Frequency Deviations In Continental Europe Are Causing Electric Clocks To Run Behind By 5 Minutes (entsoe.eu)
elgatozorbas shares a short note from the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E): Apparently the Continental European Power System has been off since mid-January, causing some clocks to run behind by 5 minutes. How common are these mains-frequency synchronized clocks anyway, and why are they built that way? "The power deviations have led to a slight drop in the electric frequency," reports ENTSO-E. "This in turn has also affected those electric clocks that are steered by the frequency of the power system and not by a quartz crystal... All actions are taken by the transmission system operators (TSOs) of Continental Europe and by ENTSO-E to resolve the situation."
The reason they did that is because an AC synchronous motor was much cheaper than a quartz oscillator and solenoid like the new ones have.
-- You are in a maze of little, twisty passages, all different... --
They use a synchroscope to get the generator as close as possible to the grid before switching it in to keep stress low. Once it's switched in, it's effectively locked to the grid frequency and phase.
In "the old days", farmers would use two incandescent bulbs in series connected across the hot lines of 2 generators. They would adjust the speed and phase until the lights went out, then throw a switch to connect them.