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White House Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without Reforms (reuters.com)

An anonymous reader quotes a report from Reuters: The Trump administration does not want to reform an internet surveillance law to address privacy concerns, a White House official told Reuters on Wednesday, saying it is needed to protect national security. The announcement could put President Donald Trump on a collision course with Congress, where some Republicans and Democrats have advocated curtailing the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, or FISA, parts of which are due to expire at the end of the year. The FISA law has been criticized by privacy and civil liberties advocates as allowing broad, intrusive spying. It gained renewed attention following the 2013 disclosures by former National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden that the agency carried out widespread monitoring of emails and other electronic communications. Portions of the law, including a provision known as Section 702, will expire on Dec. 31 unless Congress reauthorizes them. Section 702 enables two internet surveillance programs called Prism and Upstream, classified details of which were revealed by Snowden. Democratic and Republican lawmakers have said reforms to Section 702 are needed, in part to ensure the privacy protections on Americans are not violated. The U.S. House of Representatives' Judiciary Committee met Wednesday to discuss possible changes to the law.

61 comments

  1. But Trump is the Emperor by fredrated · · Score: 1, Insightful

    so Congress should just give him anything he wants!

    1. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by Geoffrey.landis · · Score: 2

      So far, the Republicans in Congress have been following along with Trump's lead. It seems unlikely that they will pick this as the issue to break ranks with him.

      --
      http://www.geoffreylandis.com
    2. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by the_Bionic_lemming · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It's unfortunate that they are going to just let this be renewed, it was bad enough under Bush, but at least they are not expanding it like Obama did.

      --
      _ _ _ Go for the eyes Boo! GO FOR THE EYES!
    3. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Interesting

      That's unfair in this case since they're talking about renewing an existing law. That's much easier than making changes. You have to get those changes approved in both House and Senate committees then approved by both. I was a page for Ted Kennedy in 1977 when he wrote this bill. Blaming Trump for something Ted Kennedy wrote and Jimmy Carter signed is just ingenuous.

    4. Re: But Trump is the Emperor by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hail Donaldus Caesar!

      Bread & Circus, Incarcerated.

    5. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Blaming Twitler, or more likely, President Bannon, is not disingenuous. I almost don't care who wrote it originally, or who signed it. What matters is that it's being renewed now – just as it was about to sunset. The decision to renew it is his, not Kennedy's or Carter's. Do we need it now? Why exactly?

      I don't know, but maybe if we remind the Conservitards that it was a Dem idea, they'll poo poo it solely on that basis.

    6. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by Tokolosh · · Score: 1, Informative

      Democrat Nancy Pelosi has been pushing for these powers all along (except when she is the spyee).

      --
      Prove anything by multiplying Huge Number times Tiny Number
    7. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by GrumpySteen · · Score: 4, Insightful

      It's unfortunate that they are going to just let this be renewed, it was bad enough under Bush, but at least we haven't found out that they're expanding it like Obama did.

      FTFY

      There are still 10 months left in the year for them to decide that Trump deserves even wider surveillance powers to prevent imaginary attacks like the Bowling Green massacre.

    8. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by rtb61 · · Score: 1

      Ohh, fuck off. Trump has clearly rolled over and is now under establishment control. Anything the establishment wants, Trump will give them and it is back to fuck the majority, over and over and over again. Suckers did the work of the establishment without even knowing it, morons.

      --
      Chaos - everything, everywhere, everywhen
    9. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      so Congress should just give him anything he wants!

      His travel ban nonsense was supposedly completely urgent and had to be done right then or the terrorists were going to get us. (The process already takes around 2 years. Its hard to extreme that up too much, unless your just hoping people will drop dead before coming in.)

      Last I heard they were going to delay the new version a bit so as not to step on his new positive message.

      In general, if a president of any party says something is needed for national security then I want it proved, and if they can't, or aren't willing to declassify enough information, then it isn't that necessary.

      Nothing the twit in chief says has any value whatsoever, beyond perhaps prompting one to check a reputable source. Our president is anything but. Last night he just took another step to embrace his inner Joseph Goebbels, which is a pity, since improving his acting skills may be enough to get us into even more trouble.

    10. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Do we need it now? Why exactly?"
      Because it is needed more today than it was back in 1977. Everyone should actually read the provisions in the FISA law. Two of the main points is that any evidence collected under a FISA warrant can not be used in court. The evidence can be used to petition the court for a normal warrant from the court. The second big point is the "F" in the FISA law. A FISA warrant requires at least one of the targets of the investigation to be foreign. The law is as balanced as it can be to protect citizen rights while also providing the government with the information needed to protect the country. The Constitution and Bill of Rights are not suicide pacts. Whether you believe it or not the US does have legitimate security concerns. Balancing security and civil liberties is never perfect. The screams emanating from the security-civil people make the balancing act even harder. Both sides walk away not getting everything they want.

    11. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by buck-yar · · Score: 1

      Pelosi actually opposed it from the start http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Poli...

      Whether it was partisan politics, I cannot say. Probably more likely upset over the Bush administration cutting off information going into her oversight committee.

    12. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by buck-yar · · Score: 1

      The full NSA data is available to any agency since Obama signed this executive order https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/...

      DEA using it for drug busts http://www.drugpolicy.org/news...

    13. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by Tokolosh · · Score: 1

      As any conniving politician would, she has her bases covered. I raise you http://www.dailykos.com/story/...

      --
      Prove anything by multiplying Huge Number times Tiny Number
    14. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by Coren22 · · Score: 1

      Um, is it better to vote for someone who speaks out against the establishment, and caves in the end, or someone who was outspoken about being part of the establishment? I can't say where Jill Stein fits, as she has never been successfully elected, but Johnson and Clinton were firmly establishment figures.

      --
      APK likes to ask for responses to the same things over and over. Maybe he just likes the responses?
    15. Re:But Trump is the Emperor by Coren22 · · Score: 1

      According to State, it usually takes 60 days, so not sure what process you are talking about.

      https://travel.state.gov/conte...

      Perhaps you meant the legal immigration process which hasn't been changed?

      --
      APK likes to ask for responses to the same things over and over. Maybe he just likes the responses?
  2. Thanks Obama/Bush/etc by TrancePhreak · · Score: 2

    People didn't stand up strong enough last time, now this is the new normal. It's always harder to get back rights after they have been taken. Push hard to undo this, but don't expect anything to change. (Remember, they were also doing this before it was legalized).

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    -]Phreak Out[-
    1. Re:Thanks Obama/Bush/etc by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The name of the US President is DONALD J TRUMP

      Direct your reactions to Trump, because he's in a position to do something about it.

    2. Re:Thanks Obama/Bush/etc by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      We should be pushing back a hell of a lot harder than we are.
      -Snowden for president.
      -mothball the NSA
      -nuremberg the NSA ...that seems like a good start.

  3. Just like the last Administration by mpercy · · Score: 2, Informative

    Pres. Obama did not seek changes for FISA and allowed its renewal. He also oversaw renewal of PATRIOT Act, twice. Well, he signed the a last-minute 4-year extension and then 4 years later signed the USA Freedom Act, which renewed the PATRIOT Act, which had finally expired.

    1. Re:Just like the last Administration by coastwalker · · Score: 2

      I regret to say that America has been no different to the old Soviet Union or East Germany for some decades. It is laughable to think back to the days when we pointed nuclear weapons at them believing them to be the totalitarian enemy and now we are them.

      --
      Facts are history now plebs have politics for religion on social media.
    2. Re:Just like the last Administration by halivar · · Score: 4, Insightful

      That's silly. Alright, I don't like where America is heading, but I grew up a couple miles from the Berlin Wall, and I can tell you that what I saw when I looked out over it looked nothing remotely like America. We do not know fear or hopelessness the way East Germans did. This kind of hysterical false equivalency does not help the cause because it makes pro-privacy look alarmist. We are on a bad trajectory, that's enough to argue from.

    3. Re: Just like the last Administration by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Trumps entire campaign was based on fear, fear of non-existant horrible crime rates, fear of the world taking all our jobs when the robots are doing that, fear of liberals taking the coal jobs when the fracking and cheap natural gas has...fear and lies...just like the regimes of old.

    4. Re: Just like the last Administration by halivar · · Score: 1

      No, the East German regime was based on being occupied by a way bigger, more powerful country.

    5. Re:Just like the last Administration by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      True. This is only noteworthy because Trump's campaign pledges included limiting the power of the executive branch and "draining the swamp". He was elected, partly, precisely because he wasn't going to continue with "business as usual".

      So here we are.

    6. Re:Just like the last Administration by AHuxley · · Score: 2

      The paper files on every interesting person are the same, East or West. All the audio tapes, paper files found in East in the early 1990's got presented to the media. The reports back to the Soviet Union.
      Often the same East German workers are now working for Germany as policy advisors. The German press even knows they worked in the East German security bureaucracy and have now found roles in German politics and government.
      Germany now has better computers, the help of the NSA, GCHQ for the BND. The need to protect German democracy at any cost is just a new job for former East German staff. Zersetzung to protect German democracy... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

      --
      Domestic spying is now "Benign Information Gathering"
    7. Re: Just like the last Administration by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Hillary's entire campaign was based on fear,"

      FTFY

    8. Re:Just like the last Administration by Falconhell · · Score: 1

      You have obviously never visited the rust belt states, they clearly resemble the rot in East Germany.
      Goingby what I see, there is a lot of fear and hopelessness in the US currently, from those not fooled by President baboon.

  4. The Flynn affair really has him rattled by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    The administration seems ready to rubber stamp anything the intelligence creeps want.

  5. Next step by xession · · Score: 1

    Maybe the next step can be for them will be to introduce an internet curfew. It can be a cost saving measure so that data only need be collected between 8am and 4pm monday through thursday. Friday through sunday, we'll be expected to take our agression inhibitors. Close the universities, public schools, and public libraries and then burn the books because those spawn ideas of dissent.

  6. Just as big a FAGGOT as everyone else by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    See how your boy Trump is? Trump is no better than anyone else when it comes right down to it. His idea of 'making America great again' does not include giving back hard-working, innocent-as-a-lamb; born-and-raised American citizens their very basic Human rights to privacy. Trump is the same nosy ASSHOLE that every other gods-be-DAMNED faggot President has ever been, and you stupid bastards fell for his shit. I hope you're all proud of yourselves.

    Oh but they don't spy on ME, they only spy on BROWN people and other 'undesirables'!

    If that wasn't so fucking PATHETIC I'd say it was adorable that you're all so gods-be-damned NAIVE as to believe that YOU are not being spied on.

    I'm going to laugh my ass off as you morons discover that you've been bait-and-switched yet again and NOTHING is really going to change. 'Make America great again', LOL that's a laugh!

  7. White House Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without Re by Frosty+Piss · · Score: 5, Informative

    SURPRISE!

    But seriously, President Obama was in love with the various spy laws as well...

    --
    If you want news from today, you have to come back tomorrow.
  8. Once these sorts of laws are enacted... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ...they are never removed. Simple as that. Governments love power, especially power over their own citizens.

  9. and this surprises ANYONE? by v1 · · Score: 2

    [Insert Government Name Here] Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without Reforms

    That's pretty much a universal truth lately, isn't it?

    --
    I work for the Department of Redundancy Department.
  10. Re:White House Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without by phantomfive · · Score: 1

    Given that most Americans favor the surveillance, including both Republicans and Democrats, it would be rather foolish politically to try to change them. Something bad is going to happen that's bigger than LOVEINT or even spying on politicians, because the NSA has done both of those things.

    --
    "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
  11. So this is part of ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Homeland Security?
    And how many terrorists has it caught?
    How many organized crime members?
    How many sex-slave organization members?
    How many elected officials engaging in bribery/kickbacks?
    How many scam artists preying on the elders and ignorant?
    How many marjuana users?
    Answers to these and related questions will be very revealing, showng the true nature of the law and
    its consequences...

    1. Re:So this is part of ... by Tokolosh · · Score: 2

      ...and at what cost?

      Follow the money.

      --
      Prove anything by multiplying Huge Number times Tiny Number
  12. In other words... by Lumpy · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Trump is a slimy politician just like all the Career politicians.

    Not one of them give a flying fuck about the constitution.

    --
    Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
    1. Re:In other words... by tlhIngan · · Score: 1

      Trump is a slimy politician just like all the Career politicians.

      Not one of them give a flying fuck about the constitution.

      To be fair, Trump only promised to "drain" the swamp. He didn't actually say he'd clean up the muck.

      And truth is, he did. He drained the swamp and exposed all the corruption happening (usually by who he installs). Better to be corrupt in public, it's the Trump way!

    2. Re:In other words... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I would have voted for Hillary if she offered anything different. However, she didn't. It was her stand against Bernie. At least with Trump, now somebody's against it... maybe.

    3. Re:In other words... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      He is not against it, he never was. his appointments to all cabinet positions prove that he is as much of a slimeball as hillary was.

      we had only ONE candidate that was not a slimeball, and all the uneducated people were afraid of him.

  13. Re:White House Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Given that most Americans favor the surveillance, including both Republicans and Democrats...

    This is why majority rule has hit the brick wall. It always ends in tyranny...

  14. Obama was for FISA. Trump's just an idiot. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Obama actually supported FISA because .. uh ... Nobel Peace Prize? Trump just says stuff that he thinks sounds in charge at the time and the White House is obviously now as well managed as one of his buildings so I wouldn't trust the kitchen. Trump will sign whatever Paul Ryan puts on his desk. Without reading it of course.

    1. Re:Obama was for FISA. Trump's just an idiot. by Tokolosh · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Welcome to the new boss, same as the old boss.

      --
      Prove anything by multiplying Huge Number times Tiny Number
  15. lazy-ass Congress by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "The announcement could put President Donald Trump on a collision course with Congress, where some Republicans and Democrats have advocated curtailing the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, or FISA, parts of which are due to expire at the end of the year."

    Well, its about time Congress get off its fat lazy ass and do some of the heavy lifting for these issues instead of relying on the largess of the administration to voluntarily curtail its own power or depend on some activist judges who think its their duty to legislate laws from the bench.

  16. Re:White House Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without by interkin3tic · · Score: 1

    I'd point out that our current president is not an example of majority rule, but that's just a technicality, and yes yes yes, HRC would have been no different.

    I'd more seriously point out that majority rule at least seems to take longer to get to tyranny than minority rule.

  17. Re:White House Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without by interkin3tic · · Score: 2

    We're living in bizarre times. We have the best communication technology available in the history of humankind, and yet it's politically foolish to be a political leader rather than an elected follower.

    Frankly, if anyone could have ended our security state, it's Trump. He was only sorta joking when he said he could shoot someone and his voters wouldn't care. He says "we don't need big brother spying on us" and BAM, a good chunk of america decides we don't need security theater. Which makes it all the more frustrating to see what he chooses to do instead.

  18. Re:White House Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without by AmiMoJo · · Score: 0

    It's more worrying with Trump. What are the chances he will ask the NSA to investigate journalists he thinks are creating "fake news"? He thinks Obama is behind leaks from his administration, and has the means to access Democrats' communications.

    --
    const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
    SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
  19. Re:White House Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without by phantomfive · · Score: 1

    Yeah, it seems like it's something he doesn't care about either. He probably thinks, "it's a reasonable way to stop terrorists" and it hasn't caused him any problem personally, so what's the big deal?

    --
    "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
  20. Re:White House Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without by s.petry · · Score: 2

    Given that most Americans favor the surveillance, including both Republicans and Democrats...

    This is why majority rule has hit the brick wall. It always ends in tyranny...

    Which is why we are a Republic, and not a pure Democracy. The founders knew that Democracy always fails, there were plenty of historical examples for them to study.

    --

    -The wise argue that there are few absolutes, the fool argues that there are no probabilities.

  21. After whining about Russian wiretaps? by Qzukk · · Score: 1

    You'd think he'd have SOME reservations about continuing to expand the powers of our three-letter-agencies after they use them to undermine his own cabinet members, but whatever floats his boat, I guess.

    --
    If I have been able to see further than others, it is because I bought a pair of binoculars.
  22. Re:White House Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Umm, Trump has been consistent on government surveillance: he's all for it.

    http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/presidential-races/261673-trump-sides-with-rubio-over-cruz-in-nsa-surveillance

    Trump said his position in favor of the NSA data collection had been the same since before last month's terrorist attacks in Paris, which stoked fears of international terrorism and revived debate over government surveillance measures.

    "I assume when I pick up my telephone people are listening to my conversations anyway, if you want to know the truth," Trump told Hewitt. "It's a pretty sad commentary."

    Trump said Tuesday that he would be "fine" with restoring provisions of the Patriot Act to allow for the bulk data collection, something candidates such as former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush have also called for that was banned with the passage of the USA Freedom Act, which Cruz supported.

    "As far as I'm concerned, that would be fine," Trump said.

  23. Re:White House Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    >What are the chances he will ask the NSA to investigate journalists he thinks are creating "fake news"?

    About as likely as the Obama administration's prosecution of journalists doing their jobs...

    https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/30/opinion/sunday/if-donald-trump-targets-journalists-thank-obama.html?_r=0

    Mr. Trump made his animus toward the news media clear during the presidential campaign, often expressing his disgust with coverage through Twitter or in diatribes at rallies. So if his campaign is any guide, Mr. Trump seems likely to enthusiastically embrace the aggressive crackdown on journalists and whistle-blowers that is an important yet little understood component of Mr. Obama’s presidential legacy.

    uh-oh

  24. No change? Really? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I'd bet anything that he has at least considered asking the NSA to intercept and prevent delivery of all packets containing "false" news of the POTUS in order to protect the security of our country.

  25. The future by AHuxley · · Score: 1

    UK political leaders are pushing for diversity in the security services.
    "Why GCHQ needs to fix its diversity problem" (22 November 2016)
    http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-379...
    The GCHQ will have to become culturally enriched with lots of new staff.
    Questions of security, merit and skill will no longer hold any applicant back from getting a job in or been rapidly promoted within the UK security services.
    Once staff who are loyal to a cult or only their faith advance up in the UK security services the US will have to rethink any and all sharing with the UK.
    If Canada, Australia and NZ keep on sharing US material with the UK questions about the role of Canada, Australia and NZ will have to be considered by the USA. NATO could see the same staffing issues as the UK. Translators, experts hired with few questions in the EU would rise up the EU ranks, reporting on any US material they find.
    The UK/NATO/EU security services will be as useful and trust worthy to the USA as the UK was in the 1940-60's.
    The only way around this politically motivated hiring policy by the UK security services is for the US to look inward and expand the domestic role of the FBI and NSA. Digital collection will be expanded as it is the only method generations of US officials understand.
    Expect ever more internet tracking as the security services in the US have to protect their own gov staff from the UK gov and its lack of security due to changes in UK staffing policy.
    The staff issues can be seen in the UK for the need to collect everything. The UK cannot trust its own staff so it has to collect on the entire UK population by default to try and find any self/radicalization.

    Such hiring issues might not have reached the more secure parts of the US mil/gov but the US gov had relaxed the legal conditions to apply for entry into the US bureaucracy.
    Issues surrounding criminal records, a criminal past, security issues might not always remove an applicant from consideration for working in some enter level role in the US gov.
    People with no past, no papers, just been made US citizens for some reason, might also be be granted access to some US gov work.
    More cult members, people loyal to their own faith and not the USA will attempt to enter and move up in the US gov over the decades.
    Ever more domestic raw material will have to be gathered in the USA for domestic court use as more people trying to infiltrate the US gov and mil are discovered.
    The lack of any background information been considered normal will allow a lot of interesting people to enter the US gov, UK security services.
    The only reaction to that by the US security services will be more digital collection. The methods perfected by the Soviet Union to place human spies in the UK, and US mil/gov over decades is now been attempted by faith groups and cults.
    Unlike Soviet spies the need to meet a Soviet diplomat or easy to track hander is not an issue.
    Their faith or local community is the only contact needed. A full generational support network within the US or UK. Digital methods will not uncover any issues due to human contacts been used.
    The long term role of the FBI, CIA will have to be expanded to track a lot of new gov workers in the US and UK.
    That might take funding, political access away from the now expanded role of the NSA. Expect more leaking as party political operatives talk to the political motivated press. Operatives from one US agency enter another US agency to leak information to the press to ensure political access is reduced or funding removed.

    --
    Domestic spying is now "Benign Information Gathering"
    1. Re:The future by Falconhell · · Score: 1

      I would be more than happy for Australia to cease any involvment with the US, be it millitary or intelligence, because that means our data will be kept private, and our young soldiers wont die being involved in wars of agression forvthe benefit of US corporations.
      Our future is trading with China, not the incresingly decrepit and divided USA.
      American is rapidly becoming aworld wide laughing stock. I really pity those who live outside the flyover states, who cared tarred with the rdneck bigot brush.

    2. Re:The future by AHuxley · · Score: 2

      The last time that split with the US and UK was considered in any detail was near the end of 1945 during a crypto review.
      What the US and UK understood, what codes they had on Japan and Germany in the 1930's-45. What was held back and what would have been vital in the war with Japan.
      The feeling was split. Go alone and try and decode Russia, China, Asia using local experts after 1945. Or sign up with what would be the NSA, CIA and get given all the raw intercepts in real time.
      The cost and risk of going alone into the 1950's or give the US total access to Australia.
      The same charm was used on West German staff after ww2, now German staff.
      Data privacy was given away. The deal was for all Soviet and Asian gov, mil networks ready for translation, raw traffic in real time, decoded.

      --
      Domestic spying is now "Benign Information Gathering"
  26. Bread and circus by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The attitude of the government towards the citizens is the same as in East Germany. The only thing that is different is the abundance of bread and circus to keep people distracted from what is really going on. East Germans looked gloomy because the bread and circus was taken away. Ever lived in a place where the national TV station broadcasted on only one channel and only 2 hours a day, 8PM to 10PM ? Outside that you could turn on the TV only if you enjoyed watching static.

    1. Re:Bread and circus by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sounds wonderful ! Where do I sign up ?

      No TV would improve society 100%

  27. Re:White House Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without by Falconhell · · Score: 1

    Your republic has failed spectacularly, in electing a lying bufoon, frankly, rigging the election so as unrepresentative swill like the electoral college get to overrule the peoples will, is a failure of epic proportion, and a fine example of the US ongoing slide to irrelevance in the modern world.
    Youre just a sad, deluded old man, enjoy the last gasp of the inbred right, it wont last long.

  28. Re:White House Supports Renewal of Spy Law Without by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Which is why we are a Republic, and not a pure Democracy.

    A distinction without a difference. It is still under majority rule, softened a bit by an electoral college to protect you from the dictatorship of the urban conclaves, or in this last case the state of California.