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The Air Traffic Control Tower of the Future Doesn't Include Humans

CravenRaven76 writes: Sweden is testing the future of air traffic control at Ornskoldsvik Airport. An 80 foot tall unmanned tower at the airport houses 14 high-definition cameras to help controllers survey the site with better-than-human vision. Video from the cameras is transmitted to Sunvsal Airport, where a controller guides the planes. Potential future plans include grouping every airport controller together at distant facilities in order to save costs of running multiple air traffic control towers.

104 comments

  1. So not better just cheaper by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    One controller can do the work of many.
    It is just a cost saving measure. Not a safety one.

    1. Re:So not better just cheaper by RogueyWon · · Score: 4, Insightful

      It can be both. I've worked in the aviation field and come across quite a few of the issues associated with this.

      There are now some seriously busy ATC sectors around the globe; the ones around New York and London are probably the busiest, but there are plenty of others. The problem's a growing one; while global aviation demand fell during the early years of the recession, it is spiking back sharply now and looks set to continue to grow.

      Without the IT systems that have already been brought in, management of some of the throughput rates in those very busy sectors today would be pretty much impossible. Going forward, more advanced systems are going to be needed to help manage down the potential for human error as things get very difficult indeed; take a look at London's airspace systems (with traffic flows from Heathrow, Gatwick, Stansted, Luton, London City and Southend all requiring management to maintain both throughputs and separations.

      The risk comes from deskilling. No automation system is perfect and, in a safety critical sector like aviation, you need to be able to avoid compromising safety when systems fail. That might not require maintaining those throughput rates (realistically, you are going to accept flight delays and cancellations when you get a major IT failure), but it does involve being able to get aircraft that are in the air onto the ground safely.

      To date, these issues have been managed. A major computer failure in the UK earlier this year was managed safely. But as you reduce the number of operators and, in many cases, shift their role to the management of IT systems rather than the management of air traffic, you have to face a real concern about how you keep the skills required to cope when things go wrong.

      It's a tough one. But the industry is aware of it. Genuine cost-stripping is very rare in the aviation industry; it has a safety culture like nothing else I've ever seen.

    2. Re:So not better just cheaper by RabidReindeer · · Score: 2

      De-skilling is a major issue. In more than one field, we've cut off the bottom rungs of the ladder by outsourcing and/or automating the simpler tasks. But it's practice on the simpler tasks that eventually make you an expert. Maybe in some fields, it's acceptable to dispense with experts (if the state of modern software is any indication), but I'm not so sure that dispensing with experts in the arena of Air Traffic Control is something people are going to want.

    3. Re:So not better just cheaper by macpacheco · · Score: 1

      I'm an actual private pilot with instrument privileges.
      Having a tower is useful, and there are lots of airports with too little traffic to justify an tower full time or at all.
      By adopting this type of remote presence it might be possible to staff airport towers full time, yielding an increase in safety instead.
      It might be possible to have tower services at airports that have no tower at all today.
      And there are plenty of airports with towers but with too little traffic to keep a single ATC professional busy most times.
      This new approach can be used for good or just shaving jobs.
      But the real problem is your ideological view that technology is always a force for irresponsible actions.

    4. Re:So not better just cheaper by stoatwblr · · Score: 1

      Some clarification on this:

      Tower ATCs only handle aircraft in the immediate vicinity of the airport and ground traffic. At larger airports (all the london ones mentioned) there is a separate ground traffic controller.

      Everything else is handled by regional ATC

      Enhanced optics in a tower is a good thing and I doubt any tower operator will be deskilled as in the larger sites it will be an adjunct to them, not "instead of" - the main use for this kind of thing is allowing ATC operations at currently-uncontrolled sites or sites where it's economically marginal to keep ATCs employed.

  2. What happens when video is lost? by Snotnose · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Either from a technical glitch, power outage, or whatever.

    1. Re: What happens when video is lost? by marciot · · Score: 4, Funny

      They just tell the planes to stop where they are and hold on until they can correct the problem.

    2. Re:What happens when video is lost? by Michael+Woodhams · · Score: 1

      Air traffic control relies mostly on transponders and radar, so quite likely you could continue operations even without video. Video would be most useful for directing taxiing. However you can decrease your workload by >90% by keeping departing planes on the ground and putting incoming planes into a holding pattern or diverting them. The only planes that you must deal with are those in the air and with inadequate fuel to divert, which almost never happens (only if they've suffered significant delays/diversions prior to this point.)

      Short answer: Lots of delayed/diverted and frustrated passengers, but no boom.

      --
      Quattuor res in hoc mundo sanctae sunt: libri, liberi, libertas et liberalitas.
    3. Re:What happens when video is lost? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or from heavy fog. Wait, that can happen without cameras too. Well, I guess they cope with it.

    4. Re:What happens when video is lost? by brambus · · Score: 1

      Video would be most useful for directing taxiing.

      This is a solved problem.

    5. Re: What happens when video is lost? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hong on to your butts, guys. We are rebooting! /roflmao

    6. Re:What happens when video is lost? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How can you direct a plane to land (low on fuel) on a runway if you can't visually verify that the runway is clear of other planes or obstructions?

    7. Re:What happens when video is lost? by Michael+Woodhams · · Score: 1

      You're in radio communication with everyone near that runway. You tell them to get the **** out of the way.

      I think it isn't unusual now for smallish airports to be controlled from a distant location.

      --
      Quattuor res in hoc mundo sanctae sunt: libri, liberi, libertas et liberalitas.
    8. Re:What happens when video is lost? by Michael+Woodhams · · Score: 1

      I think your solution is too expensive for all but major airports. I think the airport-sized selfie stick will be much cheaper.

      --
      Quattuor res in hoc mundo sanctae sunt: libri, liberi, libertas et liberalitas.
    9. Re:What happens when video is lost? by brunes69 · · Score: 1

      The idea that a human air traffic controller at any modern airport would do ANY better without video or radar is ridiculous.

    10. Re:What happens when video is lost? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Either from a technical glitch, power outage, or whatever.

      Same thing as happens now with lost comms:

      * http://code7700.com/lost_communications.html
      * http://www.m0a.com/ifr-lost-comm-procedures/
      * http://scottsasha.com/aviation/handbook/ifrcommfail/avef.html

      While ATC rarely has equipment failures, they do happen, and there are procedures.

      Generally, anyone already cleared goes in as they were authorized. After a certain point you'd probably operate as a non-towered airport:

      * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-towered_airport

      It's generally called "uncontrolled" airspace, but a better term is "pilot controlled", as the pilots communicate/organize between themselves:

      * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandatory_frequency_airport

    11. Re:What happens when video is lost? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's generally called "uncontrolled" airspace, but a better term is "pilot controlled", as the pilots communicate/organize between themselves:

      * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandatory_frequency_airport

      See also:

      * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_traffic_advisory_frequency

    12. Re: What happens when video is lost? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      BING BING BING fuel low fuel low
      and then later
      BUZZ BUZZ BUZZ FUEL CRTICAL FUEL CRTICAL

    13. Re:What happens when video is lost? by brambus · · Score: 1

      So there's two aspects to this: the controlling aspect and the surveillance aspect. Airports with low traffic volume are fine with procedural controlling (no need for high traffic density) and airports with high traffic volume can afford ground radar. The surveillance aspect is almost pointless. In good visibility, it's very low priority (aircraft can see each other anyway) and in poor visibility, which is when it's most needed, it doesn't work anyway. Mind you, I'm talking about some sort of automated optical surveillance system. Not just a bunch of cameras relaying a video feed to a remote human controller - that actually isn't a bad idea in itself. Also, an even cheaper and more reliable method is already being deployed, isn't weather-dependent either and doesn't require a multi-megabit fat internet pipe between airport and controlling station. Quite frankly, an automated optical system is pointless.

    14. Re: What happens when video is lost? by GuB-42 · · Score: 1

      Probably this, no joke.
      Control towers (the building, not the ATC as a whole) are for watching what happens on the ground, so yes, you can tell all the planes that are not obstructing the runway stay where they are.

    15. Re:What happens when video is lost? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Flights are required to carry sufficient fuel to reach an alternate destination. If one airport has to close, they land somewhere else. The way it has always been...

    16. Re:What happens when video is lost? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That works well for the small plane that crashed and has no working radio. (or the pilot is dead)

    17. Re: What happens when video is lost? by w3woody · · Score: 1

      Pilots at those airports simply revert to the rules surrounding uncontrolled airports--which is to coordinate with other pilots at the same airport on the tower frequency in order to work out (according to some well defined rules) who has landing and takeoff priority.

      Some information here: FAA: Operations at non-towered airports

    18. Re:What happens when video is lost? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In good visibility, it's very low priority (aircraft can see each other anyway)

      Oh they can, can they?

      http://flighttraining.aopa.org...

    19. Re: What happens when video is lost? by AnonymousCoward67 · · Score: 1

      I would guess that Ã-rnskÃldsvik probably have one or two flights per hour during peak time, and Sundsvall slightly more.... This is old news btw. I even think it has been on slashdot before. Still interesting though.

    20. Re:What happens when video is lost? by Michael+Woodhams · · Score: 1

      So now we've simultaneously video tower failure, a plane that must land rather than divert, a light plane crash, and the fact of the light plane crash is unknown to the controller and pilot of the incoming flight. I'll take those odds.

      The answer is the incoming flight lands on top of the crashed light plane, which is probably what it would have had to do anyway if the cameras were operating, given that we've established it is unable to divert. The incoming flight suffers 0-50% casualties and is a hull loss.

      --
      Quattuor res in hoc mundo sanctae sunt: libri, liberi, libertas et liberalitas.
    21. Re: What happens when video is lost? by macpacheco · · Score: 1

      Nope, that's not how ATC works.
      Aircraft can be re-routed.
      ATC almost never looses radio.
      And with the migration to ADS-B, while keeping the requirement for transponders, radar will have two completely independent parallel systems (the old transponder based and the new ADS-B/GPS based one).
      ADS-B infrastructure is a LOT cheaper than secondary radar (the stuff that talk to transponders), so having everything 100% redundant is logical.
      Also, secondary radar requires to be close to aircraft to allow for tight separation. ADS-B towers only need to have line of sight with aircraft to receive their signals.
      But should radar fail, there are procedures to cope with that.
      Throughput is greatly reduced, but aircraft can still land. In a busy airport should radar fail takeoffs might be greatly delayed.
      ADS-B also allows aircraft to self separate, they see each other without need for radar. This should one day allow for much higher traffic density even in airports without towers.

      Its not by accident that flying is the safest way to go. Everything is carefully though out. And technology is helping even further.
      2020 ADS-B mandate is coming. ATC will know where aircraft are within a few meters, where they are going.

    22. Re:What happens when video is lost? by stoatwblr · · Score: 1

      "the incoming flight lands on top of the crashed light plane"

      Final responsibility for aircraft safety lies with the pilot. If the controllers clear you to land and there's an obstruction on the runway, you _WILL_ say so and go around.

      I know, because it's happened to me. The tower controller was extremely apologetic afterwards.

    23. Re:What happens when video is lost? by ChrisMaple · · Score: 1

      How well does the "sufficient fuel" requirement work when an airport closes after you've spent a half hour circling, waiting for an open landing time slot?

      --
      Contribute to civilization: ari.aynrand.org/donate
  3. Hackers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Seems like that would make it vulnerable to malicious hackers. Just like self-driving cars, it sounds like an asinine idea.

    1. Re:Hackers by phantomfive · · Score: 1

      Seems like that would make it vulnerable to malicious hackers

      It doesn't need to be.....it doesn't even need to be connected to the internet.

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    2. Re:Hackers by jones_supa · · Score: 1

      It's likely that they would just use Internet. Private circuits are rare these days.

    3. Re:Hackers by Knightman · · Score: 1

      Not really, in Sweden it's quite cheap to lease a dedicated line. The price point for 1Gbit/s is less than $4000/month.

      --
      --- Reality doesn't care about your opinions, it happens anyway and if you are in the way you'll get squished.
    4. Re:Hackers by l0n3s0m3phr34k · · Score: 1

      In this industry they are more common than you think. I don't work directly in ATC, but I do work at the old SABRE building and we manage several large airline systems...from the PCs to the kiosk, os390's and IBM Z mainframes. Many sites have private circuits as redundants and now use VPNs across the net, but just this morning we had to have some clients switch over to the private circuits to get into a particular data center. Many airports have them linking back to various data centers, but they don't use them except in the even of the primary VPN failing.

    5. Re:Hackers by l0n3s0m3phr34k · · Score: 1

      I guarantee it will be though. All the reservation, maintenance and engineering (M&E), various FTP / SAP / Oracle / IIS etc is all connected through the internet. But all that stuff is strictly AA, USAIR, etc equipment and I don't know about the companies that run the ATC.

    6. Re:Hackers by GuB-42 · · Score: 1

      You don't need to be a skilled hacker to royally mess up ATC.
      All you need is a sufficiently high powered radio transmitter tuned to ATC frequencies. The kind you find in light aircraft may be sufficient. I don't recommend it though as you will piss of a lot of people that hold various kinds of badges that all mean trouble in this situation.

  4. Why human in the loop? by marciot · · Score: 1

    It would seem being an air traffic controller would be an easily automated task.

    1. Re:Why human in the loop? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      Because they need to relay verbal commands and respond to certain calls which may not be easily recognisable.

      Have you ever heard how garbled a radio is? Imagine running voice recognition on that.

    2. Re:Why human in the loop? by schnell · · Score: 1

      It would seem being an air traffic controller would be an easily automated task.

      So it would seem. But there are a lot of them today, and axing human workers in favor of computers - even if the computers can do the job better - is always contentious.

      This appears to be one of those issues where the Slashdot "horde" is of two minds: 1.) Technology is awesome and more reliable! and 2.) Down with automation when it replaces human jobs (or down with even replacing national human jobs with international ones)! From what I understand, given the more generally socialist and "universal welfare" stance of Scandinavian countries (with their low immigration rates and [in some cases] petrochemical trust funds), it would seem like even more of a battle to replace human workers.

      As they say, "where you stand depends on where you sit," and I will be curious to see where the Slashbot majority falls on this particular question of automated coolness vs. white collar (not tech per se but definitely middle class) local jobs. Are those (at least in the US, unionized) jobs more important than potentially better results for all travelers through improved technology?

      --
      "95% of all Slashdot .sig quotes are incorrect or completely fabricated." -Benjamin Franklin
    3. Re:Why human in the loop? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sweden has a very high immigration rate. 15% of their population is foreign born. That's higher than the USA.

      Only one Scandinavian nation has an oil fund. That's not cases with an s.

      Scandinavian nations are usually among the first when it comes to adopting new technology to replace workers. They have a high cost of unskilled labor, lots of them work in high tech making those machines, and most of them would rather deal with a machine in order to avoid talking to a stranger. Let's not forget their generous unemployment benefits either.

    4. Re:Why human in the loop? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why air traffic control specifically?
      Air traffic control is actually much harder than a host of jobs we haven't automated yet.
      The majority of diagnostic and prescriptive work done by general practitioners could be automated at this point. In that situation, the medical industry and the trust factor are preventing it. Even so, we could replace the majority with a computer system and require only a small percentage that we currently have with lower pay and training demands.

    5. Re:Why human in the loop? by multimediavt · · Score: 1

      There are too many qualitative judgements needed to control air space and ground traffic at an airport. The cost of developing and deploying all the sensory technology, adequate backups, etc. is almost a deal breaker right there.

    6. Re:Why human in the loop? by jones_supa · · Score: 1

      It would seem being an air traffic controller would be an easily automated task.

      ATC work also requires creative thinking and responding to various unexpected situations. Not impossible to automate, but quite challenging.

    7. Re:Why human in the loop? by bruce_the_loon · · Score: 1

      How would a computer do a task like this. Aircraft is on final approach, 300m from the end of the runway when it drops suddenly and crashes over the final row of landing lights and skids to a halt on the hit point of the runway? How does the computer detect that, determine that it is an accident and then respond.

      Sometimes you just need humans who are watching what is going on and capable of instant recognition of what is happening.

      --
      Trying to become famous by taking photos. Visit my homepage please.
    8. Re:Why human in the loop? by Sun · · Score: 2

      Aireplane: "Mayday mayday mayday"
      Computer: "You seem to be writing a letter!"

    9. Re:Why human in the loop? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You want to fly a plane start ms flight simulator?

      Start at default airport Meigs Field?

    10. Re:Why human in the loop? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not to mention US pilots and controllers' love of non-standard R/T phraseology. Honestly, it's like America has developed its own language for aviation and there's an ongoing competition to give and repeat instructions as fast as possible.

    11. Re:Why human in the loop? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Oh yes, the classic "it's all really simple" Slashdot comment from someone who has no knowledge at all about the subject matter. Good one.

      (And yes, I used to work in ATC. In Sweden no less...)

    12. Re:Why human in the loop? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah because talking to THIS JACKASS at ATC was so helpful.

      He even denies his mistake afterwards, typical American dickhead.

  5. Unpredicted situations by Aethedor · · Score: 2

    Computers are good at doing things that it has been programmed to do. When everything goes as plan, nothing unpredicted happened, everything will be fine. But when some unpredicted situation appears, unforseen bad weather, failing engine or equipement on board of an airplane, an object on the runway, you name it, that's where the computer will fail. And those are the moments when the judgement of a person, an aircontroller, is needed. An unmanned air traffic control tower? I'm not sure, but it sounds like a recipe for accidents to me.

    --
    It doesn't have to be like this. All we need to do is make sure we keep talking.
    1. Re:Unpredicted situations by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hey grandpa, how are you posting from 1969?

    2. Re:Unpredicted situations by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This. Autopilots can fly planes pretty well 99.9% of the time too. The reason for the expensive human pilots in the front seats is for the other 0.1% of the time. See the rather sad looking Speedbird parked at Las Vegas for a recent example of when having humans in the system saves lives.

      ATC automation would be the same, until some edge case in the programming causes mayhem. An example from the top of my head might be a plane that came to a halt a few inches past a stop line on a taxiway, therefore technically "blocking" the runway - the computer will start sending all the incoming flights around as the runway's not 'clear', whereas a human controller would most likely show judgement in keeping the runway open. The really difficult thing is in programming how much judgement to give the computer while maintaining safety - and of course in apportioning blame when an incident does occur.

    3. Re: Unpredicted situations by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Did you reply to the wrong post? Those are valid points. Programmers make mistakes or may not be able to think of all possible corner cases or hardware failure.

      If you easily dismiss safety issues, I hope you are not in any position of power.

    4. Re:Unpredicted situations by multimediavt · · Score: 1

      ATC and flying a plane are not even remotely similar programming problems. If you think they are, I suggest you do some more research and a lot more thinking. There are too many qualitative issues with air traffic and ground control to simply program around. Here's an example:

      You have three flights with the exact same fuel load that need to land. One has a pregnant woman aboard that is going into labor or otherwise has a medical emergency, one has a convict on board being extradited and the other is full of families and others under normal travel conditions. How does the computer get notified of such conditions and how does it make the judgement to land one plane over the other two?

      That kind of scenario plays out daily in the skies over the world, but no one says boo about it because it gets handled by a human that can make a value judgement on the fly without a code upgrade! Sorry, as long as there are humans involved anywhere in the model, even as cargo, there will always be conditions that you cannot program around. It's honestly one of the things that bugs me about self-driving cars. It'd be fine if everyone had them, but as long as there are humans behind the wheels of other cars, things like the odd deer that likes to jump in the road, bicyclists and pedestrians I still have some doubt in their current state. There are some talented programmers playing the what-if game and doing a superb job of defining the behavior of autonomous vehicles, but their creations aren't anywhere near what we can do with some simple rules and a brain when it comes to value judgements.

    5. Re:Unpredicted situations by Aethedor · · Score: 3, Interesting

      No. I'm a 39 year old IT security professional. Seen a lot of systems, seen a lot of code, seen a lot of things going wrong. Simply because of this. This is more than 30 years of computer experience speaking. Back to you.

      --
      It doesn't have to be like this. All we need to do is make sure we keep talking.
    6. Re:Unpredicted situations by Invalidator · · Score: 1

      I agree with your post. And it's exactly why I find self-driving autos a ridiculous idea.

      --

      ~_~ Not tonight, dear, I have a modem.

    7. Re:Unpredicted situations by thegarbz · · Score: 1

      Erm no I disagree. There is very little room for judgement in this field. You're talking about a field which has mastered the art of working based on emergency procedures. Stuff on the runway? Procedure for that. Emergency on a plane? Procedure for that. Bad weather? Procedure for that. You name it, I'm sure they will have a procedure for that too.

    8. Re:Unpredicted situations by Aethedor · · Score: 1

      Sure. But you expect a computer to always detect any kind of object on a runway? How can it know about an emergency situation on board of a plane? You expect every plane to have some sort of button panel on board for every kind of situation? Pregnant woman in labor? Press this button. Aggressive passenger? Press this button. Passenger with heart attack? Press that button. A plane in trouble leaked fuel on the runway. How's a computer supposed to detect that?

      Yes, these are exceptional situations. But it is exactly these kind of situations where things can go from bad to catastrophic if the right decisions are not made. And I don't trust a computer to be able to do that. At least not better than a human being.

      --
      It doesn't have to be like this. All we need to do is make sure we keep talking.
    9. Re:Unpredicted situations by l0n3s0m3phr34k · · Score: 1

      Or a drive going out, routers that are supposed to be a pair but someone forgot to set the sync, a cable getting accidentally unplugged...this isn't just code but also a ton of hardware. This is RTC (real time coverage) level stuff with a window of potentially seconds to respond. If there is some system glitch at a busy airport while planes are trying to land in bad weather, and no one is actually IN the tower to take over things could go really bad.

    10. Re:Unpredicted situations by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      a recent example of when having humans in the system saves lives.

      This is what people ignore when they bring up things like crashes due to pilot error.

    11. Re:Unpredicted situations by thegarbz · · Score: 1

      Sure. But you expect a computer to always detect any kind of object on a runway?

      Yes. That's a far easier problem to solve than something as complicated as identifying location of planes using video feeds (which they have also solved).

      How can it know about an emergency situation on board of a plane? You expect every plane to have some sort of button panel on board for every kind of situation? Pregnant woman in labor? Press this button. Aggressive passenger? Press this button. Passenger with heart attack? Press that button. A plane in trouble leaked fuel on the runway. How's a computer supposed to detect that?

      Not at all. Just one button. They already have this. From the air-traffic control the situation is the same in every scenario, get the plane on the ground. Now that's not where it needs to end. A lot of airports are run and managed remotely, and who's to say that emergency can't relay to an actual person somewhere in a call center? After all the task of landing the plane remains unchanged from an air-traffic control point of view, the only differences are what kind of response is waiting on the ground.

      But it is exactly these kind of situations where things can go from bad to catastrophic if the right decisions are not made. And I don't trust a computer to be able to do that. At least not better than a human being.

      I will have to continue to disagree. These problems are scripted and prescribed, and I trust a computer over a human to make these kinds of decision any day. But we can both have our way. None of these disasters require instant response unlike say a person stepping out in front of a car. Unmanned airports already exist, so there's no stretch to have a human handle a situation when the computer's response is deemed unsatisfactory by the pilot. This is also consistent with the way an aircraft is operated anyway. Computer does almost everything, but the pilot gets to decide if it remains turned on.

  6. what happens when die hard 2 happens? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    send bruce willis? he's already getting to old for that skiten.

  7. Happening Downunder by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    SAAB Australia and Airservices Australia are currently working on a remote tower trial for Alice Springs airport. The controllers will be approximately 1300 km away in Adelaide.

    1. Re:Happening Downunder by MadMaverick9 · · Score: 1

      But the subject line states "The Air Traffic Control Tower of the Future Doesn't Include Humans".

      So who or what are those "controllers" in Adelaide? Aliens? Robots?

      This is not about taking humans out of the loop, but simply consolidation to save money. Sickening.

      And let's not even talk about safety. Because the workload and stress for those one or two controllers controlling several airports will go up dramatically.

    2. Re:Happening Downunder by GumphMaster · · Score: 1

      The headline is consistent with the article, which does not say there were no humans involved.

      At the Ornskoldsvik Airport, one control tower has nobody inside. However, the tower continues to perform its job of guiding planes to the ground safely. The person who controls the landing is in another complex, roughly 90 miles away. That individual has access to cameras which reportedly function better than the average human eye.

      That is, the tower building is not manned but there is still a human controller or controllers. Precisely what is being trialled in Alice Springs only with longer distances. It is partly about consolidating the controllers in a less remote area: easier to get people to live there, more likely to retain experienced staff, easier to maintain training currency. This is similar to the existing concentrations of sector controllers in Brisbane and Melbourne, only with different sensor inputs.

      --
      Patent litigation: A doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction... in which everyone seems willing to push the button
    3. Re:Happening Downunder by JakartaDean · · Score: 1

      Agreed and this is where I see good potential. There are many, many airports and airstrips around the world used very infrequently. Some I have visited cannot stay open at all without local government support. Paying full time staff to help land one plane a day is a huge inefficiency that this solves.

      --
      The subject who is truly loyal to the Chief Magistrate will neither advise nor submit to arbitrary measures (Junius)
  8. Foreignese by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Örnsköldsvik.
    Sundsvall.

    How hard can it be?

  9. You are using the real address when you register? by fakeaddressgenerator · · Score: 1

    I think sometimes need to use fake addresses, because the risk of leaks if we use real address

  10. It's "Sundsvall", not "Sunvsal". by Trracer · · Score: 4, Informative

    Nice to see a story about stuff around my neighbourhood. Too bad they got the name wrong tho :(

    --
    English is not my first language, so cut me some slack -: Om du kan lasa det har sa kan du Svenska :-
    1. Re:It's "Sundsvall", not "Sunvsal". by strikethree · · Score: 1

      Nice to see a story about stuff around my neighbourhood. Too bad they got the name wrong tho :(

      Yeah, but English does not have a 'd' character. O-o

      --
      "Someone needs to talk to the tree of liberty about its ghoulish drinking problem." by ohnocitizen
  11. How is this news? by mnmn · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Remote ATC controllers are very common in Canada and USA (Peterborough for example). How is this anything new?

    Nav Canada has had ATC controllers sit in the ATC facility at Pearson airport while controlling multiple other airports for years or maybe decades. This is very common practice and all pilots know what an RCO is.

    The only difference I can spot here is they get webcams. That's hardly an important bit as the ATC never has to have visual of the plane. In a controlled airport the pilot just has to declare I have visual and thats good enough. Works similarly for taxiing aircraft.

    --
    "Give orange me give eat orange me eat orange give me eat orange give me you." -Nim Chimpsky
    1. Re:How is this news? by multimediavt · · Score: 1

      The difference is the type of airport. You reference a general aviation example, while the article is talking about a commercial airport. Sundsvall airport handles over a quarter million passengers per year.

    2. Re:How is this news? by brambus · · Score: 1

      The difference is the type of airport. You reference a general aviation example, while the article is talking about a commercial airport.

      No, there are tons of commercial airports without radar coverage and with only procedural control and they manage perfectly fine. Imagine this, they're able to operate even in bad weather when controller can't see the planes! What unholy sorcery!

      Sundsvall airport handles over a quarter million passengers per year.

      Holy tits, when you write it like "quarter million" it sounds so bombastic! But in reality it averages out to one aircraft movement about every 1-2 hours (and that's being generous with daytime-only operations). Yawn...

    3. Re:How is this news? by dinfinity · · Score: 1

      There are different levels of ATC, handling progressively smaller and more detailed areas.

      The tower is part of local control, which includes actually looking at runways to ensure they are clear. I take it you can find the wikipedia page of ATC yourself.

    4. Re:How is this news? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Apparently the idea is that there is no human intervention at all (because "com00ters are kewl!", likely)...except that there is, as the controller is merely in another building.

    5. Re:How is this news? by RabidReindeer · · Score: 1

      Air traffic controllers come in basically 3 flavors: airport, regional, and international. Regional and international are more or less similar except that the international controllers are dealing with trans-oceanic traffic and apt to use shortwave or satellite radio for communications.

      There are only around half-a-dozen or so regional ATCs in the USA. These centers may use long-distance communications links to unmanned satellite sites as the original setup was based primarily on ground radar and VHF communications, both of which have range limitations. So that part of the "no humans" systems has existed for decades.

      The difference here is in making the airport air traffic control run as a satellite as well. I'm not comfortable with that, since the last line of defense in case everything else goes down at the airport would be having controllers direct planes in by eyeball. Which might be a challenge when you're talking someplace like Atlanta, but at least it's better than nothing.

      There are some things that just really shouldn't become too efficient. In the SF Bay area, someone's been cutting major Internet cables. Consider the chaos that could cause if critical air traffic data and communications was going over those lines. Especially, since more than one airport might be fed from the same set of cables, thus removing control not only from primary landing facilities, but their backup locations as well.

    6. Re:How is this news? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's is not just that they are transfering the radar, its the whole thing, everything is remote they have a complete picture of the airport via cameras.

    7. Re:How is this news? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Please name one airport that has regular passenger jet service and doesn't have ATC tower service (radar or not is irrelevant in the context).

    8. Re:How is this news? by ebvwfbw · · Score: 1

      Nothing new. Just let them think it's something new and since it's something in Europe, it's great.

      New to Europe, they're catching up to North America again.

      At some point the Japanese will pick it up, vastly improve on it.

  12. The problem comes when we americanize this... by Shadow+of+Eternity · · Score: 1, Insightful

    and try to make half as many air traffic controllers do twice the work.

    --
    A bullet may have your name on it but splash damage is addressed "To whom it may concern."
    1. Re:The problem comes when we americanize this... by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 1

      Precisely this was happening in the late 1970's. It's one of the reasons the air traffic controllers when on their infamous strike in 1981. The personnel _could not_ do their jobs well with 40 hour work weeks, their attention would wander, even for a moment, with the high workloads and much poorer instrumentation available to them and they needed to be able to come in, especially after inevitable double or even triple shifts due to short staffing.

    2. Re:The problem comes when we americanize this... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No need for claiming this is "Americanizing" it - that's already their end goal. From TFA:

      Potential future plans include grouping every airport controller together at distant facilities in order to save costs of running multiple air traffic control towers.

      According to experts at the LVF Group, computers are quicker than humans at recognizing differences in the transmission by about one second, a critical amount of time in the high stakes world of passenger aviation. Saab representative Niclas Gustavsson thinks that “eventually there will be no (manned) towers built at all.”

      First show me a country where the rich don't try to get richer without care that it comes on the backs of the less rich.

  13. Will include humans by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Will still need humans around to do this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk_down_aircraft_landing

    How will the computers give directions to pilots that have landed their planes successfully but got lost on the way to the gate? Apparently it does happen.

    Or the instructions are given but the pilot doesn't understand the accent they were given in? The computer might just repeat the same thing over again which may not help. Whereas a human ATC is likely to try to say it in other ways.

    Definitely wouldn't be able to replace some of these: http://footflyer.com/Articles/JustForFun/AviationHumor/air_traffic_controllers.htm ;)

  14. You need at least one human. by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

    You need at least one human, because dogs can't open cans of food for themselves.

    --
    Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  15. Been running at Alice Springs for a while by lordlod · · Score: 1

    Alice Springs in Australia has been testing this system for a few years. Unfortunately I'm not sure how it worked out as I am no longer working in the field.

    The Alice airport has an interesting problem. Basically there aren't a lot of flights and in a normal situation the airport would not have tower controllers. However the flights that are there tend to come in dense waves, so the risk is higher than the average numbers would indicate and they had to have a controller. I also believe that they lost money on the airport because fees are charged per plane that lands.

    The hope of the remote system is that they could have a team on staff for the few hours a day that control was required and the rest of the time the airport would run uncontrolled and the staff could be utilised elsewhere.

  16. In soviet russia... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    > Video from the cameras is transmitted to Sunvsal Airport, where a controller guides the planes.

    Corrected for you:

    Video from the cameras is transmitted to Sunvsal Airport, where a swedish controller thinks (s)he guides the planes, but in fact the link has been hijacked by a russian military affiliated cyber-crime gang, who are placing planes on collision path for fun, profit and greater glory of the motherland. In other words: Input - Output is now Putin - Putout.

  17. Airport control != Air Traffic Control by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This is not ATC ... it's airport ground control... it would be idiotic to try to perform ATC seperation using cameras only...

    1. Re:Airport control != Air Traffic Control by cstacy · · Score: 1

      This is not ATC ... it's airport ground control... it would be idiotic to try to perform ATC seperation using cameras only...

      Ground Control is ATC, and it's also one of the most dangerous areas.

  18. Get the spelling right by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    s/Sunvsal/Sundsvall/ s/Ornskoldsvik/Örnsköldsvik/

  19. Hijacking by Etherwalk · · Score: 1

    Because they need to relay verbal commands and respond to certain calls which may not be easily recognisable.

    Have you ever heard how garbled a radio is? Imagine running voice recognition on that.

    This. Remember the first indicator they had of an airplane hijacking on September 11 was a garbled transmission. An automated ATC probably wouldn't have realized what it was.

    1. Re:Hijacking by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Thank goodness the ATC was able to figure out what was going on in time to prevent that dastardly plot!

  20. In The Future, There Is No Tower by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Because yet another task is being shoved off to pilots by a government that can't write a budget properly and is always short on the money required to have an effective traffic control system.

    So, they pass an edict requiring ADS-B, effectively shoving air traffic control off to pilots to "self-manage."

  21. No Humans? by freak0fnature · · Score: 1

    Remote Tower is not the same as "Doesn't Include Humans". The way Saab treats their Air Traffic business units, I wouldn't be surprised if this fell apart. They need to start investing in it instead if sucking it dry.

  22. Not easy to automate by sjbe · · Score: 1

    It would seem being an air traffic controller would be an easily automated task.

    Lots of things seem simply to people unfamiliar with the task. In reality air traffic control is a very complex and high stress job. Remember that any automated system has to account for ALL the corner cases and weird situations that might occur because it is very literally a matter of life and death. If it was easy to automate air traffic control it would have already been automated. Humans are in the loop precisely because it is not a trivial task to automate and because humans (flawed though we are) are very flexible and adaptable to unusual situations.

    For example think about little things. How do you have an automated system that knows when there is too much ground fog to release planes for takeoff? Not an easy thing to automate. It's not just knowing where the planes are but also what conditions they are dealing with. You also have to communicate all that data to the ATC system in both directions and we simply don't have the technology to do that efficiently right now.

    That's not to say we shouldn't have a goal of automating air traffic control. We absolutely should automate it where possible. But it is not even close to being trivial to automate.

  23. One can only hope by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Get rid of air traffic controllers and pilots, and flying might become a relatively pleasurable undertaking. These prima donnas are outliving their usefulness very quickly, and these days they are good mostly to keep the rest of us hostage to their increasingly ridiculous demands.

  24. Wow! Ronald Reagan's dream comes true by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 1

    Fire all air traffic controllers, and we don't need no replacements!

    --
    sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
  25. Hacking and the extension of State Power by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    What happens when - not if - the control tower is hacked, and there are no humans there to take over?

    What happens when - not if - the State now that it is possible to do so gives itself the right to control all aircraft landings in the name of security and safety, and so extends its power to control the actual physical landing of all aircraft in the country?

    Remember also this will happen with cars, too, when they become driven by software, so the State will also have given itself the right to control the movement of every car in the country.

    Remember also that in the last ten years, the State - without asking or debate - gave itself the right (duly exercised) to record all communications.

    It will come to pass you will *not be permitted* to own a car or aircraft which is *not subject to direct control by the State*, in the name of safety and terrorism.

    1. Re:Hacking and the extension of State Power by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But think of how many lives would be saved and the low insurance rates. And don't forget the ability do drive home completely drunk. Those are worth more than than the minimal intrusions that will never be used.

  26. Repeat Pattern by JimSadler · · Score: 1

    Here we see another example of a trade being wiped out by machines. It is fine and wonderful but society still takes no efforts at all to come up with ways to help people whose careers come to a sudden end. Air controllers are a skilled group but endless retraining is no longer a real answer. We must support workers as technology displaces them.

  27. Its OK by rally2xs · · Score: 1

    The planes will probably be flying themselves by that time too.

    Really, this thing better be backed up to the hilt, 'cuz if it went down and all ATC were to cease, those planes aloft would be unlikely to be able to coordinate themselves to a safe landing and not be hitting each other.

  28. The Solution by cashman73 · · Score: 1

    Clearly, it's more cost-effective to run a single, huge air traffic control center in New Delhi or Mumbai for the entire planet than individual air traffic controllers scattered about. I hope pilots will be able to understand the thick accents.

  29. Neither does the company of the future. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Because nobody will have jobs.

  30. non-towered airports by cstacy · · Score: 1

    Please name one airport that has regular passenger jet service and doesn't have ATC tower service (radar or not is irrelevant in the context).

    Here's a few to start; there are lots more:
    UNV
    HDN
    GUC
    MTJ
    ACV
    CEC