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Uber Drivers Gang Up To Cause Surge Pricing, Research Says (telegraph.co.uk)

Researchers at the University of Warwick found Uber drivers team up in gangs to force higher prices before they pick up passengers. How do they perform such a feat? They trick the app into thinking their is a shortage of cars in order to raise surge prices. The Telegraph reports: According to the study. drivers manipulate Uber's algorithm by logging out of the app at the same time, making it think that there is a shortage of cars. Uber raises its fare prices when there is a high demand for vehicles and a short supply of drivers available. Fares are known to increase during peak times such as rush hour, during public events and late at night. Surge pricing can boost the cost of rides to multiple times the normal rate. The study said drivers have been coordinating forced surge pricing, after interviews with drivers in London and New York, and research on online forums such as Uberpeople.net. In a post on the website for drivers, seen by the researchers, one person said: "Guys, stay logged off until surge. Less supply high demand = surge." The researchers said the collusion reflects driver dissatisfaction with Uber's policies regarding them, and exposes the "ethically questionable" nature of its algorithm. It is not clear how much impact the trick has had on prices. Uber denied that the practice is widespread.

26 of 164 comments (clear)

  1. Isn't deregulation wonderful? by rsilvergun · · Score: 5, Insightful

    This is what you get. One hell of a race to the bottom. Seriously, we didn't regulate cabbies because we were poo-pooing all over their fun. It was crap like this.

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    1. Re:Isn't deregulation wonderful? by known_coward_69 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Are you upset that people who you thing are dumb figured out a way to get money out of you?

    2. Re:Isn't deregulation wonderful? by DigiShaman · · Score: 2

      It is wonderful. Thanks to deregulation, we're getting news like this. Once word gets out (and it will), the public will react accordingly and the market will go back to normalization.

      --
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    3. Re:Isn't deregulation wonderful? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The irony (?) is that /. readership is up in arms when IT jobs in the West are threatened. THEN apparently we need to start taking our laws, traditions, and workforce more seriously. When it's anybody else's profession, then *shrug* that's progress, right? I get my rides and stuff cheaper!

    4. Re:Isn't deregulation wonderful? by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 2

      It is not clear that this has actually resulted in higher prices. Schemes like this are hard to coordinate as the number of participants goes up, and you only need a few defectors to trigger a collapse. More savvy riders are also a problem since they can just wait 5 or 10 minutes for the surge to pass, or switch to Lyft instead.

    5. Re: Isn't deregulation wonderful? by jenningsthecat · · Score: 5, Insightful

      A way that is completely dishonest should be treated as fraud.

      I fail to see how it's dishonest. When they're logged off they are unavailable by definition; there's nothing in the rules that says they can't coordinate their unavailability, and the whole point of being an Uber driver is being able to work only when you want to do so. They're simply using the system to their benefit - and if you're upset with that, you need to direct your anger at people way, way farther up the socio-economic ladder, as well as a very long way back in history. And hey - the drivers didn't actually create this specific system which allows one party to take advantage of another - that would be Uber's 'accomplishment'.

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    6. Re: Isn't deregulation wonderful? by known_coward_69 · · Score: 2

      you have a choice to walk

    7. Re:Isn't deregulation wonderful? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Seriously, as an ex-musician I get a kick out of this discrepancy everytime people justify ripping/streaming/downloading music for free. I'm no fan of the MPAA either but music creators deserve to be compensated for their work. The argument raised is always that artists are rich enough or artists make their money performing and don't deserve to be paid for a recording.

      I know someone will come along and vote this down and have a rebuttal that will get high votes but just remember this when it comes to your livelihood that is threatened. Because, it will happen to us all...

    8. Re: Isn't deregulation wonderful? by serviscope_minor · · Score: 5, Insightful

      there's nothing in the rules that says they can't coordinate their unavailability,

      If independent, competing operators collude to raise prices, it's price fixing.

      --
      SJW n. One who posts facts.
    9. Re: Isn't deregulation wonderful? by Kjella · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Agreed, this is totally cool. But it's a loophole and if it's a real concern I expect Uber could easily fix this with a little tweak of their algorithm. For example if they see a suspicious dive in the number of active accounts they could start issuing quarantine periods before you can get rides and/or surge prices again or add some kind of "full shift" bonus for accounts that remain active. Unless it's just surge drivers intentionally waiting it out until there's a surge, but even so if you see a large coordinated action who all come online the moment there's a surge they can just play it evil by not surging to see if some will defect to at least make some money and instead take the customer service hit. Or create some kind of decreasing "if there is a surge in the next hour you get X% bonus" to make people break ranks and get their bonus but that eventually with enough joining there won't be a surge. Lots of ways for Uber to pull a Darth Vader on this one, all they have to do is make it attractive to defect and it'll fall apart.

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    10. Re: Isn't deregulation wonderful? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

      But the operators (drivers) aren't setting the prices. Uber is.

    11. Re: Isn't deregulation wonderful? by Retric · · Score: 2

      Nope, price fixing is maintaining a specific level, much like how light bulbs where downgraded to have a vastly shorter lifespan. This is simply reducing supply much like De Beers or OPEC which may qualify as collusion, but not price fixing as the market still defines the final price.

  2. "Uber denied that the practice is widespread." by killfixx · · Score: 2

    Not for long.

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  3. Live by the algorithm. by 0100010001010011 · · Score: 2

    Get gamed by the algorithm.

  4. Merely of an extension of what Uber already did by evolutionary · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Well no surprise there. When you have systems that just increase prices blindly when there appears to be less supply, of course the drivers are going to take advantage. The drivers as well as the owners are all playing the same game. And of course, we all lose. The idea of automatically increasing a price due to perceived lack is easy to abuse and fake. The real problem is there is no government agency holding Uber subject to any regulations or lawas that would control such of abuse. This is clearly price/market fixing, but the government agencies always seems to wait until someone does the obvious, look for a platform to exploit for elections, and then they do something very minor (or nothing in reality because the corrupt business greases the wheel). This is what info collected from those apps installed was used for ladies and gentlemen. Apps aren't needed for this service (web portals are fine) but they get sweet info for the business to exploit. The Drivers just made it more obvious and spelled out for us what we would already know if we were paying attention. It's no less wrong for the drivers than it is for Uber. At least Taxi drivers aren't at liberty to do this sort of rate hiking, at least not in North America to my knowledge, but then again, they are regulated. Uber is not. I was never a fan, not because I'm loyal to taxi drivers, but because the history of these services, the mandatory use of an app for this services, as well as the personality of the owner, all pointed to behavior of this nature. We either need more competition to keep Uber honest or people need to boycott Uber until they use a flat model pricing model. Easier to compare against the competition.

    --
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  5. Given how poorly Uber pays its drivers by H3lldr0p · · Score: 3, Interesting

    how is this a surprise to anyone?

    It's not only about deregulation but about fair pay. They wouldn't have to do this if the company paid well. If they paid well, then the drivers would think twice about it. As it is, you make people desperate enough, make their lives miserable enough then morals and ideals become secondary to survival.

  6. Once Supply Goes Up.... by omnichad · · Score: 4, Interesting

    So when all the drivers log back in, the supply goes way up. Surge pricing should drop like a rock very quickly if the system is designed correctly. And if you're coordinating all that effort for only 1-2 drivers to get the boost (and likely not you), that ends this behavior almost immediately.

    1. Re:Once Supply Goes Up.... by quantaman · · Score: 2

      So when all the drivers log back in, the supply goes way up. Surge pricing should drop like a rock very quickly if the system is designed correctly. And if you're coordinating all that effort for only 1-2 drivers to get the boost (and likely not you), that ends this behavior almost immediately.

      Not really, Uber is going to do a lot of smoothing on surge pricing, if users see prices rapidly fluctuating they'll get annoyed and potentially switch to competitors, they also might start delaying their hail in expectation of a rapid price drop, and some of those delayed sales will be lost.

      That means the drivers will always have a short window where they're back and full supply but the price hasn't dropped from surge levels yet.

      There's another interesting aspect, if surge pricing were perfectly efficient and the drivers rational this wouldn't happen. When the surge prices kicked in the sales would drop and the drivers would actually make less money. This suggests one of two things.
      1) Uber is deliberately under-pricing their service, meaning Uber (and drivers) can make more in the short term by raising prices.
      2) The drivers are fooling themselves are are losing money with this tactic.

      --
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  7. Just let drivers set their own rates by virtig01 · · Score: 2

    This is what happens when producers (the drivers) can't freely set their own prices.

    If the drivers are really independent contractors (as Uber claims they are) then they should be free to set their own rates. Staying off the road and waiting for surge pricing is just a clumsy way to get around a missing feature in the app. The result is not really great for anyone.... even the drivers, since they potentially will end up with less total profit in exchange for higher marginal profit.

  8. Re:Why... by Pascoea · · Score: 4, Informative

    Not sure if trolling, but... Surge pricing comes into effect when there is a shortage of cars. In order to reduce demand and attempt to increase supply, the price is increased. Taxi companies do not have the option to raise prices, and since they are heavily regulated there is a finite number of cabs you can have on the road. Therefore they do not have any mechanism to attempt to limit demand.

    I was at a large concert last weekend, when it let out an Uber ride shot to $100+ where earlier it had cost $15 to get there. That same cab ride would have cost somewhere around $20-$25 in both directions, on the way to the concert it would have been OK, but it would have likely taken me 2 hours to get in one on the way home. If I was willing to pay the surge price on Uber I could have been in a car and on the way in 10 minutes.

    So my choices were: 1) Be cheap, but not get home for 2 or 3 hours. 2) Pay the exorberant prices and be home in under an hour. or 3) The one I took, jump on the light rail until I was far enough outside of the surge area to grab an Uber home. $5 for the light rail, $25 for the uber. Took a little over an hour to get home.

  9. This is market capture by Solandri · · Score: 2

    Uber has total control the market (of people using the Uber app). They implemented a stupid pricing algorithm which is easy to game by drivers logging off. Rider wait time would be a better measure, since a driver deliberately withholding rides to make riders wait more would mean the driver gives fewer rides per day thus making less money.

    A deregulated market would be a craigslist-type site where people wanting rides post requests. Anybody wanting to give them a ride places a bid (if they're first), or places a lower bid than the previous bid. The rider selects a winning bid after they're tired of waiting for more bids to lower the price. Lots of drivers bidding each rider within x minutes of their request means the price goes down, few drivers bidding on each rider means price goes up. Riders willing to wait for a ride pay less, riders in a hurry pay more.

    In a deregulated market, the price adjusts naturally in response to real fluctuations in supply and demand. In Uber's market, their algorithm sets the price, apparently based on an easily spoofed measure of supply.

    1. Re:This is market capture by swillden · · Score: 2

      Uber has total control the market (of people using the Uber app). They implemented a stupid pricing algorithm which is easy to game by drivers logging off.

      But only as long as most of them do it. If the ad-hoc union gets enough defectors (call them "scabs"), then the surge price will never hit and the scabs will be making money while the good union boys sit logged out.

      Also, if the pricing algorithm were to become more real-time, it would be impossible because the surge would disappear in an instant. I'd like to see an Uber competitor that does an actual real-time auction, letting drivers set their own pay rates (in terms of cost per mile, per minute of expected waiting, meter drop, etc.) and then showing riders not a single price but a set of prices based on their origin, destination and the locations and pricing set by each driver. The app should also show time-to-pickup and driver rating for each, and the rider could pick what they want, based on price, time and rating.

      Drivers could be apprised of average current prices, and set alarms to be notified when the prices rise above a certain point.

      Just for fun, we could also let riders set their price. If the app returns a list of prices that are all too high, they could enter what they want to pay, and all idle drivers in the area could be notified, to see if someone wants to take it, even though it doesn't meet their predefined price.

      Enabling a more efficient market would eliminate this sort of price gaming.

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  10. Lookee! by puddingebola · · Score: 2, Funny

    Lookee! It's a market, a free market for transportation! Lookee, pricing is based on supply and demand! Lookee, inside actors are manipulating the market to their advantage! It's like Wall Street in microcosm.

    1. Re:Lookee! by Registered+Coward+v2 · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Lookee! It's a market, a free market for transportation! Lookee, pricing is based on supply and demand! Lookee, inside actors are manipulating the market to their advantage! It's like Wall Street in microcosm.

      Yup. People learn how to use the system to their advantage. One problem with this sytem is Google. If you set a destination and get directions under hire it will show Lyft and Uber fares so if ine has surge and not the other guess who will get the business? Fare transparency overcomes collusion in this case. Unless most drivers drive for both and do this in both cases it is not a good long term strategy. In addition, Uber and Lyft could monitor the drivers and penalize collusive behavior. For example any driver who dropped off and came back when surge pricing started could simply not be given ride opportunities until the surge ended. Thus drivers who didn't game the system would get the benefits while those who do lose money from their collusion.

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  11. Re:Why... by AvitarX · · Score: 2

    Because they show up when you ask.

    Cabs don't really work that way around where I am (or really anywhere I've been with under 250,000 people).

    My uber usage meshes with people doing second jobs, cabs can't really cover high demand without taking a bath on capital buying extra cars.

    It has nothing to-do with money, and little to do with hatred of talking on the phone, it has to do with availability and quality of service.

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  12. I didn't say they were dumb by rsilvergun · · Score: 2

    and 'them' here isn't the drivers, they're victims of circumstance being taken advantage of by their employer. I'm not entirely pleased with the way Uber does business. Such things were banned decades ago when minimum wage law went through. And before you can bring it up we didn't put minimum wage in so teenagers could buy swank cars, we did it because people weren't given enough to live. 20 years of weak wage growth has got us back to that again meanwhile companies like Uber dodge the few protections employees have left.

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