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'Flash Crash' Trader Pleads Guilty, Facing Up To 30 Years In Prison (telegraph.co.uk)

Slashdot reader whoever57 writes; Navinder Sarao, the British trader who was accused of causing the "flash crash" in 2010 and was extradited to the U.S. this week has pleaded guilty to one count of wire fraud and one count of spoofing. No details of the plea deal have been released, but it's believed that he's agreed to forfeit $13 million. Several years of jail time are also expected for Mr. Sarao.
From the Telegraph: Sarao, a 37-year-old working out of a modest suburban home in Hounslow in west London, allegedly made tens of millions of dollars with a computer program that could automatically manipulate prices... "Navinder Sarao abused sophisticated technology to make a quick profit, and jeopardised the integrity of US financial markets," said Assistant Attorney General Leslie Caldwell.
Sentencing guidelines suggest he'll spend at least six and a half years in prison, though he faced a maximum possible sentence of 30 years and still faces the possibility of $38 million in sanctions.

36 of 94 comments (clear)

  1. Integrity? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Navinder Sarao abused sophisticated technology to make a quick profit, and jeopardised the integrity of US financial markets,

    If one guy can cause this, it proves that the US financial markets *intrinsically* don't have much integrity.

    1. Re:Integrity? by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 2

      If one guy can cause this, it proves that the US financial markets *intrinsically* don't have much integrity.

      How much do you think those funny bits of paper in your wallet are intrinsically worth?

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    2. Re:Integrity? by OzPeter · · Score: 4, Insightful

      If one guy can cause this, it proves that the US financial markets *intrinsically* don't have much integrity.

      All stock markets are unstable, not just the US. You just need one rumor and *bam* you instantly wipe off $$$. Stock markets are run by people and it all comes back to Agent K's quote:

      The person is smart. People are dumb, panicky, dangerous animals, and you know it!

      --
      I am Slashdot. Are you Slashdot as well?
    3. Re:Integrity? by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 4, Interesting

      > If one guy can cause this,

      There are whole companies dedicated to precisely this. It's called "high-frequency trading". I'm afraid what this gentleman failed to do was to "pay his cut" to the others in the business, and to make it too apparent that the "liquidity" of US markets is designed precisely to allow skimming money from the system through arbitrage.

    4. Re: Integrity? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergey_Aleynikov

      Ignore huge corp behind curtain.

    5. Re:Integrity? by Plus1Entropy · · Score: 2

      Nothing you can't wear, eat, or live in is intrinsically worth much of anything.

      There are many resources that have intrinsic value but don't fit into those three categories. With iron I can make weapons and come steal all your clothing, food, and shelter, for example. Technology has intrinsic value as it allows us to harness more resources faster, so we can produce more/better food, clothing, and shelter.

      Even non-physical things, like ideas, are resources that have intrinsic value. Being able to accurately tell the time and predict the seasons means I can better plan how I grow food. Good luck planting your seeds in November... of course, you don't even know that it is November, or what November is, but I'm sure you'll be fine.

      --
      Only crack the nuts that crack. You don't put the ones that don't crack in the sack.
    6. Re:Integrity? by Gojira+Shipi-Taro · · Score: 2

      So what? he still needs to burn for it.

      --
      "Oh my God. This is terrible. This is the end of my Presidency. I'm fucked."; ~ Donald J. Trump
    7. Re:Integrity? by zalas · · Score: 3, Informative

      Sure, technology made this fraud a lot easier to commit, but technology isn't an intrinsic part of this ploy; he simply used computer algorithms to implement a lightning-fast pump-and-dump scheme.

      Basically, what he did was the equivalent of putting out fake advertisements in a newspaper saying that he'd buy a lot of shares of a certain stock at elevated prices. Traders, seeing these ads, get the feeling that this stock is now worth a lot more than what it is trading at, so they start buying this stock at higher and higher prices. This allows him to eventually sell at high prices the shares he had already owned, making a profit. Meanwhile, when these other traders try to answer these ads, they get no answer and are thus left with a ton of overvalued stock.

      Pump-and-dump, insider trading, etc. can all screw up the value of stocks, and they need to be prevented for the market to operate "correctly"; that's why there's laws making these schemes illegal. And while laws don't prevent these crimes, they can certainly help in reducing them.

    8. Re:Integrity? by eric_harris_76 · · Score: 2

      An entirely different question.

      If I may attempt to restate what: that poster is saying:the exchange's means of matching potential transactors has some kind of serious inherent problem, if it's so fragile that one person could do such terrible damage, as described.

      rA related notion: Weinberg's Second Law: If builders built buildings the way programmers wrote programs, then the first woodpecker that came along would destroy civilization.

      --
      There's no time like the present. Well, the past used to be.
    9. Re:Integrity? by michael_wojcik · · Score: 2

      No, it's not "the basis of high frequency trading". Sarao was not engaged in HFT. No one can conduct HFT against the Chicago Mercantile from London (if the orders are actually being made from London, as Sarao's were). The latency is much, much, much too high.

      Sarao was manipulating simplistic HFT and other automatic-trading algorithms by placing and cancelling large volumes of trades in a particular direction. HFT systems place a lot of trades, but they're hedged positions, not all going in the same direction; then most of them are cancelled as soon as the price moves. In fact, it's likely real HFT systems were less vulnerable than non-HFT automatic-trading ones to Sarao's manipulations, since HFT trades are hedged and operate on a much finer time grain.

      Just look at this typical story on Sarao, which claims that his process operated "hundreds of times per hour". That's not HFT. That's barely even automation speed. Even if they're off by a couple of orders of magnitude, it's still not HFT. (And it couldn't be, unless Sarao was running a C&C locally but the actual trading-terminal software was running in Chicago.)

      A lot of people seem to have rather a rather simplistic understanding of HFT based on sources like Flash Boys or Automate This, which no doubt are fine middlebrow popular treatments; but for technical accuracy, it's much better to consult journal articles such as this piece from CACM .

    10. Re:Integrity? by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 2

      > provided it does not involve market manipulation or other illegal activity.

      HFT relies heavily on the positive feedback loops it starts, and rides like a surfboard, to deal hundreds or thousands of incremental trades to a new price. The volume of trading _itself_ generates positive feedback.

      > BTW, now that pretty much 100% of traders are on a "high frequency" platform now,

      I'm afraid you're overstating its popularity. HFT peaked in roughly 2009, and has fallen to less than 50% of trading volume in the last few years. Revenue from it has also dropped profoundly in the last 5 years.

    11. Re:Integrity? by Tough+Love · · Score: 2

      HFT relies heavily on the positive feedback loops it starts, and rides like a surfboard, to deal hundreds or thousands of incremental trades to a new price

      No. If it did work that way it would quickly be shut down as illegal.

      HFT peaked in roughly 2009, and has fallen to less than 50% of trading volume in the last few years. Revenue from it has also dropped profoundly in the last 5 years.

      You seem to be confusing high frequency trading with hedge funds. And if revenue dropped so profoundly, then what are you worried about?

      --
      When all you have is a hammer, every problem starts to look like a thumb.
  2. Lol, translation by JustAnotherOldGuy · · Score: 4, Insightful

    "Navinder Sarao abused sophisticated technology to make a quick profit, and jeopardised the integrity of US financial markets," said Assistant Attorney General Leslie Caldwell.

    TRANSLATION:

    "Only we get to fuck with the integrity of US financial markets." - Wall Street Bankers

    --
    Just cruising through this digital world at 33 1/3 rpm...
    1. Re:Lol, translation by serviscope_minor · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Or even more:

      "You only get to cream off those sweet HFT profits if you're one of us"

      --
      SJW n. One who posts facts.
  3. Abuse! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    He was abusing sophisticated technology that ruined the returns of other people using sophisticated technology, lock him up.

  4. HFT by AK+Marc · · Score: 5, Insightful

    If he had paid the right people and bought a seat on the exchange, they'd have called it HFT and it wouldn't have been an issue.

    But manipulate prices from your garage, and off to prison for you.

    1. Re:HFT by speedplane · · Score: 4, Insightful

      If he had paid the right people and bought a seat on the exchange, they'd have called it HFT and it wouldn't have been an issue.

      His problem is that he didn't make enough money off of his scheme. If he only made 100X that, he'd be called goldman sachs and get a seat on the treasury.

      --
      Fast Federal Court and I.T.C. updates
    2. Re:HFT by SumDog · · Score: 3, Informative

      Exactly. Commercial interests do this all the god damn time and never face criminal prosecution.

      He should have been rich to start with. Then he could rig the market legally. They went after him because they hate competition.

    3. Re:HFT by humptheElephant · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Yes, put the little guy in prison for a long time, but let the guys off who tanked the economy a few years ago and are going to do it again. Then the government will bail them out again. No prison for the big banksters.

  5. Re:Good morning by Calydor · · Score: 2

    That is not a fair accusation!

    I just misunderstood what the other guys meant when they talked about all the Babes they'd slept with!

    --
    -=This sig has nothing to do with my comment. Move along now=-
  6. But what is the crime? by dumky2 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I don't know if this information is public, but what is his supposed crime, specifically?
    Did he break the rules of the exchange? Did he trespass, break in, or otherwise tamper with the system?

    If you're playing poker, actually manipulating the deck, looking at other people's cards, are both against the rules. Participants agree to those rules when they join the table.
    Let's say you're really good at bluffing other people or reading their bluff, you've done nothing wrong. And calling it "manipulation" or "abuse" or "profiting" or "ruining other players" is just a way to obscure that fact.

    --
    These comments are mine; I do not speak for my employer.
    1. Re:But what is the crime? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      If I remember correctly it consisted of software that would place volumes of sell orders well below the current price of the target stock, with no intention of honoring those orders. When other sell legitimate sell orders would start to list below the artificially lowered price they would be bought up and his bogus sell orders would be canceled before they would be filled. When the stock normalized again the stock that was purchased at the artificially lowered price was then unloaded at a profit.

      Or something to that general extent

    2. Re: But what is the crime? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      This article explains it reasonably well.... Basically he trolled the HFT algos
      http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-35863848

    3. Re:But what is the crime? by clovis · · Score: 5, Informative

      Here's the criminal complaint as filed by the US government.
      It includes what he did and why it was a criminal act.

      https://www.justice.gov/sites/...

      What Navinder was trying to do with his bogus orders was to place them OUTSIDE the existing range of buy/sell orders and in large volume to make it appear that there were people actively buying which drives the price up. Ideally ,once he's made his actual sale, he stops placing his bogus orders and the price returns to normal. If he gets too greedy and screws up, he causes a crash and gets caught.
      You can also do it with bogus sell orders to drive the prices down.
      People have been doing that since forever, and it's been illegal for some time.
      It's a variation of what you may have heard called "pump and dump", but instead of spreading rumors, he abused the market's internal machinery to artificially manipulate the prices with a specially designed computer program to prevent his trades from getting filled.

      How is what he did different than HFT?
      HFT traders do place orders that they intend to cancel, however, if someone successfully intercepted an order placed by a HFT trader, that order would get filled. It appears to me that there was no possibility that Navinder could fill the orders he placed.
      The other difference is that the HFT traders are doing price discovery and arbitrage, which is to say they are placing their orders BETWEEN existing active buy and sell orders to get an optimal price for a trade. That is, they are trying to find the best sell and buy order prices so that they can place an optimal buy/sell order.
      What HFT traders do tends to bring prices closer together and increase liquidity in normal conditions. These are good for the market (unless they screw up).
      BTW, HFT and algorithmic trading are not the same thing, but they can be combined and done by the same people. Some of what HFT gets blamed for is actually the fault of computer-driven algorithmic trading.

    4. Re:But what is the crime? by penguinoid · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Technically, his crime is fraud, placing orders he didn't intend to fill, which were then cancelled near-instantaneously as allowed by the stock market. In between his order and the cancellation, several honorable businessmen who payed a lot of money to have access to orders before they are sent to the stock market and to have their own orders be processed first, quickly bought and sold stocks so as to skim a little money off the order, but these poor innocent honorable businessmen lost money instead because the order they thought they were skimming money from didn't go through. All this also caused changes in the stock market that made a bunch of AI stock traders panic, crashing the market, and Mr Sarao was the least rich/important person who could be blamed.

      --
      Don't waste your vote! Vote for whoever you want, unless you live in a swing state it won't matter anyways
    5. Re:But what is the crime? by clovis · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Also, one thing that media forgets to mention is that his activity was noticed before the flash crash and the exchanges told him to stop doing that. He continued his bogus trades, and he made the mistake of lying about his activities in emails with the exchanges.
      Nothing quite like documenting your crimes in email, is there? For some reason that sounds familiar, but it no longer seems important ...

  7. No banker responsible for 2008 is in jail. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

    And they got to keep their bonuses. The system is corrupt to the core.

  8. Just justice? by RandomSurfer314 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I can't help but feel that a guy is going to be sentenced primarily because he didn't have the proper business background and maybe wasn't wearing a suit with ties, and that he would do just fine today if he had done the same for some major financial institution.

  9. So afraid of 1's and 0's by wjcofkc · · Score: 4, Insightful

    It always boggles my mind when people who abuse computers for financial gain face harsher sentences than so many rapist and murderers (not exclusive). Then I truly consider the reasons why and I choose to remain boggled.

    --
    Brought to you by Carl's Junior.
    1. Re:So afraid of 1's and 0's by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 2

      It always boggles my mind when people who abuse computers for financial gain face harsher sentences than so many rapist and murderers (not exclusive).

      The host for a local radio talk show five years ago talked about a man who got a longer prison term for having sex with a dog than a child. Parents called in outraged that a dog was worth more than a child. Animal right activists called in outraged that a child was worth more than a dog and the man didn't get the death penalty. The host let it go downhill from there. And that was on Christmas Eve!

    2. Re:So afraid of 1's and 0's by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      What if it was a puppy?

  10. What kind of justice is this by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2

    when the big U.S. financial institutes and banks do this and massive micro-trading, it's legal, but when someone else moves on their little game, it's illegal and calls for extradition? Criminals.

  11. Good start... by Lumpy · · Score: 3, Insightful

    now when do they put all the bank executives that caused the crash from before that in prison? Or is this the patsy that we are all supposed to point at and ignore that the same scumbag bankers are doing the same shit today at Wells Fargo and other places?

    --
    Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
  12. Goldman Sachs does this everyday by Maxwell · · Score: 4, Insightful

    They are just more subtle about it. And they make more money doing it.And they are too big to fail. And they don't like any lone rangers stepping on their turf.

  13. Buggy ordering ssytem by bigbang137 · · Score: 2

    If he could make bogus orders, someone else can too, and the problem is with the ordering system.

  14. Crime: Not being a Big Corporation by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 3, Insightful

    He deliberately, willfully and maliciously broke those rules to favor himself and in the process caused other people, who were playing by the rules, to lose money.

    Yes and no. He placed trades to make it look like a large amount of selling was about to happen then others place sell orders with even lower prices. He then quickly cancelled his orders and quickly bought the stock at the lower price. However had his orders gone through he would have been on the hook for them.

    Compare this to the behaviour of large financial corporations who watch one exchange and when they see a large buy or sell order come it quickly, using high speed networks not available to anyone else, place an appropriate order on another exchange before the large order gets there in order to take advantage of the increase or drop in the price the large order will cause.

    Both techniques are dishonest and both cause other people to lose money. However one technique was figured out by large financial corporations and the other by a lone trader. Guess which one is deemed to be legal despite the incredible similarity between the two techniques. If he is guilty why are the large financial corporations who are almost playing the identical game not?