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Across US, Police Officers Abuse Confidential Databases (ap.org)

Sadie Gurman and Eric Tucker, reporting for Associated Press:Police officers across the country misuse confidential law enforcement databases to get information on romantic partners, business associates, neighbors, journalists and others for reasons that have nothing to do with daily police work, an Associated Press investigation has found. Criminal-history and driver databases give officers critical information about people they encounter on the job. But the AP's review shows how those systems also can be exploited by officers who, motivated by romantic quarrels, personal conflicts or voyeuristic curiosity, sidestep policies and sometimes the law by snooping. In the most egregious cases, officers have used information to stalk or harass, or have tampered with or sold records they obtained. No single agency tracks how often the abuse happens nationwide, and record-keeping inconsistencies make it impossible to know how many violations occur. But the AP, through records requests to state agencies and big-city police departments, found law enforcement officers and employees who misused databases were fired, suspended or resigned more than 325 times between 2013 and 2015. They received reprimands, counseling or lesser discipline in more than 250 instances, the review found.

42 of 185 comments (clear)

  1. Wherever data is collected, it is abused by sl3xd · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Am I just paranoid, or does it seem that everywhere personal data is collected, it is abused?

    --
    -- Sometimes you have to turn the lights off in order to see.
    1. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Indeed it is, which is why I make a point of adding noise to such databases whenever possible.

      Anything I'm not legally required to enter correctly, I could (and often am) just making stuff up. Transpose digits in a number here, get a birthdate wrong there, accidentally mistype a middle initial somewhere else, lie about the name of my first pet, etc.

      Better to not let the data be collected in the first place, of course, but increasing the noise level helps a little.

    2. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by HBI · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Of course it is.

      My grandmother was arrested several times during the Second World War on morals charges. Prostitution. Her mother (a very hard nosed woman indeed, battleaxe) ran a bar in Hoboken, NJ. She had three daughters who worked in the bar. During the war, they apparently supplemented their income working in the bar by providing services for custom for all the sailors passing in and out (ha) of the port doing convoys and such. There were fines and they were paid. When the war was over, she stopped making money that way, and got married shortly afterward*.

      Now, you may wonder how I know about this, since my grandmother was definitely not forthcoming about this. My mom doesn't know either. But I do. I know because an uncle (by marriage), a real busybody cop on the Hoboken force, went searching through old arrest records and found this. Then, he started talking about it to people. It takes a special kind of douche to tell someone's grandson that their beloved grandmother was a hooker, but there you have it. I literally pissed on the guy's grave when he died (he had other sins unrelated to this).

      So, while not all cops are all about this, a lot of them are. My grandfather was on the force and he never had anything to say about anyone. So there is a counter-example. But if the information is juicy, and it often is, people will make efforts to find it and use it in negative ways.

      * I think my grandfather knew because of the cryptic comment he made to me, "I married your grandmother to give her some class!"

      --
      HBI's Law: Frequency of calling others Nazis is directly correlated with the likelihood of the accuser being Communist.
    3. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      probably none...

      Probably. 9 Horrifying Botched Police Raids

    4. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

      What's wrong is the social stigma that makes you feel bad that your dear nana did a bit of hoing around when she was younger - total cultural double standard where if your grandpa got money for hooking up he'd be awesome. There's nothing wrong with being a ho, in fact your grandma sounds cool.

    5. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by HBI · · Score: 5, Funny

      She was. Her CB handle in the 70s was "Two Big Guns", a reference to her breasts.

      --
      HBI's Law: Frequency of calling others Nazis is directly correlated with the likelihood of the accuser being Communist.
    6. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by JustAnotherOldGuy · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Your grandmother and her daughters didn't do anything wrong; we all do what we have to do to survive.

      As a friend once said to me, "We all have the ethics we can afford." In other words, would I steal food if my family was starving? Damn right I would. I'd lie, cheat, and steal to feed my family.

      As for prostitution, personally I don't think it's wrong in any way (unless it's forced). It should be completely legal, and not viewed as immoral or "sinful" or whatever label the authoritarians and bluenoses want to put on it.

      Again, your grandmother and her daughters didn't do anything wrong. Your uncle is the shitbag in this scenario, and feel free to piss on his grave for me if you happen to have the chance.

      --
      Just cruising through this digital world at 33 1/3 rpm...
    7. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by flacco · · Score: 2

      > I literally pissed on the guy's grave when he died

      This brings up a counterpoint concerning data collection, though. There are a few graves I would like to piss on but I cannot find out where these people are buried.

      --
      pr0n - keeping monitor glass spotless since 1981.
    8. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Pretty sure male hookers are also generally looked down upon.

    9. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by HBI · · Score: 2

      I didn't say I was angry at all. I did say, obliquely, that I didn't need to know about it. It wasn't any of my goddamned business, and neither was it his.

      --
      HBI's Law: Frequency of calling others Nazis is directly correlated with the likelihood of the accuser being Communist.
    10. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by Jawnn · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Am I just paranoid, or does it seem that everywhere personal data is collected, it is abused?

      You are not paranoid. Neither were the framers of the U.S. Constitution who built in protections against such abuse. Alas, irrational fear on the part of those elected by, and who then swore to defend the rights of, the citizens, have been steadily chipping away at those protections. The terrorists have won.

    11. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by HBI · · Score: 3, Informative

      My older brother was killed when I was about 20. Sad times all around, he left behind two kids and it was a dumb accident with alcohol and drugs involved. Anyway, the same guy from the previous story was at the wake. In the line walking up to the casket, he was mouthing off to the other people paying respects, claiming that my father was responsible for his death and needed to own that. Which was ludicrous on its face, as my father was nowhere near where the accident happened, but hurtful at that kind of service. Inappropriate thing to say, and even if true shouldn't have been mentioned at that kind of service with his wife and kids around.

      I remember drinking to vomit that night and crying my eyes out with my father wishing we could go around the corner and kill the motherfucker.

      That was probably the worst one, but there are many more...

      --
      HBI's Law: Frequency of calling others Nazis is directly correlated with the likelihood of the accuser being Communist.
    12. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      Pretty sure male hookers are also generally looked down upon.

      Depends on the service(s) you select.

    13. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by ShaunC · · Score: 3, Interesting

      There are a few graves I would like to piss on but I cannot find out where these people are buried.

      While doing some genealogy research, I discovered the Billion Graves Project where I found a crystal clear 1600x1200 JPG of my grandparents' headstone. They have volunteers who go around taking pictures of all the headstones in a cemetery, then they're indexed online. In many cases, the exact location of the gravesite within the cemetery will be displayed on a map. Worth a look.

      --
      Thanks to the War on Drugs, it's easier to buy meth than it is to buy cold medicine!
    14. Re:Wherever data is collected, it is abused by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I'm not going to comment on the issue of prostitution.

      But as far as the social stigma or difference between a male that sleeps with many women vs a female with many men: it is much more difficult for a guy to get sex on demand with many women Most men want it, but only the top tier can obtain it. Meanwhile, even an average looking woman could find a different partner every night of the week, should she desire, simply by sitting at the bar.

      A key that opens every lock is a master key. A lock that's opened by every key is a shifty lock.

  2. I'm shocked! by Opportunist · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Power without oversight is being abused? For real? That must be a first in human history!

    --
    We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  3. Re:Pay your fair share! by Daemonik · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Yes, funny. Except all these databases keep getting approved by frightened idiots afraid of "the browns" who frankly don't believe their police will ever actually use the unconstitutional powers they've given them against THEM.

  4. Re:so 50/50 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Interesting

    That's *if you get caught*. More likely, if you get caught more than once or twice, or get caught in some really egregious violation (like bulk selling the data).

    Perhaps "a significant number" do get caught, but is that 90% or only 1% of the total occurances? I'd lean more towards the latter. What are the odds of getting caught the first time you do it?

  5. Re:Pay your fair share! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    "the browns"

    what you got against Cleveland?

  6. People with power are like children by houghi · · Score: 4, Insightful

    People with power and everybody else are like children.
    If your kid steals a cookie and you don't do anything, he will keep stealing cookies. He then will not steal them, but just take them. First you ask, then you beg and then you yell. He will still take the cookies.
    Put that kid on a timeout once and 99% of the kids will stop stealing cookies. The other 1% needs to be learned in other ways. But what will happen is if you put these together, the 99% will be an influence of the 1% and prevent the 1% of stealing the cookie.

    What have these kids learned? They have learned that there will be consequences. To be fair, sometimes the consequences are worth it. I would gladly stand in timeout for a GREAT cookie.

    However never getting a reprimand is the cause of the problem of escalated cookie stealing.

    --
    Don't fight for your country, if your country does not fight for you.
  7. True for most "confidential" databases by Solandri · · Score: 2

    Not just law enforcement. It's why you shouldn't store private data unencrypted on cloud services like Dropbox, Google Drive, OneDrive. Like Ned from GoT thinking a piece of paper signed by the king was going to protect him, you're a fool if you think some company policy prohibiting employees from perusing client data is going to protect you. Those cloud services really should be offering client-side encryption as a standard feature. That they don't should tell you that they are making money by browsing through your files to glean data about you that they can sell to others.

  8. Look to Healthcare by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I work at a hospital. We audit people's access to medical records. You can be, and people have been, fired for looking at their own medical record or the medical records of their minor children when that access was made in a way that does not directly relate to their job. You are required to ask for the information the same as any other patient.

    If only we could spread that kind of accountability and auditing...

  9. Simple fix, just requires money by Tablizer · · Score: 5, Interesting

    The solution is pretty simple, but often skipped:

    1) The reason for every search should be required and logged by the searcher. Example: "Related to case 12345, this person was a close match to the suspect description given by clerk at robbed market, who was interviewed by officer 84923 on Aug 7th." (In practice short-cut lingo can be used to reduce typing.)

    2) The logs be randomly spot-checked by an auditor(s) who verifies the reasons given by interviewing the person(s) who searched.

    3) The depth of the investigation will vary such that some will be pretty thorough. (Not every spot-check can be deep, but make enough deep to keep users on their toes.)

    4) Those who've failed past audits or enter poor records are audited more often.

    This won't catch every violation, but greatly reduces it because the search-user doesn't know which search will be audited and how deep the audit will be.

    The reason this is not implemented is that governments and/or tax-payers don't want to pay for logging features and auditors.

    1. Re:Simple fix, just requires money by swb · · Score: 2

      The reason this is not implemented is that governments and/or tax-payers don't want to pay for logging features and auditors.

      While the cost is real, I think it gets inflated or used as a red herring to prevent implementing audit features.

      Removing the ability to search at will is like taking away a job perk.

  10. Re:Would you rather they SHOOT YOU DEAD? by blackomegax · · Score: 4, Interesting

    World hunger is over because you ate today, too. Just because you don't see police brutality doesn't mean it's not infesting every police force in the country like a disease. Follow copblock or similar, watch all the videos. It's non-stop.

  11. Cogntive dissonance by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Somehow all the Trumpies on here are going crow at the injustice of this kind of abuse yet fail to see how it is directly analogous to the Stop and Frisk tactics that their hero repeatedly and strenuously advocated during Monday's debate....

  12. Re:Simple fix, just requires money [clarification] by Tablizer · · Score: 2

    Clarification:

    Re: "The logs be randomly spot-checked by an auditor(s) who verifies the reasons given by interviewing the person(s) who searched."

    Rewrite: "The logs be randomly spot-checked by an auditor(s) who verifies the reasons given by checking existing records, and interviewing the person(s) who searched if any discrepancies or gaps are found."

  13. Call centers have stricter rules by camg188 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Back when I was working at a call center (processing credit applications for several different companies) we had access to credit reports. If we looked up someone's credit report that was not applying for credit, it was immediate termination. I couldn't even look up credit reports for people that had the same last name as myself. If that situation came up, we had to transfer the application to a different service rep.

    Years later, I worked at a hospital. They had similar restrictions and consequences regarding patient records due to HIPPA regulations.

  14. Another possible fix by bangular · · Score: 2

    I heard an anecdotal story about the owner of several Wendy's franchises had issues with people stealing ketchup packets. So they decided to keep the packets behind the counter and patrons had to ask for them. Abuse went down by some huge number.

    I think officers have to radio into dispatch all the time (any time they pull someone over, see something suspicious, etc). Database access should be a 2-person deal. Dispatch gets a popup of searches the officer is doing when the officer radios in and dispatch has the opportunity to flag any suspicious access. I think just knowing someone is readily watching would greatly reduce abuse.

  15. Accountability by rlp · · Score: 3, Informative

    The databases in question hold information such as driver licenses, car registration, criminal histories,warrants, missing persons, etc. In Ohio the main law enforcement database is LEADS which also ties into national criminal justice databases, Access to LEADS is regularly AUDITED. People who misuse it are routinely prosecuted. These databases are very important to public safety. You can never prevent misuse, but you can hold users accountable for their use of the system.

    --
    [Insert pithy quote here]
    1. Re:Accountability by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Access to LEADS is regularly AUDITED. People who misuse it are routinely prosecuted.

      What do you mean by "prosecuted" and what fraction of people who misuse it actually get "prosecuted"?

      By "routinely prosecuted" you could mean that there is a regular (e.g. monthly or yearly) prosecution for misuse. But that doesn't say anything about how often people are discovered misusing it. For example, if you have 4 cases a day of discovered misuse, but 99% of those get a slap on the wrist and only 1% get prosecuted, you're still talking about 1 prosecution a month, which from the outside looks to be "routine prosecution for misuse".

      You can never prevent misuse, but you can hold users accountable for their use of the system.

      Agreed, but how accountable are they being held? Sure you can audit access (even AUDIT at the more strenuous all-caps level :-), but if only the egregious misuses are ever prosecuted, then everyone quickly figures out what does or does not rise to the level of a prosecutable offence, and everything that falls safely below that is viewed with a "yeah, you're not supposed to, but the worst that happens if you get caught is a reprimand". (I'm sure you can come up with a number of examples in your workplace of things which are technically against the rules, but everyone does anyway because they're no or weak enforcement. *cough* Slashdotting *cough*)

      To make the rules stick, you need to be serious about enforcement. For example, the place I work is associated with a hospital (no patient contact, though). In orientation they were *very* clear about the fact that trying to access patient records for any reason other than to treatment (including accessing records for patients you aren't treating) is grounds for *immediate* termination. I don't doubt there are doctors and nurses who let curiosity get the better of them, but if they're discovered, their ass hits the pavement.

  16. The most most seriously needed LEO database by ThatsNotPudding · · Score: 4, Insightful

    A nation-wide one that permanently keeps track of the psycho bullies that do all that the TFA mentions, along with the more generally-accepted assaults and murders they conduct that are rarely punished. Most of the time, these a-holes are told if they resign, they won't be prosecuted. Then, they just move across the country, or even just one desperate little burg over and they setup up their sadistic snuff career all over again.

    We talk about serial killers and offenders, but the ones we need to talk about AND TRACK are the serial abusers in LEO.

    1. Re:The most most seriously needed LEO database by alexo · · Score: 5, Insightful

      While it is true that there are a few officers that deserve jail time (and the do get it most of the time) 99.99% of the LEOs our there are the good guys.

      No, they are not.

      Because if they were, they would be fighting nail and tooth to get the 0.01% off the force and behind bars, where they belong.

      As things are, there are three kinds of cops:
      1. Dirty
      2. Complicit
      3. On the way out

      If you are looking for a group to fawn over, I suggest that volunteer firefighters are much more worthy of your respect.

    2. Re:The most most seriously needed LEO database by Voyager529 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I get, and to a certain extent agree with your premise that the newsworthy cases of police brutality are most certainly the exception and not the rule, there are two parts of your post with which I shall formally rebut:

      While it is true that there are a few officers that deserve jail time (and the do get it most of the time) 99.99% of the LEOs our there are the good guys. They go out every day with a target painted on their back to protect the rest of us for crap pay. I am fine if they want to make sure their neighbors/acquaintances/dates don't have drug or assault convictions. Using that information to blackmail is different, but just having the information is fine as long as they are responsible with it.

      I think the 99.99% figure is exaggerated, but I'll roll with it for the moment. I don't get to check if my date has an assault conviction. Just because the police office is in a place where such information is readily accessible doesn't mean that they are allowed to just use it for whatever they want. As an IT/support tech, I have remote access and admin passwords to dozens of servers for dozens of companies. Only once have I ever used one of my clients' servers for personal use, and that was to demonstrate a particular piece of software for a friend of mine, with explicit consent of the owner of that server. LEOs don't sign up to be LEOs with the promise of a $250,000 salary and then realize it's between $40K and 70K a year. That information is abundantly clear long before they ever step foot in the police academy. Access to my confidential data is not penance for making less money than a doctor or lawyer. Even if you are okay with it (as is your right), I am not. The question is which one of us should be able to impose our feelings upon the other.

      The second issue I have is with this part...

      Put yourself in their shoes. [snip] You have no clue if he just murdered his girlfriend, has $5M in heroine in the trunk, is off his meds or is high out of his gourd.

      Nope. But the foundation of everything LEOs are required to uphold is summed up in the following sentence: Innocent until proven guilty. Maybe he did just murder his girlfriend...but unless there's a dead body in the front seat, he didn't. Maybe he's got $5M of heroin in his trunk...but until there's probable cause to search the vehicle, he doesn't. Maybe he is indeed high...that will become bleeding obvious in about 30 seconds of interaction.

      If he is not obeying orders and is putting his hands in places where a weapon might be concealed, you have a very reasonable fear for your life. So while not 100% of police shootings are justified, you are a sociopath if you can't at least empathize with the people in our society who put their lives in danger to protect us from the criminal element.

      My level of empathy is strenuous at best, for two reasons. First, if the job is too hard, quit. It's not hard to stop being a police officer. There is no shame in saying, "being a competent police officer is too hard for me". It is a tough job, but the difficulties of that job are no secret. If someone signs up to be a police officer, they are signing up to carry a gun that they will hopefully never have to use, but are lawfully authorized to use far more liberally than the average citizen. With that authority should come accountability...and the perceived lack of said accountability is the root of the challenges at hand.

    3. Re:The most most seriously needed LEO database by david_thornley · · Score: 2

      Disobeying, talking back, hiding your hands, running, reaching for things are all good ways to get shot, and the officer will be perfectly justified as well.

      In other words, you have a list of offenses that deserve the death penalty. These include disobeying a police officer, regardless of whether the order is legal, heard and understood, or physically possible, as well as disagreeing with a police officer. If I'm using a camera to record what's happening in a police encounter, perfectly legally, and the police officer asks me to hand over the camera, and I either give him a reason why not or just don't hand it over, the police officer is "perfectly justified" in shooting me. (If I do hand over the camera, and the officer destroys it, destroying my personal property and potential evidence in a criminal prosecution, no amount of follow-up with the most cooperative police department is going to fix the situation completely.)

      The ONLY legitimate reason to shoot me is if I present a credible and serious threat to the officer or others, and there is no other way to handle the situation. If I"m running away, which is on your capital crime list, I'm presenting no threat to the officer, and if I'm not clearly armed I'm presenting no threat to anyone else.

      You are describing a police state, where the police can do what they wish and shoot any dissenters.

      --
      "When you have eliminated the unacceptable, whatever is left, however improbable, must be the truthiness" - Holmes
  17. Re:Would you rather they SHOOT YOU DEAD? by gurps_npc · · Score: 5, Insightful

    You display ignorance and a misunderstanding of statistics.

    Police are not angels, they are human beings. They are almost EXACTLY as honest as your average employed civilian. Studies show that 96% of them are not criminals, with another approximately 10% doing unethical but not clearly illegal things (such as 'not following protocal').

    You look at that and stupidly say wow, 96% is great.

    The rest of us look at that say 4% crooked means one in every 25 cops is an outright theif, and 10% shadey means that if you walk in to a police station and you will see a shady cop in every single squad room.

    We realize we need to write the laws based on those 4%, not the 96%.

    We also realize that that 96% - they are not the ones that end up shooting unarmed civilians. When a cop hits the news for questionable behavior, the odds are not 4% crooked or even 10% shady, but more like 30% crooked and 70% shady.

    --
    excitingthingstodo.blogspot.com
  18. Re:Don't worry! by Grishnakh · · Score: 2

    Yes, but they don't deserve to make that much money for one night of work.

    Hospital workers have to cover holidays too, and they don't win the lottery when they take that shift.

  19. Re:Pay your fair share! by HiThere · · Score: 2

    I don't think you understand what money is. The government has as much money as it chooses to print. Money is not value, and conversely.

    Now if you'd just held the line at power you would have had a good point, but then "pay your fair share" would have seemed irrelevant.

    N.B.: There *is* a relationship between money and power, but it's not a direct relationship, and an absolute amount of money has no particular value. What has value is what you can buy with it, and that depends on the total amount in circulation, how fast it's moving, etc., etc., etc.

    --

    I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
  20. Re:Would you rather they SHOOT YOU DEAD? by swalve · · Score: 4, Insightful

    That's kind of like the catholic church defense, where they say priests aren't statistically more likely to sexually offend than anyone else. Well, OK, sure, but really? They can't just shoot for good enough when they have extraordinary power/access.

    Also, those 96% are only good guys if you don't count how they won't "rat" on their brothers in blue and will defend them in spite of obvious evidence.

  21. Re:Pay your fair share! by Immerman · · Score: 2

    It's hard to deny that an awful lot of the "we need these powers to protect you against crime/terrorism" pitches have a not-so-subtle racial component. I mean you say "terrorist" and most people automatically think "Arabs", despite the fact that the vast majority of terrorists in America are white.

    --
    --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
  22. Re:Don't worry! by Grishnakh · · Score: 2

    Police unions are not at all like unions for corporate employees. The employer of the police is the government (at some level), which is elected by the people.

    Personally, I don't think the police should even be allowed to have a union. Their employer, the city government, does not have a profit motive like a corporation, nor is it owned by a single person or handful of people like privately-held companies.

  23. Re:Pay your fair share! by Immerman · · Score: 2

    terrorism
    noun
            the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims.

    Sounds like a pretty accurate description of, say, violent groups firebombing abortion clinics to advance extremist medical policies. Or burning crosses and even churches in an attempt to drive ethnic minority populations out of a region.

    I could go on, but I doubt I'll convince you anyway.

    --
    --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.