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Some Rivers Are So Drug-Polluted, Their Eels Get High on Cocaine (nationalgeographic.com)

Joshua Rapp Learn, reporting for National Geographic: Critically endangered eels hyped up on cocaine could have trouble making a 3,700-mile trip to mate and reproduce -- new research warns. And while societies have long grappled with ways to cope with the use of illicit drugs, less understood are the downstream effects these drugs might have on other species after they enter the aquatic environment through wastewater. So, in the name of research, scientists pushed cocaine on European eels in labs for 50 days in a row, in an effort to monitor the effects of the experience on the fish.

European eels have complex life patterns, spending 15 to 20 years in fresh or brackish water in European waterways before crossing the Atlantic Ocean to spawn in the Sargasso Sea just east of the Caribbean and the U.S. Eastern Seaboard. While the eels are also farmed for food, the wild population is considered critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature due to dams and other waterway changes that block their migrations, overfishing, and different types of water pollution. The eels are vulnerable to trace concentrations of cocaine, particularly in their early lives, according to the researchers of a study published in Science of the Total Environment.

85 comments

  1. Cocaine by registrations_suck · · Score: 4, Funny

    And the eels were all heard singing...

    If you want to hang out, you've gotta take her out, cocaine
    If you want to get down, get down on the ground, cocaine
    She don't lie, she don't lie, she don't lie,
    Cocaine
    If you got that lose, you want to kick them blues, cocaine
    When your day is done, and you want to ride on cocaine
    She don't lie, she don't lie, she don't lie,
    Cocaine
    If your day is gone, and you want to ride on, cocaine
    Don't forget this fact, you can't get it back, cocaine
    She don't lie, she don't lie, she don't lie,
    Cocaine
    She don't lie, she don't lie, she don't lie,
    Cocaine

    1. Re:Cocaine by penandpaper · · Score: 1

      Rick James says cocaine is a helluva drug.

    2. Re:Cocaine by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Where is this river?

      Asking for a friend...

    3. Re:Cocaine by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They are happy eels !

  2. Mick Jagger is fine... by sinij · · Score: 3, Funny

    Look, Mick Jagger is fine, so are other eels.

    1. Re:Mick Jagger is fine... by BLToday · · Score: 1

      You mean Keith Richards. How is he still alive!?

    2. Re:Mick Jagger is fine... by cayenne8 · · Score: 1

      You mean Keith Richards. How is he still alive!?

      Genes baby...genes.

      Aside from the amazing music he's given the world, I sincerely hope he donates his body to science so they can study his DNA and everything else...to see how he just still keeps on processing oxygen.

      Although he'll likely still outlive all of us here on /. , I hope future generations can learn from whatever keeps him going....and going....and going.....

      --
      Light travels faster than sound. This is why some people appear bright until you hear them speak.........
    3. Re: Mick Jagger is fine... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If you ask Keith he will give you the answer.

      Don't mainline drugs. That's how all his friends died. He learned from their mistakes.

    4. Re: Mick Jagger is fine... by Ocker3 · · Score: 1

      Softly does it

    5. Re:Mick Jagger is fine... by Local+ID10T · · Score: 1

      You mean Keith Richards. How is he still alive!?

      Cocaine!

      --
      "You want to know how to help your kids? Leave them the fuck alone." -George Carlin
  3. "Could" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    >scientists pushed cocaine on European eels in labs for 50 days in a row
    Okay... they tested cocaine on eels in a lab setting... how does that concentration compare to cocaine in rivers? Article doesn't have any numbers for comparison.

    1. Re:"Could" by Muros · · Score: 1

      The abstract of the study linked in the National Geographic article says 20ng per litre, and that this is a level found in some rivers.

    2. Re:"Could" by cayenne8 · · Score: 1

      The abstract of the study linked in the National Geographic article says 20ng per litre, and that this is a level found in some rivers.

      Isn't cocaine still really, really expensive?

      If so, then WTF is wasting it letting it go down the sink and into the waste water supply?

      --
      Light travels faster than sound. This is why some people appear bright until you hear them speak.........
    3. Re: "Could" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I think dealers flush it when they get raided. That's the only thing I can think of.

        Cops burst in, dealer flushed coke. No arrest.

    4. Re: "Could" by Zorpheus · · Score: 1

      I guess it is excreted with the urine, and this is how it ends up in rivers. Sewage treatment plants probably don't remove that.

    5. Re: "Could" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Still sounds high. 20ng/l is 20kg per cubic kilometer. That would mean a large number of tons of cocaine floating about in british waterways at any moment in time if all rivers had that concentration.

    6. Re: "Could" by Ocker3 · · Score: 1

      Same happens with hormone-based contraceptives and psychoactive therapeutic drugs.

    7. Re: "Could" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I thought that only works on TV.

      In reality, the cops shut off your water before the raid happens. They also employ plumbers to rip apart your pipes and look for anything that's inside. Then they stack charges, because you attempted to interfere with a police investigation and destroy evidence.

    8. Re: "Could" by Highdude702 · · Score: 1

      No, they don't. Take it from experience. They don't come close to the house until its time to kick the door down, also if they did that it would be a dead give away and would have more chance of a shoot out. I don't know where you got your information from... But I have been in houses that got raided. Also how would this work in apartments where 30+ units get shut off at once, you don't think this would be noticed? Raids use surprise as a safety mechanism.

    9. Re: "Could" by Highdude702 · · Score: 1

      Sounds like you could have a hell of a business just distilling the water. Wonder what the easiest way to extract it is. I was thinking the same thing at that level, 2000 liters of water is 20 grams of cocaine, if I'm not mistaken on my math.. Thats about $800 depending on your level of connection.

  4. Illicit drugs? by shaitand · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Are we really suggesting that the random list of substances we've banned are going to have some sort of magical property vs all the other substances we pass on in our wastewater? This particular species may be in some way impacted by this particular substance but given that there are dozens of commonly prescribed medications that are objectively more dangerous to living things than the list we've banned because they cause "euphoria" I fail to see the point of this particular research.

    1. Re:Illicit drugs? by 110010001000 · · Score: 2

      I'm pretty sure these "scientists" just really wanted to use their grant money to buy cocaine.

    2. Re:Illicit drugs? by bobbied · · Score: 2

      I'm pretty sure these "scientists" just really wanted to use their grant money to buy cocaine.

      I think they just blew it on blow too...

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    3. Re:Illicit drugs? by shaitand · · Score: 2

      For that matter Cocaine isn't even an innately illicit or banned substance. Last I heard it is still used on a frequent basis in certain areas of medical practice.

    4. Re:Illicit drugs? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Now that they are killing animals and not just people, the war on drugs in back on!

    5. Re:Illicit drugs? by fafalone · · Score: 3

      Frequently would be a bit of an overstatement; it's used in a small number of surgeries, usually endoscopic sinus procedures.

    6. Re:Illicit drugs? by fafalone · · Score: 2

      Er forgot to add, surgical procedures are *all* it's used for... you can't get a prescription for cocaine for any condition. Unlike methamphetamine, which is given by prescription, even to children, as a last-line ADHD treatment if regular amphetamines and things like methylphenidate (Ritalin) don't work.

    7. Re:Illicit drugs? by GonzoPhysicist · · Score: 2

      I'd be more curious of the effects of something like caffeine which I'm sure has become ubiquitous in the waters around developed areas.

      --
      horror vacui
    8. Re:Illicit drugs? by AvitarX · · Score: 1

      Rx drugs in the water supply has already been studied. It was all the buzz a couple years ago, now they're looking into the impact of illegal drugs too, as it's not necessarily intuitive enough make it to the water supply to matter.

      --
      Wow, sent an e-mail as suggested when clicking on "use classic" banner, and got a fast response that addressed my msg
    9. Re:Illicit drugs? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I've also read that cocaine makes an amazingly effective anesthetic for eye surgery but the Dr's get fucked by the jerk off DEA on getting permission to use it for that.

  5. Obligitory Doctor Rockso by TheDarkener · · Score: 1

    "Guguguguguguh-yeeeaaaaaaaaaahhhhhhhhhh!! I'm Dr. Rockso! The rock 'n roll clown! I do COCAINE!!!"

    --
    It is pitch black. You are likely to be eaten by a grue.
    1. Re: Obligitory Doctor Rockso by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Tokie your phone is ringing.

    2. Re:Obligitory Doctor Rockso by sabbede · · Score: 1

      I woke up with a clown's hand in my pocket.

  6. Everyone knows by Oswald+McWeany · · Score: 2

    Everyone knows that Eels prefer Crystal Meth to Cocaine.

    --
    "That's the way to do it" - Punch
    1. Re:Everyone knows by bobbied · · Score: 5, Funny

      Everyone knows that Eels prefer Crystal Meth to Cocaine.

      Funny, every time I see an eel it's on ice.. I think you are right.

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
  7. A real problem by 110010001000 · · Score: 1

    This is a real problem: localized pollution. While people scream and cry about "climate change", their water and air are being polluted by local sources. This has an immediate effect on the entire ecosystems. In addition - when you destroy and drain marshlands you will immediately have flooding in surrounding areas. You don't need to wait for climate change for this to happen. People talk about Manhattan getting flooded regularly because of sea level rise caused by climate change. This always amuses me, because the reason Manhattan gets flooded is because you destroyed all the wetlands that used to surround the area. You can't carbon tax local pollution though, so there is no incentive to fix this.

    1. Re: A real problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I just wanna know, who in the fuck is dumping perfectly good cocaine into the river?! WTF man, the world has gone insane!

    2. Re: A real problem by Luckyo · · Score: 1

      I'm guessing they're actually doing the same thing that is usually done in popular science when talking about "cocaine in rivers". They're talking about benzoylecgonine, which is the metabolic end product of cocaine in human metabolism.

    3. Re: A real problem by Notabadguy · · Score: 3, Funny

      I'm guessing they're actually doing the same thing that is usually done in popular science when talking about "cocaine in rivers". They're talking about benzoylecgonine, which is the metabolic end product of cocaine in human metabolism.

      So you're saying that the researchers didn't give cocaine to the eels; rather, they snorted all the cocaine, then pissed into an aquarium full of eels?

    4. Re: A real problem by Luckyo · · Score: 1

      Or they actually used cocaine on eels to get a great abstract that sounds sensational, but makes their study utterly pointless for real life.

      Or eels in question actually have a metabolic reaction to the aforementioned end product of human metabolizing cocaine.

    5. Re: A real problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      From the abstract

      "The skeletal muscle of silver eels exposed to 20ngL1 of cocaine for 50days were compared to control, vehicle control and two post-exposure recovery groups (3 and 10days after interruption of cocaine)"

      Further down the abstract

      "Cocaine-exposed eels appeared hyperactive but they showed the same general health status as the other groups. In contrast, their skeletal muscle showed evidence of serious injury, including muscle breakdown and swelling, similar to that typical of rhabdomyolysis. These changes were still present 10days after the interruption of cocaine exposure. In fact, with the exception of the expression levels of the main muscle proteins, which remained unchanged, all the other parameters examined showed alterations that persisted for at least 10days after the interruption of cocaine exposure. This study shows that even low environmental concentrations of cocaine cause severe damage to the morphology and physiology of the skeletal muscle of the silver eel, confirming the harmful impact of cocaine in the environment that potentially affects the survival of this species."

      tldr: 20 ng/L exposure to cocaine for 50 days damages muscles of eels.

    6. Re: A real problem by Luckyo · · Score: 1

      So the first scenario is true. Thanks for doing the legwork on the abstract.

  8. Are the Eels complaining? by bobbied · · Score: 1

    I think not.. Just keep swimming, swimming, swimming....

    If it's a problem, stop letting dealers and users flush their stash during arrest proceedings by always breaching though the bathroom walls.

    (sarc: off)

    --
    "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    1. Re:Are the Eels complaining? by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Just let the coke heads know it's being excreted unmetabolized and they will drink their own pee.

      Tweaks in jail fight to drink the pee of recently arrested tweakers.

      Don't even start on psychedelic guru pee, fucking hippies.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    2. Re:Are the Eels complaining? by PPH · · Score: 1

      My hovercraft is full of eels.

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
    3. Re:Are the Eels complaining? by bobbied · · Score: 1

      My hovercraft is full of eels.

      I thought hovercraft didn't have wh eels...

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    4. Re:Are the Eels complaining? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      heh, I used to know a girl that was into water sports. piss play. She loved it when I pissed in her face. She swallowed the stuff. I was doing a lot of cocaine at the time (as was she).

    5. Re:Are the Eels complaining? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Drop your panties, Sir William, I cannot wait 'til lunchtime.

  9. Ridin that wave... by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 1

    High on Cocaine...

    HT: Jerry Garcia

    --
    Browsing at +1 - no ACs, I ignore their posts. So refreshing!
    1. Re: Ridin that wave... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Train*

  10. Are you sure it's the eels that need help? by Wrath0fb0b · · Score: 1

    So, in the name of research, scientists pushed cocaine on European eels in labs for 50 days in a row, in an effort to monitor the effects of the experience on the fish.

    Yeah, that's totally a sensical thing to do -- definitely no research assistants cut into the stash at all. Nope.

    European eels have complex life patterns, spending 15 to 20 years in fresh or brackish water in European waterways before crossing the Atlantic Ocean to spawn in the Sargasso Sea just east of the Caribbean and the U.S. Eastern Seaboard.

    Let's see, I'm going to design a creature that lives in the inland waters of one continent, then swims a quarter way around the bloody world to bonk. This is WTF even by WTF Evolution standards.

    Go home evolution, you're drunk. [ But hey, want some of this lab grade cocaine? ]

    1. Re:Are you sure it's the eels that need help? by hipp5 · · Score: 1

      Yeah, that's totally a sensical thing to do -- definitely no research assistants cut into the stash at all. Nope.

      I'm sure you said it in jest, but in case not: the bio labs at my undergrad university had some ongoing experiments involving cocaine and I talked to some of the researchers about it. There was sooo much bureaucracy and procedure they had follow with the "stash". Basically every fleck of the stuff had to be accounted for at all times.

    2. Re:Are you sure it's the eels that need help? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'll account for it. I was doing an experiment to see what would happen if I took some cocaine put in on a spoon with some baking soda and heated it up a little bit to see what would happen...

  11. cool by slashdice · · Score: 1

    hopefully, now that society is accepting medical and recreational marijuana, cocaine is next.

    Just like marijuana ("marihuana") was demonized for it's association with Mexicans, cocaine was demonized for it's association with blacks. (Specifically, the fear that black men would snort a line of cocaine and then rape your wife or daughter).

    Meanwhile, bored housewives, business executives, etc had been using low doses of cocaine for years without problems. To this day, many slashdot readers, tech workers, doctors, business men, etc self-medicate with a line or two of coke. The biggest danger isn't the cocaine, it's whatever shit it's been cut with.

    So, stop pretending cocaine makes black people rape white women. It's time to legalize recreational cocaine.

    --
    Copyright (c) 1990 - 2014 Dice. All rights reserved. Use of this comment is subject to certain Terms and Conditions.
    1. Re:cool by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      It's time to legalize it, but that's because the alternatives (untested analogs) are worse and impossible to control.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    2. Re:cool by bobbied · · Score: 1

      Yea, I'm sure the eels in the rivers would just love that.... Let's just flush the stuff more often. What could go wrong?

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    3. Re:cool by slashdice · · Score: 1

      Q: Why would you flush perfectly good drugs down the toilet? A: Because the fuzz is kicking in your door!

      Drugs belong in our bodies, not in our toilets. Legalize cocaine. For the environment.

      --
      Copyright (c) 1990 - 2014 Dice. All rights reserved. Use of this comment is subject to certain Terms and Conditions.
    4. Re:cool by Luckyo · · Score: 1

      We already had that stage when it was legal. Wikipedia page for cocaine has amazing ads from late 1800s and early 1900s for cocaine.

      It was utterly devastating for communities, because unlike marijuana, cocaine is actually extremely addictive for overwhelming majority of people and directly overrides one of our primary motivational systems.

    5. Re: cool by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Same problem that heroin has. For some people it's extremely addictive.

    6. Re: cool by Luckyo · · Score: 1

      It is. That's why heroin was used in the past to literally bring China to its knees.

    7. Re: cool by dwye · · Score: 1

      That was opium, far less addictive than morphine, let alone heroin, that you are thinking of.

      BTW, back to the topic, cocaine is legal for medical uses; it used to be the anesthetic of choice for eye surgery. Legalizing it for "headaches" or similar minor ills (let alone recreational uses) will bring back all the problems that were noted in 1890s to 1900s.

    8. Re: cool by Luckyo · · Score: 1

      You didn't read the argument. Also, opium in purities available at the time is far less addictive than modern cocaine.

      Finally, opium is also legal for medical uses. Morphine for example is a common pain relief of last resort.

    9. Re: cool by dwye · · Score: 1

      And you didn't read, either.

      The wars that supposedly brought China to its knees were called the *Opium* Wars, partially because heroin hadn't been invented, yet (and probably not morphine, but I'd have to look up too much).

      Cocaine IS legal in certain uses, such as eye surgery, just not for general uses, let alone recreational use.

    10. Re:cool by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Q: Why would you flush perfectly good drugs down the toilet? A: Because the fuzz is kicking in your door!

      Drugs belong in our bodies, not in our toilets. Legalize cocaine. For the environment.

      *sigh* No. These are drugs people used and excreted. The article mentions this:

      Data show a great presence of illicit drugs and their metabolites in surface waters worldwide

      Emphasis mine.

    11. Re: cool by Luckyo · · Score: 1

      Both your arguments are wrong in the context of this discussion, on the merits you're presenting them. Read my previous post and its points, instead of just reposting flawed arguments that already have been debunked.

  12. For Eels by Zorro · · Score: 1

    Let The Good Times Roll......Eel Guitar Solo.........

  13. Sounds like a movie title to me... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Cocaine Fueled Eels ON A PLANE

    Starring Samuel L. Motherfucking Jackson.

  14. Yes, because we're stupid like that by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    It'd be much easier in the long term to deal with those substances if we hadn't declared them illegal, so we could instead regulate their production (and distribution, sales, etc.) and demand the producers don't dump their waste on the eels. That magical property vs. all the other substances is precisely and accurately that we've declared them illegal and as a result the wastes of their production don't get passed through wastewater treatment or otherwise get handled with care for the wildlife, like these eels.

    But it's much easier in the short term to jump around, point fingers, and shout, than to do anything so quaint as sensible and effective.

  15. the chemtrails nobody is talking about by js290 · · Score: 1

    polluted waters... Fertilizer & pesticide run off @RestorationAgD http://bit.ly/1nCBv9S

    --
    "Tempers are wearing thin. Let's just hope some robot doesn't kill everybody." --Bender
  16. That explains it by Tablizer · · Score: 1

    I thought our daily catch looked a bit too upbeat.

  17. What could possibly go wrong? by darth_borehd · · Score: 1

    Tell me that giving cocaine to a bunch swimming fangs doesn't sound like a B monster movie.

  18. cool: knock-on effects. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You'll note that the legal status of cocaine will have little to do with it ending up in wastewater and hence eels. This research just demonstrates the unforeseen consequences of human behavior, and one more reason to NOT do drugs.

  19. It's Always the 'Eels! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    We already knew that 'eels got high on cocaine...

  20. That explains it ! by balbeir · · Score: 1

    I was wondering why my hovercraft was full of eels

    1. Re:That explains it ! by sabbede · · Score: 1

      SHH! That's not an appropriate thing to say in a tobacco shop!

    2. Re:That explains it ! by Vegemite_Sandwich · · Score: 1

      When a girl makes you feel Like an electric eel (that's a Moray)

    3. Re:That explains it ! by TeknoHog · · Score: 1

      I've had it with these motherfucking eels on this motherfucking hovercraft!

      --
      Escher was the first MC and Giger invented the HR department.
  21. Seems wrong for many reasons by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    * Illegal cocaine is expensive. We couldn't afford to pollute a major river with it if we wanted to.

    Unless eels are sensitive to extremely small trace amounts that nobody else would notice. But that brings us to another problem:

    * Cocaine comes from the coca plant. It occurs naturally, and die off along the Amazon. If the small amounts of illegal cocaine actually pollutes the Thames, then the Amazon must be saturated in cocaine. Or don't they have eels in south America?

  22. brackish water by AndyKron · · Score: 1

    Reads like a classic click bait title.

  23. Need to quantify non-illicit use by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    There plenty of pharmaceuticals used by dentists and doctors which are based on the same active ingredient as the street drug cocaine. Any town with a hospital and poor sewage processing is likely contributing to this problem as much as illicit use. It simply makes for more sensational headlines when you blame illicit users as the sole source of the problem.

  24. Where are they going to encounter cocaine? by sabbede · · Score: 1

    Is the Sargasso full of cocaine? If not, why the concern about young eels coming into contact with it? Plus, that's a chunk of ocean, not a river, so I'm further confused about how these young eels could be encountering cocaine infused river water.

  25. There's only two things in the Sargasso by sabbede · · Score: 1

    Sargassum and ghost pirates that aren't really ghosts and aren't even very good pirates. Everyone knows that.

  26. This of course begs the question.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    should we be harvesting the eels to take our damned cocaine back?