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Electric Cars Are Not the Answer To Air Pollution, Says Top UK Adviser (theguardian.com)

Cars must be driven out of cities to tackle the UK's air pollution crisis, not just replaced with electric vehicles, according to the UK government's top adviser. From a report: Prof Frank Kelly said that while electric vehicles emit no exhaust fumes, they still produce large amounts of tiny pollution particles from brake and tyre dust, for which the government already accepts there is no safe limit. Toxic air causes 40,000 early deaths a year in the UK, and the environment secretary, Michael Gove, recently announced that the sale of new diesel and petrol cars will be banned from 2040, with only electric vehicles available after that. But faced with rising anger from some motorists, the plan made the use of charges to deter dirty diesel cars from polluted areas a measure of last resort only. Kelly's intervention heightens the government's dilemma between protecting public health and avoiding politically difficult charges or bans on urban motorists. "The government's plan does not go nearly far enough," said Kelly, professor of environmental health at King's College London and chair of the Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollutants, official expert advisers to the government. "Our cities need fewer cars, not just cleaner cars."

27 of 296 comments (clear)

  1. Not THE answer by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    This is no single answer. Not EVs, Not solar and wind, not nuclear, no single answer. They can all help tremendously if approached properly. When one considers socioeconomic challenges, we need a lot more answers than we currently have in our toolbox, and we can't afford to eliminate any of the ones we have.

    1. Re:Not THE answer by ctilsie242 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      At least with EVs, we can figure out what to use for electricity. If there is a new fusion development, it can be used and immediately change the CO2 profile across large areas. Similar if thorium reactors, or even Gen IV reactors become the norm. With IC engines, we have to replace them individually.

      The trick is that we can keep improving. There is no single magic bullet, but if we replace a coal base plant with solar + energy storage, it helps things a little bit. Similar with adding wind capacity, instead of having to add a biomass plant.

    2. Re: Not THE answer by freak0fnature · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The article isn't even complaining about CO2 or global warming... it's talking about real pollution.

    3. Re: Not THE answer by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Your standards for "evidence" is the problem. CO2 levels are at record highs, average global temperature is at record highs, and the vast majority of scientists have validated this fact in decades of peer reviewed research. If there was a solid scientific case that CO2 was not a real problem, there is no shortage of financial rewards awaiting that research. The problem is not a lack of evidence. It's denial based on ideological rejection of proposed mitigations. Rather than trying to wish it away, come up with an alternative mitigation.

    4. Re: Not THE answer by dugancent · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I'll be happy to listen to what you have to say

      No you won't. There is ample amount of evidence and has been for years and what could get posted here makes no difference. You choose to ignore it then start arguments that will go nowhere.

      Troll elsewhere.

      --
      SJWs are the new boogeyman. -Me
    5. Re:Not THE answer by Grishnakh · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The other thing with EVs (and hybrids) is that they don't generate as much brake dust as regular cars, because they use regenerative braking much of the time.

      In addition, the thing about brake dust sounds ridiculous to me. Modern brake pads don't even have asbestos in them, and the total volume is rather small (go look at some yourself, I'm sure the guy in Autozone will be happy to show you some). Those pads last a minimum of 30k miles, probably at least 50k up to 100k. Considering how much air your engine is ingesting and expelling during that much time, that volume of brake dust is minuscule. Same with tires. The problem with cars is the exhaust emissions; brake dust probably isn't healthy to breathe in in large quantities, but that's a far far lower concern than engine emissions, so much lower it's really laughable to consider it while we still have hundreds of millions of cars burning gas and diesel and spewing out noxious emissions from that.

      We can certainly use better public transit, and I've been harping on SkyTran for years now but everyone tells me I'm crazy and that we need to stick with cars. Honestly, at this point I'm just hoping for a planet-killer asteroid to put us all out of our misery because we're clearly too stupid as a species to live.

    6. Re: Not THE answer by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Assuming 4 or 5 brake pads over 7 years (new brake pad every 20k to 40k miles) causes serious pollution? I really doubt it... but if true just get a device to capture brake pad dust and dispose it. No need to eliminate cars.

    7. Re: Not THE answer by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The article isn't even complaining about CO2 or global warming... it's talking about real pollution.

      TFA is written by someone that doesn't even understand how electric vehicles work. EVs emit very little dust from brake pads, because they use regenerative braking (running the engine backwards to recharge the battery) and use the brake pads for only the last 10% of deceleration. Since energy is proportional to the square of the velocity, this last 10% of velocity is only 1% of the energy. Brake pads on EVs have so little wear that they last the life of the car.

      Tire/Tyre wear is a concern because EVs have much higher starting torque. Tesla owner often report accelerated tire wear. But this is something that could be mostly solved in software, by controlling the torque. This would likely be unpopular.

      Anyway, I am sceptical about whether "tire dust" is really a significant problem compared to tailpipe emissions. The sounds like silly alarmism to me, and makes me wonder if someone with an ulterior agenda is pushing this FUD.

    8. Re: Not THE answer by Joce640k · · Score: 2

      Won't electric cars use mostly regenerative braking in cities, making this point moot?

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    9. Re: Not THE answer by The+Grim+Reefer · · Score: 2

      Pigs and chickens can be raised on scraps and don't require special facilities, so they can be raised with virtually zero impact.

      Have you ever been around a pig farm? If you have, "virtually zero impact" is not something that you would claim.

    10. Re: Not THE answer by AlanObject · · Score: 3, Informative

      Won't electric cars use mostly regenerative braking in cities, making this point moot?

      I have been driving a hybrid mini-SUV since 2008 and have 120,000 miles on it. I replaced the disc pads once and they were only 20% worn. (I wouldn't have replaced them at all but I was getting a package service deal.)

      I would expect an electric car to have about the same brake wear.

    11. Re:Not THE answer by CWCheese · · Score: 2

      The answer is: return to the stone age

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  2. Ok. Get rid of cars... by Jhon · · Score: 4, Funny

    I'll just get a little red wagon and have my dogs and cats pull me.

    Oh wait...

  3. Regenerative braking by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    So the fight of gas vs electric is trying to find new ground. Interesting. Some points
    a) regenerative braking does not put wear on brake shoes
    b) smart cars can drive better to reduce tire wear

    1. Re:Regenerative braking by Grishnakh · · Score: 2

      There is also the fact that an EV uses zero energy (well, except for the climate control system, radio, and electronics) when stopped. An IC vehicle still burns fuel. This in itself is a major fuel saver.

      Maybe 5%, probably less, in typical driving cycles. But many gas cars these days have "start-stop" technology, where they actually stop the engine when the car is stopped at a light. Also, hybrids like the Prius don't run the engine when stopped.

      I think it'd be really interesting to see a study that examines Priuses, Volts, and other hybrids, and compares them to typical cars and SUVs in both actual fuel usage and also actual emissions (not on a stupid dynomometer, but on the actual streets), but *solely* in an urban environment with 100% local driving and fairly short trips. A lot of cars get great highway fuel economy, but that's after the engine's warmed up, and with very little stopping for traffic lights. Drive them around the city with short trips and the fuel economy plummets.

    2. Re: Regenerative braking by BostonPilot · · Score: 2

      I'll second this. The brake pads on my Fit EV never showed significant wear.

      This probably depends a bit on the aggressiveness of the regen system (some cars have more than others) and what mode the driver uses - some drivers prefer the feeling of an automatic transmission, i.e. coasting rather than braking when you take your foot off the accelerator.

      With the Fit EV, you typically would only use the friction brakes at 1 or 2 mph, which I doubt generates significant brake dust.

      My Subaru STi, on the other hand, generates huge amounts of brake dust... I can tell each time I wash the car :-(

  4. Apparently has never heard of regenerative braking by gweihir · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Sure, tire-dust is still there, but braking is done regeneratively in any sane electrical car design and conventional, particle-generating brakes are only there for emergencies.

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  5. Easy answer by DontBeAMoran · · Score: 5, Funny

    Remove all the air, that way it cannot become polluted.

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  6. Re:Apparently has never heard of regenerative brak by Aighearach · · Score: 2

    Well, actually, it is usually not more than 50% of braking. Varies by speed, but for 2wd cars it stays pretty low because the car is designed to brake in a balanced way to maximize control of the vehicle.

    In the future, of course, it might be that all cars have a small auxiliary generator for braking. If they're actually worried about tire dust, that would happen, but of course they're actually just saying stupid shit like that as a way to try to justify continuing to use IC engines.

  7. Re:Apparently has never heard of regenerative brak by Mike+Van+Pelt · · Score: 2

    This. Data point: My Prius (Not pure electric, but uses regenerative braking) is still on its first set of brake pads at 130,000 miles or so.

  8. Perfect is the enemy of good by sjbe · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Prof Frank Kelly said that while electric vehicles emit no exhaust fumes, they still produce large amounts of tiny pollution particles from brake and tyre dust, for which the government already accepts there is no safe limit.

    Sigh. Another example of perfect being the enemy of good. No solution is going to be without some drawbacks. Electric cars are CLEARLY an improvement over internal combustion engines if for no other reason than the fact that they can be powered without fossil fuels. No they don't solve everything but that's not an excuse to not move forward. We're going to be using cars for the foreseeable future so we may as well make whatever improvements we can to them. EVs and hybrids are an improvement. Let's take that step and then take the next one when we are able.

    "Our cities need fewer cars, not just cleaner cars."

    That's fine but probably not going to happen without some VERY substantial investments in public transit.

    1. Re:Perfect is the enemy of good by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 3

      Perfect is not the enemy of good. Perfect is the greatest equalizer. You are not perfect, you have thrown an empty candy wrapper in the park. Jeffery Dahmer is not perfect, for killing and eating a few people. So you both are basically the same imperfect people.

      --
      sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
  9. Re:Ok. Get rid of cars... by cayenne8 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    No, take the bus, streetcar, & train.

    Hm....nah, that just isn't going to work, just for groceries alone.

    Not sure how with a train/bus/streetcar I'm going to manage to get my supplies just for this weekend:

    1. 2 large bags of ice and case or two of beer for the ice chest.

    2. I whole brisket, about 12lbs for the smoker.

    3. A load of logs for the smoker, I lately buy bags from Academy Sports, hickory and mesquite blend...VERY heavy.

    And that is just for the fun weekend stuff....that doesn't include my grocery shopping I do weekly...and hit different stores to get the best deals on things.

    And on top of that, since it isn't door-to-door, it sure will be fun trying to get all that stuff on multiple trips during rain storms during summer with high heat and humidity.

    And if sunday, I want to take some of my long guns out to the rifle range about 40 min away, I"m guessing public transportation wouldn't be too terribly thrilled about my being on there with 2-3 rifles and pistols and ammo.

    The 2 examples here are NOT outliers...I do stuff like this regularly....or tow boats to go fishing, etc.

    Public transport for routine US living, outside of the few extremely urban closed packed cities is just not practical for regular active families.

    --
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  10. Re:Apparently has never heard of regenerative brak by minogully · · Score: 2

    The science says optimally a 4-wheel braking system can only recover 40% of the energy anyway so you'll always need a mechanical system that will wear.

    The efficiency of the regenerative braking is irrelevant for whether or not you'll need mechanical systems. The need comes from the possibility that you may need to brake faster than the regenerative braking system is capable of slowing the car down.

  11. Re:Apparently has never heard of regenerative brak by whoever57 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    "can" and "does" are two different things.

    Take the example of the Nissan Leaf. It can recover approximately 80% of the energy under regenerative braking, but, it has a hard limit of 30kW of regenerative braking. If you brake sufficiently hard that it puts out more than 30kW, then the car is going to use the conventional brakes as well as regeneration.

    --
    The real "Libtards" are the Libertarians!
  12. Re: Ok. Get rid of cars... by The+Grim+Reefer · · Score: 2

    According to earlier /. report, dogs and cats are causing climate change.

    Not my dogs. They are rather large and do eat a lot. But I offset that by feeding them humans. That way no pollution is created by farming meat for them, and they help decrease the population as well as removing a source of energy use and CO2 production. I guess it may be a drag on the economy though. I suppose I could offset that by importing people from other countries, but then it would increase the CO2 production to get them here.

  13. Back Clouds of Brake Dust by randallman · · Score: 2

    I was just behind a truck creating large clouds of black smoke. The cloud just sat there between buildings with all nearby pedestrians forced to inhale. Now I know this was probably brake dust and tire particles.