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An AI Is Finally Trouncing The World's Best Poker Players (cmu.edu)

Halfway through the "Brains vs. AI" poker competition, an AI named Libratus is trouncing its human opponents, who are four of the world's top professional players. One of the pros, Jimmy Chou, said he and his colleagues initially underestimated Libratus, but have come to regard it as one tough player. "The bot gets better and better every day," Chou said. "It's like a tougher version of us"... Chou said he and the other pros have shared notes and tips each day, looking for weaknesses they can each exploit. "The first couple of days, we had high hopes," Chou said. "But every time we find a weakness, it learns from us and the weakness disappears the next day."
By Saturday, the AI had amassed a lead of $693,531 after 56,732 hands in the 120,000-hand match (which is being livestreamed by the Rivers Casino on Twitch). "I'm feeling good," said Tuomas Sandholm, the computer science professor at Carnegie Mellon who co-created the AI. "The algorithms are performing great. They're better at solving strategy ahead of time, better at driving strategy during play and better at improving strategy on the fly."

164 comments

  1. Goal post by The+Evil+Atheist · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Cue the goal post shifting.

    --
    Those who do not learn from commit history are doomed to regress it.
    1. Re:Goal post by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's lucky we get to see your drivel given a bonus of +2. Otherwise, we would never see any of your facile posts.

    2. Re:Goal post by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It's not drivel, he's entirely correct. When computers were beating grandmasters at chess, the goalposts were shifted to Go. "Oh, computers will never beat a champion Go player in our lifetime, it's a far too complex game".

      When AI started beating top Go players, it became "oh, the board's too small, try it with a bigger board and you'll see the humans on top again".

      Look down below, already people are trying to argue the number of players in the game.

  2. Heads-up Texas Holdem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Heads-up (2 player) Texas Holdem is not the most commonly played version of poker.

    Most people play Texas Holdem in groups of 6 or 9 players. Working out an optimal strategy to beat multiple opponents is a LOT harder than beating a single player. We may have a dominant heads-up poker AI soon, but I would expect it to take several more years for a dominant multi-player to be created.

    tl;dr Poker isn't dead, yet.

    1. Re: Heads-up Texas Holdem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

      Thank God. All the poker playing jobs are safe for now.

    2. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by geekmux · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Heads-up (2 player) Texas Holdem is not the most commonly played version of poker.

      Most people play Texas Holdem in groups of 6 or 9 players. Working out an optimal strategy to beat multiple opponents is a LOT harder than beating a single player. We may have a dominant heads-up poker AI soon, but I would expect it to take several more years for a dominant multi-player to be created.

      Uh, several more years? Allow me to quote one of the poker players:

      "...every time we find a weakness, it learns from us and the weakness disappears the next day."

      Let's not underestimate the power of learning at damn near an exponential rate. I expect an AI multi-player tournament next year to crush human opponents. How quickly do you think an AI supercomputer could process every single hand of play that a professional poker player has ever made in their life to analyze and exploit every weakness to be able to predict behavioral patterns with great accuracy? Lather, rinse and repeat for the top dozen poker players in the world. How to get AI to beat humans in a game of finite limits and statistical values is not exactly a mystery.

      The largest mistake mankind could make is underestimating the speed at which AI will prove it can do a lot of things better, faster, and more accurately than any human could ever do. Underestimating that speed will greatly reduce our ability to properly prepare for a world of unemployable humans.

      tl;dr Poker isn't dead, yet.

      AI beating humans at a game is merely a beta test. The real application will feed unending greed, which will never die.

    3. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by Karganeth · · Score: 1

      Uh, several more years?

      Yes, years. Libratus uses 16 Terabytes of memory for just a 2 player game. The size of the game tree increases by at least a factor of 1000 when moving up to just 3 players. That's significantly more memory. Also the computations themselves take much longer when there's more than 2 players as something called "card removal" comes into effect.

    4. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      Not so long ago, people assumed that a world class Go playing computer would also take years to create, and all of of a sudden there was AlphaGo beating them.

    5. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by igny · · Score: 1

      Re:
      "...every time we find a weakness, it learns from us and the weakness disappears the next day."

      Let's not underestimate the power of learning at damn near an exponential rate.


      It does not look like AI learning at exponential time. It looks like nightly patches to a program to remove discovered exploits. Let us wait until "the weakness disappears immediately without any human intervention".

      --
      In theory there is no difference between theory and practice. In practice there is. - Yogi Berra
    6. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by ranton · · Score: 1

      Yes, years. Libratus uses 16 Terabytes of memory for just a 2 player game. The size of the game tree increases by at least a factor of 1000 when moving up to just 3 players.

      This is why better algorithms are almost always a bigger factor than increased computing power when solving these problems. They won't solve playing against 3+ players with more RAM, they will solve it with better algorithms. By some cases algorithmic improvements can be 43 times more important than computing power improvements.

      Considering this AI is already dealing with unknown information, I doubt the size of the "game tree" increases by the factor you cited as you add more players.

      --
      -- All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing. -- Edmund Burke
    7. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by mesterha · · Score: 1

      Where does it say anything about human intervention? The thing is learning while it sleeps.

      --

      Chris Mesterharm
    8. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Heads-Up Hold'Em is a completely different game than standard 9 Player Hold'Em. It's not just that there's 8 people to analyze, you also have to analyze the relationships between every player, which is constantly changing with the flow of the game. Player A crushed B who's on tilt and will be extra aggressive, or maybe B's on-tilt the other way scared and easy to push out of hands, or maybe player B will just shut down and not play anything at all. Then long-time friend C sits down which perks B up, and their style completely changes again. Meanwhile Player A is flush with chips and extra loose with the range of hands their playing if they aren't disciplined or cocky and over aggressive, or disciplined and staying balanced.

      With every development I have to adjust my play, and so would an AI. Hats of for the AI that can solve all that, but it's long way from the sterile heads-up match they're doing now.

      Also most professional players don't post their hand histories, in the way Go players do. The newer pro's are more open to that, but nobody's going to offer up their lifetime hand history to opponents.

    9. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by jbolden · · Score: 1

      Those types of games computers have been beating for years. Given irrational non-statistically valid play simply playing a boring statistical game works really well. Now of course as the M ratio goes up the game gets harder for both computers and humans but for computers faster. Given how easy an M ratio of 50-200 was solved and how small the bots were, solving 1000 or so when players are being irrational shouldn't be hard.

    10. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by Alomex · · Score: 2

      Let's not underestimate the power of learning at damn near an exponential rate.

      Except that you pulled that exponential rate out of your ass. AlphaGo which has by far the best record in self improvement, learns at a linear rate.

    11. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by AlanObject · · Score: 2

      Heads-up (2 player) Texas Holdem

      Came here to say this.

      Also the real test is not against a 1 to 9 pro players. The real test is against a mix of really good players and a few who have no idea what they re doing.

    12. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The real test is against a mix of really good players and a few who have no idea what they re doing.

      Ah, so like an actual professional texas hold'em tournament, where they regularly mix in people off the street who have no idea how to play, just to throw off the professional players.

    13. Re: Heads-up Texas Holdem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      An exponent can be one.
      Trolls gonna troll.
      Nitpickers gonna nitpick.
      Poker playing AI are the least of our problems right now.

    14. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's also poker. Wait until the bots get eyes and use their knowledge of what hands were bluffed or not to become effective enough lie detectors to trounce humans no contest and we have to restrict computers to being blind and deaf as well.

    15. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by goose-incarnated · · Score: 1

      Not so long ago, people assumed that a world class Go playing computer would also take years to create, and all of of a sudden there was AlphaGo beating them.

      People in the nineties assumed that a world class Go playing computer would take years to create. They were correct.

      --
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    16. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by cas2000 · · Score: 1

      and yet, even with all that unfathomable and incalculable complexity, humans manage to play and win the game against other humans

      An AI doesn't have to analyse the game situation perfectly, it just has to do it better than humans. and that's a hell of a lot easier than perfection.

      I, for one, will be glad to see the macho bullshit associated with the idiotic practice of poker disappear - there's no pseudo-testosterone in being thrashed by a computer, or in being - at best - a second-rate poker player.

    17. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by Tom · · Score: 1

      You have never done any game development, it's obvious.

      The step from single-player game to multiplayer game is not a simple upgrade, it's a complete shift in everything. It requires a completely different approach, not a refined version of the same approach.

      In any non-trivial multiplayer game, the interactions between all the players matter, and the complexity of those is subject to combinatorial explosion. Poker being a relatively low-interaction game will not make this as bad as some others, but beating one person and beating a table of people is not the same system with a little more cycles, it quite possibly requires a different approach altogether.

      It will be interesting to see the jump happen, but it is a jump, not a step.

      AI beating humans at a game is merely a beta test. The real application will feed unending greed, which will never die.

      Greed is a game.

      --
      Assorted stuff I do sometimes: Lemuria.org
    18. Re: Heads-up Texas Holdem by Verdatum · · Score: 1

      That's not what exponential growth means. Exponential growth means that the variable is within the exponent; not that the function contains an exponent. Exponential and linear growth are two completely different things.

    19. Re:Heads-up Texas Holdem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Clearly nobody here plays much online poker, for you're all supposing the wrong the order of difficulty. Heads-up holdem is much more difficult, strategically rich, and harder to crack than ring games (6-10 players). In fact, one of a poker site's main jobs is to root out bots playing on their networks, and they're not great at it. Usually it falls to the players running statistical analysis on the hands of the supposed bots to make their case.

      Oh, and those already-existing bots that manage to sneak onto the sites? They make bank, on the order of hundreds of thousands a year. Their style generally targets weaker players at the table and is very effective.

  3. AI? by hcs_$reboot · · Score: 0

    Do we need AI to play poker? A traditional program made by a dev well aware of both poker rules and probabilities should be more than enough to defeat mere humans.

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    1. Re:AI? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "AI" has been redefined to mean "any clever algorithm."

    2. Re:AI? by mwvdlee · · Score: 2

      Should it fold if the opponents bet outweighs the probability?
      If the AI uses probabilities, it itself becomes predictable and therefore trivial to beat.
      The game is setup to make you lose if you only play good hands, so there is no playing safe in poker.
      Probabilities in poker are nearly meaningless if you play against even half-decent amateurs.

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    3. Re:AI? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes, heads-up poker bots already exist in large numbers. Of course, online poker rooms do everything they can to ban them, in an ongoing arms race.

      Disclaimer: I am a former poker bot developer.

    4. Re:AI? by tomhath · · Score: 2

      If it was real AI it would be self-aware. And the computer would be wearing mirrored sunglasses.

    5. Re:AI? by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      Real intelligence is also just computation.

    6. Re:AI? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      God dammit, the "A" in "AI" stands for "artificial".

      Do you know what that means? Arti-fucking-ficial. Pretty much the opposite of "true." "True" and "Artificial" are basically antonyms.

      "True AI" is an oxymoron! You may as well say "Real Leatherette," or "intelligent slashdot poster."

      This poker game may not qualify as "synthetic intelligence," but it is "AI" in precisely the technical sense of the term.

      And you are a fucktard.

    7. Re:AI? by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      Self awareness is only a small part of intelligence. Our brains do a lot of processing that's not self aware.

    8. Re:AI? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If they want to make Poker tournaments interesting, they need to ban that sunglasses and hoodie/hat shit. What a fucking cop-out for shit players who can't hide their tells.

    9. Re:AI? by lgw · · Score: 1

      This is not true/strong AI,

      You keep using that word. I do not think it means what you think it means.

      AI has always mean imitating intelligent behavior through clever algorithms. (Almost) no one researching AI is looking for machine consciousness - why would you want that? They're trying to solve real-world problems with engineering solutions. We want a self-driving car, not a self-aware car.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    10. Re:AI? by lgw · · Score: 2

      If it was real AI it would be self-aware.

      No, that just not what "AI" means, any more than "sentient" means self-aware. Science Fiction keeps abusing those terms, but they have mainstream meanings. AI is clever algorithms that imitate intelligent behavior. Which means it could still be wearing mirrored sunglasses.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    11. Re:AI? by gweihir · · Score: 2

      Aaaand fail. I did write "strong/true AI" and hence you are the one that does not understand the "AI effect". Incidentally, the AI effect proves my point, because there are perfectly good terms for what often is called (non-strong/non-true) AI these days and hence there is zero need to call it AI. Pattern recognition, statistical classification, automation, etc. all far better terms than the entirely misleading unqualified "AI".

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    12. Re:AI? by gweihir · · Score: 2

      An unsubstantiated claim at best. At least actual Science claims no such thing.

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    13. Re:AI? by gweihir · · Score: 0

      Look it up. It has a defined meaning.

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    14. Re:AI? by gweihir · · Score: 1

      These are defined terms. They are not _my_ terms. Look them up before spouting complete nonsense.

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    15. Re:AI? by jbolden · · Score: 1

      A static system fails to good play. Take the most common situation, computer is in the big blind (i.e. you had a forced blind bet before you were dealt). 1/2 the hands dealt will be less than average. Folding a raise with a substandard hand subsidizes your opponent almost always raising regardless of his cards. So you can't fold. Calling a raise with a substandard hand subsidizes your opponent better hands, he raises when he is good and mucks when he isn't. So you can't call. Reraising with substandard hands makes the whole situation even worse.

      There is no static solution against a dynamic opponent in partial information games.

    16. Re:AI? by jbolden · · Score: 1

      What in your opinion is the difference? How can I tell something that looks intelligent from something that is intelligent?

    17. Re:AI? by jbolden · · Score: 1

      Of course it does. More and more we are learning the mechanism by which simple brains work. They are reproducible in software.

    18. Re:AI? by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      There is zero evidence that the brain is magic, even for low values of magic such as "quantum." Actual "Science" does regard the brain as performing computations, massively in parallel.

    19. Re:AI? by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      Ironically, modern neuroscience is beginning to find evidence that your self awareness might consist in large part of your conscious simply being told of decisions that your subconscious has already made. Disturbing thought, isn't it?

    20. Re:AI? by lgw · · Score: 2

      Bro, do you even dictionary? It does have a defined meaning and it's not machine consciousness. For fucks sake, that's science fiction and only science fiction. It's not the common meaning of the term. It's not what "AI researchers" research. It's fanwank. Get over it.

      1 : a branch of computer science dealing with the simulation of intelligent behavior in computers

      2 : the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior

      --
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    21. Re:AI? by gweihir · · Score: 1

      No it does not. Read maybe some actual scientific results? The current scientific of how this works is "we do not know". That is for brains where actual intelligence can be observed. A fruit-fly, for example, cannot be called "intelligent".

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    22. Re:AI? by gweihir · · Score: 1

      No, it does not. Actual science at this time says "we have no clue how this works". There is zero evidence either way and that makes the question open. Or have you forgotten that actual intelligence gets observed nowhere else? That alone makes a default to the physicalist explanation exceptionally non-scientific. Or maybe you think consciousness and intelligence are emergent properties of complexity? If so, that would be "magic" right there, because the whole cannot be more than the sum of its parts in physics.

      The actual scientific fact at this time is that the question is completely open.

      Incidentally, you are wrong about "quantum". The human brain is awash with quantum-effects. They happen all the time in the synapses, and there are about 1,000 trillion of those in a human brain backed very densely. Nobody knows what even tiny deviation in the probability distributions could do.

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    23. Re:AI? by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Well, both "strong AI" and "true AI" are keywords in Wikipedia. It is defined (simplified) as the ability of a machine to perform "general intelligent action". There is no consciousness requirement, but a "generality" requirement. And that makes all the difference. Strong/true AI is AI that is not specialized for one tiny problem, but can solve general problems.

      Whether actual intelligence (whether natural or artificial) is possible without consciousness is an open question and besides the point for the current discussion.

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    24. Re:AI? by jbolden · · Score: 0

      You have been reluctant to define intelligent. I don't know what scientific results you are talking about. We are learning how brains work. We have been able to emulate simple ones. So far there is no sign of some missing ingredient in what we are doing. The road we are on looks promising.

    25. Re:AI? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Banning poker bots is impossible. At worst, you force the user to have two computers. One runs certified sw only, and communicate with the online casino. The other runs the bot, and is not networked and therefore undetectable. Well, you can detect it by the fact that the user wins, but that's it. Some people are good, anyway.

    26. Re:AI? by lgw · · Score: 1

      But that's a thing of science fiction. No one is seriously working towards that - why would we want it? It's neither what academic nor industry AI researchers are doing.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    27. Re:AI? by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Actually, people _are_ working towards that, but there has been very little progress, and hence it does not get reported often. On the other hand, general artificial intelligence even far below what a human moron can do would be extremely helpful. For example, the robotics people would be hugely interested and some other fields too.

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  4. Re:BUT CAN IT OUT-TWIT TRUMP? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    We already have pussy-grabbing bots.

  5. Sounds boring by alzoron · · Score: 1, Redundant

    Without the psychological aspect of staring your opponents in the face it's just a calculation of odds. Takes most of what makes poker poker out of the equation.

    1. Re:Sounds boring by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      Actions speak louder than professional poker faces. Professional poker players pay attention to the betting histories, both in the current game and over longer time periods, of their opponents. That information is also available to the computer.

  6. Important milestone by Mostly+a+lurker · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Unlike with games like Chess (best moves can be precisely calculated) and Backgammon (simple probabilities), Poker requires adapting to human behavior, indeed varying your play depending on what you learn about your opponent. The techniques are going to be applicable to a wide range of situations. For instance, I will go so far as to claim that we will shortly be wise to use an AI to advise us on investment decisions. (In the past, the computer has been used for speed, and reacting to subtle market signals, but not so much for long term investment planning.)

    The next challenge is going to be independent learning. I believe human experts still supervise the learning process of all the best AIs. Once the need for the human adviser goes away, AIs are literally going to be everywhere. Your phone AI will recognize and react to your current mental state, as well as help you overcome everyday problems. The AI in your fridge could become a huge help in keeping you compliant with your diet plans.

    1. Re:Important milestone by gweihir · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Basically, it is the skill to con a human. I see great reprehensible applications in advertising, manipulation of elections and other fields of human-created evil.

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    2. Re:Important milestone by Visarga · · Score: 1

      Poker is not a natural language game, so we're safe yet.

    3. Re:Important milestone by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Shazam!

    4. Re:Important milestone by wbr1 · · Score: 1

      I'm sorry Dave, I can't let you eat that doughnut. Fatass.

      --
      Silence is a state of mime.
    5. Re:Important milestone by Karganeth · · Score: 1

      That's not true. Poker does not require adapting to human behaviour. Just like in chess, poker AIs are always thinking about the best possible counter to their moves and trying to come up with a strategy to that (this process is repeated many times). No understanding of human behaviour is needed, an I expect that Libratus has no code in it whatsoever that adapts to the opponent it is playing.

    6. Re:Important milestone by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't know specifically about this engine. But there are some bots that exploit weakness in the opponent game.
      You can just use the "perfect strategy" (technically the nash equilibrium solution), and it would guarantee that
      you bot wouldn't loose, even against another perfect player. But if your opponent has weakness you can win much more rapidly
      by exploiting them. In that case the bot can use a strategy that would be sub/optimal against a perfect player, but can be
      advantageous against that particularly flawed player.

    7. Re:Important milestone by arobatino · · Score: 1

      Unlike with games like Chess (best moves can be precisely calculated)

      True in theory, but in practice the search space is too big.

    8. Re: Important milestone by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Oblig xkcd
      http://xkcd.com/1002/

      Preservation of humanity over AI now relies on Snakes and Ladders, Calvinball, and Seven Minutes in Heaven.

    9. Re:Important milestone by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      If you find a Nash equilibrium for a finite two person zero sum game, then you can't lose in the long run and you never adapt to the other person's strategy---you just play the Nash equilibrium strategy. In limit two person holdem, the Nash equilibrium was found by the University of Alberta (http://poker.srv.ualberta.ca). That strategy did not adapt to the human players. On the other hand, in the July 2015 video

      https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/video/the-state-of-techniques-for-solving-large-imperfect-information-games-including-poker/

      Professor Sandholm said they were working on adaptive strategies to exploit weaknesses in the opponent's play. Also, at the time he stated that they had not found the Nash equilibrium for no-limit holdem, just approximations to the Nash equilibrium based on lossy abstraction of the game. Their program does run a (nearly?) exact solver on the river.

    10. Re: Important milestone by Pros_n_Cons · · Score: 1

      Dave's not here man.

      --

      -- "of course thats just my opinion, I could be wrong." --Dennis Miller
    11. Re:Important milestone by ColdWetDog · · Score: 1

      "August 4, 1997, and it began to learn at a geometric rate. At 2:14 a.m., EDT, on August 29, it gained artificial consciousness, and the panicking operators, realizing the full extent of its capabilities, tried to deactivate it."

      Yeah, well, the movie was a bit ahead of its time.....

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
    12. Re:Important milestone by ledow · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Poker doesn't.

      It just has a larger search space.

      We've only just got to the point where Chess is beatable, very recently in computing terms.

      We've only just seen a tiny glimpse that Go may be beatable. Google's AI is literally leaps-and-bounds ahead of the game in that respect as the search space is so much unbelievably huger than chess that chess is laughable in comparison.

      The search space for poker - the card game - is complete. We know it exactly, down to the probability of everything. What we don't have the search space for is the betting (which, if fine-grained down to the dollar, increases as you win!). This AI is playing the search space for both, for the best result, and winning, for one particular variant of the card game.

      When you have many players around the table playing this same game, it becomes orders of magnitude more complex in the betting again. The search space is still just searchable though.

      This isn't adapting to human behaviour, it's learning when it loses. It knows when it loses, and it finds other paths and writes off the paths that took it to a loss. If it was playing human behaviour, it would have a webcam and a mic and be analysing stress patterns.

      But, strangely, despite all the bollocks that high-end poker players spout, it's winning without all that. It's winning by just knowing what the odds are in a complex search space that humans wouldn't be able to manage.

      Humans might win by analysing their opponents. This thing just wins by knowing the odds properly for the betting, and playing them.

      You can't bluff probability.

      And despite both our uses of the word, it's not AI in the slightest. It's not intelligent. It's just playing lots and recording the results. There's a difference. Underneath, it's still just a dumb machine brute-forcing a game-graph. It's just that the game-graph is much more complex than "how many cards left in the pack", so it can't necessarily get through it all, but it gets further through it than any of its predecessor's attempts.

      Poker isn't some magical game that only works when humans try to interpret humans. It's just a game like any other. And any game that you add fine-grained betting in a complex rounds system to, with money going up to hundreds of thousands of units, just has complexity far beyond what a standard computer could brute-force or a human can calculate.

      It's at that point that a "sufficiently advanced technology" is miscategorised as "magic" or - in Poker - psychology.

    13. Re:Important milestone by epine · · Score: 1, Flamebait

      Google's AI is literally leaps-and-bounds ahead of the game in that respect as the search space is so much unbelievably huger than chess that chess is laughable in comparison.

      Most people are too nice to point this out, but what you just wrote here amounts to waving a bright red "I'm an idiot" flag.

      Consider this: the search space of Go 25x25 is so much unbelievably huger than Go 19x19 that Go 19x19 is laughable in comparison.

      But wait, I'm not done.

      Consider this: the search space of Go 37x37 is so much unbelievably huger than Go 25x25 that Go 25x25 is laughable in comparison.

      Just two strides, and I'm already breaking into a Cantor.

      Consider this: the search space of AES 512 is so much unbelievably huger than AES 256 that AES 256 is laughable in comparison.

      Are you still laughing?

      Check out Game complexity. By your chosen criteria, Connect6 19x19 two decimal orders of magnitude more manly than mere Go.

      Really? That's the standard you judge by?

    14. Re:Important milestone by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      Putting aside your silly examples, would you agree with parent that Go is a much more complex game than chess, even if judged by other criteria than game tree size ?

    15. Re:Important milestone by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Well, maybe. Combine Watson with this and that may change.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    16. Re:Important milestone by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The next challenge is going to be independent learning.

      That's been the only "challenge" for AI nuts since 1980, when it was shown to be impossible. In almost 40 years, we've made no progress at all. Probably because it's not possible... Denial is strong with you guys.

    17. Re:Important milestone by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Compiling opponents hand data, categorizing them accordingly, and displaying info via overlay was big back when online poker was still legal in the US. You could play two or three tables at a time and win because a quick glance at the icons by the players' names would let you how they would likely bet, would they bluff, would they call no matter what, etc based on their history. I'm sure some people made bots doing just that, combining in some game theory calculations for the actions. Now the hard part is intelligently using that information against world class players, rather than just your average online low-limit player.

    18. Re:Important milestone by lgw · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Not as humans play it. You don't play the early game, or any area where pieces are sparse, by exhaustive analysis, but that's where the mechanical search space would be largest. (Much like humans don't play the endgame in chess that way.) "Complexity" of the naive search space, before even the most basic pruning, isn't an interesting measure.

      Playing as humans play, the early game in chess is more complex than go, the midgame is similar, the endgame is much more complex in go. Go is harder to write a bot for, because chess is more complex in ways that are hard for humans, while go is more complex in ways that are hard to program. Does that make it a "more complex game"? Maybe - it's all down to definitions.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    19. Re:Important milestone by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      There was a story on Slashdot a while ago about the world's largest hedge fund replacing their fund managers with computers. That's not really that impressive though, since many studies have shown you can replace fund managers with monkeys flipping coins and get the same performance.

      Many of the best learning systems are currently taught in an unsupervised way. They're fed stimuli and form their own internal model. Finally they're given a minimum of supervised training. Like a baby gazing around at the world for a few years then being told that the fluffy four legged thing is called a cat.

    20. Re:Important milestone by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      When you're excoriating someone, particularly on the Internet, you really shouldn't use words you've only ever heard. A cantor is someone who leads people in singing. I think you meant "canter" which is a quadrupedal gait between a trot and a gallop.

    21. Re:Important milestone by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      to claim that we will shortly be wise to use an AI to advise us on investment decisions.

      No. If equivalent AI's were available to everyone, there would be no competitive advantage in stock trades. They would "negate" each other. That is why nobody with money would release theirs until they essentially "won" the stock market.

      "The Singularity", if it happens, will be the ultimate "winner take all" event for whatever corporation gets there first.

    22. Re:Important milestone by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Given what you've mentioned, does this make the algorithm np-complete?

    23. Re: Important milestone by wbr1 · · Score: 1
      You took my 2001 A Space Odyssey and went all Cheech and Chong on it man. Not sure if that is cool or harshing my mellow.

      God, I'm old.

      --
      Silence is a state of mime.
    24. Re:Important milestone by cas2000 · · Score: 1

      hallelujah!

      stock trades as a form of gambling need to fuck right off.

      the stock market is supposed to be for investing, not speculative gambling and pump-and-dump operations on the share price.

      anything other than that is mere parasitism, producing nothing of value to anyone - just transferring value to some and destroying value in the process for everyone else.

  7. Card counting? by bluegutang · · Score: 1, Offtopic

    Isn't card counting such an effective way to win at poker that casinos ban it? And shouldn't a poker AI count cards pretty much by default? So no wonder it's effective.

    1. Re:Card counting? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Although I don't know how they setup this competition, each hand is typically independent in matches involving computers: you put back the cards and shuffle the desk randomly. This is how it works for online poker. Defeats the point of counting cards between hands.

    2. Re:Card counting? by Imrik · · Score: 1

      Card counting is for blackjack and is ineffective for all but the best at it. Casinos ban it because doing so encourages people to lose money trying and so they can get rid of the rare person that's good at it without any trouble.

    3. Re:Card counting? by ledow · · Score: 1

      Depends on the variant. Poker is a game which you can graph pretty easily, with probabilities for "unknown" hands.

      The problem is not the card game, but the betting. You have many possibilities on how to bet and when to bet and that explodes the game graph. This AI has the betting in hand, not the card game (the latter is easy but in an incomplete-knowledge game like Texas Hold'em isn't enough on it's own).

      And there are STILL people, on here and other sites, that give you the "human element" bollocks because no AI has had the complexity to do the betting properly. Looks like they're wrong. All it needed was a sufficiently complex model of the game. This AI isn't looking at player's faces, analysing their voices or any other bollocks. It's just playing the full game to the statistics. And it's winning consistently.

      All that "reading their poker face" shite has just been proven bollocks. We knew that, anyway, because no poker player has ever consistently won all tournaments.

    4. Re: Card counting? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's 1v1, even I can count the two cards in my hand and the five on the table.

    5. Re:Card counting? by fluffernutter · · Score: 1

      So then it's not playing like a human. It's still playing like a computer, and yeah, we all know computers can calculate statistics better so there is no real news here.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    6. Re:Card counting? by CptLoRes · · Score: 2

      Playing in Casinos is more like a IQ test. Only idiots and the few exceptional bright would play a game where everything is in the houses favor and the house can change the rules as they see fit.

    7. Re: Card counting? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not really. We do lots of things that have a low probability of success; often sub 50%. Dating, playing a difficult game, running races, etc etc etc.

      It's only stupid if you can't afford to lose.

    8. Re:Card counting? by Imrik · · Score: 1

      The house can't change the rules as they see fit, at least for legal casinos. About the worst they can do is give you your winnings and throw you out. Sometimes, particularly with slots, you find cases where the players didn't fully understand the rules of the game.

      As for it being an IQ test, only idiots and the few exceptionally bright people would play a game in the house's favor and expect to win. If you expect to lose and do it as entertainment, it gives similar value to a lot of other forms of entertainment.

  8. Re: BUT CAN IT OUT-TWIT TRUMP? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If a bot can grab a pussy and you cant it just says a lot about your generation of faggy imbeciles and stupid lesbian bitches.

  9. Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The election is over. Hillary lost.

    1. Re:Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      2008
      In the nearly three-minute-long clip posted this afternoon, Trump spoke with what seems like a genuine nostalgia for the “Clinton years,” calling critics of former president Bill Clinton “jealous as hell.”

      “We had no war, the economy was doing great, everybody was happy,” he said. “A lot of people hated him because they were jealous as hell.”

      When asked specifically about Hillary Clinton’s legacy, within the context of her 2008 loss of the democratic nomination, Trump said her history was “far from being over.”

      “I’d like to answer that question in another 15 years from now,” he said. “I think she’s going to go down, at a minimum, as a great senator. I think she is a great wife to a president.”

    2. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How could Trump have known she'd buy her way into Secretary of State and almost bribe her way into the Presidency?

      Clinton Foundation is shutting down. Funny how the money stops flowing when you can't buy favors.

    3. Re:Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Only in a few African countries, and the US, can you get 3 million more votes and not win.

    4. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      “I’ll tell you there is something that I wanted to say because I was honored—very, very honored—when I heard that President Bill Clinton and Secretary Hillary Clinton was coming today, and I think that’s appropriate to say. And I’d like you to stand up. I’d like you to stand up,” Trump said at his inaugural luncheon in the Capitol, as the Clintons received a standing ovation.

    5. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      2013
      How Hillary did as secretary of state? "Above and beyond everybody else" -Trump

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?...

    6. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That was masterful trolling by Trump. He forced them to stand up when they didn't want to, they had to smile, they quickly sat back down, and he clapped way too long.

      This guy is just the perfect troll king.

    7. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      He was still courting favor with the probable future President. He'd be an idiot not to butter her up back then.

    8. Re:Crybaby by ColdWetDog · · Score: 1

      No, we did.

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
    9. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Clinton Foundation is shutting down"

      They shut down a program of the foundation, not the foundation.

    10. Re: Crybaby by mrclevesque · · Score: 1

      “Hillary Clinton I think is a terrific woman,” he told Greta Van Susteren. “I am biased because I have known her for years. I live in New York. She lives in New York. I really like her and her husband both a lot"

    11. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Point reinforced: he is as sly as anyone

    12. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So you don't believe that Trump has ever bought any favors? And you don't believe that he will in any way attempt to personally capitalize on being president?

    13. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "a wonderful woman"

      Trump and two of his sons with Hillary: http://www.motherjones.com/fil...

    14. Re:Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What are you talking about? Trump got 304 votes, Clinton got 227. Or are you still ignorant of how a union of States votes?

    15. Re: Crybaby by tomhath · · Score: 1

      hey shut down a program of the foundation

      Yea, the program that was using foundation money to buy Hillary the Oval Office.

    16. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Obviously, the media reminds us everyday. What they don't do is talk about crooked Clinton was so it's important to remind people the other candidate was evil as well.

    17. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yea, right. And Trump tried to close down his whole foundation but he can't because it's being investigated for fraud.

    18. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Everybody gets their turn being called evil

    19. Re:Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, you would have to start a new civil war were you force the states with people who you think are 'lesser' people to give up their rights their ancestors fought for during the civil war. The coastal states are more populated, and you could easily recruit people for a Marxist revolution. But then again, do you really want a popular democracy like those socialist regimes in communist eastern Europe in the 20th century? Democracy doesn't work that well with large states, because the largest group of people automatically becomes the ruling class. Especially when cultural Marxism is what defines the identity of the new socialist government, you risk creating a new USSR with a depressing 'everyone is completely equal, and those who do better should be punished'.

    20. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Omg, you're accusing Trump of being disingenuous?

    21. Re:Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's a pretty awful turnout with a population over 300 000 000 people.

    22. Re:Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why would change imply Marxism or 'everyone is completely equal, and those who do better should be punished'.

    23. Re: Crybaby by dacaldar · · Score: 1
      Actually you can argue that it's worse in Canada. You only get to vote for a local riding candidate, and the Prime Minister is essentially/usually the leader of the party who wins the most ridings.

      you can still have lots of rounding error like the USA, and you can't even directly vote for the leader, even though most treat their local vote as such.

      Ironically, Russia does this part right. While their elections may be invalid for other reasons, their voting system makes more sense. You get a country wide horse race for the President, no rounding, and a separate riding system to ensure local ministers represent you.

    24. Re: Crybaby by Ulric · · Score: 1

      All four heads look like they were photoshopped on. :D

    25. Re: Crybaby by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      :)

      I'm not sure Trump likes her that much!

    26. Re: Crybaby by Coren22 · · Score: 1

      In reality, this is how the US election works for the most part.

      When voting, it may say Donald J. Trump and Hillary R Clinton, but you are really voting for electors which vote for the president. It is a system meant to balance the needs of high population areas and low population areas so that it isn't a tyranny of the majority, but for some reason there are many who seem to think tyranny sounds pretty good.

      --
      APK likes to ask for responses to the same things over and over. Maybe he just likes the responses?
    27. Re:Crybaby by Coren22 · · Score: 1

      The US lost because there were no good candidates. I mostly blame the terrible primaries for that though.

      --
      APK likes to ask for responses to the same things over and over. Maybe he just likes the responses?
    28. Re: Crybaby by BigDogCH · · Score: 1

      "It is a system meant to balance the needs of high population areas and low population areas so that it isn't a tyranny..." Not quite. Its a system designed to work with two limitations. One was the technology of the time. The second was the uncooperative states; they were offered more voting power than otherwise entitled in order to entice them along. The founders of this system were not fans of it themselves, but offering some states increased voting power was the only way to get those states to commit. Our founding fathers didn't like this system, but it was as close to a democracy as could be created given the players. Personally,I think every vote should be counted, and the electoral college scrapped. It is outdated.

  10. Why? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Why is Trump such a little bitch?

  11. Next purchase by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The next purchase by all professional poker players is going to be a high end machine running AI. It is going to be the prolific 'best stock investment software' fraud all over again.
    Software engineers, start your engines!

  12. Trump's small unit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Trump, like his supporters, has a very small Johnson.

  13. You only just found out? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    We know. We knew ages ago.

  14. I wouldn't make it public by jgfenix · · Score: 1

    I would use it to earn money.

    1. Re:I wouldn't make it public by ledow · · Score: 1

      How do you know there aren't already thousands of these things out there doing just that?

  15. How do I find this on Twitch???? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I spent 5 minutes looking for it using Twitch's search function on Android and can not find the damned thing. Can someone help me out.

    1. Re:How do I find this on Twitch???? by ledow · · Score: 2

      https://www.twitch.tv/libratus...

      It's in the damn article if you read it.

  16. What if...wha...oh. What if Trump's entire campaign is driven by an AI?

    "Now dispute crowd sizes. Celebrities and news media will double down on their loud Hollywood mouths. It matters little in the short run but builds background distrust of them. This will be used in 4 years."

    --
    (-1: Post disagrees with my already-settled worldview) is not a valid mod option.
  17. This by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    My brother and I were playing poker against some young players, they were all about the probabilities and big into watching poker on tv. We cleaned them out pretty quick once we realized they would fold if they didn't have a good probability of winning. We'd just buy the pot.

    1. Re:This by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      The solution is to combine probability calculations with unpredictable behavior.

    2. Re:This by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      aight, get right on it. you can make millions with your genius solution that everybody so far has overlooked.

    3. Re:This by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      It's exactly what they are doing, so no, they haven't overlooked it.

    4. Re:This by Verdatum · · Score: 1

      woosh.

  18. Libratus vs. DeepStack? by starless · · Score: 2

    So, will Libratus play against DeepStack (from the University of Alberta etc.), which also claims to be able to beat professional level humans...?

    DeepStack: Expert-Level Artificial Intelligence in No-Limit Poker

    DeepStack becomes the first computer program to beat professional poker players in heads-up no-limit Texas hold'em

    https://arxiv.org/abs/1701.017...

  19. the next thing is the skynet or joshua by Joe_Dragon · · Score: 1

    Just don't hook it up to any missile command system.

  20. AI investment will be interesting by rsilvergun · · Score: 1

    since most stock "advisors" are actually salesmen who get commissioned for pushing certain stocks (and IIRC they'll even tell you that, albeit with the weaselistly words possible).

    What worries me is that this is another case of increased efficiency in our economy. Inefficiency is a huge part of what keeps it all going. Now, it's certainly true that it's ridiculous to pay people to break windows to employ window makers; but I'm not convinced we're going to have anything for those window makers to do if tomorrow the number of broken windows drops 90%. We either need a solution to keep the money and resources flowing or it'll collect at the top like it always has.

    --
    Hi! I make Firefox Plug-ins. Check 'em out @ https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/youtube-mp3-podcaster/
    1. Re:AI investment will be interesting by lgw · · Score: 1

      As you increase efficiency, people can buy more fore the same money, so it evens out. Looked at a different way, set the notion of money aside: what we consume is what we produce (assuming an efficient market, so we're not producing stuff no one wants). More production will always mean more consumption. More efficiency just means more production, because we as consumers are never satisfied.

      Of course, times can get turbulent as jobs move to new areas faster than people can retrain, and this certainly isn't the first time that's happened.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    2. Re:AI investment will be interesting by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      High-frequency trading is AI investment: humans can't make decisions at those time scales, so there must be some amount of AI involved. Of course, how much is the human manually selecting heuristics vs. the computer learning everything varies, and likely over time humans will be less and less involved in those decisions.

  21. They've crossed the line! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Eliminating a few jobs here and there is fine...but making a machine that can beat me at POKER??? That' is an abomination against God! We've got to put a stop to this evil once and for all!

    You geeks have gone too far! Time for you to get put back in your place!

    1. Re: They've crossed the line! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Al will not be invited to any of my home Hold'em games.

  22. No it has not. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    From the goddamned dictionary, you fucktard:

    "the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior

    This is what the term has meant since it was first used, and what it still means today. It just so happens that a lot more software development today is directly aimed at imitating intelligent human behavior than in previous years, so the term is used more often.

    Them's the facts. Deal with it.

  23. Online Poker Turing test? by mystik · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I've never used an online gambling site, but doesn't the existence of this AI kill off the fairness of these sites?

    If a user is running this in his or her basement, wouldn't it pay more to just babysit the AI, acting on all the human-check capchas the sites deploy, and just doing what the AI decides?

    This makes online poker effectively gold farming?

    --
    Why aren't you encrypting your e-mail?
    1. Re:Online Poker Turing test? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The online poker sites have software that does its best to prevent bots from playing. It's also against their terms of use. It doesn't stop everyone, but it does prevent a lot of bot play.

    2. Re:Online Poker Turing test? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It might even bleed over into casino poker where the big money is made. People could wear a digital watch with a bluetooth connection to a mobile computer stuffed in their pocket or somewhere else on their body. If a watch is too obvious, there are other ways that the player can be signaled.

    3. Re: Online Poker Turing test? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Then it will become a game of who can make the better ai program!

    4. Re:Online Poker Turing test? by quantaman · · Score: 2

      The online poker sites have software that does its best to prevent bots from playing. It's also against their terms of use. It doesn't stop everyone, but it does prevent a lot of bot play.

      Have two machines running side by side. Input game state from the poker site machine into your bot, and enter the moves from your bot into the poker site machine.

      It's pretty much impossible to prevent unless you can algorithmically detect computer style play, or simply decide a user at a certain level is too good to be human.

      --
      I stole this Sig
    5. Re:Online Poker Turing test? by alexo · · Score: 1

      The online poker sites have software that does its best to prevent bots from playing.

      It's pretty much impossible to prevent unless you can algorithmically detect computer style play.

      Which is a part of what those algorithms do, try to detect patterns that would indicate a non-human decision maker.

      Obviously, as the AIs become more sophisticated, so must the detection algorithms. However, if the algorithm's play becomes so human-like that it defeats all attempts to distinguish it from that of an actual human (essentially passing the Turing test), would it still have an advantage over a human?

      It is similar to the situation that we have in chess. Current algorithms running on consumer level hardware can consistently defeat even the best human players, and still online tournaments are being played. Of course, poker is played for money, so the incentive to cheat will be higher.

    6. Re: Online Poker Turing test? by rickb928 · · Score: 1

      And a deserved end to online poker.

      And virtually every other online or Internet based game. AI will rule, and humans will only tolerate verifiable human opponents.

      --
      deleting the extra space after periods so i can stay relevant, yeah.
    7. Re:Online Poker Turing test? by quantaman · · Score: 1

      However, if the algorithm's play becomes so human-like that it defeats all attempts to distinguish it from that of an actual human (essentially passing the Turing test), would it still have an advantage over a human?

      Yes.

      Not all humans are equal, if my algorithm's play is indistinguishable from a really good human then I'll still make a lot of money.

      --
      I stole this Sig
    8. Re:Online Poker Turing test? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > If a user is running this in his or her basement

      You'd need quite a basement to fit the Bridges supercomputer: https://www.psc.edu/index.php/bridges/user-guide/system-configuration
      I wasn't able to find exactly what resources were devoted to the Libratus, only this:
      > Libratus has evolved its poker-playing strategy by running for 15 million processor-core-hours
      http://spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/robotics/artificial-intelligence/meet-the-new-ai-challenging-human-poker-pros

  24. Performance per watt and other metrics by KBentley57 · · Score: 1

    I think it's fantastic that we're making progress with 'smart pattern matching'. However, I still get disappointed when I read the hardware specs required to do so. Imagine for a moment: 5 humans competing in a highly complex game with several hundred inputs to each player; spatial, acoustic, thermal, temporal etc. The complex task of facial recognition of multiple players, and how that relates to our 'operating system'. Hiding your own emotions, doing the best you can with statistics, the sounds, the environment, etc. The total thermal dissipated power of the brains at the table of 5 players is on the order of 100W? The short term memory capacity on the order of kilobits? To me, this isn't even a 'game' in the sense that there's any chance for competition. No human can (as in gets the opportunity to) analyze the complete history of an individuals games. No human can spend more than ~40W of TDP at any given time, and the memory limit, while not a well defined quantity is certainly much much less than the memory available to the cluster. For this to be a fair game, they should plug the entire system into a 2,000 Calorie battery, and run it till end of each day, with a memory limited to the span of interaction with a group of players. Else it's just an exercise in how many teslas you can afford to throw at a concurrent problem.

    1. Re:Performance per watt and other metrics by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So the real question is: Can the AI win enough to pay the power and hardware bill?

  25. Not so good after all. by PPH · · Score: 4, Funny

    Libratus has a poker tell. His CPU fan speeds up whenever he gets a good hand.

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.
  26. It's not really an AI until... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ...it throws it's cards down in disgust, and screams between fits of weeping, "But Hilary won the popular vote!!!!".
     
      Like a real human.

    1. Re:It's not really an AI until... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ...screams between fits of weeping, "But Hilary won the popular vote!!!!".

      No sign of intelligence there, artificial or otherwise.

  27. New techniques are required.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I believe you can tell they are bluffing by the pitch of the processor.

  28. AI system for sports betting. by lazy+genes · · Score: 0

    I developed an algorithm that predicted the probability of a home team beating the point spread. The biggest problem was trying to ignore my ego. The percentage of profit was so small that you could only bet small amounts. I had to teach myself statistics and how to build a database . Since it used weather as a variable I was able to use the same database for discovering tidal movements in the upper atmosphere.

  29. I can load this AI onto my smartphone by ayesnymous · · Score: 1

    and bring it to the casino?

    1. Re:I can load this AI onto my smartphone by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sure, if your smartphone has got a 12 TB SSD.

  30. Chess and Go by Tenebrousedge · · Score: 1

    I'm probably at a 1300 ELO in chess, which means I can probably manage to not completely embarrass myself against the chess club president at Podunk High School, but reliably beat anyone who hasn't given the game some relatively serious study. I've read a dozen or so books about openings and endgames, and I keep some chess engines kicking around the smartphone and computer, but I've never had any serious interest in mastery nor any real hope of it. That said, one of the first things one notices about computer analysis of chess openings is that most paths get pruned *very* quickly. With expert play, it is very easy to turn a positional advantage into a material advantage, and this is true for human experts as well. The distribution of chess openings used in master-level play is extremely similar to the computer ranking of those openings, with the exceptions being the more obviously ridiculous things like 1. a4 ... 2. h4 that no computer would ever consider playing. It's also widely said that chess is the game where the winner is the person who made the second-to-last mistake. So while the theoretical number of possible moves in chess is large, in practice the number of viable positions is much smaller, and as long as you're sufficiently clever when evaluating positions and pruning branches then your average desktop computer will be able to completely evaluate all interesting positions up to 20+ ply (20 half-moves, so 10 moves from each player) in advance of a given position in just a few minutes, even without opening tables or endgame tables. The opening is an even worse example. The opening in chess is not just less complex than go, it's actually completely solved, and it's not inconceivable that at some point in the next century or two that the game could be solved completely. So in terms of how the game is actually played, this means that both chess engines and human players will have an "opening book" and not even start evaluating positions for the first 10-20 moves.

    Chess games are as sharply decisive as they are because, I believe, most of the pieces can affect most other pieces, and because captures remove pieces from the board, which tends to further increase any advantage. It's fairly easy to evaluate at any given position, and one can prune branches extremely quickly. I don't personally have any idea how to evaluate a Go position; even on small boards I lose without knowing why. However, if we are to have a single definition of complexity, it must be the mathematical one. Go has more potential positions and more decisions, and whether or not it's easier or harder for computers or humans to actually play it is more of a tangential issue. I'm not sure on quite what basis you can dismiss that definition, but even aside from that, perhaps you can provide any example of a way in which Chess is more complex than Go, because your specific example proved rather the opposite point.

    --
    Those who advocate genocide deserve every protection afforded by law, and none afforded by common human decency.
  31. Banning bots by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If your bot is not running on the machine the online poker is run on, I don't see how it can be detected. Either have a human enter the cards into the ai or use image recognision, and have the AI tell the action to a human.
    Then outsource the work to "earn money from your home"-drones.