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Panasonic Completing 3 New Cell Production Lines At Tesla's Gigafactory (arstechnica.com)

An anonymous reader quotes a report from Ars Technica: In a Tuesday interview with Bloomberg, the head of Panasonic's Automotive Division said that the company was on track to complete an additional three battery-cell production lines at Tesla's Nevada Gigafactory before the end of this year. That puts the expansion ahead of schedule for completion. Panasonic is a joint owner of the Gigafactory. The company provides the "2170" battery cells that go into a Model 3 battery pack. Tesla packages those cells to complete the pack. In the interview, Panasonic automotive executive Yoshio Ito told Bloomberg that "the bottleneck for Model 3 production has been our batteries." Ito added, "they just want us to make as many as possible."

In short, more battery cells rolling off more lines at the Gigafactory are good for Model 3 production only if the manufacturing process gets smoother. There's evidence that this is happening, as the company was able to sell more than 28,000 Model 3s in the second quarter of 2018, albeit at the slight expense of Model S and Model X production. The three new Panasonic lines will bring the number of cell-producing lines up to 13, Bloomberg wrote. Ito told the news service that Tesla is currently using all of its Gigafactory capacity to produce vehicle batteries, despite initially planning to reserve 30 percent of its capacity to build stationary storage batteries like Powerwalls and Powerpacks. That has played out in long-delayed Powerwall installations.

15 of 68 comments (clear)

  1. The difference. by Gravis+Zero · · Score: 4, Informative

    Most everything (for a long time) used/uses 18650 battery cells which are 18mm in diameter and 65mm in height. 21700 battery cells (AKA "2170") are 21mm in diameter, 70mm in height and only made specifically for electric vehicles.

    TL;DR: image comparison.

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    1. Re:The difference. by AmiMoJo · · Score: 2

      LG and SK Innovation have gone a different route, with pouch cells of the type found in phones for automotive use. They are cheaper and higher energy density and it shows with significantly lower costs then Panasonic right now.

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    2. Re:The difference. by mea_culpa · · Score: 4, Informative

      If you haven't seen it PBS NOVA made a great documentary about these batteries:

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4McN9OYDwg

    3. Re:The difference. by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 2

      It would be entirely reasonable for any application with 18mm cells to switch to 21mm cells, barring those cases where it's geometrically impossible, if there's benefits to cost and performance. I won't be surprised if you start seeing 21mm cells in other devices.

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      Ezekiel 23:20
    4. Re:The difference. by WindBourne · · Score: 2

      who said that LG/SK cells are cheaper? They make heavy use of things like Cobalt, while Tesla 2170 does not.
      And where are you seeing LG/SK with higher energy density over the 2170?

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    5. Re:The difference. by rtb61 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Used to be mainly for electric vehicles. Battery packs for solar powered homes and battery packs for vehicle are very similar. Panasonic pumping up the number of production lines, well Tesla also sells complete solar systems and they will likely sell far more of them them they do cars. Cars for Tesla are upmarket, the solar powered home system with battery pack are mass market and that's where the big dollars are and where probably over the mid term, where the bulk of Tesla profits will come.

      Pretty soon, people will not be going solar without also doing batteries and a complete system with a reliable installer is where the market is headed. You can expect Tesla to figure highly in this market, whether they choose to have installers on wages or franchises or a mix, is yet to become apparent.

      There is more money for Tesla in solar home power system with battery packs, then there is in just the segment of high end vehicles, cheaper to produce, much larger market, far simpler production. Good thing he picked up the solar panel manufacturer to go with Panasonic batteries and whom ever provides the control systems. Expect revenue from this to overtake cars within the decade. Panasonic expanding production is more to do with the home market than the vehicle market.

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    6. Re:The difference. by AmiMoJo · · Score: 5, Insightful

      We can only infer from the price of cars using their packs, but consider this. Hyundai/Kia will give you a top spec car with 70kWh battery for a lot less money than a stripped down base Model 3 with 50kWh battery. Additionally we can see the price difference between the PHEV versions and EV versions of the Hyundai/Kia cars, which gives us a pretty good indication of the battery cost.

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      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    7. Re:The difference. by torkus · · Score: 2

      Funny, people keep pointing out how ALL THESE EVs are SO MUCH better than the Tesla Model....anything.

      Yet they either don't exist, don't compare, or fall far short in several ways. For example, the Kona EV which I assume you're referring to is targeting to have 2,500 delivered this year. Total, not per month or per week.

      You also assume that other car manufacturers are pricing these vehicles with the same markup as anything else. Hint: they aren't. They're loss-leaders to drive sales in general and get good PR. Maybe keep up a bit on the EV bandwagon so they aren't completely left behind. No one is approaching EVs from a mass production perspective like Tesla.

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  2. Would /. dry up if it weren't for Musk? by AlanObject · · Score: 2

    We just had a Musk/SEC/Fraud thread, so I checked in here and was amazed to see about 7 posts and not one yet called Musk delusional. The haters are off their game I guess.

    What I would like to know is:

    1. Will the Model S and Model X ever get a retrofit to the 2170 battery type? What are the economics of this? Is there a reason now not to do it?

    2. Is Tesla planning on selling these batteries to other EV makers?

    3. How much of the production of the Gigafactory allocated to the Model 3 verses the power wall product?

    1. Re:Would /. dry up if it weren't for Musk? by WindBourne · · Score: 2

      Not sure why you think that MS needs a refresh.
      We own a 2013, and I can tell you that the current 2018 is radically different than ours. Basically, Tesla constantly improves the cars (iterative design), while other car makers have to do the refresh due to no improvements (waterfall design).

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  3. Re:Doom and gloom. by Rei · · Score: 2

    Have no interest in buying at $280, so your premise is false. Even when it was in the $270s *without* this news I only made a small purchase. Why would I make a large purchase at a higher price after this news? My price points tomorrow will start somewhere around $265 and go down from there, growing in size the lower the price..

    I don't act on small movements. I'm not a day trader. I buy when the stock is conveniently low. I sell - occasionally - when it's high due to good news that I think that the shorts will do a good job at FUDding down over the next several days. But for the most part, I hold until at least after the Q4 report.

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  4. Musk is a narcissistic egomaniac, full stop. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2

    We just had a Musk/SEC/Fraud thread, so I checked in here and was amazed to see about 7 posts and not one yet called Musk delusional. The haters are off their game I guess.

    .

    Calling people "haters" is a childishly simple-minded response to a situation that is far from black and white.

    I watched the entire Rogan : Musk interview, and I don't think Musk is delusional, but I do think Musk is full of himself in a way that would cause some people to dislike him. Musk exudes the sort of arrogance that can literally cause some people to want to beat a person up. It's painfully obvious that Musk is _all about Musk_ despite all Musk's bullshit posing about "saving the planet".

    I didn't hear one single thing during that interview that made me believe Musk is some kind of amazing genius. Musk is obviously well read, but I don't think he is nearly the genius that some people seem to think he is. I'd match wits with Musk any time, and I know a number of other people who could do so as well.

    Musk is a skilled bullshitter and he can make himself appear to be a person who knows everything about everything, but if you have a good command of the subject Musk is discussing, it quickly becomes apparent that Musk is a person who has "book knowledge" which makes him appear to be an expert when the truth is that he is not.

    Musk has repeatedly displayed VERY poor judgement, and two examples that come to mind are Musk calling the cave rescue guy a "pedo" and Musk's tweet about taking Tesla private. It's not clear if Musk has a self-destructive streak or if Musk simply has poor impulse control. It IS clear that Musk has serious issues relative to narcissism and his own ego and that he will lash out at people he perceives have insulted him, when a person who has better self-control might wisely choose not to comment at all.

    Musk is a scam artist. PayPal was and is a business that smart people choose to avoid. Tesla cars are toys for rich posers, made by a company which is owned by a rich poser. I suspect the Space X stuff will fall by the wayside when Musk finds something else that amuses him. The tunnel thing was just a rich guy playing with big toys rich guys can afford.

    I think Dean Kamen has done more for the world than Musk has done. Kamen created a portable dialysis machine that changed the lives of many people for the better. Musk has done no such thing.

    If you are going to respond to what I wrote, at least make the effort to write something that is not childish.

  5. Re:Doom and gloom. by cheesybagel · · Score: 2

    Back before Black Tuesday people even took loans to buy shares. Hopefully Rei isn't dumb like that.

  6. got a technical question about these batteries by morethanapapercert · · Score: 2
    Back when Tesla first announced that they were going to use 18650 (laptop and cordless tool) batteries, I remember thinking how crazy that sounded because you'd need to use literally thousands of them. It might give you a lot of flexibility in the form factor of the final packs, but it seemed to me that there were too many downsides:

    1) A shit load of welded/soldered connections to manage, which probably adds to the resistance of the final pack by some non-trivial amount.

    2) Lots of smaller cells, each individually packaged, then packaged in a larger module and that module incorporated into the final pack. That sounds like the ratio of weight of packaging to weight of electrochemical material is pretty bad.

    The situation with the new larger 2170 batteries is a bit better, especially on the total current output. But the issue with so many connections and total weight of packaging still seems high.

    Can any one give me technical reasons why small cylindrical cells like this would be superior to pouch or prismatic cells? I always assumed that a good car battery would resemble the form factor of car starter batteries, big rectilinear shapes putting out decent voltage but a shit-load of amps. The only advantage I can think of for the cylindrical format is ease of roll to roll manufacturing. But even there, unless there is some problem with bigger cells (dielectric breakdown at higher amps maybe?) a larger cylindrical form would be better wouldn't it?

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    1. Re:got a technical question about these batteries by Rei · · Score: 4, Informative

      Tesla has among the highest pack energy densities in the industry, so your notion about the weight of the packaging killing them obviously doesn't ring true.

      The Model 3 packs are put together like giant motherboards. The cells are literally bonded to 2 meter-long PCBs. I doubt you'd argue that all of the bonding that motherboard manufacturers do (capacitors, resistors, etc) is some prohibitive cost ;) The bonds on the cells in the 3 are very thin wires that double as fuses; if a cell short circuits, it melts its wire bonds. Because there are so many cells in a brick, it's easy for current to be routed past it. You can't do this with large prismatic cells, at least not as effectively.

      As for technical reasons for going with small cylindrical cells, there's a couple of them. One is the resilience against failure aspect mentioned above; Tesla packs are designed to allow for cell failures with only a trivial impact on the owner. The other is that they offer a high surface area to volume ratio. This is critical for cooling, mainly during supercharging. Tesla has prioritized effective removal of heat, as they offer much higher charge rates than everyone else.

      Note that there's a common myth that the S and X packs "overheat" during sustained high power driving, and this is why the S and X can't do sustained track duty. This is incorrect; pack temperature is always kept down and does not correspond with throttling. As can be seen from CAN bus readings, throttling corresponds directly with motor temperature. S and X use (inefficient) induction motors. 3, by contrast, uses a much more efficient PMSRM and sees only mild throttling (similar to that experienced in many modern performance gas cars) in sustained track usage.

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      "Who the hell is Nietzche? It's a question stupid people are asking." -- Newscaster, "Jesus Christ Supercop"