The reasoning being something like this: "If there is money to be made of it then of course it should be patentable".
After the ruling the judge was seen leaving the scene in a limousine filled with naked ladies leased by Myriad.
So far I don't think there's optogenetic tools to read output from neurons, just input methods. Although I'm willing to put my manhood at stake that voltage-triggered-fluorescent membrane proteins exist already in some form.
As for ordinary electrodes, it is getting easier all the time.
Optogenetics have been around for a few years and have proved to work splendidly in mice. Now of course in mice the usual approach is to drill a hole in the skull and feed a fiber optic cable into it, for a human you would probably miniaturize some light emitting device and embedd it inside the skull.
The reason why optogenetics is so much better than electrodes is not only for the fact that you require physical electrode present to act as a growth area for scar tissue, but that you can target specific neurons with the gene therapy vector for a selective coverage. And you can do both inhibition and excitation(in the same cells, or different) with the technique, given the variety of opsins too you can even have very close neighbours that operate at different light wavelengths.
If the technique is refined and translated to humans it will most likely result in extremely good brain-computer-interface quality. Compare the old electrodes to flint knives and optogenetics to lndustrial laser cutters and you get the idea.
The neurons would fire willy-nilly without any mutation when exposed to sunlight.
However, due to the cranium, skull or whatever you chose to call it being opaque to sunlight this doesn't happen.
Now of course I'm sure you can postulate some even bleaker catastrophe scenario that you can peddle to you luddite friends as a reason to ban optogenetics.
I think the whole point of APUs are to not be high end expensive battleship-system components.
You see, the $230 device you suggest to buy instead have no integrated graphics, and thus you'll want to add $100 or more for a matching decent pice or GPU(or you can be a retard and enjoy integrated shit-tier graphics along with your high end CPU.
Or you simply settle for a lower-mid tier system and buy the Llano device from the above article and end up with a $200 cheaper system.
But NSA only use theirs for spying on their own and other nations citizens and corporations so it's not very relevant in the big picture. Think of it like building the worlds tallest skyscraper, in a pit deeper than the height of the building, then you put a lid on it, fill the pit with water and house a family of goldfishes in it. That's more or less what a NSA "supercomputer" is.
What if we consider the other end of the spectrum? A licensed MD doing x or y on a whealty and socially well adjusted adult person with full and informed consent and no benefits outside research? Obviously we only find blackmarket organ trade and charlatans running dungeons today when the legal restrictions choke out all opportunity for decent and formal alternatives. Same goes for drugs, you won't find ecologic and locally produced opium sold at competitive prices and lab verified for strength, smokeable in a comfortable enviroment with properly trained medical personell nearby, because any such establishment would be raided and closed twenty minutes after opening.
Re:In b4 losers asking why he didn't kill himself
on
Jack Kevorkian Dead at 83
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· Score: 4, Insightful
The unreasonable part is that some moron can block my consent to such experiments. When did we redefine freedom as "what lawmakers decide".
He is hunted down and killed by being thrown into a woodchipper by a casual non-murdering vigilante pedophile who lost his favourite victim. The whole book could orbit around having sex with children and as long as it contains some plot coherency and whatnot it could be a controversial bestseller and still not induce the equivalent moral crisis that a more visual format would.
Try the same with a comic book and you're in hot water, animated movies and the water is boiling and don't even think about making it into a video game. The difference of course is acessibility, the shock value of reading a piece of text is much less than plastering static pictures and animated media with sound is still a step above that. So the ability of fox news to spin a shocker story of something more or less determines what is wrong in society.
The law in question fucked over a professional manga translator in sweden recently due to you know, tentacle porn or something.
To get the law tested some guys on the swedish anti-establishment forum of flashback(.org) planned to sue the swedish distributor for child pornography distribution once the game was out, which might've been what triggered this hesitation from nintento.
So sweden joins the club of countries where you can go to prison for being skilled with a pen.
Being tech news, for nerds and all that stuff one would naturally expect the SI system to be in use. Then again as you say the site is US-based and the united states is famously known for it's often self-contradictory retard rollercoaster way of doing things no one should be all that suprised.
The neurons in your brain have those same voltage gated channels. A positive voltage will nugde them closer to the depolarization treshold. Reversing the current will nudge them away from the depolarization threshold and provide inhibitory effects instead. Which is consistent with what is observed: anodal stimulation have the opposite influence as cathodal.
As for your frog leg comparison. We know pretty well that Voltage gated sodium channels are responsible for depolarization. And they are voltage activated as the name suggests. That is, we know the underlying mechanism.
Transcranial direct current stimulation was used in psychiatric care in the 70 or 60s as a treatment to depression, it later fell into obscurity for the following decades(Like psychadelic research, bacteriophage research and whatever else that's only being rediscovered now), no negative effects noticed then. No negative effects found in later studies either. It's not new, it's only a rather dull research subject because you don't need a transcomfublating subluxcapacitor that costs twenty million USD and can grant you a nice profit cow/patent, you need a 9v battery, a pair of electrodes, and electrode gel/salt water, and the effects are not directly perceptible like psychoactive drugs.
Some research from last year showed a temporary 110% improvement in short term memory on the test subjects following ten minutes of stimulation, can't be bothered to dig up the article now though.
As for negative effects some guy argued for microembolization in the brain, however such events have only been detected at higher currents.
Unless you're a ballistic missile or insurgent you're likely to never see anything of those military systems. If we invent a matter replicator and only use it for creating delicious topping for ice cream it still wouldn't be as much of a waste as the military hush-hush superadvanced fancypants-never-for-good-use systems.
Slashdot Mirror
The reasoning being something like this: "If there is money to be made of it then of course it should be patentable".
After the ruling the judge was seen leaving the scene in a limousine filled with naked ladies leased by Myriad.
So far I don't think there's optogenetic tools to read output from neurons, just input methods. Although I'm willing to put my manhood at stake that voltage-triggered-fluorescent membrane proteins exist already in some form.
As for ordinary electrodes, it is getting easier all the time.
Optogenetics have been around for a few years and have proved to work splendidly in mice. Now of course in mice the usual approach is to drill a hole in the skull and feed a fiber optic cable into it, for a human you would probably miniaturize some light emitting device and embedd it inside the skull.
The reason why optogenetics is so much better than electrodes is not only for the fact that you require physical electrode present to act as a growth area for scar tissue, but that you can target specific neurons with the gene therapy vector for a selective coverage. And you can do both inhibition and excitation(in the same cells, or different) with the technique, given the variety of opsins too you can even have very close neighbours that operate at different light wavelengths.
If the technique is refined and translated to humans it will most likely result in extremely good brain-computer-interface quality. Compare the old electrodes to flint knives and optogenetics to lndustrial laser cutters and you get the idea.
The neurons would fire willy-nilly without any mutation when exposed to sunlight.
However, due to the cranium, skull or whatever you chose to call it being opaque to sunlight this doesn't happen.
Now of course I'm sure you can postulate some even bleaker catastrophe scenario that you can peddle to you luddite friends as a reason to ban optogenetics.
It will discretly inform you when she's faking it.
It will also watch you masturbate.
I think the whole point of APUs are to not be high end expensive battleship-system components.
You see, the $230 device you suggest to buy instead have no integrated graphics, and thus you'll want to add $100 or more for a matching decent pice or GPU(or you can be a retard and enjoy integrated shit-tier graphics along with your high end CPU.
Or you simply settle for a lower-mid tier system and buy the Llano device from the above article and end up with a $200 cheaper system.
But in the future they will have the enjoyable company of United States Dollars and the Euro as company.
Arguably they already do.
But NSA only use theirs for spying on their own and other nations citizens and corporations so it's not very relevant in the big picture. Think of it like building the worlds tallest skyscraper, in a pit deeper than the height of the building, then you put a lid on it, fill the pit with water and house a family of goldfishes in it. That's more or less what a NSA "supercomputer" is.
What if we consider the other end of the spectrum? A licensed MD doing x or y on a whealty and socially well adjusted adult person with full and informed consent and no benefits outside research?
Obviously we only find blackmarket organ trade and charlatans running dungeons today when the legal restrictions choke out all opportunity for decent and formal alternatives. Same goes for drugs, you won't find ecologic and locally produced opium sold at competitive prices and lab verified for strength, smokeable in a comfortable enviroment with properly trained medical personell nearby, because any such establishment would be raided and closed twenty minutes after opening.
The unreasonable part is that some moron can block my consent to such experiments. When did we redefine freedom as "what lawmakers decide".
Look at the openCL link from article. everyone have a hand in that cookiejar.
He is hunted down and killed by being thrown into a woodchipper by a casual non-murdering vigilante pedophile who lost his favourite victim. The whole book could orbit around having sex with children and as long as it contains some plot coherency and whatnot it could be a controversial bestseller and still not induce the equivalent moral crisis that a more visual format would.
Try the same with a comic book and you're in hot water, animated movies and the water is boiling and don't even think about making it into a video game. The difference of course is acessibility, the shock value of reading a piece of text is much less than plastering static pictures and animated media with sound is still a step above that. So the ability of fox news to spin a shocker story of something more or less determines what is wrong in society.
What about drawing children in the bondage cartoons? Oh that's terrible!
But if I write a book about a serial-child-murderer/rapist that's okay. Why?
The law in question fucked over a professional manga translator in sweden recently due to you know, tentacle porn or something.
To get the law tested some guys on the swedish anti-establishment forum of flashback(.org) planned to sue the swedish distributor for child pornography distribution once the game was out, which might've been what triggered this hesitation from nintento.
So sweden joins the club of countries where you can go to prison for being skilled with a pen.
Tentacles.
Being tech news, for nerds and all that stuff one would naturally expect the SI system to be in use. Then again as you say the site is US-based and the united states is famously known for it's often self-contradictory retard rollercoaster way of doing things no one should be all that suprised.
The neurons in your brain have those same voltage gated channels. A positive voltage will nugde them closer to the depolarization treshold. Reversing the current will nudge them away from the depolarization threshold and provide inhibitory effects instead. Which is consistent with what is observed: anodal stimulation have the opposite influence as cathodal.
As for your frog leg comparison. We know pretty well that Voltage gated sodium channels are responsible for depolarization. And they are voltage activated as the name suggests. That is, we know the underlying mechanism.
Transcranial direct current stimulation was used in psychiatric care in the 70 or 60s as a treatment to depression, it later fell into obscurity for the following decades(Like psychadelic research, bacteriophage research and whatever else that's only being rediscovered now), no negative effects noticed then. No negative effects found in later studies either. It's not new, it's only a rather dull research subject because you don't need a transcomfublating subluxcapacitor that costs twenty million USD and can grant you a nice profit cow/patent, you need a 9v battery, a pair of electrodes, and electrode gel/salt water, and the effects are not directly perceptible like psychoactive drugs.
Some research from last year showed a temporary 110% improvement in short term memory on the test subjects following ten minutes of stimulation, can't be bothered to dig up the article now though.
As for negative effects some guy argued for microembolization in the brain, however such events have only been detected at higher currents.
Unless you're a ballistic missile or insurgent you're likely to never see anything of those military systems. If we invent a matter replicator and only use it for creating delicious topping for ice cream it still wouldn't be as much of a waste as the military hush-hush superadvanced fancypants-never-for-good-use systems.
And you're better off saying blind people can't recognize objects? Just wait until they get their hands on you.
You mean IS more useful. See rest of the world for highspeed railroad, china and japan if you fancy lots of it and more coming in the near future.
They just want a reason for using a tool as fancily named as a Fusion Splicer at ever opportunity.
When it comes to viral infections the viral load of the fluid is a decent indicator.
0.3% might be the correct value for vanilla sex, it's suprisingly low anyhow.