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Over Half of New Cancer Drugs 'Show No Benefits' For Survival Or Wellbeing (theguardian.com)

New research published in the British Medical Journal finds that most cancer drugs that have recently arrived on the market have come with little evidence that they boost the survival or wellbeing of patients. The Guardian reports: Forty-eight cancer drugs were approved by the European Medicines Agency between 2009 and 2013 for use as treatments in 68 different situations. But the study, which looked at the clinical trials associated with the drugs, reveals that at the time the therapies became available there was no conclusive evidence that they improved survival in almost two-thirds of the situations for which they were approved. In only 10% of the uses did the drugs improve quality of life. Overall 57% of uses showed no benefits for either survival or quality of life. The team then looked to see whether the picture improved over time. The team found that after a follow-up period of between three to eight years, 49% of approved uses were linked to no clear sign of improvement in survival or quality of life. Where survival benefits were shown, the team said these were clinically meaningless in almost half of the cases.

13 of 123 comments (clear)

  1. Looking at it wrong by AHuxley · · Score: 4, Informative

    Shows great wellbeing to the financial survival of big pharma.

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    1. Re: Looking at it wrong by arth1 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      How many lives were saved or improved by 50% of cancer treatments having a positive effect?

      Probably not as many as you might think. Prolonging suffering is considered a "positive effect" from a drug company's perspective, and medicating someone to the point that they're not aware of much is technically effective against pain.
      It's hard to objectively measure quality of life - quantity is much easier to measure.

  2. Left out third reason. by gurps_npc · · Score: 2

    Three reasons to use drugs:

    1) Quality of life improves vs existing treatment.
    2) Improved life expectancy improves vs. existing treatment.
    3) Saves money improves vs. existing treatment without decreasing life expectancy. Many drugs use the non-existence of competition to charge ridiculous amounts of money. Sometimes new drugs are made just to compete with them.

    They answered 2 of the 3 possible reasons. Need to prove the third was not valid.

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    1. Re:Left out third reason. by spun · · Score: 2

      I didn't think this was comparing these treatments to all other treatments, rather, it was comparing them to no treatment whatsoever.

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    2. Re:Left out third reason. by gurps_npc · · Score: 4, Informative

      No cancer patient gets just one drug. A typical regime is surgery, radiation, plus a cocktail of multiple drugs.

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    3. Re:Left out third reason. by gurps_npc · · Score: 2

      That's my point. The study did not talk about the money at all, it just mentioned the quality and the expectancy. So if the study did not use the accepted standard practice of estimating cost, than having 'no net difference' could be a HUGE benefit if it cost even 10% less.

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    4. Re:Left out third reason. by Kjella · · Score: 2

      No cancer patient gets just one drug. A typical regime is surgery, radiation, plus a cocktail of multiple drugs.

      Aggressive treatment with intent to cure, maybe. But someone in my family has myelomatosis (bone marrow cancer), no surgery, no radiation, not sure about the cocktail right after the initial discovery but at least the last three years it's a single drug (against the cancer anyway) and it's palliative. He's over 80 now so basically they're going to suppress that as long as they can, if it mutates or spreads to somewhere else they'll treat that but it's "good enough" relative to his remaining life expectancy which would be 7-8 years for his age/sex.

      It's very different if you got it young, then you'd get a bone marrow transplant and whatnot because the treatment he's on wouldn't last you 20 years or 50 years. And not only because of the life expectancy which plays into the years rescued vs. money spent but they're in much better condition for extreme treatments and also I think the relative unfairness and social trauma of losing a child's parents or worse yet losing children. Senior citizens, well death is always sad and we work to put that off for as long as possible too but you can hardly be totally surprised when one of the them pass.

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  3. Re:How can this be? by drinkypoo · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Doesn't Europe have the equivilent of our FDA? There are reasons the drug approval process is so arduous here, and this is one of them.

    No, no it really isn't. You can bring out a derivative of an old drug without having to prove its efficacy. All you have to prove is that it doesn't kill significantly more people than the prior form, and bob's your uncle. This is due to legislation bought by the Big Pharma cartel, as a benefit to entrenched players. Bringing a new drug to market is very difficult. But most drugs brought to market each year are derivatives.

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  4. Get approved by any of 28 countries by raymorris · · Score: 4, Informative

    There are similarities and differences. Before the EU was formed, each of the 28 countries already had their own approval process. After the formation of the EU, which is principally an economic and trade alliance, a drug approved in ANY EU country could be sold in ALL EU countries. Therefore a pharmaceutical company could choose which of the 28 countries would likely approve the drug most easily / quickly / cheaply. Commonly, a pharmaceutical company will apply in two or three countries at once and see which one approves it first.

    Some drugs are now required to go through one of several centralized EU approval processes instead - and there are four for them to choose from. Being run by the EU, the heritage of these agencies is based on promoting commerce between EU countries - the EU is not focused on consumer protection and safety.

    In the US, a maker has to get approval from the FDA. They don't get to choose different agencies to seek approval from.
    The DA started as a consumer protection agency, trying to make sure drugs were safe. Later, they got mandate to make sure they are effective. The FDA doesn't have the heritage of coming from an organization trying to promote commerce, like the EU does.

    Therefore historically it's been easier and cheaper to get drugs approved in Europe than in the US. Europeans got cheaper medicines faster, Americans got better, more expensive medicine. (The difficult and expensive FDA process isn't a total waste).

    In the last few years, there has been pressure on both sides of the Atlantic to be more like the other guys. Americans want cheaper drugs, sooner. Europeans want want better, safer drugs. I guess the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence. So each process has become more like the other and the difference isn't as extreme as it once was.

    1. Re:Get approved by any of 28 countries by Attila+Dimedici · · Score: 2

      Actually, the statistics suggest exactly what the poster you responded to said. In 2007 (the last year I saw statistics for), the 5 year prognosis for someone in the U.S. diagnosed for any serious disease was in the top 5 for any country in the world (depending on the disease), and number 1 for many of them. No other country came close to that.

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  5. Re:what about pot? by king+neckbeard · · Score: 2

    Obviously, you've never had the good shit.

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  6. studies are funny things by cascadingstylesheet · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Studies are funny things.

    For example, everyone loves the meta studies that "show that antidepressants don't work", but psychiatrists in clinical practice know that they work, for most people with clinical depression.

    But the different classes of antidepressants work (or don't) for different people, so you frequently have to try one, see if it works, and then if it does not, try another, until you find the class that does work for this patient.

    And, many studies are rather poor at qualifying who actually has true, persistent clinical depression.

    So the "startling" conclusion is that a population that sorta has clinical depression but many of them really don't, is helped rather measurably little by trying one antidepressant.

    I don't know if something similar is going on with this cancer drug story, but it could be.

  7. Re:what about pot? by ChrisMaple · · Score: 2

    That's what prunes are for.

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