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Pluto's Haze

Today brings another release of images from NASA's New Horizons probe. This time, it includes an image taken seven hours after closest approach, when the probe was looking back at Pluto. It captured the dwarf planet in silhouette: the body of the planet is in darkness, but the atmosphere is luminous with deflected sunlight. "A preliminary analysis of the image shows two distinct layers of haze -- one about 50 miles (80 kilometers) above the surface and the other at an altitude of about 30 miles (50 kilometers)." Before this picture, scientists didn't expect to see such haze more than 30 kilometers above the surface.

Other findings released today include preliminary indications that Pluto's atmospheric pressure has dropped sharply from early observations. This may indicate that the atmosphere is in the process of freezing and falling to Pluto's surface. Finally, new close-up pictures of the surface transmitted back to Earth show direct evidence of nitrogen ice floes reminiscent of glacier movement on Earth. The dwarf planet also seems to be rich in methane ice and carbon dioxide ice.

45 of 63 comments (clear)

  1. During Pluto's day - how light is it? by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 1

    I suppose I could do the math, but since I'm lazy... if it were possible for you to be standing on the daylight side of Pluto, does anyone know how bright/dark would it be? Is there enough light that you'd be able to see the terrain, at least dimly?

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    1. Re:During Pluto's day - how light is it? by NotInHere · · Score: 1
    2. Re:During Pluto's day - how light is it? by mooglejoe · · Score: 5, Informative

      NASA made this site to give you an idea http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/pl...

    3. Re:During Pluto's day - how light is it? by frovingslosh · · Score: 1

      Pretty useless. That link says the sunlight on Pluto is about 1.4 x average solar irradiance at Pluto. WTF??? They also give a comparison to Neptune, but unless you've actually been to Neptune that isn't of much use either. What they don't give is a comparison to Earth or (much more useful) Earth in the light of the full moon.

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    4. Re:During Pluto's day - how light is it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      For comparison a better link to wolfram alpha ...

      http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=sunlight+on+pluto+and+neptune+and+uranus+and+saturn+and+jupiter+and+mars+compared+to+earth+and+venus+and+mercury

      Earth: 1319 W/m^2
      Pluto: 1.256W/m^2 (less than 1/1000)

    5. Re:During Pluto's day - how light is it? by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 1

      Wow, it's like they read my mind! Thanks!

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      #DeleteChrome
    6. Re:During Pluto's day - how light is it? by stevelinton · · Score: 1

      http://www.flicker.space/pluto...

      Basically like dim daylight or bright twilight on Earth.

    7. Re:During Pluto's day - how light is it? by frovingslosh · · Score: 1

      I did manage to get Wolfram to give me that set of numbers, but they are neither interesting nor informative. I would be much more interested in seeing how day on the planet Pluto compares to night with moonlight on planet earth. Can anyone get that number from Wolfram?

      --
      I'm an American. I love this country and the freedoms that we used to have.
    8. Re:During Pluto's day - how light is it? by weilawei · · Score: 1

      Does it matter how dark? All our future plans for farming Pluto didn't account for plants becoming overripe and potentially explosive!

      The hazes in Pluto’s atmosphere, observed by NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft on July 14, provide a crucial link between the sunlight-driven chemistry in the upper atmosphere and the reddish-brown hydrocarbons called tholins that rain down and darken the surface. The animation shows several steps: 1) Ultraviolet sunlight breaks apart methane in Pluto’s upper atmosphere. 2) This leads to the buildup of complex hydrocarbons, such as ethylene and acetylene

      I'm sure there's a tomato joke squished in there somewhere.

    9. Re:During Pluto's day - how light is it? by ncc74656 · · Score: 1

      Pretty useless.

      Try this:

      http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=solar+irradiance+of+Pluto+vs+Earth

      There's a roughly three-order-of-magnitude difference between Earth and Pluto. What that'd actually look like, I can only guess...twilight in the middle of the day, perhaps?

      --
      20 January 2017: the End of an Error.
    10. Re:During Pluto's day - how light is it? by osu-neko · · Score: 3, Informative

      I would be much more interested in seeing how day on the planet Pluto compares to night with moonlight on planet earth.

      The sun on Pluto is about 100 times brighter than a full moon on Earth.

      --
      "Convictions are more dangerous enemies of truth than lies."
    11. Re:During Pluto's day - how light is it? by MrKaos · · Score: 1

      if it were possible for you to be standing on the daylight side of Pluto

      I don't know the math to calculate if you could see any other planets, I don't think so, however I can imagine that it would be the blackest night in our solar system.

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    12. Re:During Pluto's day - how light is it? by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      Site also has Pluto data rates; takes forever to load.

    13. Re:During Pluto's day - how light is it? by painandgreed · · Score: 1

      I suppose I could do the math, but since I'm lazy... if it were possible for you to be standing on the daylight side of Pluto, does anyone know how bright/dark would it be? Is there enough light that you'd be able to see the terrain, at least dimly?

      I did the math once based on the supposed camera settings they were shooting at, and from my experience since I do concert photography, it was about as much light as a band on stage lit by four red stage lights which seems to be the minimum standard.

  2. Don't blame the atmosphere. by Etherwalk · · Score: 1

    Freezing and falling to Pluto's surface... if you were that far from the sun, you'd do it to.

  3. dwarf is a trigger word by turkeydance · · Score: 2

    filled with micro-aggression.

    1. Re:dwarf is a trigger word by frovingslosh · · Score: 1, Funny

      If there are nine people in a room but someone wants to draw a lot of attention to himself he can point to the shortest person and call them a dwarf person and so claim that there are really only eight people in the room.

      --
      I'm an American. I love this country and the freedoms that we used to have.
  4. Help me, Help me, oh no... by RevWaldo · · Score: 4, Funny

    Pluto haze all in our brains
    Latest readings don't seem the same
    An exciting time, you all agree
    For studyin' exometeorology

    .

    1. Re:Help me, Help me, oh no... by sysrammer · · Score: 1

      Thank you for that rock lyric to our favorite rock.

      --
      His ignorance covered the whole earth like a blanket, and there was hardly a hole in it anywhere. - Mark Twain
    2. Re:Help me, Help me, oh no... by R3d+M3rcury · · Score: 1

      'scuse me, while I kiss this guy...

  5. Sadly, the haze is reddish-brown by tlambert · · Score: 2

    Sadly, the haze is reddish-brown, rather than Purple Haze.

  6. Re:Planets are for penguins by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Really? I mean, fucking really? Everyone gnu that penguins saw "awk". Torvalds sed so.

  7. Re:NASA please upgrade your stuff by DeKO · · Score: 4, Informative

    New Horizons' communication channel is very slow. About 1 killobit (not kilobyte) per second. My guess is they don't really have more data to "release" yet.

  8. Re:NASA please upgrade your stuff by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Can't upgrade the transmitters on the New Horizons spacecraft, which due to power constraints can only transmit 2 Kb/s (bits, not bytes) at most. The only reason we have pictures at all is because the PI recognized the need for something to put on the front page of the New York Times to represent what has happened. They're getting a trickle of data, most of which is scientific in nature. For now, up until late September, we'll have to content ourselves with the few extremely pretty JPEGs that were sent back ahead of some of the other instruments' data.

  9. Wow... by wbr1 · · Score: 1
    From TFA

    Ultraviolent sunlight chemically converts hazes into tholins, the dark hydrocarbons that color Pluto’s surface.

    Did we find Clockwork Orange?

    --
    Silence is a state of mime.
    1. Re:Wow... by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      Did Clockwork Orange merge with Scientology?

  10. Miles by fulldecent · · Score: 1, Redundant

    Is anyone else embarrassed that NASA uses miles as its primary unit of measure?

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    -- I was raised on the command line, bitch

    1. Re:Miles by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      The public that pays its bills understands miles, they report in miles.

      One of the scientists at today's press conference actually started discussing things in kilometers and had to correct himself.

    2. Re:Miles by tomhath · · Score: 1

      Not me. Mile is a perfectly good unit of measure.

    3. Re:Miles by hcs_$reboot · · Score: 3, Funny

      Is anyone else embarrassed that NASA uses miles as its primary unit of measure?

      Indeed, I was expecting distances expressed in furlongs.

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    4. Re:Miles by riverat1 · · Score: 1

      Personally I prefer light-fortnights.

    5. Re:Miles by DNS-and-BIND · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Nope! They're an arm of the U.S. government, and report to the American people. If you find it embarrassing, you are free to ignore them. They don't report to you, if you get anything at all from them, consider it a bonus and divide everything by 0.621. You can do math, right?

      Seriously, the metric flame is such a slashdot cliche. I feel embarrassed for you. Does anyone else embarrassed that cliche-spewing posters infest every NASA thread?

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    6. Re:Miles by stevelinton · · Score: 1

      Planck lengths are the only truly natural measure

  11. Surprised by koan · · Score: 2

    It has an atmosphere at all.
    "When Pluto is closer to the Sun in its orbit, the warmth from the Sun heats up the frozen ices of nitrogen, methane and carbon monoxide on Pluto's surface. These ices vaporize and form a temporary atmosphere. When Pluto moves farther from the Sun, the atmosphere freezes and falls back onto Pluto's surface."
    http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech...

    --
    "If any question why we died, Tell them because our fathers lied."
    1. Re:Surprised by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I don't think it's really too surprising that Pluto has an atmosphere. Almost every body in the solar system with sufficient mass has some atmosphere. Gravity pulls the atmosphere toward the object, and this balances against the low pressure in space that pull the atmosphere away from the object. The balance between gravity and the upward pressure gradient force is called hydrostatic balance. At a large scale, all atmospheres (including Earth) are in hydrostatic balance. The atmosphere is more readily stripped away by the solar wind if there isn't a magnetic field to protect it. It's not clear yet if Pluto has a magnetosphere. In addition to being highly variable because of Pluto's orbit, I'd expect Pluto's atmosphere to be subject to significant tides because of Charon. For comparison, mean sea level pressure on Earth is 1013.25 hPa. On Venus, it's about 92000 hPa. On Mars, it's about 6 hPa. And Pluto's surface pressure is roughly 0.003 hPa. It's an atmosphere, but it's extremely thin.

    2. Re:Surprised by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      "I'd expect Pluto's atmosphere to be subject to significant tides because of Charon".

      No, Pluto and Charon are perfectly tidal-locked and face each other during each orbit of their center of gravity.

      Because of this there are no tidal forces acting on either the planetary bodies themselves, nor their atmosphere(s).

  12. Re:Dumbassery by hcs_$reboot · · Score: 1

    Because you're too proud of your ignorance to google that

    Actually I didn't google something I didn't know I should google to get the answer of a question I ignored it had to be asked.

    New Horizons can transmit at most 1 kilobit per second. 1 kilobit is only 125 bytes.

    And you can be proud. That's actually two transmitters at 1kb/s. And that's not really 1kb/8 usable bytes, ie 125, as you seem to ignore about control bits and other layer 2 necessary bits...

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  13. Re:Climate change by riverat1 · · Score: 2

    Pluto's orbit is the most eccentric of any planet (or former planet :). Its distance from the Sun varies from about 30 AU to 49 AU. Any planet with that kind of eccentricity would have considerable climate change as it traveled along it's orbit.

  14. How old is the ice? by MrKaos · · Score: 1

    From the photos it looks like the mountains have pushed up through the ice. I wonder if that is how the 'Moated Mountain" formed, nitrogen ice eroding the geology.

    I have to say this is an appropriate use of the word 'amazing' - Thank you NASA (and the American taxpayer)

    --
    My ism, it's full of beliefs.
  15. Re:NASA please upgrade your stuff by Tablizer · · Score: 1

    If you don't show appreciation, you deserve Comcast

  16. Best explanation so far by Tablizer · · Score: 2

    The best explanation I've read for the youth of the surface is that Pluto's elliptical orbit results in a heat-and-cool cycle that pumps semi-liquid and/or soft frozen gasses around.

    The relative densities between different materials changes during the near/far cycle, causing push-pull action that gradually squeezes and pumps shit around.

  17. Shaq's bigger brother by Tablizer · · Score: 1

    Jupiter would be able to mug and beat the shit out of everybody, including Saturn. Pluto may have an advantage in being too small to notice among the carnage.

  18. Re:NASA please upgrade your stuff by mrbester · · Score: 1

    "1 killobit".

    Using frequencies lower than infra dead, presumably.

    H/T to Douglas Adams, RIP.

    --
    "Wait. Something's happening. It's opening up! My God, it's full of apricots!"
  19. Re:NASA please upgrade your stuff by NicknameUnavailable · · Score: 1

    NASA releases one picture a day. Either the hard is too old or the soft is too slow (or the staff is incompetent). Please upgrade something!

    Photoshop takes time.

  20. nasa.gov is down right now by jez9999 · · Score: 1

    Anyone have a mirror of this stuff?