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Eating Processed Foods Tied To Shorter Life, Study Suggests (theguardian.com)

An anonymous reader quotes a report from The New York Times: The study, in JAMA Internal Medicine, tracked diet and health over eight years in more than 44,000 French men and women. Their average age was 58 at the start. About 29 percent of their energy intake was ultraprocessed foods. Such foods include instant noodles and soups, breakfast cereals, energy bars and drinks, chicken nuggets and many other ready-made meals and packaged snacks containing numerous ingredients and manufactured using industrial processes. There were 602 deaths over the course of the study, mostly from cancer and cardiovascular disease. Even after adjusting for many health, socioeconomic and behavioral characteristics, including scores on a scale of compliance with a healthy diet, the study found that for every 10 percent increase in ultraprocessed food consumption, there was a 14 percent increase in the risk of death (Warning: source may be paywalled; alternative source). The authors suggest that high-temperature processing may form contaminants, that additives may be carcinogenic, and that the packaging of prepared foods can lead to contamination.

30 of 243 comments (clear)

  1. Have you noticed how fucked up the world is? by GrumpySteen · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Pass me another can of pasteurized processed spray cheese food product so I can take myself out before it gets any worse.

  2. Processed milk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Raw milk is better for you. Listeria is fake news created by the dairy industrial complex to keep consumers on profitable processed food.

  3. The Snack of Dorian Gray by SuperKendall · · Score: 5, Funny

    You even wonder how processed foods last so long?

    They do it by consuming the life energy of the future consumers to keep themselves looking youthful!

    --
    "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
  4. Re:LOL industrial processes by Tablizer · · Score: 4, Informative

    The extra salt alone is enough to kill people.

    Nobody really knows why "processed foods" cause harm. Studies on salt itself say too much salt affects some people negatively, but not all. Salt sensitivity can usually be detected with specific tests. And lower-processed foods are often also salty. Being heavily processed by itself doesn't mean it automatically has more salt.

    As the intro hinted, the exact cause is only speculation at this point. Further studies would be needed to isolate the offending trait(s). Candidate factors include but are not limited to:

    * More alleged salt
    * More MSG
    * More alleged oil/fat
    * Less fiber and "roughage"
    * Longer cooking period
    * More preservatives and "odd" chemicals
    * More frying
    * On the shelf longer
    * Less of certain vitamins and minerals

  5. Re: LOL industrial processes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Nitrates in processed meat are heavily linked to bowel cancer.

  6. You have to by rsilvergun · · Score: 2

    the only way to combat "common sense" is with education & hard science. For centuries the excuse for abandoning the poor has been "they're just of low moral character". Science is gradually eliminating that excuse and education means folks can't pretend not to know it.

    --
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  7. Re: sigh. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    >Socioeconomic factors can't be "controlled for" because they are all encompassing.

    Dude you really have no fucking clue how this shit works.

  8. Re:LOL industrial processes by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Studies on salt itself say too much salt affects some people negatively, but not all.

    This is race related. East Asians tend to be the least sensitive to salt, sub-Saharan Africans the most sensitive, and Caucasians in between. This correlates with the historical availability of salt. In much of Asia it has been available and affordable for millennia. In Africa, it was historically difficult to obtain. So Asians evolved to excrete salt, while Africans evolved to retain it.

  9. My cognitive ability ... by Qbertino · · Score: 3, Interesting

    ... directly correlates with my current diet. When I force myself / see to it that I cook myself and eat healthy and ad in an amount of fresh veggies and similar foods and reduce sugar (the only substance I'm addicted to) I am more "awake" than usual. That effect kicks in noticably after a week or so.

    The more processed foods are, the more unhealthy you're living. To me that's evident in quite a few ways.

    --
    We suffer more in our imagination than in reality. - Seneca
  10. Re:LOL industrial processes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Back in the 90's, rBST was given to cows en masse', and while it increased milk yields, it also made the cows sick and would result in milk that sometimes had a double digit percentage of pus, blood and other nastyness. Suffice to say, during this time a bunch of people began getting sick from Dairy-related foods and wierdly enough, you started seeing studies correlating dairy products to every ailment from Cancer to Diabetis. I used to get hemmoroids and diahrhea from drinking milk and when I cut dairy I felt a lot better. I cut it for about 6 or 7 years then found out the organic products didn't give me issues.

    Apparently enough people found enough problems with the milk they were drinking they did the same, hence organic foods were born.

    In the 00's, the same thing was repeated with corn syrup. Monsanto released their roundup product which was used on corn for ethanol production, companies moved to corn syrup from sugar because it was less expensive, and the refined syrup had a concentration of pesticides. People got sick from corn syrup, studies began linking it to cancer and diabetis and all sorts of things, and people began eliminating it from their diets. Some people went "gluten free". In my case I never had corn syrup in my diet so I never had issues, but lots of people did.

    The lessons to be learned is, it isn't cooks or chefs or scientists that run food companies.

    It's accountants.

    And to them, you and your health is just a number, and they will fight tooth and nail and everything inbetween to force food down your throat that will make you fat, mentally ill, and sick because they think they have a right, not the privelage, of a market share.

    Go look on a milk carton sometime. They'll have "No rBST" and then a legal disclaimer.

    These people are nuts.

    Personally, I am losing faith in the entire food industry and going back to basics. It really takes a hell of a lot of effort to mess up fruits and vegitables.

  11. Re:LOL industrial processes by TechyImmigrant · · Score: 4, Informative

    The extra salt alone is enough to kill people.

    Nobody really knows why "processed foods" cause harm. Studies on salt itself say too much salt affects some people negatively, but not all. Salt sensitivity can usually be detected with specific tests. And lower-processed foods are often also salty. Being heavily processed by itself doesn't mean it automatically has more salt.

    As the intro hinted, the exact cause is only speculation at this point. Further studies would be needed to isolate the offending trait(s). Candidate factors include but are not limited to:

    * More alleged salt
    * More MSG
    * More alleged oil/fat
    * Less fiber and "roughage"
    * Longer cooking period
    * More preservatives and "odd" chemicals
    * More frying
    * On the shelf longer
    * Less of certain vitamins and minerals

    There are well researched mechanisms:

    1) The increased GIP/GLP-1 ratio from finely processed foods (as in chopped up or pureed) promoting insulin resistance.
    2) The low F/N ratio fats (aka seed oils) used in western food preparation, impairing satiety signaling by impairing RET.
    3) The absence of DHA and EPA, so the body keeps up the hunger till it gets enough. Eat that fatty fishy to feel full quicker.

    The strawmen you list are the domain of uninformed speculation.

    --
    I should use this sig to advertise my book ISBN-13 : 978-1501515132.
  12. Re:Processed flour, sugar and corn by TechyImmigrant · · Score: 2

    sugars are the devil.

    Sucrose certainly is. Avoid it.

    --
    I should use this sig to advertise my book ISBN-13 : 978-1501515132.
  13. Re:LOL industrial processes by TechyImmigrant · · Score: 2

    Oh - and sugar.

    --
    I should use this sig to advertise my book ISBN-13 : 978-1501515132.
  14. Re:Processed flour, sugar and corn by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Most processed foods are engineered to be hyper palatable and include added sucrose. They also commonly contain zero, or nearly zero fiber. Highly refined starches can also present a challenge to the human metabolic system.

  15. It's actually not the fact ist's processed ... by MxMatrix · · Score: 2

    ... it is the way and procedure food is processed. Foodprocessing factories put way too much sugar and salt in their products, and of course other substitutes that are just not right in food (cellulose, fibers etc.). Proper, wealthy processed food is possible, think of things like greatgrandmothers used to preserve food.

    --
    Bach says it all.
  16. Deficiency disorders? by steveha · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I really wonder how many of the maladies of old age are actually deficiency disorders.

    Vitamins were discovered when someone figured out that people going months without eating Vitamin C got sick. Someone empirically figured out that eating citrus fruit staved off scurvy and that led to the discovery of Vitamin C. Other vitamins are also important but take longer before a deficiency makes you sick.

    Natural food has all kinds of stuff in it and I wonder if some of it is healthy in really subtle ways that take a very long time to show up.

    Also, processed foods lack fiber, and you need some in your diet, to help your body control cholesterols.

    Finally, omega 3: I read a book called Fats That Heal, Fats That Kill that claims that omega 3 fatty acids are essential to health but at least 95% of people in North America don't get enough of it. Omega 3 is not found in processed foods, because omega 3 oils go rancid very quickly. Before processed foods, everyone got omega 3 naturally (for example, by eating fish or eating meat from grass-fed cattle) but these days people get very little, and get other kinds of oils instead. Since your body is made from what you eat, if you don't eat enough omega 3, your body has to use the other oils and it doesn't work as well. The book claims that while our bodies can't make omega 3, our bodies can convert it from one form to another; so it would suffice to eat only fish oil or only flax oil or whatever and trust the body to convert DHA to GLA or whatever.

    My wife and I buy flax oil blend and use it to make salad dressing; it's a painless way to add omega 3 to your diet.

    Simple salad dressing recipe:
    3-4 tablespoons of oil (flax oil, or olive oil)
    1 tablespoon of balsamic vinegar (or any other vinegar you like)
    sea salt to taste
    black pepper to taste

    We measure into a convenient cup, then whisk with a small wire whisk. It's fast and easy. We have figured out how many cranks of the pepper mill or how many twists of the sea salt grinder measure out the amount we like so it's a quick grind-and-count, no need to use measuring spoons for the salt and pepper.

    Sometimes we put in some tomato paste; you can buy tomato paste in a tube, and it's a handy way to add just a little bit when making just enough dressing for a couple of salads. Or garlic powder or any other spice that suits your taste. It's easy to tweak the recipe. We don't bother buying pre-made salad dressing anymore.

    We used to buy omega-3 chocolate truffles. They were expensive but were a tasty way to add omega-3 to our diets. Sadly the manufacturer no longer makes them... I think they were too expensive and didn't sell fast enough.

    --
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    1. Re:Deficiency disorders? by ledow · · Score: 3, Informative

      You have a kernel of an idea, but I can't help but think that you're coming from a bias.

      Certainly it's possible that "some unidentified, or thought irrelevant, deficiency could contribute to ill health later in life" is certainly possible.

      However, all food is "natural", using such wording makes me doubt the origin of your viewpoint. All food is natural. There's no such thing as synthetic food, in essence. Just processed or unprocessed.

      Thus it's a question of whether that process affects the food negatively or not. Unfortunately the study stands alone in a sea of other studies that find that the benefits of processed food (i.e. no bugs, no diseases, food safety standards, wide range of foods available in the shops year round) basically outweigh any processing downsides so long as the consumer is sensible. It's much more a "consumer habit makes them get sick" than anything else, rather than laying the blame at processed foods in themselves.

      However, the study (which is based on web-reporting of people's food habits, and some of those people barely contributed at all) also finds that the deaths are cancer and cardiovascular disease. Cancers are basically what you die of if you die of nothing else. They are inherent, ever-present, virtually inevitable (unless you're a certain species of lobster, etc.), etc.

      Omega-3, in particular, is another snake-oil term from the "health" food industry. Like fibre, vitamin C and many other things, including oxygen - being DEFICIENT in it isn't good for you. But consuming more of it doesn't make you healthier. There are more studies concluding "Dietary supplementation with omegaâ'3 fatty acids does not appear to affect the risk of death, cancer or heart disease." than anything to the contrary, for instance. The EU's official line is "contributes to the normal function of the heart" (which appears a lot in our health adverts as they aren't allowed to claim things that can't be proven - if you read that sentence carefully it basically means "Yeah, you need some, that's about it")

      There were many hypotheses saying that Omega-3 is what caused us to evolve from wading animals to super-brain predators, but that's nowhere near true either. Probably it helped, having access to sea-food, but it's not an automatic "makes your brain better" food or else blue whales and sharks would be the cleverest things on Earth - all that fresh Omega-3!

      Again - necessary, but not super-boosting just because you eat more.

      The basic rule of any health nutrient is "the difference between 'normal' and what happens if you don't have it doesn't mean it'll give you those benefits again ON TOP of normal by having it". More fibre isn't better than normal amounts. More sugar isn't better than normal amounts. Similarly no-sugar isn't better than normal amounts. And "normal amounts" are widely publicised, heavily tested, and also subject to millions of years of evolutionary selection - we call it hunger.

      The reason your manufacturer no longer makes "Omega-3 chocolate truffles"? They were a processed food that likely eliminated most of the Omega-3 in their production (like any processed food), and then the hype around Omega-3 died off and nobody bought them.

      Honestly, if you haven't read up on this stuff, you shouldn't be offering nutritional advice (I'm not offering nutritional advice either - I'm asking people to exercise caution and, ironically, take every health-fad with a pinch of salt).

      The recommended diets are there, heavily researched and tested down to every individual component. They don't mention extremes of Omega-3 or anything else like that, nor do they say "don't eat any processed food". That's your current science. Any parroting of something that sounds like something a "health food shop" checkout girl would tell you is likely to be proven nonsense after the fad has worn off.

      But your original line - that's probably right. It's not much use to us, however, if people just don't eat the right diet in the first place.

    2. Re:Deficiency disorders? by steveha · · Score: 2

      However, all food is "natural", using such wording makes me doubt the origin of your viewpoint. All food is natural. There's no such thing as synthetic food, in essence. Just processed or unprocessed.

      I think most people understand the idiom where "natural food" means less-processed food. In case anyone didn't get that: when I said "natural" I meant "less-processed, fresher food, as opposed to more-processed food that may have had nutrients stripped out to make it more shelf-stable or more palatable."

      The reason your manufacturer no longer makes "Omega-3 chocolate truffles"? They were a processed food that likely eliminated most of the Omega-3 in their production (like any processed food)

      Huh? They were truffles made with flax oil. I am certain they contained flax oil, as I could taste the difference between them and normal truffles. I'm not sure on what basis you feel it is likely that their processing eliminated their primary selling point.

      Honestly, if you haven't read up on this stuff, you shouldn't be offering nutritional advice

      Huh? I read a book, and I discussed what I remembered from the book, with attribution giving a link to a GoodReads page so you can find the book and double-check me. I totally agree that I'm not qualified to give nutritional advice, which is why I didn't give any.

      Oh wait, looks like I did give one piece of advice: eat fiber to help control cholesterol. Sorry, I didn't give attribution on that one. I didn't think that one was at all controversial.

      Like fibre, vitamin C and many other things, including oxygen - being DEFICIENT in it isn't good for you. But consuming more of it doesn't make you healthier.

      As I said, the book claims that 95% of people in North America are deficient in it, with deleterious effects.

      --
      lf(1): it's like ls(1) but sorts filenames by extension, tersely
  17. Re: LOL industrial processes by Hognoxious · · Score: 4, Funny

    It is in Glasgow.

    --
    Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  18. Re:sigh. by timematters · · Score: 5, Informative

    You are so, so arrogant...

    They are not stupid. They are aware of those correlations, and accounted for them. From the abstract:

    "Ultraprocessed foods consumption was associated with younger age (45-64 years, mean [SE] proportion of food in weight, 14.50% [0.04%]; P.001), lower income (€1200/mo, 15.58% [0.11%]; P.001), lower educational level (no diploma or primary school, 15.50% [0.16%]; P.001), living alone (15.02% [0.07%]; P.001), higher body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; 30, 15.98% [0.11%]; P.001), and lower physical activity level (15.56% [0.08%]; P.001). A total of 602 deaths (1.4%) occurred during follow-up. After adjustment for a range of confounding factors, an increase in the proportion of ultraprocessed foods consumed was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality"

  19. Re:Poor people die younger than rich people? by timematters · · Score: 2

    They know that, and took it into account. From the abstract:

    "Ultraprocessed foods consumption was associated with younger age (45-64 years, mean [SE] proportion of food in weight, 14.50% [0.04%]; P.001), lower income (€1200/mo, 15.58% [0.11%]; P.001), lower educational level (no diploma or primary school, 15.50% [0.16%]; P.001), living alone (15.02% [0.07%]; P.001), higher body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; 30, 15.98% [0.11%]; P.001), and lower physical activity level (15.56% [0.08%]; P.001). A total of 602 deaths (1.4%) occurred during follow-up. After adjustment for a range of confounding factors, an increase in the proportion of ultraprocessed foods consumed was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality"

  20. Re:LOL industrial processes by codeButcher · · Score: 3, Interesting

    * On the shelf longer
    * Less of certain vitamins and minerals

    I think that eventually it is a combination of factors. That said, nutrition is about more than just the 3 food groups (carbs, fats, protein) with some vitamins and minerals tossed in.

    One of the things needed for proper digestion and absorption of nutrients is enzymes. Lots are available especially in raw foods, but they are quite heat sensitive and temperatures of 60 or 70 degrees Celsius destroy them. Which is good if you want long shelf life, since they (by definition) help with the breakdown/rotting process.

    Another factor that allegedly, according to some dieticians' writings, is present in raw produce is termed "hydrophilic colloids". I'm not sure about the accuracy of the term, but these are claimed to be substances that enhance the water solubility of other nutrients, also improving absorption of nutrients. Also destroyed by heat and thus not present in processed foods.

    Then there's the whole intestinal population of flora, also playing a role in digestion. Many raw vegetables carry with them lactobacillus and other species which is part of the plant's natural defenses. Hence the traditional ability to pickle foods via fermentation of their own microbes, without the addition of other cultures. Plus the prebiotic substances that these microorganisms consume as food.

    In short, you can't really get around adding fresh veggies and fruit to your meals.

    It is difficult to sift through all the health hype and scientifically quantify each factor, but I think it is safe to say that having a diet of which around half (or more) consists of raw produce (which corresponds with the advice of a dietician I once consulted) would be close to optimal. The traditional way of preserving foods (before cooling, preservative chemicals and industrial processing became available) - in other words fermented foods, would probably also add some small measure to proper nutrition, with the provision that these foods are prepared via traditional/homemade methods, and not industrial shortcuts.

    --
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  21. Re:sigh. by AmiMoJo · · Score: 2

    From TFA:

    Self-reported data were collected at baseline, including sociodemographic, lifestyle, physical activity, weight and height, and anthropometrics.

    Unfortunately the paper is paywalled but I think we can safely assume that they collected that data in order to control for it.

    No need to set yourself on fire though.

    --
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  22. Re: LOL industrial processes by religionofpeas · · Score: 2

    Here's a list of different foods and their analysis of various kinds of nitrosamines.

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p...

    You'll find them in fruits and vegetables, sauces, fish, vegetable oils. The meats don't particulary stick out, except for salted fish (which I think it rarely mentioned when people talk about danger of processed meats).

  23. Re:sigh. by religionofpeas · · Score: 2

    Unfortunately the paper is paywalled but I think we can safely assume that they collected that data in order to control for it.

    No, we cannot. What happens is the researchers collect a bunch of potentially confounding data, and then run it through a standard statistical package, typically the Cox proportional hazards model. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

    The problem is that the Cox model only works if the confounders are linear, time-invariant, and independent. In practice, none of these requirements are met. In addition, not all possible confounders are collected, and they are also not measured accurately. People lie and they have bad memories.

    Of course, the statistical calculations don't care if the input is bad, they just churn out some numbers. If the numbers say what the researcher (or their sponsor) wants to hear, they'll publish the results. Otherwise they can easily tweak some parameters and try again, or just throw away the whole study, and try a new one.

  24. Re: LOL industrial processes by stealth_finger · · Score: 3, Insightful

    If you heat it up in the microwave, you get very little nitrosamines.

    Yeah but then you've got a whole different set of problems, chiefly being what the fuck happened to me that I think it's acceptable to microwave bacon? Fucking philistines man.

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  25. Re:sigh. by gurps_npc · · Score: 2

    If the study was done in India, that would be relevant. it was done in France. And you gave no study confirming your claim, so you are basically repeating anecdotal rumor.

    Last common ancestor is a scientific sounding but irrelevant argument. If you had at least mentioned genetic similarity (92%, vs chimp at 98%), it would have SOUNDED relevant. But when it comes to the digestive tract, rats are more than sufficiently similar genetically to humans for this kind of testing. They eat the same things and like the same things as we do. That 8% difference is almost all about size, fur, tail, brain, and lifespan. The internal organs are remarkably similar to humans. Some estimates put them at 99% identical to humans.

    Rats are used for three basic reasons:
    1) genetic consistency (their is little difference between two rats if both were from the same scientific animal testing source)
    2) Short lifespan (so we don't have to wait for natural deaths)
    3) Cheap

    --
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  26. Re:LOL industrial processes by Hognoxious · · Score: 2

    People used spices to cover up the smell of stale and spoiled foods for centuries.

    Bullshit. If you could afford enough spices to do that, you could afford food that wasn't off.

    And no amount of spices will remove botulism or salmonella pathogens.

    --
    Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  27. Re: sigh. by ChrisMaple · · Score: 2

    You've got it backwards. Eating poor quality foods makes you sick and stupid, and those things in turn make you poor.

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  28. Re:sigh. by ChrisMaple · · Score: 2

    The last common ancestor of sheep and Wales is quite recent.
    -- it's a joke.

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