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Scientific Papers With Shorter Titles Get More Citations

sciencehabit writes: Articles with shorter titles tend to get cited more often than those with longer headers, concludes a study published today, which examined 140,000 papers published between 2007 and 2013. It appears in the journal Royal Society Open Science. Citations are a key currency in the academic world. The number of times other researchers cite a scientist’s work is often an important metric in hiring and workplace evaluations. Citations also play a role in determining a journal’s place in the scholarly pecking order, with journals that publish more highly cited papers earning a higher “impact factor” (although many critics challenge that measure).

87 comments

  1. The by Crashmarik · · Score: 1

    The title of my next paper.

    1. Re:The by greenfruitsalad · · Score: 1

      mine will be: People with 2 legs more common than those with 1.

    2. Re:The by x0ra · · Score: 2

      which method did you use to reach this conclusion ?

    3. Re:The by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Anal sex.

    4. Re:The by Lakebeach · · Score: 1

      Everyone that has two legs also has one. Therefore people with one leg is more common than people with two. It's quite logical.

    5. Re: The by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Animal sex.

    6. Re:The by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You wouldn't be the first who writes a paper about the article "the".

    7. Re: The by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Eponymous sex.

    8. Re: The by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Awkward sex.

    9. Re: The by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Aardvark sex.

    10. Re: The by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Asexual sex.

    11. Re:The by smittyoneeach · · Score: 1

      The three legged duck
      Had all the luck
      And when he got stuck
      He didn't give a whit of concern.

      --
      Get thee glass eyes, and, like a scurvy politician, seem to see things thou dost not.--King Lear
    12. Re: The by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Recursive sex.

    13. Re: The by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Reclusive sex.

    14. Re:The by sabbede · · Score: 1

      I was thinking, "Findings"

    15. Re: The by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Cucumber sex.

    16. Re:The by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Better yet: "Aha!"

    17. Re: The by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sex.

  2. TL;DR by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Go for it!

  3. Yes by phantomfive · · Score: 4, Informative

    Oh, maybe that's because algorithmically generated papers tend to generate long titles.

    Check out the generated phrases here.

    --
    "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
  4. Causation? by Michael+Woodhams · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The more niche your research topic, the longer the title has to be to describe it, and correspondingly the fewer people will be interested. Compare, for example, "A New Hierarchy of Phylogenetic Models Consistent with Heterogeneous Substitution Rates" with "The Origin of Chemical Elements". While one will be much more cited that the other, the reason isn't the title length.

    --
    Quattuor res in hoc mundo sanctae sunt: libri, liberi, libertas et liberalitas.
    1. Re:Causation? by golodh · · Score: 1, Redundant
      Yes, agreed. I think you've spotted that one.

      The shorter your title the more general your subject.In that case, if your article has something useful to say it's interesting to a wider audience so you end up with more citations.

    2. Re:Causation? by Roodvlees · · Score: 1

      Good one, I had another idea for the causation of these numbers, but yours seems better.

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      Thank you, Bradley Manning, Edward Snowden and so many others, for courageously defending humanity, my freedom and more!
    3. Re:Causation? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Also it's possible that good writers tend to come up with more concise titles.. and well-written papers tend to get cited more (e.g because they are more read in the first place, or get published in higher-visibility venues).

    4. Re:Causation? by Sique · · Score: 1
      On the other hand: The most cited papers are those that describe some research method, which is often highly specialized, e.g. some test, some experiment, some analysis method. But if you use their methodology in your paper, you cite them because they describe in detail what you are doing. If you are doing some gene manipulation, you will cite some papers which describe how to detect and isolate genes. If you are doing geology, you will cite some papers about how to determine the age of stones. If you are counting species, you will cite the papers which describe how to tell two quite similar species apart etc.pp.

      Normally this should give papers with long names some push.

      --
      .sig: Sique *sigh*
    5. Re:Causation? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not only that, a short & catchy title will also have a harder time getting past the peer reviewers (for obvious reasons).

    6. Re:Causation? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's exactly what he said!

    7. Re:Causation? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      golodh just shortened Michael's comment so more people will read it.

    8. Re:Causation? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Shouldn't the title have been: Shorter Titles, More Citations.

    9. Re:Causation? by itsdapead · · Score: 1

      The more niche your research topic, the longer the title has to be to describe it,

      Indeed - see A meta-analysis of synergies between urso-sylvanian scatology, denominational alignment of the Holy See and the role of constipation in the works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. by Capt O. B. Vios (2001).

      --
      In a survey of 100 programmers, 111111 thought that duck-typing was a good idea.
    10. Re:Causation? by IRGlover · · Score: 2

      I'd have gone with 'Short name, more fame'

    11. Re:Causation? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Yeah I've got a feeling a paper entitled "P = NP" would be cited a lot.

    12. Re:Causation? by umafuckit · · Score: 1

      I wonder about that. Most fields are niche fields and you can write a short title in a niche field because the papers are generally pitched at others in your field. A while ago I changed sub-fields (not even fields) and I had learn a whole new jargon and culture to make sense of the papers.

    13. Re:Causation? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Where can I get this important work? Google the almighty does not know it.

    14. Re:Causation? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Also, its possible that good scientist tend to be succinct.

  5. Good work, scientists by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Is anyone that surprised by this? The more general the subject of the paper, the less descriptive the title needs to be. And likewise, the more general the subject of the paper, the more generally applicable it is to other papers.

    "Scientific papers with more general themes are more often cited in other papers."

  6. Specialization by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I think the reason has more to do with the fact that research papers with longer titles have more specific research subjects. "A possible cause of malaria outbreaks during the breeding period of glossina genus on the south coast of Mozambique" would be a very specific topic and likely to attract many citations.

  7. A higher risk for shark attack when wearing bikini by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    ... seams to fall in the same category as the paper at hand, i.e. causality vs correlation.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_does_not_imply_causation

  8. used to be by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    When I hear science I have images of alikes of Leonardo and Einstein. Close bordering on them but a sign of modern times are groups like those that built rockets, nuclear holocaust device or worked on Genome - always done in groups. When I read studies like in TFA I have impression that science of today is just an occupation for a whole bunch of little bureaucrats though. This of course does wrong to great many scientists that brings our knowledge a little bit further every so little publication. But somehow I cannot imagine science being done in crowds because crowds of scientists are as silly as crowds of farmers or of those silly bitches called computer scientists (who are neither scientists nor engineers). Is this the only thing that remained for us - a place in a faceless crowd struggling to get a tallar or two for another day or pointless study in a big project filled with great egos and usually no greatness? Kind of what Pascal meant when looking at the vast spaces of the universe or?

  9. Sometimes the titles are crazy long by Roodvlees · · Score: 0

    Maybe scientists make their titles too long when they don't yet really understand what they are talking about. Which is why you are doing research on it, when they do fully understand the're able to decide on a better title. This also helps others to read the article more easily.

    --
    Thank you, Bradley Manning, Edward Snowden and so many others, for courageously defending humanity, my freedom and more!
    1. Re:Sometimes the titles are crazy long by gwolf · · Score: 1

      If you have been researching for years on the mating habits of the Papuan purple-eyed spider, finding the differences between their behaviour and that of other spider genii, you would surely include that description as part of your title — It would not be responsible to make others think the article is general when it deals with a very specific variety.

      (please note that the example is entirely fictional and I know zero about spiders or biological taxonomy)

  10. Obscure topics need more explanatory headlines by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    And get fewer citations because they are obscure.

    The papers that get cited tend to solve important but very general problems that can be summed up by a short title.

    Or that would be my guess. (I'm generalising, obviously).

  11. Disproved by Heather Mills by Chrisq · · Score: 2

    mine will be: People with 2 legs more common than those with 1.

    Disproved by Heather Mills ... who has one leg and is as common as they come.

    1. Re: Disproved by Heather Mills by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'd mod that up if knew how.

  12. Who can get away with short titles? by Etherwalk · · Score: 1

    If you're a newbie in a field you may feel the need to use a jargony title to get noticed by editors. If you're a big name it may not matter.

    1. Re:Who can get away with short titles? by ememisya · · Score: 2

      I have to agree here. There is a reason why scientists tend to keep names pretty simple, like Big Bang, Black Hole, x Dwarf, x Giant etc. Title should communicate a short overview, but one should keep in mind the range of people who would be interested in reading it. In the end what matters is if you communicated the entirety of the information correctly.

  13. I RTFA and it's crap by serviscope_minor · · Score: 3, Interesting

    There's a figure which shows this supposed correlation. It is AMAZINGLY weak and looks like it's biased by a couple of short titled, very highly cited papers.

    Most of the paper length/citation counts form a nice uniform blob in the middle of the graph.

    --
    SJW n. One who posts facts.
    1. Re:I RTFA and it's crap by serviscope_minor · · Score: 3, Funny

      Bad form to self-reply, but if you want another paper (unpublished?) which analyses what's likely to get a paper accepted, there's this one which is hilarious and sadly all too true:

      http://vision.ucsd.edu/sites/d...âZ

      --
      SJW n. One who posts facts.
    2. Re:I RTFA and it's crap by hnwombat · · Score: 5, Informative

      Yes, exactly. the R squared (variance explained) is tiny. So, yeah, the effect is there, but it's unimportant (and, as you point out, skewed by outliers). There's no assessment of normality of the data (it pretty clearly isn't), which also affects the validity of the results. And, finally, when you have a very large sample size, getting a "significant" result is very easy (20,000 data points is a very large sample size, for statistical purposes). Honestly, with 20,000 data points, I could "prove" pretty much any theory I chose about that data.

      Many confounding explanations for the small correlation are ignored that might also have eliminated the observed correlation.

      FWIW, I have a PhD, I do this stuff for a living. I got a "significant" result for one of my theories that had an R-squared of 7%. While I of course reported the significance, I also pointed out that it was of no real consequence, and probably due to sample size rather than a real relationship. Especially with the problems of Popper-style hypothesis testing, one should be very careful about what one reports as "real" connections.

  14. This is modern 'science' for you... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It shows you how dishonest and stupid many 'researchers' are...

  15. Hope by Katatsumuri · · Score: 1

    I hope that in general papers with less bullshit get more citations.

  16. Or... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Not all title lengths are equally likely. I should imagine that shorter titles are simply more common than longer ones.

  17. My next paper by Chrisq · · Score: 2

    My next paper will be called "?".

    1. Re:My next paper by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

      Unfortunately Slashdot is too "clever" to let me express my surprise at your paper's title with a single character reply.

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    2. Re:My next paper by Chrisq · · Score: 1

      With acknowledgements to Victor Hugo.

    3. Re:My next paper by Heart44 · · Score: 1

      Mine?: !

  18. "Things" by smittyoneeach · · Score: 2

    subtitle: "And Stuff"

    --
    Get thee glass eyes, and, like a scurvy politician, seem to see things thou dost not.--King Lear
    1. Re:"Things" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I think the correct title is "Stuff, Lori, Thangs".

  19. I've found that most articles by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    On Slashdot are garbage and not worth citing. This is an obvious article is one of those obvious examples.

  20. Correlation by wstrucke · · Score: 1

    Perhaps people who write more citable papers tend to prefer more concise titles.

  21. Re:A higher risk for shark attack when wearing bik by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

    Did anyone say there was a direct causation?

    --
    systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
  22. Correlation is not causation by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Papers with shorter titles tend to simply be broader spectrum review articles, which naturally reach much wider audience than specialist papers with long and precise titles. Mystery solved.

  23. Q by Zocalo · · Score: 1

    I wonder if it applies to forum comments as well... Let's find out!

    --
    UNIX? They're not even circumcised! Savages!
  24. ohh fuck by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ohh shit

  25. This article should be reworded by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If a subset of all papers is considered such that the titles of the papers in the said subset have a number of words contained within amounting to significantly fewer than the number of words appearing in the titles of papers not contained within that subset, then it is possible to conclude the number of citations the former subset attract can be described as being lower in quantity than the number of citations attracted by the latter subset.

  26. Yup by tomhath · · Score: 1

    What he said

    1. Re:Yup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ditto

  27. TL;DR by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The title of my next paper: "" (less the quotes)

  28. I guess scientists hate to type. by sabbede · · Score: 1

    Or maybe it's a case of tl;dr

  29. II by nitehawk214 · · Score: 1

    Comments with shorter subjects get more replies.

    Filter error: You can type more than that for your subject

    Damnit!

    --
    I'm a good cook. I'm a fantastic eater. - Steven Brust
  30. Reviews more often cited. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2

    After reading the article, and the shortest titles, another possibility occurred to me: reviews and meta-analyses are more likely to be cited and are more likely to have shorter titles. It's well-established that they are more likely to be cited; I suspect the second part is also true.

    The "prions" paper that they discuss, for example, is a review. People are probably more likely to cite a review because it covers so much ground.

    This is sort of a variant of what you're saying about niche versus broad papers, but at the same time not really: it's more about encompassing a lot of other papers within it. If I need to cite three papers on prions, and they're all discussed in a review, it's easier to just cite the review paper three times and include it once in the references than cite three different papers, each of which is included in the references separately.

    So the take-away message is that if you want to get cited a lot, write a good review paper.

  31. References by LeadSongDog · · Score: 1

    [1]: 0

    --
    Oh, I'm sorry sir, I thought you were referring to me, Mr. Wensleydale.
  32. Sex by Barbecue911 · · Score: 1

    Just as short but more sexy.

  33. A by Barbecue911 · · Score: 1

    I wonder if it applies to forum comments as well... Let's find out!

    Probably...

    1. Re:A by Zocalo · · Score: 1

      Nope. Looks like it's bunk, which is the result I would have been hoping for given how sketchy some of the work in the paper is.

      --
      UNIX? They're not even circumcised! Savages!
  34. Causality for observed fact? by gwolf · · Score: 2

    Algorithmically generated papers try to imitate what's generated by legitimate writers. If people were to mostly write papers with short titles, it would be a tad harder to hide the voidness of meaning in titles any person could understand :)

  35. The exact opposite is true... by mutherhacker · · Score: 1

    My experience is that the exact opposite is true. If you look at the papers that receive most citations in a researcher's profile, it's usually the ones that are longer, have many keywords in them and thus receive more hits from search engines.

    1. Re:The exact opposite is true... by Firethorn · · Score: 1

      Done properly though, keywords is separate from the title. Also, there might be researcher bias - the longer titles from a particular researcher are cited more, but researchers that tend towards concise titles tend to be cited far more often.

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
    2. Re:The exact opposite is true... by mutherhacker · · Score: 1

      keywords is separate from the title

      I'm not talking about keywords defined in the paper, I'm talking about keywords in the title.

    3. Re:The exact opposite is true... by Firethorn · · Score: 1

      Perhaps, but if you set your paper up correctly, for search engine purposes you can have your keywords be separate from the title. Thus allowing you to have a concise title that still shows up in the appropriate searches.

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
  36. Re:A higher risk for shark attack when wearing bik by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    No one did. But I'm sure you will notice that many of these comments (including the jokes) assume that a shorter title causes more citations. When a news article states "Men with shorter haircuts get more dates" the natural tendency is to infer the author is claiming that one causes the other. The format appears to be "(Something you can control) get more (something you want)."

  37. Article title shortened by davidwr · · Score: 1

    "Shorter titles mean more citations"

    --
    Knowledge is how to play a game, intelligence is how to win, wisdom is knowing what game to play.
  38. Old news by sootman · · Score: 1

    I covered this ages ago in my oft-cited paper "Science FTW".

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  39. Eureka! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It has historical precedent, it provokes interest, and it could apply to any scientific discipline.

  40. Goto by eric_harris_76 · · Score: 1

    Goto Considered Harmful

    --
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