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Hubble Space Telescope Will Last Through the Mid-2020s, Report Says (space.com)

schwit1 shares a report from Space.com: Despite recent issues with one of its instruments, the Hubble Space Telescope is expected to last at least another five years. A new report suggests that the iconic spacecraft has a strong chance of enduring through the mid-2020s. [...] One reason the spacecraft has lasted so long is that astronauts have provided aid. Servicing missions continued to update the telescope until 2009, when the space shuttle was retired. The final update to Hubble included the installation of two brand-new instruments, the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) and WFC3. The astronauts on Servicing Mission 4 also performed on-site repairs for the telescope's two other instruments, the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) and the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), both of which had stopped working. The astronauts additionally replaced Hubble's 18-year-old batteries with new ones; installed six new gyroscopes, whose job is turning the telescope; and added a brand-new Fine Guidance System to point the instrument. Astronauts also covered Hubble's equipment bays with insulating panels and installed a device that will help to guide the observatory down when its mission comes to an end.

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  1. Robots and humans by Applehu+Akbar · · Score: 1

    The longevity or Hubble is still more proof that our machines take to space as a natural medium, with missions routinely serving a multiple of their expected lifetimes. On the other hand, Hubble got a large part of its extended lifetime from manned servicing. In fact if it had not been for manned missions, Hubble would have returned no data at all.

    1. Re:Robots and humans by nojayuk · · Score: 4, Insightful

      the Hubble got launched, fixed and repaired and updated and serviced because the US had the Space Shuttle to carry a crew, equipment, parts, space walkers, support, the Canada arm, manoeuvring fuel, a toilet and shower up to the Hubble's high orbit. They don't have a Shuttle any more.

      The US plans for a return to manned spaceflight involves 1960s-style "spam in a can" up-around-and-down flights to nowhere, with none of the useful luxuries the Shuttle had, especially the ability to support spacewalks.

    2. Re:Robots and humans by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 1

      There's no reason why, for example, Dragon couldn't support EVA, the same way that Gemini did. It could also carry significant mass and volume of unpressurized spare parts in the trunk.

      In fact, because of its tremendous dry mass, the Shuttle had a worse time trying to get to the HST's orbit than Dragon would have.

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    3. Re:Robots and humans by MrKaos · · Score: 1

      In fact if it had not been for manned missions, Hubble would have returned no data at all.

      Hubble would be hobbled!

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    4. Re:Robots and humans by nojayuk · · Score: 3, Informative

      Gemini "EVA" involved both crew members being suited for space all the time in the capsule since the spacewalks involved depressurising the entire crew living quarters. The Hubble had an airlock, jumpsuited support personnel for the jumpsuited spacewalkers who assisted them into their suits and out again permitting multiple two-man multi-hour spacewalks to accomplish several different tasks on each flight which lasted several days.

      The Shuttle also had the Canada arm to carry space walkers and parts to the Hubble as well as grapple with the Hubble itself. Dragon has no arm and nowhere and no way to mount an arm or power and control it.

      Dragon is optimised to reach the ISS orbit at about 400km, carrying passengers up and down from the space station. The Hubble orbits at about 550km, a lot higher. To reach the Hubble and manoeuvre around it the Dragon would have to carry more fuel and less payload but still have parts, EVA suits, supplies for an extended flight time of over a week, an airlock etc.

      The Shuttle had a large dry mass but it also had a large "wet" mass -- it could launch with up to 18 tonnes of manoeuvering fuel as well as 20 tonnes of payload in the payload bay (there were mass tradeoffs though depending on the mission). Dragon is designed down to meet "spam-in-a-can" specifications, a Soyuz replacement with some extra bells and whistles.

      It would be better to build and launch a Hubble replacement rather than attempt to keep it running by repair and maintenance flights. Technology has moved on since the 1980s when the Hubble was designed and built. I doubt if there's a budget for an exact replacement now though.

    5. Re:Robots and humans by treymichaelcook · · Score: 1

      There are also SpaceX's plans that seem to be moving forward at a stellar pace. That test vehicle, Starhopper, they are building down in Texas is almost done, and will be doing low-altitude engine tests in a few weeks. The first prototype "Starship" proper should be done later this year, and doing sub-orbital tests either by the end of the year or early 2020. If SpaceX gets its Starship flying at anywhere near the estimated cost, all sorts of interesting space projects become viable. The whole project has gotten speed-up when they decided to switch from carbon fiber covered in heatshield material, to stainless steel with an active cooling system. Turns out that steel is a lot easier to work with than carbon fiber.

    6. Re:Robots and humans by vrt3 · · Score: 1

      ... .The Hubble had an airlock, jumpsuited support personnel ...

      The Shuttle, you mean undoubtedly :)

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    7. Re:Robots and humans by careysub · · Score: 1

      But manned servicing is not the only option, or even the best option. Robot servicing, if designed from the beginning would be far more cost effective. In fact the a robot to service Hubble did begin development in 2004 and passed critical design review in 2005, before its budget was cut.

      The cost of every Shuttle mission was more than a billion dollars (this is the amortized cost of running the Shuttle program, without including the original development). NASA claimed the Shuttle cost $450 million per launch several years ago, but that excluded non-launch costs of operating the shuttle program. If you take the annual appropriation for the Shuttle program and divide that by the number of launches you always get figures in excess of a billion dollars per launch.

      If any similar space platform is flown in the future a robotic service system should be part of the development program. The fact that we did not have robots available, but did have people and a legacy launch platform with limited uses otherwise (the Shuttle was operated well below its operating capacity), does not mean that this was the best option, much less a necessary one. Robotic servicing can make space operations much more cost effective. If you support effective, and cost effective, space programs you should support emphasizing robots in space.

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    8. Re:Robots and humans by thrich81 · · Score: 1

      "spam in a can" (Apollo-Saturn) put the Skylab space station into orbit with its attached Apollo Telescope Mount in 1973, 17 years (and many billions of development dollars) before the Space Shuttle launched Hubble. There is no reason why Apollo Saturn technology couldn't have produced a Hubble-like observatory, at overall considerably less systems cost.

    9. Re:Robots and humans by AlwinBarni · · Score: 2

      ... JWST has an impossibly complicated origami shield for no reason.

      There's a reason, a very good reason: JWST is designed to be an infrared telescope, hence it has to be kept at very low temperature, and if you looked around the Inet about JWST, you would find why the shield is this way - it's optimal considering weight needed isolation and price.

      Then there is WFIRST ... They were handed a ready made spaceframe that they are familiar with.

      WFIRST was designed to be smaller, however about 2011 NRO disclosed having a project of Hubble class spy telescopes (since 1976) and in 2012 donated 2 not needed mirrors, not spaceframes - just optics, which has to be adjusted to look deep out not close down. Since the donated mirrors are bigger than WFIRST design, the telescope had to be redesigned, and considering bigger, heavier and needing bigger launcher ended up more expensive (to be fair: estimations differ, some say otherwise).

      Don't get me wrong, I am very happy for the donation, WFIRST will be more capable, however, considering NRO program starting date of 1976 and donation in 2012, it's more likely out of needed storage space for better mirrors than a good heart.

    10. Re:Robots and humans by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 1

      Gemini "EVA" involved both crew members being suited for space all the time in the capsule since the spacewalks involved depressurising the entire crew living quarters. The Hubble had an airlock, jumpsuited support personnel for the jumpsuited spacewalkers who assisted them into their suits and out again permitting multiple two-man multi-hour spacewalks to accomplish several different tasks on each flight which lasted several days.

      Sure it's not terribly convenient to do it by depressurizing the cabin, but this is still a vehicle that was designed for up to seven people, so there's lots of room to change into EVA suits for a crew of, say, three.

      Dragon is optimised to reach the ISS orbit at about 400km, carrying passengers up and down from the space station. The Hubble orbits at about 550km, a lot higher. To reach the Hubble and manoeuvre around it the Dragon would have to carry more fuel and less payload but still have parts, EVA suits, supplies for an extended flight time of over a week, an airlock etc.

      Have you seen STS's altitute/payload curve? Pretty much anything has better capability. Hell, to phrase it your way, "the Shuttle is optimized to reach a 200 km altitude". Extra 150 km above the ISS is "a lot" for the Shuttle, but absolutely trivial for Dragon on top of a Falcon 9.

      The Shuttle had a large dry mass but it also had a large "wet" mass -- it could launch with up to 18 tonnes of manoeuvering fuel as well as 20 tonnes of payload in the payload bay

      NOT to HTS' altitude, that's for sure.

      --
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    11. Re:Robots and humans by bobbied · · Score: 1

      The longevity or Hubble is still more proof that our machines take to space as a natural medium, with missions routinely serving a multiple of their expected lifetimes. On the other hand, Hubble got a large part of its extended lifetime from manned servicing. In fact if it had not been for manned missions, Hubble would have returned no data at all.

      Without getting fixed, Hubble would have returned data just fine, but it would have been of limited use because the optics where out of focus. It was able to collect imagery, it's just that the blurry images would have been no better than what could be obtained from earth based telescopes.

      Even with the "repair" missions, Hubble hasn't lived up to it's original designed resolution but has far exceeded expiations in other ways that more and make up for any initial troubles and costs.

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    12. Re:Robots and humans by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      There is no reason why Apollo Saturn technology couldn't have produced a Hubble-like observatory, at overall considerably less systems cost.
      Yes there is a reason.
      Perhaps you want to read up why and how the software industry got hooked up to "source code control" or "version control".
      The Saturns had no proper version control of their build plans (the first ones had none at all).
      Basically every new one was build from scratch with primitive plans and the rest of the knowledge in the minds of the engineers/workers.

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    13. Re:Robots and humans by nojayuk · · Score: 1

      The seven-person Dragon capsule has people packed in like sardines, less usable volume than a people-carrier. Getting three people and two spacewalk suits plus EVA backpacks, pre-breathing apparatus and exercise equipment into the back of a small minivan and expect the crewmen to be able to do anything once they're in there is not a goer.

      From the NASA webpages on EVAs from the ISS:

      The ISS pre-breathe protocol involves breathing pure oxygen for a total of 2 hours and 20 minutes and includes a short period of high-intensity exercise at the beginning of the pre-breathe procedure.

      Dragon crews only get one spacewalk per flight, of course unlike the Shuttle's capabilities -- the last Hubble repair mission (STS-125/SM4) carried out five spacewalks with 11 tonnes of supporting equipment over 12 days. Dragon 2 can carry a total of 6 tonnes including crew, supplies etc. to ISS orbit, much less up to the Hubble orbit of course.

    14. Re:Robots and humans by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 1

      Dragon crews only get one spacewalk per flight

      Why?

      Dragon 2 can carry a total of 6 tonnes including crew, supplies etc. to ISS orbit, much less up to the Hubble orbit of course.

      That's absolutely not "of course". Falcon 9 Block 5 has up to 22 tonnes of total payload to low LEO in expendable mode (modulo current PAF, of course, unless the one for Falcon Heavy is used). If Dragon 2 can carry 6 tonnes of payload mass to ISS' altitude, then it's the same amount it can carry to Hubble's altitude - precisely because it's not the Shuttle. The Shuttle had zero performance reserves counted into its payload figures, unlike F9+Dragon.

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
  2. Its final mission by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    will be to land on Trump like that house in The Wizard of Oz, so we won't have to endure another 4 years of his idiocy.

  3. After many delays by bobstreo · · Score: 4, Informative

    the James Webb Space Telescope, (JWST) is currently scheduled for March 2021. It was designed as the successor to the Hubble , and originally scheduled for launch in June 2018.

    https://www.nasa.gov/press-rel...

    How interesting, a government web site that's still working.

    1. Re:After many delays by Cpt_Kirks · · Score: 1

      I fear the Webb will get out to the lagrange point and either fail to deploy correctly or just die.

      That beast is SO COMPLICATED they can't even get the deployment to work right in testing.

    2. Re: After many delays by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      How many projects have you worked on where the technology to complete the project didnt even exist at the projects kickoff?

  4. Re:Too bad it won't be in a museum :-( by quenda · · Score: 1

    By all accounts, the Hubble Space Telescope should retire to a museum such as the Smithsonian but instead it will be burned up during re-entry like a piece of space garbage. So sad :-(

    Says who? Is that official? De-orbiting it will need a mission sent. Might as well boost it to a higher long-term orbit instead.
    One day, somebody will offer to bring it back. Would be a lot of prestige for the BFR, or whoever succeeds in building a suitable vehicle.
    (The Shuttle would have been capable of returning the 11 tons to Earth.)

  5. Re:Too bad it won't be in a museum :-( by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 2

    "De-orbiting" costs much less fuel and is a much longer term solution. Reducing its orbital speed even slightly will bring it into more contact with Earth's atmosphere, which will continue to slow its speed until it spirals down: this is the normal fate of every object in LEO, or low earth orbit. The thing is 40 feet long and weighs 22 tons. I find myself wishing it could be salvaged for posterity, like many NASA missions it has vastly exceeded its expected work life and provided unique insights into the nature of the universe.

  6. Re:THERE WILL ALWAYS by stealth_finger · · Score: 1

    Getting it out of the way early?

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  7. Re:Too bad it won't be in a museum :-( by treymichaelcook · · Score: 2

    Hopefully the BFR works; if Ol'Musky gets it flying for anywhere near the projected cost, it would have little issue with recovering Hubble and bringing it down. And for that matter, the BFR would also be capable of hauling up much larger replacement telescopes.

  8. A device by jbmartin6 · · Score: 1

    installed a device that will help to guide the observatory down when its mission comes to an end.

    i.e. one of the astronauts lost his watch inside the casing.

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  9. Re:And it is running Linux by jfdavis668 · · Score: 1

    One of the upgrades included space-hardened 80486s, replacing the original 80386s.

  10. No Shuttle to carry it by tomhath · · Score: 1

    Hubble was designed around the Space Shuttle; if that was still available Hubble could have been retrieved.

  11. Post-Space Shuttle Legacy by Only+Time+Will+Tell · · Score: 2

    Now that we're nearly a decade past the last shuttle launch, it makes sense to take stock in what the post-shuttle space missions have been like. It seems in a lot of ways we lost a lot of capabilities of near-Earth orbits and have to entirely rely on the ISS for experiments. Satellite and equipment repairs on things like Hubble are now out of our capability and I wonder what we've intangibly lost in terms of science and innovation that went into the shuttle's design and upkeep. I'm probably just being nostalgic for the shuttle since I grew up with it as a constant presence, but I feel like we've taken a step back having to rely on the Russians to launch human missions in the short-term and going back to capsules that are nothing more than taxis rather than being a platform for experiments and equipment launches/repairs.

  12. JWST isn't a true replacement by Miamicanes · · Score: 2

    JWST isn't a true "replacement" for Hubble.

    Tthere are a few things JWST can do that Hubble can't, but there are a LOT of things Hubble can do that JWST can't. It's more of a step sideways than a step forward.

    As an augment to Hubble, it has the potential to be a fantastic resources. As an outright replacement, it kind of sucks.

    Making matters worse, JWST's expected service life is shockingly short, and unlike Hubble, NASA appears to really *mean* it when it says it plans to deorbit JWST on schedule (to avoid leaving spacejunk cluttering a Lagrange point). So it's ENTIRELY conceivable that if Hubble gets deorbited with JWST as an alleged "replacement", we'll end up with no comparable space telescopes AT ALL a couple of years later.

    The best thing we can do with Hubble right now is to get maximum use from it, then do our best to keep it cheaply re-boosted until such time as we have the ability to do a proper servicing mission on it (replacing its electronics and mechanically-failing parts, but taking advantage of the huge spaceframe and lens that we realistically have no way to replace anytime within the next 15-25 years).

    For somewhat of an analogy, imagine that your family runs a tour service on a remote island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean & has a big, London-style double-decker bus that's iconic and wildly popular with tourists. Your grandfather bought it 30 years ago when it was shiny & new, and had it transported to the island in a semi-custom airplane that no longer exists (assume that for some reason, boats can't reach the island... maybe it's surrounded by jagged reefs that would be suicidal to attempt navigating by boat). Today, that old bus is kind of a hot mess... it needs a new engine, the seats are tattered, and it needs a good paint job. A brand new bus would cost less than refurbishing the old one, except for one problem... there's nobody who's CAPABLE of transporting an entire new bus to your island because it's too big to fit into any of today's smaller, cheaper, safer, and more fuel-efficient (but sadly, smaller) cargo planes, so you have to make do with packing replacement parts onto multiple air cargo planes and flying them in if you want to continue having a working double-decker bus on that island.

    It's not a perfect analogy, but it makes the point... Hubble has parts that simply CAN'T be replaced anytime soon. If we throw them away by deorbiting it, the capabilities they represent will be gone "forever" (at least, the foreseeable future, quite probably the remainder of our own lives). A limited robotic servicing mission by SpaceX that does nothing but boost Hubble into a higher orbit to buy us another 10-15 years to decide what to do with it would be an extremely prudent investment, because the alternative would be the destruction of a valuable asset that literally can't be replaced at any cost within the next few years.

  13. The service mission will be a robot by aberglas · · Score: 1

    On a relatively cheap rocket, one way. And hopefully the Web has been designed so that it can be serviced by a robot, with easy to undo bolts etc.

  14. Just get the Chinese to blow it up by aberglas · · Score: 1

    Would be even cheaper. And the Chinese don't worry about space junk.