Slashdot Mirror


There's Even More Evidence That Fitness Trackers Don't Work (fortune.com)

Turns out it's really hard to persuade people to exercise -- even when they have access to how many steps they've taken, and even when they get paid for it. A staggering 90 percent of people stop wearing fitness trackers when given the choice. Fortune reports: In the new yearlong study, published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, researchers randomized 800 people in Singapore who had a full-time job into four groups. Some wore a Fitbit Zip and were paid a small amount of money to get moving -- which they were instructed either to keep or to donate to charity -- while others didn't wear Fitbits. Researchers measured their physical activity, weight, blood pressure, the body's ability to use oxygen (called cardiorespiratory fitness) and their self-reported quality of life. For the last six months of the study, all incentives were dropped, and people could choose whether or not to continue wearing their fitness trackers. (About 40% of people had stopped wearing it in the first six months anyway.) The cash seemed to work at first. Those who were rewarded with cash did an extra 13 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity each week and added 570 steps to their daily counts. Raising money for charity had no effect. But once the monetary rewards stopped, so did the improvements. By the end of the study, just 10% of people were still wearing the trackers.

25 of 160 comments (clear)

  1. Define "work" by JoeyRox · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The devices' primary purpose is their namesake - to track the physical activity of the owner. Whether or not that encourages the owner to be more active is another story. It would be like saying a new automobile doesn't work simply because it didn't encourage its owner to drive more.

    1. Re:Define "work" by gumbright · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Rightly said. I have been carrying a Fitbit for about 2-3 years now. Am I wonderfully fit now? Alas, no. Does it help me stay aware that I need to be more active and help me do so? Yep. If I look at the step number and its not close to what I want, then it can be that extra little push to make me go take a walk or something. To me its worth it for just that.

    2. Re:Define "work" by Daetrin · · Score: 5, Insightful

      And furthermore, fitness, in fact health in general, is one of those things that's hard to get and stay motivated for. Humans have very little incentive to go out of their way to stay in shape for most of their evolutionary history, so there's no one weird trick to the psychology for motivating yourself to stay healthy. Different tactics work for different people. If fitness trackers help 10% of the people stay motivated that's a success for those 10%, and the other 90% just need to try some other method until they hit on something that works for them.

      --
      This Space Intentionally Left Blank
    3. Re:Define "work" by hey! · · Score: 4, Informative

      Exactly. Here's the problem; MOST people naturally gain weight in a modern environment of desk work and easy access to massive amounts of calories. In this basically unhealthy environment a healthy person will gain unhealthy weight unless he (a) artificially restrains his calorie intake[note] and (b) artificially inflates his exercise output.

      Most people won't do those things, and therefore naturally tend to gain weight in a way that our ancestors of even fifty years ago didn't.

      And activity trackers won't magically change that. Slap one on some random person who is in a weight-gaining mode, and he'll almost certain remain in that mode. HOWEVER: if you want to be in the small minority of people who are successful, then a fitness tracker is useful.

      note: most diets that work by macronutrient selection (e.g. Atkins) when they work dos obecause people are sated on fewer calories.

      --
      Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
    4. Re:Define "work" by rudy_wayne · · Score: 2

      People who are in good shape didn't get that way because of a fitness tracker. Like the vast majority of exercise equipment, this is just another gadget bought primarily by lazy slobs who think it will somehow magically make them "fit".

    5. Re:Define "work" by rubycodez · · Score: 2

      two of my friends did, they thought of it like game and kept trying to push score up higher and beat their friend. been going on for almost 3 years now.

      Some people, it motivates them.

    6. Re:Define "work" by shanen · · Score: 2

      I'd probably give you a mod point if I ever got one to give.

      I'll just add that I think the data is useful. Actually started with a non-wearable sleep tracking device. Not a very good approach, and I don't think they still sell them, but it basically uses a motion sensor to separate shallow sleep from deeper sleep. Currently wearing an Epson device that measures my pulse, too, and makes much better measurements of sleep.

      For walking, I use both the Epson and my smartphone. (I'd name the brand but I'm so annoyed that I don't want to give them the ref.) Kind of weird, but I've started adjusting my daily activities to balance my walking so that I make the target each day. For example, group a couple of shorter errands on one day, while another day will be satisfied by one longer walk. Side effect is having to pay more attention to the weather for mission planning...

      Closing with my usual attempt at a constructive suggestion, I wish someone was selling a continuous blood pressure meter. I think that data would be extremely revealing and possibly even useful.

      --
      Freedom = (Meaningful - Coerced) Choice != (Speech | Beer^2), and sad sock puppets' bad mods avail them naught.
    7. Re:Define "work" by hey! · · Score: 4, Insightful

      First of all fiber is carbohydrate, but of course that's not what you meant, you meant digestible carbs. But for digestible carbs, it depends. Big slugs of refined carbs are especially bad for sedentary people because you get hungry fast.

      On the othe rhand some of my gym rat buddies need to eat almost 4000 calories per day to keep from losing weight. These are people who spend more than a dozen hours a week in the gym. In other words these are very atypical people, which is why I says "it depends". For these people avoiding carbs may actually be bad. The bodybuilders in particular when they're preparing for a competition have to cut their calorie intake, but to keep from losing muscle keep their protein up. That translates into a very low-carb routine. This gets them "cut", but their lifting performance drops dramatically because they aren't eating enough carbs to support their normal, very high level of activity. They're relying on gluconeogensis to provide glucose, but if athletic performance was what they were aiming for (rather than appearance) they should be eating moderate amounts of carbs -- very possibly quantities that would be unhealthy for a sedentary person.

      So it's the overall pattern of energy intake and output that matters, not one parameters (such as steps, or grams of carbs). It's a great big "depends". If you're gong to take conscious control of this situation, you've got to be prepared to dive into the data, not just one piece, but everything.

      --
      Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
    8. Re:Define "work" by Quirkz · · Score: 2

      Sometimes gamification turns a chore into something fun. It's good when it does.

      Monetization is also a tricky thing. If you try to monetize something that people previously found fun, it can ruin the fun. Alternately, like in this case, if you start off with money attached to something and then take the money away, you're maybe also taking the incentive away. I haven't read the article, but from the summary it sounds like "removing an incentive demotivates people" is a better conclusion than "fitness trackers don't work".

    9. Re:Define "work" by GLMDesigns · · Score: 2

      Absolutely correct. I'm one of those 10 percent. I love my fitbit. I've had it for over a year and find it a great little motivator. The only downside is the times I forget it and the dumb thought pops into my head: "why walk the extra blocks / climb the stairs if they're not being recorded."

      --
      If you're scared of your govt then you need to further restrict its powers
      Vote 3rd Party in 2016 and beyond
    10. Re:Define "work" by AK+Marc · · Score: 2

      Nope. The studies have shown that the calories matter more than the makeup of them. All the issues with fat solids vs protein is from poor studies, not reality. Though so many bought into a religion of diet that the facts don't matter anymore. The only time the makeup of the calories matter is if you are diabetic, or if your total intake increases because the distribution of calories is poor.

    11. Re:Define "work" by Dagger2 · · Score: 2

      Extrinsic rewards destroy intrinsic motivation. I first heard that in the context of achievements in games, but it applies even more obviously here.

    12. Re:Define "work" by hey! · · Score: 2

      I have. One of my college buddies at MIT was in one. He had a duffel bag with his equipment which he used to collect his fecal output, and the only thing he could eat all semester were these nutritional shakes. Once a week he'd show up at the lab and eat a couple pounds of radioactive cheese.

      You get a sense for why such well-controlled studies are rare, because to get volunteers they had to pay them a LOT. He chose this as his semester "job" because it left him with the most free time, but otherwise it was grueling.

      --
      Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
  2. Re:we need more lemons by Tablizer · · Score: 2

    Now why would you want to install Windows 10 on it?

  3. Gotta give them credit... by ewhenn · · Score: 5, Funny

    The judicial system can force you to wear a tracker and most people would be horrified at the thought of wearing one.

    Somewhere out there someone in a marketing department figured out a way to make people pay to wear a tracking device... KUDOS!

  4. It's hardwired into our brains by Rick+Schumann · · Score: 5, Interesting

    It's hardwired into our brains: Don't expend energy unnecessarily! Conserve your bodyfat as much as possible, tomorrow or the next day or next week there may be nothing to eat! Famine is coming! You must survive long enough to breed! Doesn't matter that we're not hunter-gatherers anymore and that you can op into your car and drive 5 minutes to the grocery store and get enough food to feed yourself for weeks, or that there's an obesity problem, it's hardwired into our caveman-like brains to conserve energy, move only as much as necessary. Also, the vast majority of people find exercise to be unpleasant, therefore they'll avoid it any way they can, even if they know on an intellectual level that it's good for them, they'll feel better in the long run, live longer, be happier -- doesn't matter, it's unpleasant right now, emotionally they just can't bring themselves to do it, therefore they don't. For what it's worth, while abstract reasons to exercise regularly like "To be healthier", or "Because I want to lose weight" don't work, having a non-abstract reason, like "I want to run a (half) marathon next year", or "I want to participate in such-and-such sport so I'm training for that" seem to work better.

    1. Re:It's hardwired into our brains by MightyMartian · · Score: 5, Insightful

      My justification for my walking regime comes down "Don't want to have a diabetes, and don't want a heart attack or stroke in the next 10 years." It's not a pleasant motivator, to be sure, but my family's history of heart disease finally convinced me that I needed to change my diet and get my ass out the door. It's often not terribly pleasant, but I do find that during my long walks I actually do a lot of thinking, so I've found there's a bit of a mental payoff as well.

      Oh, I did mention numerous studies that suggest being sedentary may contribute to dementia later in life. We may be built to conserve energy, but we're also built to actually do physical activity.

      --
      The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
    2. Re:It's hardwired into our brains by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 2

      Actually, rewards are hard-wired, unless you're defective (hi). They vary between people greatly, as well.

      I've recently read a patent where some rats were given free access to rat chow, and could get better rat chow by operating a lever repeatedly (work). The rats in every group ate roughly the same amount of rat chow.

      These rats, once trained to obtain rat chow, were given a vehicle (all inert ingredients) or drugs (inert ingredients plus amphetamine, methylphenidate, or a third drug). Rats fed the vehicle would operate the lever about 35 times on average in an attempt to get better food; rats on amphetamine ate about 80% as much of the free rat chow, and operated the lever about 60 times at maximum. The rats on the third drug ate a tiny amount of free rat chow (probably in an attempt to identify it now and then--"yep, still shit"), and operated that lever around 140 times. They did 4.5 times as much work to get a better result.

      That's motivation--that particular operant chamber test is called a motivation measure. I've used that drug and yes, god damn. The thing with monkeys and cocaine? You give monkeys cocaine, then add a female monkey, and the males all wave her away while punching the button repeatedly and demanding to know when they get more cocaine? You give monkeys this stuff and give them a female, they'll all look at each other, high five, and get down to business.

      Exercising feels good, man. Accomplishing something (allegedly) feels good. People (apparently) respond to feeling good by wanting to do that thing more. Feedback gives a reward: you can *see* your progress, and you get excited; that's what fitness trackers bank on.

      We avoid pain, we avoid energy expenditure, we avoid discomfort; and a healthy animal will also seek reinforcing behaviors, like more food, sex, or social acceptance. Immediate feedback can give positive experiences when the long-term goal is far-off; humans are uniquely-adapted for long-term planning, but it's still hard because we will avoid energy expenditure for what is not clearly a good reward.

    3. Re:It's hardwired into our brains by cliffjumper222 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I totally agree. If I'm stressed or aggravated going for a walk really helps. Like you say it gives time to think - sometimes about nothing - sometimes I resolve algorithms. I purposely don't use headphones or play games because it lets my mind wander. Like all exercise, doing it regularly comes down to erasing the barriers to it - that's why I walk outside at lunchtime instead of walking on a treadmill in the gym. It's not that it's better, it's just easier not to go through the hassle of changing clothes, etc. If I can build exercise into my daily routine even more - I'm thinking of riding to work - then that will be even better.

    4. Re:It's hardwired into our brains by MightyMartian · · Score: 2

      I just wear shorts and a t-shirt. About the only significant investment I made is to buy some proper running shoes, and stop wearing the Walmart specials, which were fucking up my feet, knees and back. When I have to walk in the dark or the rain, my wife bought my a high-vis vest so I don't get killed.

      Believe me, I hate exercise. I get up at 6am to do my walk most days simply because I can't stand the idea of coming home after work and then slogging it. In general the idea of getting out there makes me miserable, and for the first ten minutes, if I had heavy armaments I'd probably blow up my neighborhood in frustration. But after about ten or fifteen minutes, I get into a rhythm, and the rest of the walk just sort of fades away. Sometimes I think deep thoughts, sometimes I just zone out, but one way or the other it doesn't seem that hard. Even shitty weather (and I live in coastal British Columbia, so it's rain, rain and more rain) just fades away after a bit.

      The problem for me was in large part laziness and just the thought of having to get out and do the exercise seemed so overwhelming. But I was basically read the riot act by a couple of doctors that, now that I was in my 40s, I was entering that critical period when, if I didn't start shedding some weight, I was going to a prime candidate for all kinds of nasty things happening to me. So, seeing as I don't want to end up with a heart attack, or worse, a stroke, I got my literally fat ass out the door, and goddamnit if I don't hate it half the time, but anything is got to be better than ending up in an intensive care ward unable to move my left side, or possibly not even being able to write my name.

      --
      The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
  5. Paid? by Toshito · · Score: 2

    1. enroll in paid fitness tracker program
    2. put it on your dog
    3. ???
    4. Profit!

    --
    Try it! Library of Babel
  6. Bullshit study by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 2

    Study summary: Select a bunch of people who aren't currently using a tracker and encourage them to use a tracker. Then drop the encouragement and see what sticks.

    If you want to see if fitness trackers work, use a self-selection group. Find a bunch of people who have been wanting to get in better shape but are not currently vigorous exercisers (or whatever standardizable measure of success you can use), and divide them up randomly. Give some fitness trackers. See how it impacts them. Doing it this way would take groups who are both interested (want to) but not necessarily motivated (experience reward which encourages effort) to exercise regularly and identify between them.

    Problems with this approach: poor reporting (one group must self-report; the other has actual data); and masked reporting has an impact (a group with a fitness tracker that tells them nothing will do extra work to ensure data IS there). It's actually worth it to study a group without a tracker, a group with a tracker, and a group with an occluded tracker who are also self-reporting (to compare perception to data). Likewise, the act of reporting creates confounding.

  7. Re: Good use for taxes by Registered+Coward+v2 · · Score: 2

    Think of it as an entrepreneurial opportunity. My very active Dachshunds could run around all day wearing half a dozen for a cut of the payment.

    --
    I'm a consultant - I convert gibberish into cash-flow.
  8. Because of ignorance by GeekWithAKnife · · Score: 2


    A lot of people have this great idea about getting in shape, becoming healthier and what not. the problem is all the crap they are fed.

    Drink this fucking protein shake, eat 6 meals a day, train HIIT, do weights, callisthenics, 3 times a week, 7 grams of protein per ounce, buy this gizmo, use this electrode belt, avoid fat etc etc.

    All-of-a-sudden become fit is a research project. You need 10,000 steps a day, people that take stairs have less chance of heart disease and so on and so on.

    Guess what most people do? choose the easy fucking way out. Step 1, buy this fitness device (because you'll need it with all the fitness you're gonna do right?!), step 2 follow magic formula??, step 3 get fit

    Here's my "magic formula" to get fit: Move your fucking ass. Do whatever workout you want that is COMPOUND movement at the intensity you can SUSTAIN. Listen to your body, if you're feeling depleted take it easy, if you're feeling pumped put your back into it.

    It's the same thing with gym memberships after the Olympics, 2-4 weeks later they never come back. No fucking gizmo is gonna lift those weights, run up that hill or do 100 burpees for you. That's you that has to do that. Do it. -remember that when you're watching other fitter people work. (You know, NFL, NBA, Olympics, they're at work)

    --
    A 'singular oddity' is an event that cannot be explained and only happens when you are alone.
  9. Continuous blood pressure monitors by shanen · · Score: 2

    I've been following them for some years. The best approach for continuous is not using pressure, but sound and vibrations to calculate the corresponding blood pressure. Several of them have gotten as far as clinical trials, but none of them is in the market yet. I think the main problem is the large size (on the order of a smartphone that you have to strap on).

    I think they'll have better luck if they can do it with several smaller devices that communicate with a larger device (perhaps a smartphone that doesn't need to be worn) to correlate the data.

    --
    Freedom = (Meaningful - Coerced) Choice != (Speech | Beer^2), and sad sock puppets' bad mods avail them naught.