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$7.5 Billion Kemper Power Plant Suspends Coal Gasification (arstechnica.com)

romanval writes: A coal gasification plant in Mississippi is iswitching to natural gas after 5 years of delays and $4 billion cost overrun. Megan Geuss writes via Ars Technica: "The Kemper County plant was supposed to be a cutting-edge demonstration of the power of 'clean coal,' and, despite running five years late and more than $4 billion over budget, Kemper was able to start testing its coal gasification operations late last year. The plant used a chemical process to break down lignite coal into synthesis gas, or 'syngas,' which was then fed into a generator. The syngas burns cleaner than pulverized lignite coal does. In addition, emissions were caught by a carbon capture system and delivered to a nearby oil field to help with oil extraction. That, Southern and Mississippi Power said, would reduce the greenhouse emissions of burning lignite by up to 65 percent. But with only 200 days of gasification operations under its belt, Kemper identified more issues with its technology, including design flaws that caused leaks and ash buildup."

73 of 154 comments (clear)

  1. No surprise by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    In 30 years of power plant engineering, this is no surprise to me. Coal gasification has been tried many times but it cannot pay for itself.

    CO2 capture is just as bad. Stop screwing around and get on board with natural gas, nuclear, solar and wind. Dump coal and dump Trump.

    1. Re:No surprise by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      I dump a trump once every few days.

    2. Re:No surprise by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      It can pay for itself, but with subsidies for wind and solar that take money out of taxpayer pockets, it can't compete. I would have liked to have seen this plant succeed since it did take so much money from us.

    3. Re: No surprise by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      This. I'm tired of, for example, paying rich people to buy Teslas and take money from us. If solar and wind were better, they wouldn't need subsidies.

    4. Re:No surprise by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      eh, natural gas has carbon

    5. Re:No surprise by Black+Parrot · · Score: 1

      You mean all those annoying commercials were just hype?

      --
      Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
    6. Re: No surprise by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I'm even more tired of turds like you. You do know coal and gas get a cubic fuckton subsidies and tax breaks?

    7. Re: No surprise by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2

      Because Obama wasn't President enough? Maybe try objectively for once in your life.

      Maybe because both Houses were were controlled by the other side (and seriously obstructionistic to boot)?
      Kinda puts the brakes on what the President can get done...

    8. Re:No surprise by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Eventually coal will be worthless.

      Dig that shit up now. Do something. Sell it. Quick.

    9. Re:No surprise by dbIII · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Coal gasification has been tried many times but it cannot pay for itself.

      I expect they projected for gas prices that didn't happen. The Saudi oil price war has also had an effect on natural gas prices since oil can be substituted for gas in some situations. It's probably ten years back this was planned so they wouldn't see this coming and probably expected some spike in prices to keep on going forever.

      CO2 capture is just as bad.

      Here they seem to be sticking a label of capture on a practice of pumping some carbon dioxide down wells to force a bit more gas up. "Greenwashing" an existing practice that isn't going to trap more than token amounts of carbon dioxide - so not impractical just not doing what they pretend it's going to do.
      All that said it seems a bit strange to turn coal into gas in a place that's sitting near an oilfield where getting gas is pretty well a given - on top of the coal seam gas that's available in the min area as well.

      At least it's nowhere near as insane as the projects to produce gas by setting fire to coal in-situ and use the incomplete combustion products. All it would take for those to get out of control is an unexpected path for air to come in from the surface part way through the burn and you've got an unquenchable fire that could burn for years (like some existing underground fires).

    10. Re:No surprise by Pascoea · · Score: 2

      Coal gasification has been tried many times but it cannot pay for itself.

      There have been successful examples. It just comes from being innovative with your processes and monetizing the "byproducts" of the syngas process. I haven't been there in a couple of years, so I don't know the current situation, but last I had heard there was more money being made on the "byproducts" than there was on the syngas. Dakota Gasification in ND is a decent example.

    11. Re:No surprise by AbrasiveCat · · Score: 1

      In 30 years of power plant engineering, this is no surprise to me. Coal gasification has been tried many times but it cannot pay for itself.

      CO2 capture is just as bad. Stop screwing around and get on board with natural gas, nuclear, solar and wind. Dump coal and dump Trump.

      Don't tell that part about gasification can't pay for itself to Eastman Chemical. They have been running a coal gasifier for years. They turn the CO into chemical products like plastics and others profitable products. The South Africans also seem pretty good at using the Lurgi gasifiers for gasification.

    12. Re: No surprise by tim620 · · Score: 1

      Coal receives a lot of indirect subsidies. Like rail transportation, etc. However the point is mute, because coal can no longer compete. The cost of renewables like wind and solar keep dropping as more are installed and the technology improves. Even if all subsidies were removed, as of this year (2017) wind has become cheaper than coal. Coal is not the way to make "America great again". Continued innovation in renewables are the path of the future. If the USA doubles down on coal over renewables, we will just fall further behind the rest of the world.

    13. Re:No surprise by DanielRavenNest · · Score: 2

      We still need "metallurgical coal" to produce new steel. This is the fairly hard and pure coal that can withstand being in a blast furnace, where it steals oxygen from iron oxide to leave metallic iron. This type of coal is only 5-10% of thermal coal used in power plants. There are a few misc other uses for coal, but power and steelmaking are the big ones.

    14. Re: No surprise by tim620 · · Score: 1

      Yes, the point is mute. Coal, for energy production, is dying. It can no longer compete and it will not be able to compete in the future. So, it doesn't matter if wind (or solor) receive subsidies or not. Like it, or not, renewables are the energy of the future. It may take a few years of natural gas production, but coal is definitely on the way out, as an energy source. .......although it is difficult to argue with someone who's finer points are "STFU". :-)

    15. Re:No surprise by stoatwblr · · Score: 1

      The amount of money spent on wind and solar would give 10-20 times as much available energy if it went into nuclear. I just wish LFTRs would hurry up off the drawing board and back into prototype stage (we already had a U233 MSR reactor 50 years ago, why is it so hard to redo the past?)

    16. Re:No surprise by stoatwblr · · Score: 1

      "Don't tell that part about gasification can't pay for itself to Eastman Chemical. "

      I won't. The point missed is that gasifying coal to burn the products is uneconomic, not using coal as a feedstock for chemical synthesis processes.

      (OIl has huge importance for this too. in future times our descendants are going to ask "What the hell do you mean they BURNED oil for heating?")

  2. Monorail? by Beeftopia · · Score: 3, Funny

    Monorail!

    "A small town with money is like the mule with a spinning wheel. No one knows how he got it and danged if he knows how to use it!"

    1. Re:Monorail? by haruchai · · Score: 1

      Monorail!

      "A small town with money is like the mule with a spinning wheel. No one knows how he got it and danged if he knows how to use it!"

      Only rubes vote for monorails. The smart people know the big money is in giant Ferris wheels

      --
      Pain is merely failure leaving the body
    2. Re:Monorail? by tquasar · · Score: 1

      Conan at his worst.

    3. Re:Monorail? by Beeftopia · · Score: 1

      Regardless, someone got snookered.

      The company may be large and serve a lot of customers, but it's Mississippi, one of the poorest states in the union. Its customers will pay for this while the company pockets the overruns.

    4. Re:Monorail? by CanadianMacFan · · Score: 1

      What does the location have to do with anything? The story is the same everywhere. Company screws up, upper management collects bonuses, and the customers pay for it. The only questions are how are and how many regular employees who were just doing their jobs going to be hurt for the mismanagement of the CxOs.

  3. Re:Say What? by ravenshrike · · Score: 2

    Depending on the power plant connected to the coal gasification facility they can either switch immediately to natural gas or do so after some minor part replacement.

  4. Hmmm... by midifarm · · Score: 1

    "Clean coal..."

    1. Re:Hmmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Understand that most of the delay and cost was due to deliberate sabotage the Obama administration. They basically sat on all coal,permits and sent them back with comments at the end of he review period to,run out funding for the projects. It was blatant sabotage, in the way that only a bureaucracy can slow roll things, and completely legal.

    2. Re:Hmmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Another "Anonymous source", what are you the WP?

    3. Re:Hmmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      No the WP only uses anonymous sources to attack the current President for imagined abuses of power, not to attack the prior President for his actual abuses of power.

    4. Re:Hmmm... by squiggleslash · · Score: 1

      ...or, you know, hear me out here, but maybe "Clean Coal" is a scam, and they kept getting permit applications returned because of the very nature of what they were doing, ie it wasn't as green as they claimed, and as a result it wasn't passing any environmental tests that it needed to.

      Do you think, at the end of the day, Obama just had some rage hate on for black rocks that burn? Or do you think that maybe his administration was upset about black rocks being burnt to cause pollution including a massive contribution to global warming? Because, believe me, if clean coal was a thing, given the cheapness of coal, everyone from Al Gore onwards would be embracing it.

      --
      You are not alone. This is not normal. None of this is normal.
  5. Rate Base by Ailicec · · Score: 1

    It will be interesting to see how much of the ~$7.5 billion is allowed in the rate base. Southern presumably eats the rest. Mississippi power only has about 186,000 customers, so there are not many to spread out the costs. By switching it to a conventional gas plant, it will work, but it will be the most expensive one ever.

    1. Re:Rate Base by nierd · · Score: 1

      Well some googling showed that they already paid for it - as Mississippi law allowed them to bill for plants under construction up until recently. Then there is the SEC investigation and a whistleblower lawsuit - I'm going to go with when you smell shit....

  6. Re:Say What? by iggymanz · · Score: 1

    that plant already burns nat gas, so the answer is they really don't do anything other than stop building extraneous bits

  7. What a waste. by Gravis+Zero · · Score: 2

    How many solar panels and batteries do you think they could have gotten for $4 billion?

    Just sayin'.

    --
    Anons need not reply. Questions end with a question mark.
    1. Re:What a waste. by iggymanz · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I cannot comprehend how what I see could cost a significant fraction of $1 billion, let alone several. For $300M, you can R&D, build, launch and operate a rover on fucking Mars! What the hell? I think this whole thing was just a huge scam and the players made their bucks off us.

    2. Re:What a waste. by DontBeAMoran · · Score: 1

      And that money could have been kept in the USA, providing jobs for americans.

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    3. Re:What a waste. by DontBeAMoran · · Score: 1

      Damn, slashdot is too stupid to fix links.

      http://www.powerfilmsolar.com/

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      #DeleteFacebook
    4. Re:What a waste. by triffid_98 · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Given the massive glut of natural gas in the USA right now, neither coal or nuclear make much sense. So long as we have active fracking operations we're going to have a massive surplus of natural gas and using anything else is just plain silly. Running our cars on the stuff wouldn't be a bad idea either, it's not some radical new thing, that's basic technology that we've had since the 1930s.

      Yes there's wind and solar, but those account for only a tiny fraction of our energy supply and only when it's windy and/or sunny outside.

      Fortunately this plant was designed to run on natural gas, so all they had to do was feed it that vs the whole gasification of coal step.

      If we didn't have cheap natural gas that step might make sense, just like if you didn't have any oil it might make sense to turn it into a liquid fuel to run your tanks and planes with if you were somewhere in Germany around say...1942. Once upon a time fracking didn't make sense either, why do that when you can pump sweet crude out of the ground for pennies? Coal may not make sense right now but it's a plentiful fuel source and it's day may come again.

    5. Re:What a waste. by Pascoea · · Score: 1

      You can't comprehend how building something that can turn what is essentially dirt into pure synthetic natural gas could cost even a billion dollars? I'd be surprised if you had any experience in the industry.

      A coal to gas plant is essentially a refinery. Refineries aren't cheap, a quick google search would seem to indicate $5-15B is a good ball park for construction cost, depending on size. Most refineries (or gassification plants) have on-board heat and power generation designed to meet the needs of the refinery, this one has a 580MW combined cycle unit. (The IGCC of that size cost about $2.6B alone to build (source)

      Is there someone making a pile of money off this? Absolutely. Is a $7b cost wildly out of sync with reality? Not really. Your rover example isn't a fair comparison. The cost of material and equipment alone for a project of this magnitude would cost more than $300M.

    6. Re:What a waste. by Pascoea · · Score: 2

      Have to correct my comment above... I used a Coal Based IGCC as my power plant example, costing 2.6B. A Gas Fired CC would be 1/2 to 1/4 of the 2.6B I suggested. My stance remains unchanged, $7B still isn't out-of-line with the cost to build a refinery and power plant.

    7. Re:What a waste. by iggymanz · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Sorry pal,you're talking to an engineer and I do have industry experience as scheduler. The problem of coal to nat gas (or hydrocarbon fuel for that matter) was solved in the 19th century. The plant under discussion *already* is a nat gas power plant. Lignite is not dirt, it carbon + hydrocarbons + water + ash. The volatile content is so high it's easy to convert to nat gas or other hydrocarbon and that has been done for decades. By removing the water, it becomes equivalent to high grade coal.

      Claiming it's essentially a refinery and then googling oil refinery costs is stupid and irrelevant.

    8. Re:What a waste. by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 2

      The rover(s) was build by engineers and scientists, who wanted to do a mission, probably change the world.
      That plant was build by greedy bastards, probably subsidized, never meant to make a profit.

      In WWII Germany had lots of coal to gas and coal to gasoline plants, worked just fine. We simply had not enough capacity to solve the fuel problems with them.

      --
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    9. Re:What a waste. by Pascoea · · Score: 2

      Hey, not trying to attack you personally. But I do have first hand experience on the subject, I was a Project Manager for a contractor that did maintenance and capital projects at a coal to liquids plant, Lignite burning power plants, and a refinery. Granted, the gas plant I worked at used the Lurgi process and this one uses a different one, I can't imagine they are THAT different in the overall scope of equipment requirements. The processes obviously are not 1:1 between a refinery and a gassification plant, but the complexity and resemblance of the processes is striking. I hold that the comparison on construction cost would be reasonable. Looking at the size of the one in question it would definitely fall on the small side for refineries.

      As far as the Lignite itself, you are right is is not actually dirt, and I didn't intend to imply that it is literally dirt. But go ask anybody that has dealt with it and they will tell you it's like trying to burn dirt. The water content alone makes it a giant pain in the ass, and efficiently drying it to anywhere near the moisture content of high grade coal is no trivial task.

      Claiming it's essentially a refinery and then googling oil refinery costs is stupid and irrelevant.

      Comparing it to the cost of a Mars rover is any more relevant?

    10. Re:What a waste. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Yes it consumes some natural gas, in the process producing nearly 10 times the amount of electricity as that amount of gas would produce if ran through a high efficiency gas turbine plant. At the same time it produces about 70% of the power of the Kemper plant at 1/3 the construction cost alone not getting into maintenance, fuel, etc. I'd say the Ivanpah plant wins hands down.

    11. Re:What a waste. by stoatwblr · · Score: 1

      How many PWR nuke plants could you get for $4billion (even if the answer is "one", you'll get far more actual GWhs out of it than spending $4billion on solar/wind will get you)

    12. Re:What a waste. by stoatwblr · · Score: 1

      "Given the massive glut of natural gas in the USA right now, neither coal or nuclear make much sense."

      Until the gas runs out.

      The problem with THAT is that you need the nuke plants ready _when_ gas prices start climbing rapidly, not several years afterwards.

    13. Re:What a waste. by Gravis+Zero · · Score: 1

      The answer is zero. Those nuke plants are at minimum a $20 billion investment.

      --
      Anons need not reply. Questions end with a question mark.
    14. Re:What a waste. by triffid_98 · · Score: 1

      Until the gas runs out.

      Agreed.

      The thing is though, even after there's no frackable oil you're still going to have several years of natural gas in addition to all of the gas you've previously harvested and put into holding tanks. That's how oil wells work.

      I mean, assuming you're not living in Southern California where they created by far the worst methane leak in US history (97 tons). I will grant you that it takes quite some time to bring a nuke plant online and a number of the ones we have now are in danger of being decommissioned. The same thing is going on in Europe and it's just ignorant. When these things work properly they are the cleanest energy source that we have by far (*), they're just not currently very cost effective so I get why we're steering away from them. (*) Sorry Solar/Wind/etc. Nuclear reactors produce massive amounts of energy and other than a few spent rods their primary waste product is...wait for it...water vapor. They'll even produce it when it's calm and/or dark outside.

      Hydro is pretty clean too, but it's kind of the same thing as Nuclear, there are environmental side-effects. They're just called silting and destroyed river ecosystems vs which remote place in the desert are we going to hide the spent rods.

  8. Re:Say What? by DontBeAMoran · · Score: 4, Funny

    I find posts made by BeauHD a little difficult to process. Is there any way to get posts made by Beau480P?

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    #DeleteFacebook
  9. Re: They could have powered the planet by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    If they spent 4 billion on moving people out of Mississippi, they could have eliminated poverty in the state.

  10. Re:Say What? by romanval · · Score: 1

    In this case they've been doing their "minor part replacement" is 5 years late and $4 billion over budget. They could have built a natural gas only plant with the same capacity for $700 million.

  11. Re:Say What? by tonique · · Score: 1

    No, you need Beau4K to get a clearer picture. You may need to update your hardware, though.

  12. Re:Jobs and the Electoral college by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    It didn't help that Hilary's only contribution was to offer them slightly better terms on student loans for a college they couldn't afford to attend and a degree they couldn't get when they were 20.

    A slim hope to be sure, but one a few of the most enterprising could have leveraged into a better life. But even assuming it didn't work for any of these people, the lot of them will end up on some sort of welfare no matter who was elected. At least Hililary and her voters would have supported keeping that at humane levels. Now they are beyond screwed. If long shot loans and training programs aren't good enough, how is total of opportunity and the loss of healthcare better?

  13. Re:Jobs and the Electoral college by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 2

    American lignite is mined in Mississippi, Louisiana, North Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. None of those are swing states.

  14. Burned by FoaK scaling by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The obvious problem was their gasification gear was only tested at a small scale before committing to building all (as in multiple) the full size gear in one go "to reduce costs" (AKA the parallel dev that also burned the F-35 joint strike fighter) which means all the problems of running at full scale weren't worked out ahead of time on full sized prototype equipment. If they had built one set of full size prototype gear to inform the manufacturing of the rest of the gasification equipment, and a less aggressive schedule (BUT MY PROFIT!!!!!11lol), it probably would have worked out.

  15. Re:Say What? by TechyImmigrant · · Score: 1

    ADA requirements mandate that you to use BaeuBraille you selfish clot.

    --
    I should use this sig to advertise my book ISBN-13 : 978-1501515132.
  16. clean coal by 4im · · Score: 1

    "Clean coal" sounds about as appropriate a term as "clean diesel", i.e. all wrong, a lie.

    1. Re:clean coal by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      "Clean coal" sounds about as appropriate a term as "clean diesel", i.e. all wrong, a lie.

      Clean diesel is relatively viable. You can make biodiesel to keep the fuel carbon-neutral, you can use an oxidizing trap filter to basically eliminate HCs, and you can inject urea which reduces NOx levels to basically zero. But coal is always going to be releasing sequestered carbon at best. We already have too much carbon in the atmosphere, so saying "but we can fix it" isn't a viable answer — we're not fixing our releases fast enough now, let alone cutting into the problem.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    2. Re:clean coal by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      There are new (actually decades old) technologies where diesel is mixed with close to 30% water to form an emulsion. Very effective in ships, especially river ships, that improves efficiency and nearly completely prevents the forming of soot or micro dust particles.
      For some reason the industry is waiting for a law to make that technology mandatory instead of jumping on the 30% fuel saving aspect.

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    3. Re:clean coal by stoatwblr · · Score: 2

      Doesn't solve the atmospheric CO2 problem though.

      Apart from global warming (which many claim is a scam, I don't), there's a bigger uglier far scarier monster in the closet that comes along with global CO2 atmospheric spikes: Anoxic oceanic events. Look them up.

      There's also a fairly angry elephant in the room even if we dodge the Anoxia bullet: As a result of the increased CO2 levels, Ocean acidity has increased 30% in the last 200 years (Ph is a log scale) and is far enough acid to already be interfering with formation of corals and shells. This is "double-plus ungood" given that it means that everything from zooplankton upwards is affected and may result in a food chain collapse.

      There's also the slight problem of the Leptav Sea methane emissions (look them up) and the possiblity of 1-5GT of methane clathrates bubbling out if they're not stabilised. This is a Storegga-scale event with associated tsunamis and that much methane released in that short a period would have an effect not unlike what happened when the Storegga slides happened at the start of this interglacial ~9500 years ago. (That slight kick in temperatures, ocean levels and CO levels 9-10k years ago? THAT was Storegga and its aftermath)

  17. How many homes could have converted? by RhettLivingston · · Score: 5, Interesting

    There are less that 1.2 million homes in Mississippi. The $7.5B cost of this facility could have put solar power in about 30% of them.

    1. Re:How many homes could have converted? by necro81 · · Score: 1

      how many coal miners do you know that have swimming pools and yachts? Especially when most coal country is faaaar from major bodies of water. I know plenty of coal miners that have bankrupt pensions and unfunded medical liabilities, but that's hardly the same thing.

    2. Re:How many homes could have converted? by Huge_UID · · Score: 2

      How else will the coal mine owners pay for all their swimming pools and yachts?

      sheesh

    3. Re:How many homes could have converted? by RhettLivingston · · Score: 1

      Well, Kemper is planned to be on the order of 582 MW. I was figuring $25K per home * 300K homes = $7.5B. As a mass purchase, $25K should be enough to install 7KW systems with a Powerwall to allow those homes to be almost entirely off grid in a southern state like Mississippi. Note that I'm only comparing against the construction costs. I've included no operating costs for the plant.

      Basically, I think it compares pretty favorably.

      I'm not saying we don't need new plants, but the plants we build from now on need to be small and flexible. We need to be able to quickly turn them off when the solar is fully producing so that we don't have the problem of needing to give the solar away because the plant is too hard to shut down that California has already been experiencing. When building plants for the next 30 years, the impact of solar HAS to be considered. This plant doesn't begin to do that.

  18. Re:Say What? by Joce640k · · Score: 1, Offtopic

    Don't worry. Trump is going over there personally to straighten things out.

    --
    No sig today...
  19. Re:Say What? by kelemvor4 · · Score: 1

    How does a coal gasification plant switch to natural gas? It doesn't. You close the coal gasification plant and the power generation station switches from coal gas to natural gas.

    Who the fuck lets these illiterate morons publish shit?

    So what? Presumably, the one plant had both types of equipment. You must have been desperate to go on a rant today. I've been there.

  20. Factorio taught us how by Stonesand · · Score: 1

    Am I the only one that came in here looking for a Factorio blueprint?

  21. Makes Me Ill by Doc+Right · · Score: 1

    So, for the cost of this failed, ridiculous, experiment, we could have nearly completed development of Liquid Fluoride Thorium Reactor technology and done away with hydrocarbon plants altogether. Puke.

  22. Re:Say What? by lactose99 · · Score: 1

    408p should be enough for anybody

    --
    Fully licensed blockchain psychiatrist
  23. Re:Jobs and the Electoral college by eheldreth · · Score: 1

    I actually think the economic and moral divides that drove the last election are surprisingly comparable to the societal changes which led to the civil war. America had prospered greatly on the backs of slave labor and the largest percentage of those profits where amassed in the north. The industrial revolution allowed northern states to use that wealth to divest themselves of the morally repugnant tradition of slavery. This freed people from needing slavery to maintain their way of life leading to the abolitionist movements and eventually to the civil war. Outlawing slavery in the north was low hanging fruit with little cost to society at large.

    The southern states which had a far smaller share of those profits couldn't invest in that same Industrial infrastructure and so couldn't move past slavery without sacrificing their quality of life and destroying the southern economy.

    In much the same way profits from coal, oil, and gas have been concentrated mainly in the north eastern cities while the Appalachian states with those resources have no real profit to show from a century of extraction (both of the resources and the profits). They have been unable to leverage the extreme profits from those resources to modernizes and have been left in a place where loosing coal jobs will likely destroy what economy they have left.

    This creates a divide where wealthy areas are able to see how damaging coal can be and move beyond it with little cost to themselves and are trying to push coal states in the same direction without any thought to the human cost in those states.

    If we learn any lessons from the civil war and the last election it's that we must as a country provide the resources those states need to move past their (literal) dependence on coal or we will face farther division and possibly in the end civil war.

    --
    The perversity of the Universe tends towards a maximum. - O'Toole's Corollary
  24. In this day and age?! by fiannaFailMan · · Score: 1

    Coal gasification is still a thing? Are you serious?! We used to have that in Northern Ireland, every town had its own gasworks with gas piped into homes. It was shut down in the 1980s by Thatcher because it was so uneconomical.

    --
    Drill baby drill - on Mars
  25. He who knows not, and knows not that he knows not by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

    Yes, the point is mute

    Are you sure it's not Bewick's or Whooper?

    --
    Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  26. Re:He who knows not, and knows not that he knows n by tim620 · · Score: 1

    Sigh....."moot"......long damn day, before a weekend.....sigh....

  27. Re: Jobs and the Electoral college by eheldreth · · Score: 1

    The irony being this is the exact attitude I'm talking about. You live in an area where the money made on the backs of these states has allowed your state to move forward. Now you are free judge the very people those states are responsible for holding back for continuing the only opportunity available to them. Enjoy your superiority.

    --
    The perversity of the Universe tends towards a maximum. - O'Toole's Corollary
  28. Fuel Issues by sas4ge · · Score: 1

    Sounds like the furnaces are designed too small for the quality of fuel - leaks and ash buildup were issues at a lot of the original large plants of the 1960's and early '70's. Once they started using a better quality of fuel a lot of those issues disappeared