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Apple CEO Tim Cook: I'd Require All Children To Start Coding In 4th Grade (thehill.com)

This week Apple CEO Tim Cook argued at Startup Fest Europe that coding should be a 'second language' taught to all children. theodp shares two quotes from a YouTube video. "We fundamentally believe that coding is a language and that just like other languages are required in school, coding should be required in school," Cook stated. "I do think coding is as important-- if not more important -- as the second language that most people learn in today's world," Cook later added... "I would go in and make coding a requirement starting at the fourth or fifth grade, and I would build on that year after year after year...I think we're doing our kids a disservice if we're not teaching them and introducing them in that way."
Meanwhile, The Hill reported this week that The Computer Science Education Coalition -- which includes Microsoft, Amazon, Google, Facebook, and dozens of other companies -- hired a fourth "advocacy firm" that specializes in "mobilizing groups of people to influence outcomes...to help convince policymakers to provide money to computer science education for grades K-12," and they're seeking an initial investment of $250 million. I'd be curious to hear what Slashdot readers think about government funding of grade school coding classes.

29 of 352 comments (clear)

  1. Why? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Has offshore labor gotten too expensive for Apple?

    1. Re:Why? by matbury · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I don't think it's so much about cheap labour, probably more about getting people to spend more time on computers and the internet. More consumers for their products and services among the coming generations.

    2. Re:Why? by uassholes · · Score: 4, Insightful

      No, it's about cheap labor. All kids are demanding access to electronics, they don't need coding classes for that.

    3. Re: Why? by prefec2 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      You totally missed my point. I did not say or imply people should not be taught math in school or basic reasoning. Quite the contrary. Kids should learn multiple languages, calculus, critical thinking. Their social development is also very important. Much more important than compulsory coding classes for 4th graders.

      Furthermore, we already had programs to engage people with CS in high school and a lot of promises so that parents and kids think it is a great idea to study CS. Since then the number of students increased, but the percentage of people who are able complete a bachelor decreased. Even though the courses are less complicated than they were. This has nothing to do with high horses. It is just an observation. We are not equal in our abilities. Some are better in one thing than in another. There are people who are brilliant and gifted and others are not so gifted. We are very different, but we are all humans and I do not define the worthiness of someone based on his or her abilities. That would be chauvinistic.

    4. Re: Why? by Bengie · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Describe a problem

      Understanding the problem in order to describe it is the single hardest part of programming. 80% of programmers don't understand problems, they throw code at a problem and see if the customer thinks it solves the issue. Most programmers rarely understand how their own code works. I question how good automatic code generators can become because human language is a horrible language to describe problems. 7% of communications is verbal, 60% of knowledge cannot be described with human language. I'm not math wiz, but unless a computer can learn how to interpret body language and tone and read between the lines, the best someone can communicate with a computer via natural language is about 7% * 60% = 4.2%.

      Unless humans magically become better at communication, automatic code generation is dead on arrival for all but the simplest of tasks.

  2. I'd argue we need more humanities by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I'd actually argue that we need a hell of a lot more humanities in our schools... learning about how to treat each other, what makes a good life, how to find purpose, learning from history, how to work together to create a society that works for everyone (not just an efficient, technocratic one where everyone who matters is staring at their laptop, and everyone else is condemned to minimum-wage servitude).

    Tech-inclined kids will find coding on their own -- I was writing QBASIC in 4th grade -- but it seems kids these days know far too little about history, government, and sometimes even basic civility, compared to the past.

    Then again, maybe I'm just getting old and crochety -- and old people have been complaining about kids for millenia.

    1. Re:I'd argue we need more humanities by thesupraman · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I counter your 'Tech inclined kids will find coding on their own' with:

      (Drum roll please)

      Parents should teach their children how to be good members of society, and it is not only not the place
      of schools to teach that, but it is explicitly overstepping their role to assume they have the right to teach
      children social values. Schools are for teaching facts and how to learn, not to shape hearts and
      minds (although they certainly think thats their job these days)..

      Or do you think some random teacher is the best person to decide on the social values or your child?
      Think about it..

    2. Re:I'd argue we need more humanities by BasilBrush · · Score: 1, Insightful

      It's not an either/or. Just because teachers teach children how to be decent members of society doesn't mean parents don't, or shouldn't. Standards of behaviour need to be required both at home and at school.

      The very fact that you say this suggests to me that you are not a decent person to be teaching kids social values. And if you do have kids, which hopefully you don't, I'm glad the school is there to fill in what you miss.

    3. Re:I'd argue we need more humanities by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I counter your 'Tech inclined kids will find coding on their own' with:

      (Drum roll please)

      Parents should teach their children how to be good members of society, and it is not only not the place
      of schools to teach that, but it is explicitly overstepping their role to assume they have the right to teach
      children social values. Schools are for teaching facts and how to learn, not to shape hearts and
      minds (although they certainly think thats their job these days)..

      Or do you think some random teacher is the best person to decide on the social values or your child?
      Think about it..

      Not at all. You'd like it that school was for that, I gather, but schools have always been, and still are, a social engineering tool. Their whole purpose is to turn children into successful members of society, and that involves teaching social values.

    4. Re:I'd argue we need more humanities by Baron+von+Daren · · Score: 3, Insightful

      An integral facet of any functional society is a core ethos or ethic that unites its citizens in common bond and in many ways defines the society itself. The language might be antiquated, but you know things like “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.”

      A social ethos goes beyond a sentence or a document and it can be difficult to define the extent of its scope, but the point here is that civil society requires things like, well civility, to function long term. Arguing that it’s the sole responsibility of parents to teach ethics is ideologically divorced from pragmatic reality. Any society worth its salt will invest in teaching its citizens the ethical requirements of being a member of that society. As usual, this could be a long and interesting discussion in and of itself, but I’ll leave it here.

      As for teaching all children coding; I’m not against it in the abstract, but I’ll stop well short of making it a core part of the curriculum during the entire educational process. Because humans are linguistic animals, and language is so closely tied to thought, coding is more than simply vocational training, but at the same time, we shouldn’t overestimate its importance. Juxtapose it with teaching a traditional language, for example: both shape the mind in the way only languages can, but traditional languages allow humans to interact with other humans, coding allows humans to interact with technology. Is one more important than the other? I don’t know that I can say definitively because the evolution of humanity has always been intertwined with our technologies, so it may be a false dichotomy. That being said, if I had to choose one thing for my children, that they exceled at communicating and interacting with other humans or with technology, I would choose the former.

    5. Re:I'd argue we need more humanities by ArmoredDragon · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Being a good member of society usually means you don't discriminate, bully, etc.

      That's nice and all, but it occurs to me that the message lately has been that you the only people you don't discriminate against are legally protected groups, and it's perfectly fine to discriminate against anybody else. For example, it's cool to bash rednecks, even though all of the ones I've met are some pretty honest working guys that are actually pretty fun to have a beer with, even though I don't like beer, or country music, or any of the other stuff they're in to. I mean shit, if rednecks were a minority group, people would shame you for using the term redneck.

    6. Re:I'd argue we need more humanities by Kokuyo · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I would be willing to bet hard cash that you are not content with the skill these parents nowadays show when it comes to morals, ethics and social behavior. Yet you think they should teach these values. Do you see where I'm going with this?

      We must get away from this thinking that everybody needs to be self-sufficient and skilled at everything. We need to diversify education and stop putting so much stock in marketable skills. That way lies slavery and cultural ruin.

      Human minds are too valuable to let them all be mined for productivity.

      I mean, let's be serious here. Would this world be a better place if that fidgety child back when had been given ritalin and told to sit still instead of being sent to dance lessons and grow up to become the choreographer behind Cats and Phantom of the Opera? She's a millionaire, by the way. I expect she doesn't cry herself to sleep that she never got that fancy career in HR that might otherwise have been open to her.

    7. Re:I'd argue we need more humanities by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Insightful

      Or do you think some random teacher is the best person to decide on the social values or your child?
      Think about it..

      Oh, it won't be some random teacher. The children will be indoctrinated as per Federal guidelines to make certain they become valuable comrades citizens who always think in the correct manner. Given the current curriculum, it's arguable that they've already begun.

  3. How about getting rid of H1B's with that by Joe_Dragon · · Score: 3, Insightful

    How about getting rid of H1B's with that

  4. Better idea. by DRMShill · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Troubleshooting. Everyone uses it at some point eventually. It's a pure and yet practical form of critical thinking. Teaching coding? Most people won't get much out of it I think.

  5. Oh for fuck's sake by JustAnotherOldGuy · · Score: 4, Insightful

    ""I would go in and make coding a requirement starting at the fourth or fifth grade"

    Not this "everybody gotta learn to code" bullshit again....

    Guess what? Jasper Johns thinks that everybody ought to learn to paint. Magic Johnson thinks everyone should learn to play basketball.

    They're ALL wrong.

    --
    Just cruising through this digital world at 33 1/3 rpm...
    1. Re:Oh for fuck's sake by uncqual · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Most people never directly use the Pythagorean theorem either (I don't count those in the construction trade who know the "3-4-5 rule" but don't realize why it works as "using it directly"), but we still teach it - should we stop doing that?

      I think teaching some programming (not "computer science" as the post seems to confuse it with) in grade school is appropriate. It gives early exposure to students to an area that may be of interest to them. It helps them understand a system where they give an unthinking machine instructions and the unthinking machine follows those instructions faithfully and, if they instructions are "wrong", give the wrong result blindly. It teaches them that details matter on a "larger" project -- too many students that I've worked with in Fourth through Eighth grade think "guessing" is an appropriate response to most any math problem if they don't know the answer, programming will reinforce that "guessing" isn't usually a great way to proceed in such situations. It also helps the student understand why the computer "makes mistakes" (i.e., it's almost always a programmer that made the mistake) and that to make a computer do something "it should be able to do" requires telling it explicitly what to do (I'm leaving out systems that "learn" here -- I don't think we will be trying to, in the near future, teach Fourth Graders how such systems work).

      --
      Why is there an "insightful" mod and why isn't it "-1"? If I wanted insight, I wouldn't be reading /.
  6. Really.... by johnsmithperson123 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    If I could get all kids to actually, well, read in the fourth grade under our current system I'd be happy. Let's get the essentials fixed before we start adding extravagances.

    1. Re:Really.... by swb · · Score: 3, Insightful

      This is why we got a letter in the school informing us that our son's standardized test scores in reading and math qualified him for the 'gifted and talented' category but that no programs were available in our school for such a qualification. But there are at least 3 programs at our school dedicated to serving the needs of various categories of hard to educate students.

      This is why educated white people and intelligent immigrants abandon urban school districts. All the resources are tied up in the Sisyphean task of trying to get every last impoverished minority from failed families to meet some performance parity with children not from those backgrounds.

      Moving some of that money to programs designed to challenge and enrich high achieving students is considered an act of racist white privilege designed to suppress minorities. Those children do just fine with the lowest common denominator curriculum and nothing should be done to further enhance their status position.

      I'm not kidding, our own district had a school board member who wanted to block remodeling of a school because the "affluent white students" already "had enough advantages".

  7. Learn to weld. by darthsilun · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Or sew.

    When I went to junior high school in the 70s, everyone (boys) had to take a round of industrial arts. Which included wood shop, metal shop, drafting, electric/electronic shop, print shop, etc. I think girls got home ec. Then in high school it was optional, and included auto shop and home construction. Pretty much every jr. high school and high school had all this stuff on the premises of every school in the system. (Los Angeles, FWIW. I believe it has all been dismantled now, thanks to Prop 13.)

    Schools now don't teach kids any of that stuff unless the kids decide to go to the voc tech high school. But where I live now, choosing the voc tech is an all or nothing deal, it's too far away to go to, if, e.g., you just wanted to take auto shop for a semester.

  8. Cook is no leader by SensitiveMale · · Score: 3, Insightful

    He may be a transport, scheduling, and efficiency expert, but he's no Jobs.

    Coding isn't another language. It requires a mindset. The vast majority of people don't want to code and will never have to code.

    I consider coding to require the same skills as a novelist. An author has to build a world, keep the entire construct in his mind, make changes, and understand how those changes affect things before and after.

    Apple is plowing forward due to Jobs' work and Apple under Cook has yet to release anything insanely great.

  9. What age did Tim Cook learn to program? by Dcnjoe60 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    At what age did Tim Cook learn to program? Probably wasn't in 4th grade and yet, he seems to be pretty successful. Instead of teaching kids to program, how about teaching them how to be creative thinkers. Teach them to be problem solvers. Then, if they do decide to program, they will have something to program.

    1. Re:What age did Tim Cook learn to program? by ljw1004 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      At what age did Tim Cook learn to program? Probably wasn't in 4th grade and yet, he seems to be pretty successful. Instead of teaching kids to program, how about teaching them how to be creative thinkers. Teach them to be problem solvers. Then, if they do decide to program, they will have something to program.

      In the UK in my generation, a large portion of kids learnt to program in 4th or 5th grade using "BBC B" computers and the "Logo" turtle graphics programming language. I think it was more common than not to have it connected via RS232 to a little turtle robot.

      I myself volunteered to teach in India for a year back in 1992 and I taught my 9th and 10th graders Logo too. It was a HUGE enabling vehicle for them to be creative thinkers and problem solvers, more so than any of the other classes they were taking.

      There are so many naysayers in these discussions who can only imagine a single intended outcome of "learn to code" which is that people will join the job market as coders. But it's far more than that...

      Coding is the best classroom activity for developing a child's intellectual+logical problem solving skills (craft+shop is for developing their practical problem solving skills; literature+debate for developing their rhetorical problem solving skills).

      Coding also enables them to be more intellectually adept participants in their society, by equipping them with the tools to make sense of the information-saturated world around them. They'll be able to whip up a spreadsheet to check their mortgage payments. They'll be able to scrape websites to make sense of a talking point, or just to have the autonomy to pick what media they consume rather than accepting what big media shovels down their throats.

  10. Re: Possible translation: by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Cook also doesn't have any kids. For him it is always "other people's kids."

  11. Re:Possible translation: by E-Rock · · Score: 4, Insightful

    He seems a lot like Balmer to me. Milking their existing product lines and introducing new products that just follow the competition.

  12. tax money by Gravis+Zero · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It seems to me that the CEO of a company that's dodging taxes shouldn't quibble over how our taxes are spent.

    --
    Anons need not reply. Questions end with a question mark.
  13. Re:It just won't work, and make more trouble later by dgatwood · · Score: 3, Insightful

    You have to have the fundamentals of AT LEAST algebra first.

    Without the math that underpins ALL computers, you can't program. Not even a spreadsheet.

    And this sort of excuse is why so few people understand how computers work. FWIW, I started learning to write BASIC code using the "Teach Yourself BASIC" series of books and tapes in first grade. The only thing hard about it was that I didn't understand multiplication or division, so I didn't really understand those parts of the exercises, but everything else was straightforward.

    In about third or fourth grade, I went to a music education conference with my parents, and went to a "Computers in Music" lecture, and they couldn't get their software to work. And suddenly, there I was, this little kid raising my hand and walking up to these college students and teachers to point out their typo.

    By fifth grade, I was writing Apple II programs for things like quizzing people on arbitrary subjects. I disassembled part of a computer in class just to point out the various electronic components inside it. And so on.

    By the time I took algebra in eighth grade, I was already teaching BASIC programming to other students. The concept of variables was second nature, so algebra came pretty easily. It was basically just a more advanced form of simplifying boolean expressions, just with numbers instead of booleans, and math instead of logical operators. And instead of assigning something to a variable and getting a result based on known values, you were figuring out what values those variables could plausibly have.

    So no, in my experience, learning to program makes learning math easier, not the other way around. Math has very limited value when it comes to learning how to write software. It certainly helps you understand how to do math with a computer, but that's a tautology. So you are technically correct that you can't learn how to do math in spreadsheets without knowing math. By that same standard, clearly you can't learn how to drive a car until you learn how to adjust the fuel-air mixture in a carburetor, because race car drivers have to know how to do that....

    It does not follow.

    --

    Check out my sci-fi/humor trilogy at PatriotsBooks.

  14. Re:I'd argue we need moalready to mucre humanities by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    How do You know that programmers who are also musicians are like that because music enables them to understand math? My bet is on any of the logical fallacies, especially post hoc (many technical schools have music because it is the easiest thing to teach technical people, but there is no causal effect between being capable to play and programming), joint effect (both math/programming and playing music requires a calm, analytical mind that is capable to withstand punishing amount of self-training), or even wrong direction (it is people who program who later become musicians, and not musicians who later become programmers).
    As for music teaching You skills that give You a leg up in math or make it easier to write code -- I'd like a citation for that, because that smells like absolute bullshit.

    As for grammar, I really don't know any, in any of the languages that I speak -- even my mother tongue. And the same is true for most of native speakers of any language -- do a test and ask a person who speaks a language as a native to codify it for You in nice and rigid forms of grammars. Let's not forget, that human grammar is rather different from mathematical and computer grammars -- more rigid and often too formal for most people to "speak", or even comprehend.

    The only part of this hilarious rant of Yours that I partially agree with is the history part, but that is of limited effect as well. Technology makes it rather hard, as it changes the playing field very rapidly. To give You an example: designing a new programming language today has the same problems as it did 40 years ago -- so that is the part that we can learn from. But it also has new and more exciting problems right now -- extensive libraries, debugger and syntax support for major IDEs and so on are now much more of an issue for a language to live or die.

    As for these things being vital to computer science -- You sound like a failed painter or a musician that learned to code to do anything useful in Your life. Yes, it is an ad personam, but that part really sounds like You provide a forced justification that something You had personally enjoyed also had a deep effect on programming -- that's a choice-supportive bias. Please, resist writing a sequential, causal narrative into Your life -- Your life was definitely much greater than that. My bet is that You feel that code works like music, because it does -- to You. You have an affinity for both, and had learned to operate abstractions found in music, and then partially reused some of these abstractions in programming later on. But the same thing could have happened to You by learning architecture, furniture design, bookmaking, medicine or gardening -- any abstraction learnned in any of these fields, or any indeed possible field, could potentially be reused in programming.

    Reducing humanities education is a solution. I would really love not to be tortured by classical literature, and having to paint or being forced to play a fucking flute. Not a single part of that was useful in my life, and I heavily doubt that it will. We really don't need as much humanities as people who wish to become musicians later on. And they don't need as much programming. How about we recognize talent as early as possible, and then help people recognize it -- and then, if they want it, help them develop it on their own. Stop education, it's a cancer of the soul.

  15. Re:CODING!? by Dahamma · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Welcome to the civilized world. It's entirely appropriate for the state to make sure the people who design our buildings and bridges, or who cut us open with surgical instruments, or who fly us from city to city in jumbo jets are actually qualified to do so.

    Are you doing any of those things? No? Then your "examples" are irrelevant.

    And yet, you were the one complaining that Tim Cook had the audacity to call what we do "coding"

    Because he clearly ISN'T A "CODER" (or whatever you want to call it). IMO it's perfectly reasonable for someone to object to another person with no clue inappropriately using terminology in their field while at the same time objecting to others with little to no clue trying to pigeonhole their "title" with arbitrary tests/certifications.