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Apple Insiders Say Nobody Internally Knows What's Going On With Bloomberg's China Hack Story (buzzfeednews.com)

An anonymous reader quotes a report from BuzzFeed News: Multiple senior Apple executives, speaking with BuzzFeed News on the condition of anonymity so that they could speak freely all denied and expressed confusion with a report earlier this week that the company's servers had been compromised by a Chinese intelligence operation. On Thursday morning, Bloomberg Businessweek published a bombshell investigation. The report -- the result of more than a year of reporting and over 100 interviews with intelligence and company sources -- alleged that Chinese spies compromised and infiltrated almost 30 U.S. companies including Apple and Amazon by embedding a tiny microchip inside company servers. Both Amazon and Apple issued uncharacteristically strong and detailed denials of Bloomberg's claims.

Reached by BuzzFeed News multiple Apple sources -- three of them very senior executives who work on the security and legal teams -- said that they are at a loss as to how to explain the allegations. These people described a massive, granular, and siloed investigation into not just the claims made in the story, but into unrelated incidents that might have inspired them. A senior security engineer directly involved in Apple's internal investigation described it as "endoscopic," noting they had never seen a chip like the one described in the story, let alone found one. "I don't know if something like this even exists," this person said, noting that Apple was not provided with a malicious chip or motherboard to examine. "We were given nothing. No hardware. No chips. No emails." Equally puzzling to Apple execs is the assertion that it was party to an FBI investigation -- Bloomberg wrote that Apple "reported the incident to the FBI." A senior Apple legal official told BuzzFeed News the company had not contacted the FBI, nor had it been contacted by the FBI, the CIA, the NSA or any government agency in regards to the incidents described in the Bloomberg report. This person's purview and responsibilities are of such a high level that it's unlikely they would not have been aware of government outreach.

31 of 176 comments (clear)

  1. ah, the good old times by hjf · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Remember when people used to answer "I cannot confirm on deny that such action has taken place"?
    Nowadays they just flat out deny it. And then months later the truth comes up, heads roll, stock prices drop, investors buy the stock for pennies. Then people forget about it, stock prices go up, investors sell the stock, and make a lot of money.
    Everyone's happy. The head that rolled? Got his golden parachute. The investors? They got a lot of money. Everyone else? Don't remember a thing.

    1. Re:ah, the good old times by AmiMoJo · · Score: 5, Informative

      It's more like the opposite; the myths never die. Remember that famous slide that Snowden leaked showing the timeline of when the NSA infiltrated Apple, Google, Microsoft and various other tech companies? All denied they were helping the NSA but many people still believe that they are, even long after further slides showed that they were actually attacked and later took steps to prevent data collection based on the leaked info.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
  2. Not Sure What to Believe by crow · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I'm not sure what to believe here.

    In support of the story, China does have a long history of industrial espionage and other spying. Many believe that their economic rise was boosted by stolen IP.

    On the other hand, the current administration is clearly using allegations against China to balance the revelations that continue to come out about Russian interference. Many of the allegations from this administration towards China appear to be completely fabricated.

    But this allegation is much more detailed than anything the administration has been imagining, but the sources are all anonymous.

    1. Re:Not Sure What to Believe by AmiMoJo · · Score: 2

      What makes me doubt it is how blatant it would have been. The Chinese government would have had to develop and manufacture this chip, and then get it installed on Supermicro boards which means either getting Supermicro in on it or getting the factory in on it, because I can't see them being able to alter the PCB CAD files and get a part added to the bill of materials without anyone noticing. I mean everything on the BOM has to be paid for, someone has to check the manufactured boards meet the layout and that all parts were correctly placed etc.

      Even if they did all that, it was bound to be discovered sooner or later and couldn't be passed off as a genuine mistake. The NSA and GCHQ at least make some effort at deniability, which is why when we see ridiculous bugs like Goto Fail we wonder if it was deliberate.

      And in the end there is no need to add an extra chip. Most firmware is riddled with security flaws anyway, just waiting to be found, or you can probably just bribe/pressure someone to insert one for you. The Chinese security services almost certainly have read access to the source code. The chip itself seems rather small to be doing much anyway, I mean 6 pins gives you power and maybe one bus like I2C or SPI to talk to something. No support hardware like timing crystals or power regulation for high performance.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    2. Re:Not Sure What to Believe by Zontar+The+Mindless · · Score: 2

      It's more like the intelligence community and the media are on America's side, and guess who isn't.

      --
      Il n'y a pas de Planet B.
    3. Re:Not Sure What to Believe by sphealey · · Score: 2

      = = = What makes me doubt it is how blatant it would have been. The Chinese government would have had to develop and manufacture this chip, and then get it installed on Supermicro boards which means either getting Supermicro in on it or getting the factory in on it, because I can't see them being able to alter the PCB CAD files and get a part added to the bill of materials without anyone noticing. = = =

      There are a lot of difference factions in the government of the PRC and in the military of the PRC and in the branches of the military of the PRC. Some of those factions overlap and some compete, some have a variety of alliances for specific purposes.

      And any Western company that sets up shop in the PRC will have one of those factions involved in its business explicitly or clandestinely, whether it knows it or not. Back in the oughts I got yelled at because "my" computer system would not open CAD files received from the joint venture 'partner' in the PRC. A bit of snooping in the headers with a hex editor revealed that these were native files for a propriatary CAD system developed by and used only within the People's Liberation Army Air Force. Since I had been explictly told that there was no PRC government or military involvement in the joint venture I sent that info to our VP of business development; he never responded but we did get the drawings in DXF format the next week.

    4. Re:Not Sure What to Believe by Zontar+The+Mindless · · Score: 3, Informative

      This intelligence community and media were the same ones who lied us into Iraq, remember?

      *I* remember certain parties within the Bush Administration ignoring their intelligence agencies (and not just their own) and feeding a bunch of crap to the media that was later shown in the media to be just that—crap.

      --
      Il n'y a pas de Planet B.
  3. This story has the presumption that Apple by mykepredko · · Score: 4, Informative

    Engineers are not intimately involved in the design, support and software maintenance of their products.

    I've worked with Apple, Dell and HP server design teams in a past life and it would be highly unlikely that anything could be added to the products by board stuffers without being discovered.

    Typically for most vendors, the first failed products go straight to development to understand what the problem is to see if there are any design issues. One of the first thing that is done in the process is a review (usually by a junior engineer/technician) to make sure there haven't been any unapproved part substitutions - anything added at this point would be found. It should also be pointed out that Apple products have WiFi/BT built in which means FCC testing and that requires Apple to verify that the product is identical to what will be going down the line - if the PCB gets changed to add a chip without Apple's prior approval and validation by repeating the FCC testing then, based on the contracts I've seen and been a part of, Apple would be demanding huge amounts of compensation as well as making the vendor pay to roll the field.

    This doesn't mean that Apple hasn't added the chips for US/other governmental snooping just that it's highly unlikely that the manufacturing partners added something without Apple's approval.

    1. Re:This story has the presumption that Apple by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 2

      You've raised an interesting point. Have you reviewed the article? There is a difference between "not on the manufacturer's component list" and "not part of the original design". That distinction could leave an opportunity for engineers at the subcontractor SuperMicro was using to insert the component into the circuit board design and component list, so that it would not show up as an unexpected part for a typical hardware evaluation. It would require a much deeper knowledge of the design to say "what is this comopnent doing here on the network data pathway" ?

    2. Re:This story has the presumption that Apple by mykepredko · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Two comments back.

      1. The servers in question aren't Apple hardware (that isn't set out in the article) as an AC pointed out. Doing a bit of research, the servers in question are Teradata "Extreme Data Appliances".

      2. When I was at Celestica, I was part of the team responsible for building Apple products - as a sub, you don't mess with the BoMs, much less the schematic/PCB layout without Apple review and approval without facing HUGE penalties (the least of which is losing the business). This is true for any Tier 1 vendor.

    3. Re: This story has the presumption that Apple by mykepredko · · Score: 2

      Pull all the shipped product back to factories, fix/modify it and return it to customers.

    4. Re:This story has the presumption that Apple by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 2

      That is an interesting point. But I'd assume that, as engineers at a subcontractor business, they probably don't care much about penalties form Apple. People will do astounding things for very small bribes or startlingly weak blackmail at the right moment form the right person. They might not have even known they were doing, they might merely have left their workstations insecure by accident.

  4. Too much talking. Too few acting. by aglider · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Please, take a sample of those servers, open them and let a bunch of experts to investigate.
    Is it that difficult?

    --
    Sent as ripples into the electromagnetic field. No single photon has been harmed in the process.
    1. Re: Too much talking. Too few acting. by sound+vision · · Score: 2

      Other than the fact that that is exactly what was done, Apple has NEVER given straight talk about flaws in its consumer products, much less internal security issues.

    2. Re:Too much talking. Too few acting. by Anubis+IV · · Score: 2

      One side alleges the servers were removed back in 2015. The other side says the malicious servers never existed, but that the Super Micro servers that did exist were decommissioned in 2016 for unrelated reasons. Either way, there aren’t any servers around to open up and check.

  5. Check Calendar by aaarrrgggh · · Score: 2

    Midterm elections, or quarterly reports... so complicated!

  6. Does the chip in question even exist? by timholman · · Score: 5, Interesting

    "I don't know if something like this even exists," this person said, noting that Apple was not provided with a malicious chip or motherboard to examine.

    My colleagues and I were discussing this story last week. My research group has done some work in secure computing, and we were frankly surprised that someone would bother to add a compromised piece of hardware to a motherboard.

    Software intrusions always provide plausible deniability to the attacker, which is critical to state-sponsored espionage. But a hardware hack, where someone succeeds in adding a component to a motherboard without the knowledge of the designer, is far more difficult and far more dangerous. A device in hand can be reverse-engineered, and forensics performed to determine exactly when and how it was inserted into the manufacturing chain. Experts can even determine the exact IC fab in which the chip was manufactured.

    On top of that, a company that allows its manufacturing process to be compromised has essentially ruined itself. What customer would trust it again? Sure, it is possible that the Chinese government would be willing to spend the money to create a company that could be sacrificed to a state espionage effort, but the problem remains that if the espionage is uncovered, no one will trust any installed hardware purchased from them.

    Software intrusions remain extremely successful. The Chinese purportedly breached the OPM and copied all of the personnel files for every U.S. citizen with a security clearance back in 2014, but to this day no one can be entirely sure who was behind it. Likewise, Russia constantly denies its own state-sponsored hacks. For that matter, so does the U.S.A., and everyone else. Why give up such a successful exploit vector in favor of one that provides an undeniable trail back to the perpetrator?

    So exactly what is the story behind this Bloomberg article, and where is the proof that the hack actually happened? Someone needs to produce some hardware as proof. This story is definitely becoming even more interesting.

    1. Re:Does the chip in question even exist? by DNS-and-BIND · · Score: 2

      This has happened a lot lately, don't discount it. Just about when Trump was going to end the Syrian war, Assad attacked with chemical weapons, just about the worst possible timing. When Russia should have been laying low, it did that chemical weapons poisoning in Britain, again the Russian government's timing was horrible. Iran just got caught red-handed planning a terrorist attack in France, just at the time they were about to get out of the US sanctions by bypassing them through the EU. So don't underestimate the ability of governments to time their actions poorly. This sort of thing is right up China's alley and is precisely what we would expect them to do.

      --
      Shutting down free speech with violence isn't fighting fascism. It IS fascism!
  7. Re:BuzzFeed "News" ... Bloomberg "News" ...Clear n by Jahoda · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Oh, well, thank god then you've linked to such quality blogs proving the "Fake News" from Bloomberg whose "opposition to president Trump knows know bounds". I know blogspot and "godsavethepoints" are where I go when I'm looking for cutting edge investigative journalism and not a fart sniffing boomer echo chamber about muh fake news.

  8. Bloomberg got pwn3d by mveloso · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Quite frankly, Bloomberg got fooled by a bunch of people who, for whatever reason, gave them this story.

    Why would people do this? I can think of a bunch of reasons off the top of my head:

    * someone wanted SuperMicro to play ball, and they refused. This is payback.
    * someone wanted SuperMicro's stock to fall, and fall a lot.
    * someone wanted to demonstrate they could get the press to print anything, no matter how ridiculous.
    * someone wanted to teach Bloomberg a lesson
    * someone wanted to throw doubt on the Chinese supply chain. The one that supplies like all the electronics to the US.
    * someone wanted China to share some of the attention

    It could be all of the above. But really, the story is bullshit. The superchip is a story cooked up to fool reporters, reporters who are smart enough fool themselves into thinking they understand how computers work.

    What I'm surprised at is that they didn't ask anyone in the industry about the details. You can always theoretically wire something into a mobo and hide it. You can't practically get something that small to do everything they said it could do. Even James Patterson could tell the difference.

  9. Deep State Disinfio by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 2, Interesting

    If there's one thing i like about Apple it's their intense hatred for either doing the government's bidding or funding their attempts to do so.

    If there's one thing I like about the Feds it's ... ok, there's nothing I like about the Feds but one can at least recognize that the powerful interests scratch each other's backs and Michael "Disarm the Jews" Bloomberg would be happy to help the FBI, et. al. build their case that Apple /must/ be /compelled/ to make iOS spy on its users for them, because "Apple can't even be trusted with its own security."

    Look for natural alliances and opportunities to harm their common enemy. Apple isn't making me buy their walled-garden shit so on this one they're an ally of the people who want privacy and personal freedom.

    --
    My God, it's Full of Source!
    OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
  10. two and a half theories on this by goombah99 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Here's a couple possible scenarios.

    1. The source of this is some spooky agency but they don't want people to know it was them that figured it out. SO the attribution went to Amazon discovering it. A plausible cover story at first as long as no one scratched too deep. the story was socialized within the government enough that every one believed it to be true so that's all bloomberg heard was this succefully engineered echo chamber of a story everyone believed was true. The chip part being true and the cover story of it's origin obfuscated.

    The reason this would happen in this hasty way is that for obvious reasons the Trump administration needed to get out a story that shows china is a bad trading partner. SO timing was rushed. The three letter agency would not want it's discovery revealed because it like to shield sources and methods. So the compromise was blame it on amazon.

    2. For whatever reason apple and amazon dumped some server farms or strategies. Later they realized they had dodged a bullet when the chip issue or mal frimware showed up in supermicro. They have to be really careful here because they could be sued for bad faith in the sales contracts and failure to disclose if it could be made to look like they knew for sure the Supermicro was poison. So they are trying very hard to say they had no knowledge of this (at the time) so this doesn't become a contractual issue.

    Both of these stories might be true

    --
    Some drink at the fountain of knowledge. Others just gargle.
    1. Re:two and a half theories on this by Swave+An+deBwoner · · Score: 2

      https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2018/10/04/china-inserted-surveillance-microchip-servers-used-by-amazon-apple-according-report/

      The report came just hours before Vice President Pence was to deliver a stinging rebuke of China in a speech at the Hudson Institute in Washington. Pence was expected to issue a range of criticisms at what the Trump administrations sees as China’s increasingly aggressive behavior, including allegations by President Trump last week that the country is interfering in the U.S. midterm elections.

  11. Re:Apple's full-court press against this story by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Why is Apple trying so hard to deny a story that Bloomberg insists is accurate and very well sourced?
    Because the Bloomberg story is bollocks?
    No idea, but the stuff they wrote about Germanies renewable energy was usually all the time I bothered to read it: bollocks.

    --
    Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
  12. Re:Apple's full-court press against this story by Jahoda · · Score: 2

    Why is Apple trying so hard to deny a story that Bloomberg insists is accurate and very well sourced? .... Because they all realize this has the potential to destroy the very core of their supply chains. This would be extremely disruptive and costly to their businesses

    Apple does not produce server products, foxconn produces their motherboards, and they also have one of the most secure production chains in the industry.

  13. Facts by JBMcB · · Score: 2

    That won't happen. At least it won't get reported on. Never let the facts get in the way of a good story.

    --
    My Other Computer Is A Data General Nova III.
  14. Re:Apple's full-court press against this story by Jahoda · · Score: 2

    I'm not missing the anything for the anything. I wasn't born yesterday, and unlike the right-wing, I can think. Enjoy your anti-Chinese propaganda / movieland fantasy about the magical remote access chip that plugs directly into the BMI and injects code into the CPU any everything!

  15. There is No Such Agency. by Grog6 · · Score: 2

    Everything else is a Lie. :)

    Like they Could tell you.

    --
    Truth isn't Truth - Guliani
  16. Re:Awaiting more facts . . . by AHuxley · · Score: 2, Insightful

    PRISM showed what the tech companies would say and how they would say it.

    --
    Domestic spying is now "Benign Information Gathering"
  17. Re:Apple's full-court press against this story by gravewax · · Score: 2

    Most people don't need to be paid to think, perhaps you do? the story doesn't pass the smell test, I suspect what we have here is sources that were getting paid and hence made up something to get their money. Something of this scale doesn't stay secret and is very easily proven if true.

  18. Re:BuzzFeed "News" ... Bloomberg "News" ...Clear n by Swave+An+deBwoner · · Score: 2

    Thank you for the link to Scott Adams' blog post complaining about a Bloomberg interview that he agreed to do despite believing it to be a planned "hit piece". The link to the actual excellently written and photographed Bloomberg interview that was found within Adams' blog was interesting and insightful. Hardly an example of poor journalism at Bloomberg - quite the opposite.

    I enjoyed the early and mid Dilbert comics. I'm not a fan of Adams' current "philosophical" ramblings though.