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"Happy Birthday" Hits Sour Notes When It Comes To Song's Free Use

vivaoporto writes: NPR reports that "Happy Birthday to You", one of the most recognized songs in the English language, is the subject of a class action complaint over the validity of its copyright. The publisher Warner/Chappell Music owns the copyright to the "Happy Birthday" song and anyone who wants to use the song must pay a licensing fee. How did Warner/Chappell get the rights? "This is where it gets complicated," says Jennifer Nelson. She is working on a documentary about the song and paid for the rights to use it. Now she's suing Warner/Chappell to get her money back, arguing it's part of the public domain. "I think it's going to set a precedent for this song and other songs that may be claimed to be under copyright, which aren't," says Newman. The Courthouse News Service have more information about the pending suit.

43 of 178 comments (clear)

  1. A better solution by Krishnoid · · Score: 3, Funny
    1. Pay songwriter to compose alternative song
    2. Record song
    3. Release recording with a Creative Commons license
    4. Send postcards to every restaurant in the country, letting them know it's free to perform and encouraging them to sing it
    5. ?
    6. Profit!
    1. Re:A better solution by Daemonik · · Score: 3, Informative

      ..the a large copyright aggregator like Rumblefish comes along, claims over and over again that they own the rights getting your accounts suspended while they rake off a profit from their own monetization of said music.

    2. Re:A better solution by hawguy · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Admittedly, I can be daft... so forgive me and please enlighten me...

      EXPENSES:
      >> Pay songwriter to compose
      >> Record
      >> Send postcards

      INCOME:
      >> it's free

      BUSINESS MODEL:
      >> Profit!

      I'm confused how INCOME - EXPENSES = "PROFIT!" ?!?

      Well sure, you might lose a little money on each one, but you can make it up in VOLUME!

    3. Re:A better solution by roc97007 · · Score: 2

      As anyone who has climbed out of their parents' basement in the last 20 years knows, restaurants are using "happy happy birthday, happy happy birthday" sung to The Lone Ranger theme (or William Tell overture if you're being pedantic) for some years now. Life finds a way.

      --
      Oliver's law of assumed responsibility: If you're seen fixing it, you will be blamed for breaking it.
    4. Re:A better solution by roc97007 · · Score: 2

      I'd say that "happy birthday to you" (written in 1893) sorta qualifies as a dinosaur.

      --
      Oliver's law of assumed responsibility: If you're seen fixing it, you will be blamed for breaking it.
    5. Re:A better solution by omnichad · · Score: 2

      When Warner really shouldn't own the copyright in the first place. The melody was written in 1893 and wouldn't be covered under any of the newer copyright extension laws. And the lyrics were in common use before someone tried to copyright those later.

    6. Re:A better solution by Daemonik · · Score: 2

      Yeah, because struggling artists are well known for their crack legal teams.

    7. Re: A better solution by hawguy · · Score: 2

      Thats a joke right? When does losing a little in volume ever make a negative, positive.

      It's no joke, this business strategy has been been used by a number of internet companies during the first dotcom boom and the model has been extremely profitable to executives and early investors. Webvan and Pets.com both come to mind as early adopters of this strategy, but they are far from the only ones.

    8. Re:A better solution by tchdab1 · · Score: 2

      Embed ads in the song, and data-mine the information in the requests you get.
      Where have you been for the last 20 years?

    9. Re: A better solution by Jason+Levine · · Score: 2

      As hawguy mentioned above, it can be profitable to executives and early investors. It's essentially a pyramid scheme. Say your product costs $1.10 to make and you sell it for $1. You get a big round of funding and put some of that towards "executive salaries." Then you build hype about your product/company increasing the "value" of your company and getting more and more people to invest in it. As more money pours in from investors, you squirrel more money away as "executive compensation."

      Just before the whole thing collapses, you bail out taking as much money with you as possible. The company folds and creditors are paid off, possibly including those earliest investors. The people who came in at the bottom of the pyramid get nothing, some investors walk away with their money back, and you walk away rich.

      Of course, if the authorities realize it's all a scam you might go to jail, but most of the people who did this played it straight enough to get away with it. Sometimes multiple times in a row. Sometimes fooling the same investors who kept hoping that this time they could jump off the pyramid before it collapsed.

      --
      My sci-fi novel, Ghost Thief, is now available from Amazon.com.
    10. Re: A better solution by brantondaveperson · · Score: 2

      Note that the above being true, and the original statement being a joke, are not mutually exclusive propositions.

      Webvan and Pets.com were both pretty good jokes, after all.

    11. Re:A better solution by Jason+Levine · · Score: 4, Interesting

      And the Happy Birthday song's copyright is being asserted based on the fact that the piano arrangement was published in 1935 (IIRC) while the song itself is much older. So it still wouldn't surprise me if someone claimed copyright on a song because a TV show used it in 1952 despite the song being really old. Especially if that someone were a big company with enough legal resources to scare off any lawsuits challenging their claim.

      I wish Jennifer Nelson luck in fighting this battle. If she wins, I propose that every year, on her birthday, we all sing her Happy Birthday to commemorate the victory.

      --
      My sci-fi novel, Ghost Thief, is now available from Amazon.com.
    12. Re:A better solution by davester666 · · Score: 2

      Hey, let's sing the "Amazon Prime Birthday Song"

      --
      Sleep your way to a whiter smile...date a dentist!
    13. Re:A better solution by AmiMoJo · · Score: 2

      How is that not theft? Surely when they try to do that, the first call should be to the FBI.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    14. Re:A better solution by Gravitron+5000 · · Score: 2

      The profit is in Karma, not dollars. You can spend it being an asshole :)

  2. I can't believe it. by DoofusOfDeath · · Score: 3, Funny

    Warner wouldn't steal a car, would they?

    1. Re:I can't believe it. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Sure they would. Why do you think they're so worried someone might steal their shit?

    2. Re:I can't believe it. by Opportunist · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Depends only on fine, profit and chance to be caught.

      Whether a law is upheld by a corporation is a matter of risk management and accounting, not legal.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  3. It's clearly out of copyright by wylderide · · Score: 2

    The melody is surely public domain based on Good Morning to All and putting new lyrics on it doesn't change that. That's why the rights reverted to the authors of Good Morning to All. You can't have it both ways. Haha, just kidding, a corporation wants it both ways, so the government will be happy to bend over for them. Still, if you want alternatives: http://mycloudplayers.com/?id=... http://users.aei.ca/robr/Birth... http://users.aei.ca/robr/Birth... http://users.aei.ca/robr/Happy...

    --
    This is the best restaurant I ever eat in
    1. Re:It's clearly out of copyright by houghi · · Score: 4, Funny

      If you are not happy with the governement, why don't you buy your own?

      --
      Don't fight for your country, if your country does not fight for you.
    2. Re:It's clearly out of copyright by jordanjay29 · · Score: 4, Funny

      I tried, but Donald Trump outbid me.

    3. Re:It's clearly out of copyright by ArcadeMan · · Score: 3, Funny

      Yeah, well... I'm gonna go make my own government, with blackjack and hookers.

  4. Re:The obvious test case for ludicrous copyright by Greyfox · · Score: 5, Funny
    Damn straight! 200 years from now NPR will be playing classical rap music. The commentator will come on and be all like "That was Puff Daddy's 'Kill a Ho'... in D Minor. Coming up after the break will be Snoop Dog's 'All my Bitches,' in C. This was a very influential work at the time, in which Snoop Dog asserted that all the bitches were, in fact, his. Many other rappers at the time tried to get the bitches back, but their efforts were, ultimately, fruitless."

    I predict that "Happy Birthday" will still be under copyright at the time.

    --

    I'm trying to teach myself to set people on fire with my mind... Is it hot in here?

  5. There's already an alternative by Pfhorrest · · Score: 5, Funny

    There's already an alternate birthday song sun in every restaurant I've ever been to that had sang to people on their birthdays:

    Happy happy birthday
    From all of us to you!
    We wish it was our birthday
    So we could party too!

    I always like to sing along under by breath a little parody I made up on the very topic of this article:

    Happy happy birthday
    From all of us to you!
    We'd sing you "Happy Birthday"
    But then we would get sued!

    --
    -Forrest Cameranesi, Geek of all Trades
    "I am Sam. Sam I am. I do not like trolls, flames, or spam."
    1. Re:There's already an alternative by Opportunist · · Score: 2

      THAT is racist. On the racism scale from black to white, that's at least Mexican.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  6. ...or maybe 2025 by michaelmalak · · Score: 2

    FTFA:

    later, sometime in the '20s, the 'Happy Birthday to You' lyrics were added to the melody, and Summy copyrighted that.

    If "sometime in '20s" was 1929, then this copyright calculator says Jan. 1, 2025.

  7. Re:The obvious test case for ludicrous copyright by sconeu · · Score: 5, Insightful

    See, it's attitudes like this that hurt artists...

    I mean, if we don't keep extending copyright, how can we encourage Elvis to keep singing new music?

    P2P Killed Elvis!!!!

    --
    General Relativity: Space-time tells matter where to go; Matter tells space-time what shape to be.
  8. Re:Marilyn Monroe Complicated Things... by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 3, Insightful

    why is this chick considered to be attractive?

    if anything she's just a plain jane.

    We'll see how good YOU look after you've been dead 50 years...

    --
    #DeleteChrome
  9. $commentSubject by Falos · · Score: 3, Insightful

    >How did Warner/Chappell get the rights?

    They called dibs. C'mon, even children know how imaginary property works.

    1. Re:$commentSubject by penix1 · · Score: 2

      So I see you heard of the dibs protocol and the no take backs accord as well. (Gotten from Red Vs. Blue)...

      --
      This is a sig. This is only a sig. Had this been an actual sig you would have been informed where to tune for more sigs.
  10. Corporations are not People by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 2

    Make the copyright only go to the person in 13 year periods, renewable for their life, and with one extension if they have a spouse or children that survive them.

    Only allow corporations to rent part of a 13 year period. Forcing them to renegotiate with the living human for each cycle.

    Make it so!

    --
    -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
    1. Re:Corporations are not People by currently_awake · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Make copyright automatic from publication, with a term of 7 years. If they register it and pay yearly property taxes then they can keep it for 14 more. And that's it, no more extensions.

    2. Re:Corporations are not People by flopsquad · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Returning copyright terms to a reasonable length is about fairness to society. It has nothing to do with fairness to content creators or preventing infringement.

      We the people grant a limited monopoly on creative expression in order to promote more creative expression (paraphrasing Article I, Section 8, Clause 8).

      Among the arguments in favor of this monopoly right, "fairness" (i.e. I should control how this gets used because I worked hard to make it) is perhaps the least compelling.

      --
      Nothing posted to /. has ever been legal advice, including this.
  11. Once upon a time... by thogard · · Score: 2

    Long ago on usenet, someone who seemed to be against the long term copyright extensions was asking people to send in video of politicians singing happy birthday in public. I don't remember the specifics and I suspected it might have been a lobist or someone working for the rights holder.

    I still think it would be cool for someone like the EFF to start collecting this so the next time Disney wants another 20 years, they can come out and list a whole bunch of pirates that are in congress.

  12. "Authors and Investors" by Dereck1701 · · Score: 2

    "To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries."

    Key words spelled out right in the constitution at least here in the US are "Authors and Inventors" and "limited Times", both of which appear to be FAR beyond the veil here. The artists have been dead since 1946 and no one with their head screwed on straight wound consider over a hundred and twenty years to be a "limited time" especially when you take into account that at the time the constitution was written you considered yourself lucky if you lived into your 40s.

    1. Re:"Authors and Investors" by tao · · Score: 2

      Also, the intention is clearly to to benefit the Authors and Inventors. NOT publishers. NOT performers. NOT record companies. NOT patent trolls. NOT descendants of the original Author/Inventor.

  13. The real story is even worse by SoftwareArtist · · Score: 5, Informative

    This article isn't very accurate. The real story make the copyright claims even more absurd. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.... The melody and general idea of the lyrics date back at least to the mid-1800s. The song "Good Morning to All" was published in a song book in 1893, but the authors of that book had been singing it with their kindergarten class for many years, and it's not clear they were the original authors of it. The same melody with the words "Happy Birthday to You" was, it appears, an innovation of children who had been in their class, who started singing it at birthday parties. The tradition spread, and it appeared in print at least as early as 1912.

    So what do they actually have a copyright on? Well, a piano arrangement was published in 1935. And years later someone came across that piano arrangement, found that a copyright had been registered on it, and (presumably being ignorant of the actual history of the song), thought they owned a copyright on the song and started trying to enforce it.

    --
    "I'm too busy to research this and form an educated opinion, but I do have time to tell everyone my uninformed opinion."
  14. Re:The obvious test case for ludicrous copyright by omnichad · · Score: 2

    Not even the formatting, but the photo they took of it. Which is a separate work. If you want to sell Constitution prints, take your own photo.

  15. Re:Copyright Extensions Unconstitutional by russotto · · Score: 3, Informative

    It is about time someone started challenging the extension of existing copyrights as invalid as being ex post facto laws.

    Lawrence Lessig did. He lost, as usual. That was Eldred v. Ashcroft, 537 U.S. 186 (2003)

  16. Scène à faire by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    The copyright should be unenforceable against a TV show or restaurant that uses the song during a birthday celebration. The doctrine is called "Scène à faire", that which must be done. In the United States, this song is almost always sung at a birthday and if it wasn't sung, you'd have to explain why. This is a case where copyright cannot apply because the song has to be sung. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sc%C3%A8nes_%C3%A0_faire

  17. Re:Marilyn Monroe Complicated Things... by swilly · · Score: 2

    And he would be right. By historical standards, everyone in America is obscenely wealthy.

  18. Re:The obvious test case for ludicrous copyright by dargaud · · Score: 4, Informative

    It's not like classical music doesn't have its own skeletons in its closets: Lick my ass, by Mozart nonetheless.

    --
    Non-Linux Penguins ?
  19. Re:The obvious test case for ludicrous copyright by pubwvj · · Score: 2

    You're making the classic graphing error of assuming the data set will continue. The reality is hockey sticks and other curves tend to level off at some point. Back in the 1970's they were worried about the Population Bomb. What they didn't account for was that as the level of education went up people had fewer children so the Population Bomb fizzled and the curve leveled off. Same thing with Elvis. He finally realized the error of his ways, got away from all those people who were a bad influence, moved to Vermont, lost hundreds of pounds and is doing great. :)