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Maryland Test Confirms Drones Can Safely Deliver Human Organs (ieee.org)

A kidney was flown thousands of meters by a drone without incurring any damage. Reader Wave723 shares a report: When a patient who needs an organ transplantation is finally matched with a donor, every second matters. A longer wait between when an organ is removed from a donor and when it is placed into a recipient is associated with poorer organ function following transplantation. To maximize the chances of success, organs must be shipped from A to B as quickly and safely as possible -- and a recent test run suggests that drones are up to the task. [...] Last March, they (Dr. Joseph Scalea of the University of Maryland Medical Center and his team) received news that a kidney -- which was not healthy enough to be used in a transplantation -- was available for research. Over the course of roughly 24 hours, the kidney was shipped more than 1,600 kilometers (km) to Baltimore and the drone was set up for its first delivery mission. The results were published in the IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine on 6 November.

In total, the little bean-shaped organ was airborne for a little more than an hour over the course of 14 flight missions. For the farthest mission, the kidney flew 2,415 meters, a distance similar to the length of potential shipment routes for donor organs between inner city hospitals. The researchers found that the temperature of the kidney remained stable, at a cool 2.5 degrees Celsius, throughout the test runs. Air pressure corresponded with altitude, and the drone-borne organ achieved a maximum speed of 67.6 km/h. In an interesting twist, the kidney was subjected to slightly fewer vibrations when transported in the drone compared to a control delivery mission in a fixed wing plane (a dual engine turboprop King Air). Biopsies of the kidney before and after drone transportation revealed no damage from the journey, suggesting that the experiment -- which the research team believes is the first ever use of a drone for organ delivery -- was a success.

67 comments

  1. Not impressed by olsmeister · · Score: 5, Funny

    Let me know when they can harvest them first.

    1. Re:Not impressed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

      Harvesting them is actually trivial, the real challenge is identifying compatible donors from the air... well that and getting the would be donors to stay still during the harvesting process...

    2. Re:Not impressed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Don't forget the flava beans.

    3. Re:Not impressed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You'll know when you see a drone carrying a bathtub full of ice toward you...

    4. Re:Not impressed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      getting the would be donors to stay still during the harvesting process...

      That should be easy. The drone just needs to quickly drop down onto the donor before processing.

    5. Re:Not impressed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      that's why 23andme and similars exist

    6. Re:Not impressed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You'd look like less of a dumbass if you used the right word.

      Flava beans, indeed.

      Dumbass.

    7. Re:Not impressed by Type44Q · · Score: 1

      Let me know when they can harvest them first.

      "NO CARRIER?"

    8. Re: Not impressed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Nice. Drone coming at you with a claw foot bathtub full of ice at 80mph. Whoa dude! What is that? What was that? Where it go?

    9. Re:Not impressed by zlives · · Score: 1

      yup them being the beans Flavor Flav prefers

    10. Re:Not impressed by nospam007 · · Score: 1

      "Let me know when they can harvest them first."

      But this is so cool! The thermos was even still cold after the 2 minute flight(2.5 km at almost 68 km/h)
        Awesome.

  2. Why not use a fixed wing drone? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Drones don't have to be multirotors. A fixed wing drone would have a massively increased range and speed.

    1. Re:Why not use a fixed wing drone? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Probably because you can't land a big-enough fixed wing drone on the roof of a hospital, so there'd be time overhead. Hospitals roofs are already festooned with objects.

      Helicopter drones which can carry the organ and associated cooling and support apparatus can go direct point to point between hospitals, saving the transit time between a landing strip and the hospital for the organ. Also most major hospitals already have helipads on the roofs already, so a heli-drone can use that without needing new infrastructure.

    2. Re: Why not use a fixed wing drone? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Surprise! Splat! Happy transplanting!

    3. Re: Why not use a fixed wing drone? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Already got a proposed design for the best of both worlds:
      https://vtol.org/news/2018-student-design-winners

      Full design document (performance, structure, controls, navigation, etc) is somewhere in there. The winner (grad category) of this past year's competition was designed specifically with medical organ & emergency supply transport in mind.

  3. Every second matters AND 1600 km by Reaper9889 · · Score: 1

    Why was there 1600 km between the two if every second matters? A flight ticket back and forth does not sound that expensive. Is this one of the US stories about the price of hospitals or something?

    1. Re: Every second matters AND 1600 km by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Because they were making a test run.

    2. Re:Every second matters AND 1600 km by techno-vampire · · Score: 1

      For those of us who are still more comfortable with miles, that's slightly over 994.19 miles. You can't often find a donor organ that's close to where it's needed, so you generally have to send them cross country by plane. Having the test start that far from the destination simply made for more realistic conditions.

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    3. Re:Every second matters AND 1600 km by helpfulcorn · · Score: 1

      Man, miles is so much shorter than kilometres. Why use kilometres if miles is so much closer?

    4. Re:Every second matters AND 1600 km by azadrozny · · Score: 1

      This make a lot of sense. With a drone I can get a direct flight to any hospital in the country. No need to book or charter the flight, and no need to use an airport.

  4. Now What They Need... by rally2xs · · Score: 1

    Is a scramjet drone flying at mach 17... get that perishable around the world in short order.

    1. Re:Now What They Need... by zlives · · Score: 1

      i hear there is a glut of kidneys in china for some odd reason.

    2. Re:Now What They Need... by someoneOtherThanMe · · Score: 1

      Indeed, almost 3 billion of them.

  5. Proposal for next paper by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Transport kidney on a high speed train. Publish results.
    200 years ago people believed speeds in excess of 20 miles could not be survived.
    Tomorrow I will come up with another exciting research project.

    1. Re:Proposal for next paper by toonces33 · · Score: 1

      Sounds like a job for Elon Musk. Kidney-sized hyperloop tunnels.

    2. Re:Proposal for next paper by mark_reh · · Score: 1

      "200 years ago people believed speeds in excess of 20 miles could not be survived."

      Uh, didn't people ride horses back then?

  6. Raise your hand if you thought it said orgasms by bistromath007 · · Score: 0

    (ãf_ãf)ãfZ

  7. 1,600 kilometers (km)? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Right, was flown thousands of meters. 1,600 kilometers (km)?

    That's 1600 km unless you are using the non-english ',' decimal separator.

    But then the 2,415 meters could be in football fields, or bananas.

    1. Re:1,600 kilometers (km)? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Because the editor is an American, so attempt to convert metrics to imperial is a troublesome.

  8. AC Test Confirms by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Anonymous Coward tests confirm that drones carrying human organs can get lost and or crash just like any drone.

    For the millionth fucking time; can does not mean will or should. Drones can deliver things. But, that doesn't mean they should or should be trusted to do so.

  9. Use Case? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This summary lacks a use case. Researchers didn't demonstrate traveling 1600km (that's irrelevant), they showed 2.4km. What I want to know is why is there 2.4 km distance that must be traversed. Is the idea to transfer between hospitals in a city? Is it to transfer to/from an nearby airport where a longer flight covers most of the distance? Does it take too long to get a helicopter pilot into the air?

    1. Re:Use Case? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Does it take too long to get a helicopter pilot into the air?

      A helicopter delivering an organ is a helicopter that cannot transport a patient in critical condition. Better to keep the helicopter at home and use something smaller and cheaper to maintain.

    2. Re:Use Case? by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 1

      What I want to know is why is there 2.4 km distance that must be traversed. Is the idea to transfer between hospitals in a city?

      The summary specifically says this is a typical distance for transferring between hospitals.

      Does it take too long to get a helicopter pilot into the air?

      So your point is that they shouldn't waste money on a $500 drone, when a mere $1.5M helicopter can do it for only $1000 an hour?

    3. Re:Use Case? by Headw1nd · · Score: 1

      I think what they are looking at here is not long term delivery, but what is the quickest point-to-point in an urban setting. Having a helicopter ready to go airborne is not cheap, whereas a drone can literally be left in a shed until it's needed. Also helicopters will ostensibly have tighter regulations on when and where they can fly since they do a lot more damage in a crash than a drone. Take the example of a helicopter grounded in bad weather- it can't fly because if it wrecks in can cause considerable damage and kill the pilots. In comparison, a drone is potentially expendable, isn't very likely to do much damage if it crashes, so all you are risking is the organ itself, which will soon be worthless if it doesn't get a move on anyway.

    4. Re:Use Case? by zlives · · Score: 1

      i wonder what the market for drone harvesting look like...

    5. Re: Use Case? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just to make your point more.... Medical helicopters are more like $10M.

    6. Re:Use Case? by rtb61 · · Score: 2

      Let me see, someone's life is on the line at the other end, say it is your life. Whilst a $500 drobe could probably do it, would you be willing to wait at the other end for the whoops ie taken out by a stray bird (drone falls from the sky), a large piece of wind blown plastic, radio transmission interference or the drone or remote suffers any kind of glitch and whoops you die. It is not whether or not the drone can do it, that is a given, obviously it can, how reliably can it do it, that is the question and how do you need to set up the system for at least 99%, reliability and for that backup and recovery systems.

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    7. Re:Use Case? by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 1

      I own a drone (DJI Mavic). I worked with helicopters when I was in the military. They have WAY more down time than drones.

      So your argument is completely backwards. If you need reliable deliveries, go with the drone.

  10. Re:C6GUMMER THE NAZI FAGGOT NEEDS PURGED by sycodon · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    Needs to ban whiny ACs too.

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  11. "test" "confirms" "safely" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Safety is not "there were successful tests". The "nothing blew up yet so it's safe" idiocy is the basis of countless accidents (remember Challenger?). Trials can disprove safety, not prove it. And even if they disprove safety by showcasing unpredictable faults, people will conclude safety from anything but catastrophic failure.

  12. But can they .. by MpVpRb · · Score: 4, Funny

    de-liver a liver?

    1. Re:But can they .. by OzPeter · · Score: 5, Funny

      de-liver a liver?

      You've gotta be kidney me

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    2. Re:But can they .. by sinij · · Score: 3, Funny

      Eye see what you are doing here.

    3. Re:But can they .. by AdamStarks · · Score: 3, Funny

      I could use an ex-spleen-ation

    4. Re:But can they .. by es330td · · Score: 3, Funny

      I don't think I can stomach any more of this.

    5. Re:But can they .. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      Oh come on, have a heart.

    6. Re:But can they .. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      Ha ha, very humerus.

  13. Awesome! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This sounds awesome! Fantastic use case for drones!

  14. This is terribly written and confusing. by sunking2 · · Score: 2, Informative

    I think what they are saying that the kidney was flow via airplane 1600km to Baltimore as would normally be done. Once in Baltimore they started doing the drone tests. Obviously you aren't going to do a 1600km pony express of drones.

    1. Re:This is terribly written and confusing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What about the security of the organ transport? If I died and offered up my organs, I'd hate to have my gift floating through the air where it could be destroyed or stolen.

    2. Re:This is terribly written and confusing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If I died and offered up my organs, I'd hate to have my gift floating through the air where it could be destroyed or stolen.

      You wouldn't care, you'd be dead.

  15. how to lie with statistics by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    " For the farthest mission, the kidney flew 2,415 meters, a distance similar to the length of potential shipment routes for donor organs between inner city hospitals. "
    "In an interesting twist, the kidney was subjected to slightly fewer vibrations when transported in the drone compared to a control delivery mission in a fixed wing plane (a dual engine turboprop King Air)."

    Most King Air's fly farther than 2.4km on a typical mission so I am not sure their data sample is useful. It takes about 1 Km just to stop them on the runway after the flight.

    1. Re:how to lie with statistics by zlives · · Score: 1

      they compared vibrations for 2.4 KM of taxiing.

    2. Re:how to lie with statistics by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      With a fixed wing aircraft. No many hospitals have runways. So not sure what this measured.

  16. Oh, here we go... by ZoomieDood · · Score: 1

    Thug 1 (T1): Opening medi-auction site now....
    Thug 2 (T2): Shhh.. shhh... look lady, we're just gonna take your kidney, okay?
    Victim (V): Who let you in? Why are you doing this?

    T2 to T1: Hurry up... what's the going rate for a kidney?
    T1: top big is.... $5800, with finders bonus... $12,450
    T2: Woohoo! Take the sale, arrange for pickup - send our coordinates now.

    Victim starts screaming as Thug 2 approaches her with a knife.
    Thug 2 knocks her out, and proceeds to cut out her kidney.

    A minute later, a tapping is heard on the window, and an ice chest is seen outside tucked under a drone.

    The ice chest is packed with the kidney on ice, and is sent on its way.

    Thug 1: Payment has been electronically transferred. Let's get downtown and make a fast withdrawal.

    Victim wakes up in a tub of ice water...

  17. Important to test, but seriously... by Livius · · Score: 1

    I think it's great that drones have finally found a positive role in society after all the undeserved hype.

    At the same time, while I know you have to test or you don't actually know for sure, we already knew they could carry very small cargo over short distances.

  18. Already been done... in Africa by mspohr · · Score: 1

    https://www.theverge.com/2016/...

    Zipline International
    Rwanda delivers blood and medication to remote clinics by drone. Fast, safe.

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  19. IMPERSONATING ME AGAIN? apk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    gweihir KNOWS u IMPERSONATE me https://it.slashdot.org/commen... c6gunner proves it https://linux.slashdot.org/com... forgetting to SUBMIT BY AC & f'd up using his registered 'lusrname' instead (just because he tried to mock me both BEFORE & after I FAIRLY challenged him to show he's done better work - he had ZERO).

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    APK

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  20. What about the birds? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Wait till the birds and crows figure out the drones are carrying fresh food.

  21. They Can Safely Deliver Human Organs. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    But can they pick them up directly from the source while it's actively trying to get away?

    Let's see, your blood type is probably on your drivers license and your doctor at least has it.

    Here's a drone that can find and kill you. No, really.

    And if you're dead, you're not moving, and the ambulance cam come pick you up. At least we're not doing this.

  22. That's only half of the solution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The organ harvesting drone is the another half.

  23. If you steer the drone well, by mark_reh · · Score: 1

    its blades can chop a kidney out of someone on the street and then deliver it to the hospital where it can be installed.

    I wonder if they could get human pineal extract that way...