Los Angeles Tests Reflective 'Cool Pavement' On Streets (dailynews.com)
mikeebbbd writes: As reported in the Los Angeles Daily News, during the current heatwave various officials swooped down on streets coated with an experimental light-gray sealer that makes the old asphalt into a "cool street" -- and it works, with average temperature differences between coated streets and adjacent old asphalt around 10F. At a large parking lot, the temperature reduction was over 20F. If the material holds up and continues to meet other criteria, LA plans to use it on more pavement rehab projects, which could eventually make a difference in the heat island effect. The "CoolSeal" coating is apparently proprietary to a company named GuardTop LLC, costs $25-40K/mile, and lasts 5-7 years. At that price, it's might not be used a lot, at least at first; typical slurry seals run $15-30K/mile.
Might be cheaper to plant trees and landscaping in an urban environment. Several tech companies are using rooftop gardens to put the heat to better use.
https://www.wired.com/2015/03/facebook-moves-new-garden-roofed-fantasyland/
No, a black surface just doesn't reflect visible light. You're conflating black objects with warm objects. Warm objects emit infrared.
Concrete is much more expensive than asphalt. It's also harder to install and maintain. While slabs of concrete may last longer, it doesn't do much good if it becomes irregular (kathunk kathunk kathunk .. for 100 miles). It can't be resurfaced as easily (no grinding down the top and pouring 2 inches of additional concrete on top) as asphalt either. It has use cases on grades that are steep, or where heavy travel craters the asphalt in hot areas (stop lights, downhill braking, etc).