Dell is using a payment processor, Coinbase, ( https://coinbase.com/ ) who accepts bitcoins on their behalf. Coinbase deposits dollars to Dell's bank account, and resells the coins to individuals, and on exchanges. So Dell never handles bitcoins themselves, just dollars like usual.
The two largest payment processors, Coinbase and BitPay, have about 65,000 merchants they accept bitcoin on behalf of and convert. The merchant gets local currency deposited to their accounts. There are an unknown number of places that take bitcoin directly, like our Seed Factory Project ( http://www.seed-factory.org/ ).
You can spend bitcoin indirectly at many major merchants through Gyft ( http://www.gyft.com/buy-gift-c... ). Note the "shop with bitcoin" item in the top menu. Gyft sells you a gift card, which you then can use at the merchant. You get a 3% discount buying the card with bitcoin, which represents part of the credit card fees, fraud, and chargebacks which Gyft and the merchant get to avoid.
I use a couple of inch (5 cm) high ring of aluminum foil, shiny side in, around the burner. That reflects heat from the burner and the pot itself back onto the pot, and reduces convection losses by partly blocking air coming in around the edges. Obviously if you are using gas burners, you need enough air for the flame. A strip of foil is going to be way way cheaper than an $85 pot.
When choosing pots, pick one that is black, not shiny, or make it black by burning stuff on the outside. Black surfaces absorb heat better.
Near Earth asteroids contain up to 20% chemically bound water (in the form of hydrated minerals). They don't contain water as water, because at our distance from the Sun it is too hot for water to be retained in a vacuum. To get this water out of the minerals you heat them to typically 200-300C. So stuff the asteroid rock in a closed container, focus enough sunlight on it to reach the required temperature, then have a condenser on the shaded side to turn the vapor back into liquid.
Water has multiple uses in space as propellant, shielding, and for biology. When split to oxygen we can breathe it. Some asteroids also have a large amount of carbon, so you can reform Water + Carbon into Oxygen + Hydrocarbons, which makes an excellent high thrust fuel, but that would be a more advanced application. Simple extraction of water is about as hard as running a distillery for alcohol.
You don't want one miner to claim all of Ceres or Vesta (the two largest asteroids). What makes sense is to have a "claim size" based on your mining operation and safety. Thus you don't want the next door miner to be landing his ships too close, because the exhaust can kick up rocks or contaminate your equipment. You also don't want to grant a full size mining claim to someone who lands a 1 kg payload with an electric drill. The claim should scale with how much equipment they are landing and the mining rate.
Of course, what makes sense has nothing to do with what Congress might pass, only 1% of their membership have an engineering background.
I think it would be the inverse. A rather sizable drone delivers to a local distribution point like a pizza place (who are already set up for local delivery). The last few miles are done by auto the conventional way. The Amazon warehouse near a given city has a fleet of drones, who can bypass local traffic. They could be larger and faster due to aerodynamics, and more able to carry navigation and collision avoidance equipment. One drone could even fly a route, with multiple drop off points.
If you coordinate the deliveries with smartphones, you could even have it delivered while you eat lunch, or at home along with your pizza.
The Bitcoin payment network has utility value, because it can perform a useful function (move value from place to place, fast, with low fees). The digital currency unit within the network has value derived from the usefulness of the network it is part of. By itself the currency unit is as useless as a UPS shipping label would be without the rest of UPS.
It should be evident that a network of relay and processing nodes, databases, user software, websites, and smartphone apps can have non-zero value. We could differ on exactly what the value is, but given how much people pay for similar items elsewhere, I don't think you can argue it is zero.
intrinsic value vs. depending on a system to tell value from useless paper is a terrible deal.
There is no such thing as "intrinsic value". All value is relative to human needs and desires, which are not only different for each person, but varies for the same person at different times. You can measure "utility value" for an item, based on its usefulness to people, but that changes over time. For example, horses as transportation have near zero or even negative utility in the modern world, since they cost more to own and operate than even the worst motorized transport, and there are many places you can't even use horses.
In the case of bitcoin, looking only at the digital coin gives the wrong answer. The coin only functions as part of the Bitcoin payment network. It is the network that makes it spendable, and therefore useful. The analogy I make is of a UPS shipping label. By itself it is just a bit of sticky printed paper, of no particular value. As part of the UPS shipping network it is much more useful, and therefore has significant value, as evidenced by what people are willing to pay for a label.
> A number of companies have taken to monitoring *ALL* BT traffic of consequence on a *GLOBAL* basis.
I call BS on that. The Pirate Bay alone has 46 million peers active. Nobody short of the NSA, and maybe not even them, can monitor that much traffic. If "of consequence" means the several thousand torrents with > 100 active peers, it would be feasible to get statistics, and maybe an IP list, but not monitor the actual traffic between users.
You don't need a list of towers. Just fly a RC drone around with a signal measuring phone and snap a photo when you get close. Official towers should be pretty easy to distinguish from unmarked vans or police cars. No fancy equipment is needed to measure signal strength. Just a mirror in front of the phone that reflects the signal meter to the camera.
> Gold has intrinsic value. Does bitcoin have any? No.
Gold has value because of its physical properties, scarcity, and attractiveness. The Bitcoin Network has value because of the ability to move funds from place to place, just like the UPS network has value for the ability to move packages from place to pace. Gold's source of value isn't better than other sources of value, just different. All value derives from people wanting or needing something, and the supply in relation to demand. Demand for the "bitcoin" token, which is an accounting unit within the Bitcoin Network, derives from the usefulness of the Network. Since the tokens are scarce goods, their exchange value is set by supply and demand. This is similar to how UPS shipping labels acquire value as part of the UPS network. The labels don't have value by themselves, they are just sticky paper with printing on them.
> Real money is guaranteed by the govt. If bitcoin can be considered valid currency, anybody else should be able to create their own currency.
Fiat currency is guaranteed to lose value relative to other goods through overproduction. Fiat means "let it be so", its a government imposed requirement that it be accepted for certain purposes. There are no other guarantees about it. You should read up on private bank notes prior to the Federal Reserve and private currencies since then. People do create currencies all the time, all it takes is enough acceptance in trade for other goods. Look up cigarettes in prisons, Tide detergent in buying drugs, and local currencies used particular towns. In terms of digital currencies like Bitcoin, there are hundreds of alternates, although Bitcoin has over 90% of the total market. It was the first and has the widest acceptance - dozens of exchanges where you can trade them for other currencies, and over 60,000 merchants where you can spend them.
> Credit card companies don't manufacture currency, they just transfer it. Bitcoins are manufactured in transactions.
Banks do in fact manufacture money supply when they make loans, look up "fractional reserve banking". They can then trade some of that money supply for circulating notes and coins (ie paper money). How much is based on customer demand. In the US about 12% of the money supply exists as physical notes and coins. The rest only exists as entries in computerized ledgers *just like bitcoin*. The bitcoin accounting tokens are generated by the accountants (miners) who verify blocks of transactions. They have to be originally distributed somehow, and the chosen method is payment for work done. But this is just an initial distribution situation. Once generated, coins or fractions thereof only move from person to person, and in a few years most of the bitcoins will have been generated, since the distribution algorithm provides half the remaining coins every 4 years, to a max of 21 million total.
You can use 100% of an asteroid's mass for useful items. After you extract water, carbon, and metals, the leftover slag can still serve as radiation shielding. Shielding is needed anywhere above low Earth orbit that you plan to spend much time at.
> The telescope will shed light on the 'dark ages' of the universe,
No, actually the telescope will *collect* light from the dark ages of the universe. If it shed light it would be the world's biggest fucking flashlight.
If you want to be pedantic, it *will* shed light, from several lasers mounted on the sides of the telescope structure. Those create artificial stars in the upper atmosphere so that atmospheric distortion can be cancelled by the adaptive optics. But those are attachments, not the main telescope.
Mars has about the same land area as Earth. Start selling acreage. Mars can be hard to distinguish from Nevada ( http://prou.co/wp-content/uplo... ) and yet we built Las Vegas.
> Which would die due to harmful radiation from the sun.
Pressurized greenhouses that are buried under Martian soil, with outside mirrors to direct sunlight to windows, which have filters to block out excess UV. You want the mirrors to mildly concentrate the light, since Mars only gets about 40% of Earth's solar intensity.
Mars has complicated geology, but mostly similar minerals to what the Earth has (they both formed from the same parent Solar Nebula). The presence of Iron Oxide give Mars a reddish tint, but so does the red clay soil in Alabama.
Mars also has a little native Iron on the surface, from metallic asteroids that re-entered. The various Mars rovers have come across chunks just sitting there during their travels. If you want to bootstrap some heavy industry, just go prospecting with a magnet.
Mars may have lost a lot of water, but the Solar System beyond the "Frost Line" (~2.8 AU) has lots of it in the form of native ice and liquid. There is likely a lot of hydrated minerals on Mars. The water is chemically bound, and so is not lost by atmospheric stripping.
The economics of robots and machine tools that make more of themselves invalidates the humans are cheap idea. In theory your starter factory can grow exponentially, leading to ever-higher production from a fixed original investment. Preliminary estimates give a 3 year doubling time (time for the equipment set to make it's own mass of new equipment). That's a 26% compound growth rate, which an excellent return on investment. So you would maximize the automated tasks, and just use humans for the tasks that are too hard to automate.
I'm about to put an offer on a 2.67 acre R&D location near Atlanta. Things like solar furnaces and greenhouses require some outdoor space for testing. We plan to work with the local "Maker" community and Georgia Tech to bootstrap the "self-expansion" tech. The project is open source, and we welcome people in other areas helping or doing parallel work. However since this project involves some big hardware, we need to be physically close to the people we will be working with, at least until we can be replicating starter kits and sending them out to people elsewhere.
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Dell is using a payment processor, Coinbase, ( https://coinbase.com/ ) who accepts bitcoins on their behalf. Coinbase deposits dollars to Dell's bank account, and resells the coins to individuals, and on exchanges. So Dell never handles bitcoins themselves, just dollars like usual.
The two largest payment processors, Coinbase and BitPay, have about 65,000 merchants they accept bitcoin on behalf of and convert. The merchant gets local currency deposited to their accounts. There are an unknown number of places that take bitcoin directly, like our Seed Factory Project ( http://www.seed-factory.org/ ).
You can spend bitcoin indirectly at many major merchants through Gyft ( http://www.gyft.com/buy-gift-c... ). Note the "shop with bitcoin" item in the top menu. Gyft sells you a gift card, which you then can use at the merchant. You get a 3% discount buying the card with bitcoin, which represents part of the credit card fees, fraud, and chargebacks which Gyft and the merchant get to avoid.
Ty Warner, the inventor of beanie babies, is worth $2.6 billion. Do not scoff at collectibles.
I use a couple of inch (5 cm) high ring of aluminum foil, shiny side in, around the burner. That reflects heat from the burner and the pot itself back onto the pot, and reduces convection losses by partly blocking air coming in around the edges. Obviously if you are using gas burners, you need enough air for the flame. A strip of foil is going to be way way cheaper than an $85 pot.
When choosing pots, pick one that is black, not shiny, or make it black by burning stuff on the outside. Black surfaces absorb heat better.
You have numbers to back up this claim? Because my numbers say the opposite.
Near Earth asteroids contain up to 20% chemically bound water (in the form of hydrated minerals). They don't contain water as water, because at our distance from the Sun it is too hot for water to be retained in a vacuum. To get this water out of the minerals you heat them to typically 200-300C. So stuff the asteroid rock in a closed container, focus enough sunlight on it to reach the required temperature, then have a condenser on the shaded side to turn the vapor back into liquid.
Water has multiple uses in space as propellant, shielding, and for biology. When split to oxygen we can breathe it. Some asteroids also have a large amount of carbon, so you can reform Water + Carbon into Oxygen + Hydrocarbons, which makes an excellent high thrust fuel, but that would be a more advanced application. Simple extraction of water is about as hard as running a distillery for alcohol.
You don't want one miner to claim all of Ceres or Vesta (the two largest asteroids). What makes sense is to have a "claim size" based on your mining operation and safety. Thus you don't want the next door miner to be landing his ships too close, because the exhaust can kick up rocks or contaminate your equipment. You also don't want to grant a full size mining claim to someone who lands a 1 kg payload with an electric drill. The claim should scale with how much equipment they are landing and the mining rate.
Of course, what makes sense has nothing to do with what Congress might pass, only 1% of their membership have an engineering background.
I think it would be the inverse. A rather sizable drone delivers to a local distribution point like a pizza place (who are already set up for local delivery). The last few miles are done by auto the conventional way. The Amazon warehouse near a given city has a fleet of drones, who can bypass local traffic. They could be larger and faster due to aerodynamics, and more able to carry navigation and collision avoidance equipment. One drone could even fly a route, with multiple drop off points.
If you coordinate the deliveries with smartphones, you could even have it delivered while you eat lunch, or at home along with your pizza.
The Bitcoin payment network has utility value, because it can perform a useful function (move value from place to place, fast, with low fees). The digital currency unit within the network has value derived from the usefulness of the network it is part of. By itself the currency unit is as useless as a UPS shipping label would be without the rest of UPS.
It should be evident that a network of relay and processing nodes, databases, user software, websites, and smartphone apps can have non-zero value. We could differ on exactly what the value is, but given how much people pay for similar items elsewhere, I don't think you can argue it is zero.
intrinsic value vs. depending on a system to tell value from useless paper is a terrible deal.
There is no such thing as "intrinsic value". All value is relative to human needs and desires, which are not only different for each person, but varies for the same person at different times. You can measure "utility value" for an item, based on its usefulness to people, but that changes over time. For example, horses as transportation have near zero or even negative utility in the modern world, since they cost more to own and operate than even the worst motorized transport, and there are many places you can't even use horses.
In the case of bitcoin, looking only at the digital coin gives the wrong answer. The coin only functions as part of the Bitcoin payment network. It is the network that makes it spendable, and therefore useful. The analogy I make is of a UPS shipping label. By itself it is just a bit of sticky printed paper, of no particular value. As part of the UPS shipping network it is much more useful, and therefore has significant value, as evidenced by what people are willing to pay for a label.
... camera strapped to a very long pole.
> A number of companies have taken to monitoring *ALL* BT traffic of consequence on a *GLOBAL* basis.
I call BS on that. The Pirate Bay alone has 46 million peers active. Nobody short of the NSA, and maybe not even them, can monitor that much traffic. If "of consequence" means the several thousand torrents with > 100 active peers, it would be feasible to get statistics, and maybe an IP list, but not monitor the actual traffic between users.
Then what is Google Fiber?
You don't need a list of towers. Just fly a RC drone around with a signal measuring phone and snap a photo when you get close. Official towers should be pretty easy to distinguish from unmarked vans or police cars. No fancy equipment is needed to measure signal strength. Just a mirror in front of the phone that reflects the signal meter to the camera.
> Gold has intrinsic value. Does bitcoin have any? No.
Gold has value because of its physical properties, scarcity, and attractiveness. The Bitcoin Network has value because of the ability to move funds from place to place, just like the UPS network has value for the ability to move packages from place to pace. Gold's source of value isn't better than other sources of value, just different. All value derives from people wanting or needing something, and the supply in relation to demand. Demand for the "bitcoin" token, which is an accounting unit within the Bitcoin Network, derives from the usefulness of the Network. Since the tokens are scarce goods, their exchange value is set by supply and demand. This is similar to how UPS shipping labels acquire value as part of the UPS network. The labels don't have value by themselves, they are just sticky paper with printing on them.
> Real money is guaranteed by the govt. If bitcoin can be considered valid currency, anybody else should be able to create their own currency.
Fiat currency is guaranteed to lose value relative to other goods through overproduction. Fiat means "let it be so", its a government imposed requirement that it be accepted for certain purposes. There are no other guarantees about it. You should read up on private bank notes prior to the Federal Reserve and private currencies since then. People do create currencies all the time, all it takes is enough acceptance in trade for other goods. Look up cigarettes in prisons, Tide detergent in buying drugs, and local currencies used particular towns. In terms of digital currencies like Bitcoin, there are hundreds of alternates, although Bitcoin has over 90% of the total market. It was the first and has the widest acceptance - dozens of exchanges where you can trade them for other currencies, and over 60,000 merchants where you can spend them.
> Credit card companies don't manufacture currency, they just transfer it. Bitcoins are manufactured in transactions.
Banks do in fact manufacture money supply when they make loans, look up "fractional reserve banking". They can then trade some of that money supply for circulating notes and coins (ie paper money). How much is based on customer demand. In the US about 12% of the money supply exists as physical notes and coins. The rest only exists as entries in computerized ledgers *just like bitcoin*. The bitcoin accounting tokens are generated by the accountants (miners) who verify blocks of transactions. They have to be originally distributed somehow, and the chosen method is payment for work done. But this is just an initial distribution situation. Once generated, coins or fractions thereof only move from person to person, and in a few years most of the bitcoins will have been generated, since the distribution algorithm provides half the remaining coins every 4 years, to a max of 21 million total.
You can use 100% of an asteroid's mass for useful items. After you extract water, carbon, and metals, the leftover slag can still serve as radiation shielding. Shielding is needed anywhere above low Earth orbit that you plan to spend much time at.
> The telescope will shed light on the 'dark ages' of the universe,
No, actually the telescope will *collect* light from the dark ages of the universe. If it shed light it would be the world's biggest fucking flashlight.
If you want to be pedantic, it *will* shed light, from several lasers mounted on the sides of the telescope structure. Those create artificial stars in the upper atmosphere so that atmospheric distortion can be cancelled by the adaptive optics. But those are attachments, not the main telescope.
https://www.eso.org/public/arc...
Mars has about the same land area as Earth. Start selling acreage. Mars can be hard to distinguish from Nevada ( http://prou.co/wp-content/uplo... ) and yet we built Las Vegas.
> Which would die due to harmful radiation from the sun.
Pressurized greenhouses that are buried under Martian soil, with outside mirrors to direct sunlight to windows, which have filters to block out excess UV. You want the mirrors to mildly concentrate the light, since Mars only gets about 40% of Earth's solar intensity.
Mars has complicated geology, but mostly similar minerals to what the Earth has (they both formed from the same parent Solar Nebula). The presence of Iron Oxide give Mars a reddish tint, but so does the red clay soil in Alabama.
Mars also has a little native Iron on the surface, from metallic asteroids that re-entered. The various Mars rovers have come across chunks just sitting there during their travels. If you want to bootstrap some heavy industry, just go prospecting with a magnet.
Mars may have lost a lot of water, but the Solar System beyond the "Frost Line" (~2.8 AU) has lots of it in the form of native ice and liquid. There is likely a lot of hydrated minerals on Mars. The water is chemically bound, and so is not lost by atmospheric stripping.
The economics of robots and machine tools that make more of themselves invalidates the humans are cheap idea. In theory your starter factory can grow exponentially, leading to ever-higher production from a fixed original investment. Preliminary estimates give a 3 year doubling time (time for the equipment set to make it's own mass of new equipment). That's a 26% compound growth rate, which an excellent return on investment. So you would maximize the automated tasks, and just use humans for the tasks that are too hard to automate.
That's exactly the project we are working on. Automated self-expanding production from a starter kit.
Book: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/S...
Project site: http://www.seed-factory.org/
Space systems book that led to the project: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/S...
I'm about to put an offer on a 2.67 acre R&D location near Atlanta. Things like solar furnaces and greenhouses require some outdoor space for testing. We plan to work with the local "Maker" community and Georgia Tech to bootstrap the "self-expansion" tech. The project is open source, and we welcome people in other areas helping or doing parallel work. However since this project involves some big hardware, we need to be physically close to the people we will be working with, at least until we can be replicating starter kits and sending them out to people elsewhere.
The one click patent is due to expire in 2017 anyway, so it won't be around much longer.
And who is it that actually buys Russian rocket engines? ULA
Who makes their own engines in California? Space-X
> The government is not in the business of managing an inventory,
Tell that to the Bureau of Land Management, or the General Services Administration.