after more than fifty years of progress, the United States is taking more time to put humans into orbit than it took to go to the moon?

      Two reasons, really.

      1) We spent money like water on the moon race.

      2) We really don't care about putting men in space these days.

      Okay, 3 reasons:

      3) Two shuttles full of dead people in a risk-averse society. We've gotten so we get panicky when people die, especially when they do it on TV. So we're insisting on an insane level of perfection for putting people up. Hell, Dragon could've been putting people up for a couple years now, if it weren't for NASA's "man-rating" standards....

      --

      "I do not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it"
    5. Re:Not the best title by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      All of that, and the Moon race was political cover for researching high-payload ICBMs.

  9. CAPTURED @ LAST by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    On the run for what seemed like decades, the infamous D.B. Cooper has been captured. He was mortally wound in the capture, and his body was eaten by wolves before the remains could be gathered by local LEO.

  10. Brilliant marketing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    This is a genius stroke of marketing. Rocket launches are nothing special anymore (besides figuring which of the next three next Russian launches will fail due to incompetence). By focusing on the part of the launch that is wholly inconsequential, people pay them far more attention than they would for an otherwise uninteresting successful launch.

    1. Re:Brilliant marketing by 605dave · · Score: 1

      Did you even read what they wrote? Reusing a rocket would have enormous economic advantages. This is hardly a publicity stunt.

      --
      Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a difficult battle. - Plato
    2. Re:Brilliant marketing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Surely you aren't that dense. Yes, there is a economic incentive to reusability -- enough so that it would be a significant competitive advantage over Orbital, ILS, Sea Launch, the French etc. So why put your "special sauce" online for the world (including your competitors with product in development) to see unless you derive some benefit? Warm and Fuzzies with a group of techies sitting in their mother's basements isn't sufficient reasoning.

    3. Re:Brilliant marketing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, I think he is right. Everybody loves a horse race, even if it a horse race with technology.
      Having a couple of failures makes the public appreciate a success.
      Great marketing.

      But of course, it is more than this if it drops the cost of boosters by a decimal point.
      The rest of the booster industry must be interested in how this turns out.
      At some point they will either have to change their game or be watching from the sideline.

      'Stick' is another nice maketing choice.
      I still think that landing should be a gradual process transitioning control from the bird to the pad.
      A gymnist sticks a landing without thrusters.
      A rocket may transition to resting on legs by gradually reducing the thrust.
      If they can pull it off reliably, then this redefined 'stick' seems a great way to describe it.

      So, how much do you have to pay to play^H^H^H^H work there?

    4. Re:Brilliant marketing by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 1

      Dude, you just got trolled by a guy stuck working for ULA. Just tell him to ratchet up the 401(k) contributions and go back to his expensive, late, old-tech rockets.

      --
      My God, it's Full of Source!
      OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
    5. Re:Brilliant marketing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What statistics and hard facts can you provide for that assertion? How much money exactly will be saved by adding all this weight to just the first stage?

    6. Re:Brilliant marketing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The entire cost of checking and cleaning out the booster after being dunked in corrosive salt water.

  11. Alternative uses for this software by preaction · · Score: 1

    If this software can bring down a rocket safely, could it bring down a plane safely? Could completely self-fly planes be in the wings?

    1. Re:Alternative uses for this software by Fire_Wraith · · Score: 1

      That's old hat. It's already been done, and what's more, they've landed them on an aircraft carrier:

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

    2. Re:Alternative uses for this software by mea_culpa · · Score: 1

      Planes have been flying and landing themselves for decades now. Pilots are there to transition the flight from one automated task to another depending on conditions and instructions from control centers and towers. They are also a backup in case of system failure. A modern airline pilot probably manually controls the aircraft for less than 1% of any given flight but really doesn't have to. He can instruct the flight computer to do all of these tasks if he wishes. Depending on the airline, pilots are required to make manual landings from time to time to keep their skills sharp. The Korean Air disaster in SFO last year was the result of a new pilot manually landing a craft for the first time at an airport unfamiliar to him (he had done only automatic landings prior to this). Automated landing was not possible due to the ILS system at SFO being down for construction at the time. This is a sad side affect of too much automation and little training.

      Military drones are already capable of doing this completely autonomously. Smaller surveillance drones are doing the same and it won't be long before you start seeing these things hovering around your local mall. The software exists, but the cost to implement it and risks associated with it is still too high for commercial flight in a short amount of time. It will happen eventually.

    3. Re:Alternative uses for this software by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Done long ago.

      The original 747 was the first commercial aircraft that could land automatically.

      It turned out this has its own problems: dropping 175 tons on the exact same place on the runway
      every time is very hard on runways, even properly bedded concrete runways 4' thick. So the
      landing systems now deliberately vary the landing location.

    4. Re:Alternative uses for this software by preaction · · Score: 1

      The article says "semi-autonomous operation", not "fully autonomous".

    5. Re:Alternative uses for this software by preaction · · Score: 1

      Using human pilots to "transition the flight from one automated task to another" is not self-flying, and the person above you linked the NG X-47B which is only capable of semi-autonomous flight.

    6. Re: Alternative uses for this software by madenglishbloke · · Score: 1

      The Boeing 747 was still on the drawing board when the Hawker Siddelly HS121 Trident was routinely doing Autoland inns on BEA's European network. When the Trident was replaced with the Boeing 757 in the 80's, Boeing couldn't understand British Airways insistence on Autoland capability, as there were only 3 runways in the US capable of it - compare this with the 12 runways on BEA's domestic network, and the 30+ on their European routes.

  12. Trust us, we know what's best by Impy+the+Impiuos+Imp · · Score: 1

    > but about 10 seconds before landing, a valve controlling the rocket's engine
    > power (thrust) temporarily stopped responding to commands as quickly as it should have.

    "The OS support engineers at Microsoft still maintain we are not one of the very few applications that really need true real time."

    --
    (-1: Post disagrees with my already-settled worldview) is not a valid mod option.
  13. Falcon Heavy will land 3 boosters per mission by frank249 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Check out this video of Falcon Heavy. They plan to land and reuse all 3 boosters at the landing site they have leased at the Kennedy Space Centre. Saving 9 engines from a Falcon 9 is a considerable savings but saving all 27 engines from a Falcon Heavy launch would bring the cost per kg down to perhaps $100.

    --

    Today's vices may be tomorrow's virtues.

    1. Re:Falcon Heavy will land 3 boosters per mission by cjameshuff · · Score: 1

      The video has them all landing together largely for dramatic effect (or to avoid modeling an ASDS). For most real launches, the center core will be much too far downrange and moving too fast to return to the launch site, and will have to land on an ASDS positioned out at sea. The smaller side pads are intended as fallbacks in case the center pad is unreachable or otherwise out of commission. They'll probably use two ASDSs for the center and one side core until they get a second land-based landing site constructed.

  14. SO for the US back to tried and tested by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    space technology then - Trampolines!

  15. ? Landing on a barge? by djconsultingmeister · · Score: 1

    Could somebody explain the reasoning for this? Landing on the ground would make more sense to my limited knowledge. Thanks

    --
    CrazyOldMan
    1. Re:? Landing on a barge? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wanted to ask the same question... Probably not many friendly countries are in the path.

    2. Re:? Landing on a barge? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      the explosions while they are still figuring out the issues are much easier to clean up for now.
      Once they have the technology worked out, then it'll be on land.

    3. Re:? Landing on a barge? by gstoddart · · Score: 1

      There's probably fewer things to worry about blowing up or catching fire out in the ocean.

      You know, someone could get poked in the eye otherwise. ;-)

      --
      Lost at C:>. Found at C.
    4. Re:? Landing on a barge? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Could somebody explain the reasoning for this? Landing on the ground would make more sense to my limited knowledge.
      Thanks

      This is just the testing phase, so they're landing out to sea where they don't crash and burn on top of people and buildings.

      As soon as they decide it's safe enough, they'll land on land where the boosters can be trucked back to the launch pad.

    5. Re:? Landing on a barge? by KGIII · · Score: 1

      It's all exploding fauna and flames until someone pokes an eye out.

      --
      "So long and thanks for all the fish."
  16. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 1

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  17. Fine, I'll explain again by cbhacking · · Score: 4, Informative

    I'm going to assume you've been doing the /. equivalent of living under a rock, since this question comes up (and gets answered) every single time this topic is discussed, and that's a lot. But what the hell...

    Landing on solid ground is, generally, preferable. However, unlike the ocean where you can tell all the boats to get out of a safety zone, land has these inconvenient things like buildings and infrastructure that can't simply be told to stay away for their own safety. Until it was clear how precisely SpaceX could bring the rocket down - and remember, we're talking about something returning from the edge of space, at supersonic speeds, with barely any fuel remaining, in a maneuver that had never been attempted before - it would have been foolish to bring the rocket down anywhere near any inhabited regions. Given the geography around the launch sites they use, that means the ocean is the best bet by far.

    Also, sometimes they may not have a choice. The rocket *really* doesn't have a lot of fuel left as it returns, and it's going really, really fast in a direction that is decidedly away from the launch site (but not fast enough to make it all the way around the world, or the second stage wouldn't be needed to actually achieve orbital velocity). SpaceX pulls a lot of cool tricks to guide the rocket's return, like using the stage as a lifting surface (with a truly abysmal lift/drag ratio, I assume, but they're also trying to scrub speed) while controlling it with little folding grid fins (which are quite effective at those speeds). However, at the end of the day, even Falcon 9 may not have the fuel margin to return to the spaceport after launches even though it has enough fuel to launch *somewhere*. The center core of the Falcon Heavy - which flies for much longer than the F9 first stage - will be much too far downrange to boost back to the spaceport in most cases. Thus, for FH's center core, the barge may be the only landing option. Landing on a ship may be harder than landing at a conventional spaceport, but the ship can be almost anywhere there's ocean, while land-based spaceports are not noted for their mobility.

    Now, with all that said, the goal is to, eventually, be able to land at the spaceport. The next F9 launch after this one will, according to a cool site called SpaceX Stats, attempt to return to the launch site and land there. This presumably demonstrates that SpaceX has been found to have sufficient precision in the first-stage landing attempts so far for it to be safe to land near people and expensive buildings. I wish them the very best of luck!

    --
    There's no place I could be, since I've found Serenity...
    1. Re: Fine, I'll explain again by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What about in the middle of the desert? There must be stretches in the middle of America which are uninhabited for plenty of distance around?

    2. Re: Fine, I'll explain again by cbhacking · · Score: 1

      Not in line with any of SpaceX's launch sites, I think. You could probably find some suitable sites that are reachable on certain launch trajectories, but for most launches that would be a pretty huge diversion. Also, the desert may be clear but the coastlines are generally not, and - at least for the first launches - I think the goal was to avoid having the first stage do its boostback burn towards *anything* inhabited, even if it was expected to fly over the inhabited region a few miles up. That's just a guess though.

      --
      There's no place I could be, since I've found Serenity...
  18. Re:NIGGERS by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It's nigro, dammit.

  19. What I don't get ... by Grismar · · Score: 1

    ... is why they insist on trying to land it on its feet. It's not like it's going to be taking off seconds after. Why not land it in a material or construction that can take a hit and not care so much about whether it is perfectly upright at the last seconds? It almost looks like Hollywood putting rocket shoes on their stuntmen, instead of having them land in a net, on cardboard boxes or a nice air cushion...

    1. Re:What I don't get ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Because rockets are fragile.

      The Falcon 9 is not a steel drainpipe, it's much closer to a thin-walled aluminum balloon the size of a 12-story building filled with explosive gases. If it falls over, it breaks then blows up. Doesn't matter if it falls over in a net or onto an air cushion, it still breaks.

  20. *sigh* by DerekLyons · · Score: 1

    Saving 9 engines from a Falcon 9 is a considerable savings but saving all 27 engines from a Falcon Heavy launch would bring the cost per kg down to perhaps $100.

    Slashdot is filled (at least theoretically) with smart people... so why do I have to keep explaining this?

    It's virtually impossible to determine how much recovery will bring down the costs of launch because we don't know how much it will cost to refurbish the recovered vehicle. Certainly it will be cheaper than building a new one, but how much cheaper is impossible to predict... especially in the beginning with zero experience.

    The case with the Shuttle is instructive... it took dozens of flights to go from removing and dismantling the SSME's after every flight to only removing them for inspection every third to fifth flight and only dismantling them for cause. (And they were on the second or third block of engines by the time they reached that point.)

    Falcon has the additional problem of figuring out how to inspect and re-certify the tank.

    1. Re:*sigh* by frank249 · · Score: 1

      'It's virtually impossible to determine how much recovery will bring down the costs of launch because we don't know how much it will cost to refurbish the recovered vehicle. Certainly it will be cheaper than building a new one, but how much cheaper is impossible to predict... especially in the beginning with zero experience.'

      I am going by what SpaceX themselves have estimated.Reusable Falcon 9 Would Cost $5 to $7 Million Per Launch. 13,000kg to LEO at that price is $500/kg or $209/lb. Falcon Heavy's payload is 53,000 kgs.

      SpaceX has stated that in order to achieve the full economic benefit of the reusable technology, it is necessary that the reuse be both rapid and complete—without the long and costly refurbishment period or partially reusable design that plagued earlier attempts at reusable launch vehicles. SpaceX has been explicit that the "huge potential to open up space flight" is dependent on achieving both complete and rapid reusability. CEO Musk has publicly stated that success with the technology development effort could reduce "the cost of spaceflight by a factor of 100" because the cost of the propellant/oxidizer on the Falcon 9 is only 0.3 percent of the total cost of the vehicle.

      And yes they did learn much from the shuttle program. They plan to inspect, refuel and relaunch in a matter of days so those costs will be minimal. Remember the boosters are not going into space nor the stress of reentry.

      --

      Today's vices may be tomorrow's virtues.

  21. Re:NIGGERS by rpstrong · · Score: 1
  22. Experiencing A Significant Gravitas Shortfall by Yggdrasil42 · · Score: 1

    I love that they found time to name the drone ships in true Iain M. Banks' Culture style: “Just Read the Instructions” & “Of Course I Still Love You”

  23. Reality versus religion. by DerekLyons · · Score: 1

    That sound you heard was my point zooming over your head.

    I am going by what SpaceX themselves have estimated.

    Estimates are not reality - even if you do have the experience to base your estimate on. Experience SpaceX lacks.

    They plan to inspect, refuel and relaunch in a matter of days so those costs will be minimal.

    Plans are not reality. See above about experience.

    Remember the boosters are not going into space nor the stress of reentry.

    You say that as if it's relevant. It's not. The structure is still highly stressed and the engines still run at full power. These things matter.

    SpaceX has stated that in order to achieve the full economic benefit of the reusable technology, it is necessary that the reuse be both rapid and complete

    That falls under the category of "no shit Sherlock". Anyone who has actually studied the issue knows this. That's why NASA was trying for a week turnaround back in the 1970's.