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Malwarebytes Discovers 'First Mac Malware of 2017' (securityweek.com)

wiredmikey writes: Security researchers have a uncovered a Mac OS based espionage malware they have named "Quimitchin." The malware is what they consider to be "the first Mac malware of 2017," which appears to be a classic espionage tool. While it has some old code and appears to have existed undetected for some time, it works. It was discovered when an IT admin noticed unusual traffic coming from a particular Mac, and has been seen infecting Macs at biomedical facilities. From SecurityWeek.com: "Quimitchin comprises just two files: a .plist file that simply keeps the .client running at all times, and the .client file containing the payload. The latter is a 'minified and obfuscated' perl script that is more novel in design. It combines three components, Thomas Reed, director of Mac offerings at Malwarebytes and author of the blog post told SecurityWeek: 'a Mac binary, another perl script and a Java class tacked on at the end in the __DATA__ section of the main perl script. The script extracts these, writes them to /tmp/ and executes them.' Its primary purpose seems to be screen captures and webcam access, making it a classic espionage tool. Somewhat surprisingly the code uses antique system calls. 'These are some truly ancient functions, as far as the tech world is concerned, dating back to pre-OS X days,' he wrote in the blog post. 'In addition, the binary also includes the open source libjpeg code, which was last updated in 1998.' The script also contains Linux shell commands. Running the malware on a Linux machine, Malwarebytes 'found that -- with the exception of the Mach-O binary -- everything ran just fine.' It is possible that there is a specific Linux variant of the malware in existence -- but the researchers have not been able to find one. It did find two Windows executable files, courtesy of VirusTotal, that communicated with the same CC server. One of them even used the same libjpeg library, which hasn't been updated since 1998, as that used by Quimitchin."

60 comments

  1. Quim Itchin' by Zaelath · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Seriously?

    1. Re:Quim Itchin' by SpankiMonki · · Score: 1

      Quit Bitchin'

    2. Re:Quim Itchin' by sexconker · · Score: 1

      FYI: Quim means vagina.

    3. Re:Quim Itchin' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      'cos it's an irritating c...

  2. Mac OS based espionage malware by khz6955 · · Score: 2, Informative

    'Security researchers have a uncovered a Mac OS based espionage malware they have named "Quimitchin." .. an IT admin noticed unusual traffic coming from a particular Mac, and has been seen infecting Macs at biomedical facilities.'

    How exactly does the malware get onto the Mac without the end user downloading and installing the malware and providing it with the admin password?

    1. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      From TFA it apparently runs in userspace not as root

    2. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by khz6955 · · Score: 1

      "From TFA it apparently runs in userspace not as root"

      How exactly does 'Quimitchin' execute in userspace without the end user downloading and installing the malware?

    3. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by ahabswhale · · Score: 3, Informative

      It doesn't. Someone has to authorize it with the admin password.

      --
      Are agnostics skeptical of unicorns too?
    4. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by Gadget_Guy · · Score: 2

      It doesn't. Someone has to authorize it with the admin password.

      Is this based on anything, or are you just guessing? If you read the comment section of the article someone asked how it spread, and "Does running as a standard user as opposed to an admin account prevent its installation?"

      To which the malwarebytes.com blogger said:

      We still don't know how it gets installed. All samples so far have been observed installed in user space, so running in a standard user account will not protect against this.

      That seems to contradict what you have claimed.

    5. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by raind · · Score: 1

      Of course end users will do this; whether Windows or Mac.

      --
      Get up!
    6. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by evilsofa · · Score: 0

      What I want to know is why Malwarebytes does NOT remove Windows 10, the worst malware ever to infest any computer!!!!

      How did you manage to get your Mac infested with Windows 10?

    7. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by toadlife · · Score: 1

      Someone has to authorize it with the admin password.

      So in OSX you need the admin password to do chmod +x on files that you own?

      --
      I don't always use unix-like operating systems; but when I do, I prefer FreeBSD.
    8. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by tlambert · · Score: 4, Insightful

      It doesn't. Someone has to authorize it with the admin password.

      Is this based on anything, or are you just guessing?

      The article makes it clear that in order to extract and run the malware, you have to extract and install other malware named "Java".

      This "Java" is apparently malware developed by a large database company in order to install security holes in otherwise secure computers, and is so named to trick tired programmers into believing that they are installing coffee.

    9. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by AHuxley · · Score: 1

      Has the espionage related server been found? Has some sample of what the malware was interesting in been discovered?
      "Biomedical facilities" could just be where larger groups of networked Macs exist in the wild due to their hardware/software use in the biomedical field over the years.

      --
      Domestic spying is now "Benign Information Gathering"
    10. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by Gadget_Guy · · Score: 1

      The article makes it clear that in order to extract and run the malware, you have to extract and install other malware named "Java".

      So the article is correct; the malware doesn't have to be authorised with the admin password. The fact that it requires Java just means that it only works on machines with Java installed. Given that it seems to be targeted to a specific industry then it's not an unusual requirement as they are probably using some Java controller software.

      You also need to have a Mac for it to run, but that doesn't make people claim that you need to buy the malware from an Apple store.

    11. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by TheRaven64 · · Score: 3, Informative

      It's also probably difficult to get a user to accidentally install it. Java used to be installed by default on MacOS X, then there was a thing where, on first use, it would prompt the user and ask them if they wanted it. Now there's a thing saying 'you need Java to do this, go to this web page and download and install it, then try again'. Most casual users will say 'that looks hard, I can't be bothered'.

      --
      I am TheRaven on Soylent News
    12. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by ruir · · Score: 1

      Some other users, may say, fuck it, I am not installing that POS in my notebook.

    13. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes, actually you do. Write a simple shell script. Something like #!/bin/bash print "Hello World". You will find you can't run it until you chmod u+x.

    14. Re:Mac OS based espionage malware by toadlife · · Score: 1

      That wasn't my question.

      I was asking if running `chmod [u]+x` on your own file requires a password. It doesn't. I checked on one of our iMacs here at work and confirmed that it works just the same as any other *nix.

      --
      I don't always use unix-like operating systems; but when I do, I prefer FreeBSD.
  3. antique system calls by phantomfive · · Score: 3, Informative

    This 'security researcher' may be surprised to find that most of the software he uses on a Mac calls some 'antique system calls' that existed before OSX.

    --
    "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    1. Re:antique system calls by mmell · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Correct me if I'm wrong - aren't most system calls antique, in the sense that they weren't invented recently? The aforementioned system calls may or may not have recently been updated, but if developers have done their job correctly the intended functions continue to work exactly as they did before, given valid inputs. As an example, I'm pretty sure gethostbyname() is still in there. It's almost certainly been updated over the years, but it's still called the same way and returns the same thing.

    2. Re:antique system calls by phantomfive · · Score: 1

      Yeah, most of them were in the Mach kernel (Apple still uses header copyright from CMU in the 90s, even in iOS), and if you're willing to just go by function definitions, not the exact same code, then some of the system calls date back to the 70s.

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
  4. so old! by Gravis+Zero · · Score: 1

    Somewhat surprisingly the code uses antique system calls. 'These are some truly ancient functions, as far as the tech world is concerned, dating back to pre-OS X days,'

    Kinda sounds like it's using POSIX functions which would be a smart move because they will not be removed in favor of a new API and it makes porting to other platforms easier since most everything is at least partly compliant to POSIX. Perl and Java were good choice since they are on all Apple machines and are resistant to library compatibility issues. This seems like it's a nation-state attack.

    --
    Anons need not reply. Questions end with a question mark.
    1. Re:so old! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "This seems like it's a nation-state attack." You say that because it takes pictures only.

    2. Re:so old! by Billly+Gates · · Score: 1

      Java on OSX resistant to library compatibility issues?? Are you kidding me?

    3. Re: so old! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A nation-state? Because it's built to be robust? Not all engineers are incompetent, some even know how to build effective software!

    4. Re:so old! by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 1

      Perl and Java were good choice since they are on all Apple machines and are resistant to library compatibility issues.

      Java hasn't been part of the default Mac system install for quite a few years.

      If you run a program which requires Java, you'll see a pop up telling you Java isn't installed and asking if you want to download the legacy Java runtime. If you say "yes", you'll be directed to an Apple web page where you can download it.

      --
      #DeleteChrome
    5. Re:so old! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Since the latest Oracle fiasco, Java is never a good choice for anything.

    6. Re:so old! by phantomfive · · Score: 1

      That has nothing to do with Java the language. It has to do with some libraries owned by Oracle.

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    7. Re:so old! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Two questions for you:

      1. Do you have to go out of your way and invest significant time and effort to avoid the use of these Oracle-owned libraries when you want to develop software in Java?

      2. Are you able to write good software without the Oracle-owned libraries? (good = robust, efficient, secure, ...)

    8. Re:so old! by TheFakeTimCook · · Score: 0

      Perl and Java were good choice since they are on all Apple machines and are resistant to library compatibility issues.

      Java hasn't been part of the default Mac system install for quite a few years.

      If you run a program which requires Java, you'll see a pop up telling you Java isn't installed and asking if you want to download the legacy Java runtime. If you say "yes", you'll be directed to an Apple web page where you can download it.

      And wasn't the possibility of stuff like this partly why Apple deprecated Java in XCode?

    9. Re:so old! by phantomfive · · Score: 1

      1. Do you have to go out of your way and invest significant time and effort to avoid the use of these Oracle-owned libraries when you want to develop software in Java?

      No, you have to go out of your way to use them.

      2. Are you able to write good software without the Oracle-owned libraries? (good = robust, efficient, secure, ...)

      Yes, assuming you are able to write good software at all. That is on you.

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    10. Re:so old! by TheRaven64 · · Score: 1

      1. Do you have to go out of your way and invest significant time and effort to avoid the use of these Oracle-owned libraries when you want to develop software in Java?

      I'm quite happy to go out of my way to not add an extra 'use expensive commercial features' flag when I invoke the JVM.

      2. Are you able to write good software without the Oracle-owned libraries? (good = robust, efficient, secure, ...)

      I'd first like to see an existence proof that robust, efficient, and secure software exists, but assuming that axiom, any Java program that works with OpenJDK (i.e. the reference Java implementation) will work without any Oracle-specific things.

      --
      I am TheRaven on Soylent News
    11. Re:so old! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Great! Followup:

      Why do the Oracle-owned libraries exist if they are adding zero value? There has to be some reason, otherwise nobody would care what Oracle is trying to do (to charge corporate clients etc).

    12. Re:so old! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually they are QuickTime calls.

    13. Re:so old! by phantomfive · · Score: 1

      Why do the Oracle-owned libraries exist if they are adding zero value?

      The same question could be asked of almost everything Oracle produces, including Oracle DB. Corporate customers with too much cash, who trust Oracle. Fortune 500 companies value stability and accountability over a few million here and there, and Oracle provides that.

      You can see some of their corporate offerings here, it's #3 and #4. #4 is especially instructive, because if you are willing to compile OpenJDK for your device, you don't have to pay anything (which is what Google does now). But some managers don't trust their programmers (maybe with good reason), and they'd rather pay Oracle to compile it for them. It makes them feel better.

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    14. Re:so old! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      OK, it makes perfect sense now. Thanks for taking the time!

  5. Obfuscated perl script by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

    Brought to you by the department of redundancy department.

  6. Executale /tmp? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You have to be kidding me. Is this how MacOS is shipped?

    1. Re:Executale /tmp? by phantomfive · · Score: 2

      Yes, OSX has an executable /tmp by default.
      I just checked.

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    2. Re:Executale /tmp? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      yeah, you can do whatever in /tmp. It gets deleted with every reboot. The biggest problem is to get running the code first. Anything that isn't downloaded from the app store has very hard time to convince the user to run it. They call macs walled garden for a reason.

  7. IMPOSSIBLE by Billly+Gates · · Score: 0

    MacOSX ... and now a varient on Linux?!@ Complete absurd.

    Only WIndows sucks and gets viruses and malware because it is not bless by RMS nor open sourced. You can run things under root for all your mission critical needs with no firewall at all for Apple products and be perfectly safe. Just ask any Apple fanboy and they will tell you or go on slashdot and ask anyone about security on Linux. It is impossible to get malware.

    THe author MOST WORK FOR MICROSOFT

    1. Re: IMPOSSIBLE by mmell · · Score: 1, Offtopic

      If the author worked for Microsoft, the exploit would require frequent updates, half of which would break it.

    2. Re: IMPOSSIBLE by sheramil · · Score: 0

      If the author worked for Microsoft, the exploit would require you to install Windows 10.

    3. Re: IMPOSSIBLE by dilvish_the_damned · · Score: 0

      And would certainly ask "Are you really, really sure you want to infect this machine?"

      --
      I think you underestimate just how much I just dont care.
    4. Re: IMPOSSIBLE by mmell · · Score: 0

      "Hi, I'm Clippy. It looks like your infecting an Apple product. Can I help?"

    5. Re: IMPOSSIBLE by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Hi, I'm Clippy. It looks like your infecting an Apple product. Can I help?"

      And Clippy would "only" give suggestions if you click "NO".

  8. Yawn, I should be a security researcher by guruevi · · Score: 0

    There have been a string of 'security researchers' being featured here on /. lately that are simply trying to get some limelight just by claiming the perpetrator being the boogeyman-du-jour, actually the same 'security researcher' wrote about a variation of this a few months ago: https://blog.malwarebytes.com/...
    - You need to download it
    - You need to run it (with various warnings being thrown up)
    - You need to install Java for it to run (which does not come standard on a Mac, requires a significant download and few actually need for anything anymore)

    This seems to be just a variation of the Tibet, Flashback and Adwind (dating from 2012), which all drop a small Java program as a payload which does screenshots, webcamming, remote control and/or ad proxy and dials back to a C&C server. I discovered a variant a few weeks ago that would generate random dictionary names for it's plists but it functions just the same as these.

    --
    Custom electronics and digital signage for your business: www.evcircuits.com
    1. Re:Yawn, I should be a security researcher by Gadget_Guy · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Are you seriously trying to claim that he is some sort of alarmist? From the link that you provided, it concludes:

      Adwind is, overall, a fairly weak effort on the Mac.

      And where did the blogger claim the perpetrator of this malware was the boogeyman-du-jour? All I could find was things like:

      Although there is no evidence at this point linking this malware to a specific group, the fact that it's been seen specifically at biomedical research institutions certainly seems like it could be the result of exactly that kind of espionage.

      This could also signify that the hackers behind it really don't know the Mac very well and were relying on old documentation.

      That doesn't paint the picture of an uber-hacker! At no point was it claimed that this was going to affect us all. In fact, it was said that this has already been fixed by Apple:

      Apple calls this malware Fruitfly and has released an update that will be automatically downloaded behind the scenes to protect against future infections.

      If he is trying to "get some limelight" then aren't you also doing the same thing by posting here? Just talking about something is not the same as getting some limelight. This was just another post about the latest malware to be investigated by them. At no point was it hyped as anything new. It discussed the parts of the malware that seemed to be ancient code, as well as the parts that were new. However, I will admit that the headline of "the first Mac malware of 2017" is pretty inflammatory considering that it seems to have been deployed for a while. I think it would have been better said as the first malware of 2017 that he had looked at.

    2. Re:Yawn, I should be a security researcher by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ever heard of trojans and the concept of social engineering, genius?

      As for Java, there are a lot of applications that include their own copy of it, instead of relying on the user to install it in a global location. For instance:

      /Applications/PyCharm\ CE.app/Contents/jre/jdk/Contents/Home/jre/bin/java

    3. Re:Yawn, I should be a security researcher by guruevi · · Score: 1

      This quote from the article:
      There have been a number of stories over the past few years about Chinese and Russian hackers targeting and stealing US and European scientific research. Although there is no evidence at this point linking this malware to a specific group, the fact that it's been seen specifically at biomedical research institutions certainly seems like it could be the result of exactly that kind of espionage.

      seems pretty alarmist to me.

      --
      Custom electronics and digital signage for your business: www.evcircuits.com
    4. Re:Yawn, I should be a security researcher by Gadget_Guy · · Score: 1

      Why? In what way does it seem implausible? If this malware has only been seen at a certain type of place, what other conclusion is more likely to you? That it is all some giant coincidence and that we should pay no attention to where it was found?

      Surely the alarmist thing would be to say that everybody is likely to be attacked by this malware. Or maybe that it was a terrorist plot to release some biological agent into the atmosphere by remote control. But no, it just says that it is probably just everyday industrial espionage with no suggestion of a further agenda. That is not alarmism. In fact, the take home message that I got from the article is that I don't have to worry about my system being infected with this malware; now or in the future. The only reason why it was even reported here was that it was the first malware that he has examined for the year. Considering how old it appears to be, it's not even being portrayed as if it was the first that was written this year.

    5. Re:Yawn, I should be a security researcher by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Trying to hit your "complain about shit on the internet" quotient early today?

  9. Java code by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    So can the security researcher do the planet some good by providing a simple Java app which would clean everything or do we really need to buy Malwarebytes to fix this? Java was marketed as "write once run everywhere" after all.

    1. Re:Java code by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Malwarebytes is free, derp.

    2. Re:Java code by Osiris+Ani · · Score: 1

      So can the security researcher do the planet some good by providing a simple Java app which would clean everything or do we really need to buy Malwarebytes to fix this?

      RTFM helps. “Apple calls it 'Fruitfly', and has already released an update that will be automatically downloaded behind the scenes to protect against future infections.”

    3. Re:Java code by Osiris+Ani · · Score: 1

      RTFA. Bah.

  10. M$ fanboi has got mod points. by mmell · · Score: 0
    Notice that this entire thread has been downmodded.

    That's okay - I've got karma to burn, and if M$ shills choose to employ Trumpian tactics, well . . . they should go after someone with serious complaints instead of a bunch of comedians like us. Now I know how Alec Baldwin and the cast of SNL feel. It's good to know that we engendered such a response in one of Redmond's minions. Next, we'll be hearing how this could be fixed by not relying on name services for host resolution - after all there's got to be a better way.

    (Waiting for my pet troll to answer, assuming he still has an internet connection)